The M20 is a 6-cylinder 12-valve engine comparatively small (for BMW) volume and camshaft belt - was developed and began to be produced on BMW back in 1977 under the M60 labeling.

Basically, the engine was intended for the new and first car of the 5th series in 77. E12. To create modern, economical and inexpensive versions of cars. In addition, for the 3rd series cars, a more powerful engine was also required, under the hood of the Trex BMW simply there was simply enough space for M30 engines (M89).

The new engine was different from his senior M30 fellow easier design and camshaft belt drive. But nevertheless, the engine has retained the cast iron block of cylinders with an aluminum head. An important innovation in M60 was the appearance of a camshaft belt drive, instead of the chain used earlier.

In the 82nd year, the M60 engine was slightly upgraded and it received the M20 marking. Also, the M20 began to call the previous issues, and the name M60 was assigned in 93 to a completely different engine.

The differences between M20 and M60 were very insignificant.

On M20 there is no fuel pump in the cylinder block, and the number of teeth on the belt of the gas distribution - M60 - 111, M20 - 128 has changed, and from the 85th year - 127. Accordingly, the gears of the timing mechanism, as well as the belt tensioner roller, have changed.

The further development of the M20 brought 2.5 liter 170-strong version and the deformed 2.7-liter modification of its modification.

The feature of the engine M20B27 2.7 liters was that the engine was strongly defined. He issued only 125 hp With 4800 rpm, but it was a very high torque - 241 HM at 3250 r. For which he received the nickname "petrol diesel".

Models equipped with such an engine had the designation 325E, 525e, and on the US market 328E and 528e, respectively.

The M20 engine was installed on the cars of the third and fifth series.
Fifth Series:
E12 - 520 - 2.0 liters - only carburetor.
E28. - 520i - K or L (E) -Jectronic, 525E - 2.7 liters with Motronic 1.0 Basic injection system
E34 - 520i, 525i - 2.5 liters with Motronic 1.0 injection system

BMW M20 engine block head.

The M20 used several types of GBC, however, the differences between them were very insignificant. On the carburetor engines The M60 and on the K-Jetronic M20 were installed heads with reduced intake channels, more precisely, when the injection system L-Jetronic input channels were significantly expanded.

The smaller cross-channel cross-section was required for more correct mixing (features of the carburetor), as well as for better filling cylinders on small revolutions.

For the M20 B25 engine, the block head was also substantially changed. Namely: the larger size valves are installed - intake 42, exhaust - 36. Instead of 40 and 34 for other modifications.

However, the heads are partially interchangeable, although, sometimes, and with some alterations.
For example, completely interchangeable B20 and B23, also completely interchangeable B25 C B27 C 9/87, and with some alterations B20 / B23 and B27 (up to 12/86), and, of course, carburetor interchangeable with injection.

Block head B27. One of the most interesting from the heads used.

Brief TTX:

Specifications

For all M20:

Engine M60, M20 and M21
Detailed technical information About Engine

BMW M20 firmly took its niche in the market of motors, accommodating exactly between M10 and M30. He also lived a very long production life and gained widespread, including in Russia, where it was actively bought in the configuration with the body No. 34.

Historical reference

This engine first came down from the conveyor in 1977 and was released until 1993.
It was intended primarily for the newly new and new and stakels in the same 1977 first BMW. 5th series - E12.

It was M20 who later served as the basis of the development of such motors as M21, M70 and V12.

Specifications

M20 is a six-cylinder twelve-valve engine quite small by BMW volumes. Regarding its predecessor M30 Motor has a lighter design and belt drive distribution Vala. At the same time, the cylinder block of the cast iron and the aluminum head remains in M20.
The volume of the motor at the end of all improvements was 2.5 liters, and power - 170 hp
Weight M20 - 113 kg.

Modifications M20 on BMW Models of the 5th Series

M20B20.

M20V25

M20V27.

The most common faults

When operating the engine M20, the following problems occur:

• the formation of cracks in the head of the cylinder block connecting the cooling cavity and crankcase;
• damage to the valves when cutting the belt of the gas distribution mechanism;
• violation of the Regulation tensioner roller, that leads to strong wear Transmission of the gas distribution mechanism.

Engine BMW. M20B25

Engine characteristics M20V25

Reliability, problems and repair of the engine BMW M20B25

Online six-cylinder engine BMW M20B25 (The people called "Spider") was developed on the basis of a low-volume six in 1986 and, together with the base unit and M20B23, M20B27 engines, enters the BMW M20 family. Used this engine on the bMW cars with index 25i.
In the cylinder block of 2 liter M20B20, the diameters of the cylinders from 80 mm to 84 mm were increased, the crankshaft with 66 mm is replaced with a new one, with a course of 75 mm. The length of the connecting rods is 135 mm (it was 130 mm). The height of the cylinder block remains the same.
The head of the cylinder block is still single-shaped 12 valve, without hydrocomathers, valve adjustment is required every 10-20 thousand km, valve clearances for the intake and release 0.25 mm. The diameter of the valves increased, the inlet valves are now 42 mm (it was 40 mm), the graduation of 36 mm (it was 34 mm).Characteristics of the M20B25 camshaft: phase 256, lifting 10.1 mm. Head number 885.
The timing belt drive, replacing the belt is required of about 50 thousand km, in the event of a belt break, the engine of the valve rotes. Injector fuel supply system.
Since 1990, the M20V25 engine began to be supplanted with a new enhanced motor.

Motor modifications BMW M20B25

1. M20B25 (1986 - 1988 G.V.) is the first model of the engine with a catalyst. Compression ratio 9.7, Power 160 hp At 5800 rpm, torque 215 nm at 4000 rpm.
2. M20B25 (1985 - 1987 G.V.) is an analogue of the first version without using a catalyst. Power 169 hp At 5800 rpm, torque 226 nm at 4000 rpm.
3. M20B25 (1988 - 1991 G.V.) - a finalized version with another short intake manifold. Compression ratio 8.8, Power 168 hp At 5800 rpm, torque 222 nm at 4300 rpm.

Problems and disadvantages of BMW M20B25 engines

1. Overheating. GBC engines M20 is prone to overheating and keeping, causes are linked in a faulty standard cooling system. Check it for air traffic jams, radiator condition, pump, thermostat performance.
2. Wire of camshaft pastels. The problem is characteristic of power aggregates With mileage of more than 200-250 thousand km, a malfunction will be prompted by the camshaft knock. Treated this problem Buying a new head of the cylinder block.
3. Crack in the GBC. M20 Motor disease arising mainly from engine overheating. Most often, the crack is formed in the area of \u200b\u200b4-5 cylinders and is treated with the purchase of another GBC.
In addition, the owner of the M20B25 engine needs to closely monitor the status of the timing belt and the position of the tensioning roller, otherwise you threaten the belt break along with the flap of the valves, sometimes with the destruction of the pistons. In addition, taking into account the age of the engine and their strong wear, and the age-related ... Therefore, when choosing a car with this motor, you need to think carefully, it is clearly not the best choice For trouble-free operation. Buy the M20B25 engine for the swap is even worse, much more preferable.

BMW M20B25 Engine Tuning

M20B25 Stroker

The easiest way to increase the return of a 2.5-liter motor is to remake it in a 2.7-liter. For this procedure, it is necessary to buy the M20B27 crankshaft with a move of 81 mm or from diesel M21D24, with the same move, but easier. 130 mm connecting rods, pistons stock, cylinder block is molded by 2.2 mm. Such alterations will allow to add about 10-15 hp.
To obtain M20B28, you need to install the M51D25 crankshaft, with a piston running 82.8 mm. Buy connecting rods M20B20, pistons stock, cylinder block is milling by 1.1 mm.
To move on, you need to buy sport camshafts, for example Schrick 284/272, springs and reinforced rocker. It will give about 20 hp. GBC porting, channel combination, reinforced head bolts, light flywheel, cold inlet, nozzles (~ 250 CC), directing exhaust and get ~ 220 hp
To celebrate what I did not spoke, buy even more evil trees with a phase for 290 with Schrick springs, 6 throttle inlet dbilas.

Turbo M20B25.

For a serious increase in power in the power of the shafts, there will be little ... you need to blend, and blow better in a 2.7 liter strift option. For these purposes, some Chinese turbocit (with brains included) on the basis of the GT28 supercharger or the like (can be original and expensive whale on the basis of Garrett GT28), the motor must be overloaded, replacing the pistons into forged degree ~ 8.5, or to trace the standard on ~ 1.5 mm, put the nozzles of 440 ss, exhaust at 2.5-3 "pipe, set up and blow up to 300-350 hp But the costs of refinement even with cheap Chinese components will be very solid, it is worth it or not to solve you.

A passenger car GAZ M20 was not in vain called "victory" - it really was victory in all respects. Great was won Patriotic WarThere was an opportunity to raise the country's industry to a high level. AND new car became a symbol of that era.

So it looks like one of the first models of the car GAZ-20 victory

Creating a new car model proved in the industry Soviet Union There is a huge potential and a country can produce products that are not inferior in their characteristics to the goods of famous Western manufacturers. If we consider that the release of gas M 20 began almost immediately after the end of the war, then for our fatherland such an event can be considered a great achievement.

The new model of the passenger car gas began to be developed in pre-war years. Then there were a lot of design ideas - at the same time, the project was wondering the new, the development of a 6-cylinder engine gas 11. But to the design of the middle-class passenger car, the designers were closely proceeded in 1943.

First Victory Modification

It was at that time that the basic nodes and aggregates were identified, the forms of the future body were identified. In the model were their characteristic differences From the previous brand:

• More low level sex compared to the predecessor;
• The location of the engine over the front beam suspension;
• The presence of hydraulic drive in the brake system;
• Advanced independent front suspension;
• Engine with higher efficiency;
• A streamlined body with "licked" wings;
• Superior interior design.

at first new model Considered in two versions of execution depending on the engine, each of them was assigned their index:

• With a 6-cylinder motor - M-25;
• With a 4-cylinder engine - M-20.

So the engine M-20 looks like in the context

Almost immediately after the end of the war, "Victory" was undergoing long testing, and after successful completion, it was submitted for consideration by the Higher Party Government.

The project has been approved, and in mass production it was decided to launch a more economical option - M-20 brand. In the future, this name has been fixed by the car.

In the construction of the car, the name "Motherland" was also considered. But Stalin did not approve this option. When it comes to selling the car, it turned out that they sell their homeland. The release of the Machine Gas "Victory" began at the end of June 1946. Despite successful tests, many different design flaws and shortcomings revealed in the car. Therefore, over the next six months, only 23 cars left the conveyor, and only in the spring of 1947 began to mass assembly in the Gorky Automobile Plant.

Interior of the cabin of the car "Victory" GAZ 20

Already in February 1948, the gas gathered 1000 units of a new model, and another 700 Victory cars appeared by the beginning of autumn.

Read also

History of gas plant

The shortcomings in the design were forced to suspend mass production, and the pace of car release slowed down. But by November 1949, new production corps were built on the automobile plant, and also eliminated most of the main flaws of the model. The heater began to install the M20, new springs appeared. Production of the updated version resumed in full, and the defective machines were returned to the automobile plant shop to eliminate deficiencies. The government estimated the efforts of the factory worker, Marka GAZ M 20 "Victory" in 1949 was awarded the Stalinist Prize.

In the summer of 1955, gas began to produce all-wheel drive model Based on M-20. From afar, the car was difficult to distinguish from the basic version, but at a closer examination, a higher landing of the car was noticeable.

Original Car Victory 1955 release

Such cars made 4677 pieces, and they had the following external differences:

• Increased ground clearance;
• Tires and discs with R16 radius (6.50-16);
• Other rear mudguards.

At the time of all-wheel drive passenger cars It was a bit, and gas 72 was considered one of the first cars in the world in this class. Despite the large external similarity with M-20, the "victory" model M-72 was not called.

On the front icon, the M20 washed the emblem in the form of the letter "M". This letter meant the name of the Gorky Automobile Plant in those days - the plant was the name of the Molotov addict. The name remained until 1957, then Molotov was released from his position, and his name was removed from the abbreviation of gas. The upper corners of the icon resembled the teeth of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin. It was so conceived specifically - the icon confirmed that the car was created in the Gorky region.

Design features "Victory"

The prototype of gas M 20 to some extent is Opel Kapitan, at least many design solutions taken from this car. But its own design solutions made a "victory" unique:

• The front and rear wings were practically merged with the body, which was the innovation in those times;
• The loops of all four doors were attached in front of the racks and the doors opened in the course of the movement of the car;
• There was no decorative footrest.

The main designer of the project "Victory" was Lipgart A.A. The structure of the design group included engineers: Cyger, Kirsanov and Kirillov. The first of the listed was the deputy chief designer, the second led the group. Kirsanov was engaged in the development of the body. The unique appearance of the car was created due to the artist Samoilov, but the self-sized project in the form real car So did not see - the artist tragically died in 1944. The first sketches created the artist Brodsky in 1943.

For the "victory" of the body and body elements for the first time became the details of their domestic production. Prior to that, other car brands received details from foreign firms, in particular, ordered the manufacture of American manufacturers.

Engine

Since the 6-cylinder engine GAZ 11 in a series did not go, the main engine for GAZ M20 was the 4-cylinder gas 20. From the GAZ 11, the new power unit had the following differences:

The degree of compression in the cylinders was equal to only 5.6, but such a low indicator allowed to operate on the low-octane 66th gasoline. In the post-war years, the fuel in the country had problems, and the use of such a gasoline brand made it possible to somehow leave the position. But the thrust of the motor was weak, and the motor hardly coped with his duties even on a passenger car.

Transmission Box and Rear Axle

The gearbox had three speeds ahead and transfer rear stroke. It did not have synchronizers, the lever of the PPC had an outdoor location. This box was borrowed from the M1 gas model. At the beginning of the 50s of the last century codes, the box lever moved to the steering column, and the checkpoint took from the Winter car. It has already envisaged synchronizers in the second and third gear.

The rear axle did not borrow from other models of the car, it was designed specifically for the GAZ M 20.

So looks like a gearbox for victory GAZ 20

On the main program there was a pair of spiral-conical type. The inconvenience of the design is that to dismantle the semi-axes had to fully disassemble the cardinter of the main transfer.

Features of the body and salon

At the time of the post-war years, the body finish was considered to be made on high levelthat has repeatedly noted foreign experts in the automotive business. The body had a thick metal layer (from 1 to 2 mm). The thickness was metal on spars and in the binding places. By type of body classified as a "convertible".

The salon had a modern layout for his time, it was present:

There were other useful trivia, type backlight luggage compartment and open space, or cigarette lighter in the cabin console. In later versions of "Victory" in the heating system, heating were heated windshieldAnd later the car became completed with a regular radio reception.

Individual seats that cost in modern carsThe "victory" was not. In total, two sofas were installed in the car: front and rear. At that time, Velur, Sidushki was not used, wasted with a woolen high-quality cloth. Front seat There was adjustments and could move back and forth. In machines intended for a taxi, the sofas were covered with a leak.

Front and rear suspension, brake system

The concept of anterior suspension was further applied on all Volga models. It was a pivot type, independent, provided for the presence of threaded sleeves. Some details were borrowed from opel models Kapitan (shock absorbers, threaded sleeves), but a squava device has its own development. Hydraulic shock absorbers were lever type, that is, simultaneously served as the top levers of the suspension. Exactly the same design was present in rear suspension, rear axle Fucked on the springs.

The brake system GAZ M 20 was considered the most perfect in the middle of the twentieth century, for the first time it became hydraulic for the entire time of Soviet automotive industry.

But the contour in the system was only one or some kind of separation could not be speech. That is, if any of the 4 working cylinders began to leak, the brakes disappeared at all. In all models of "Volga" with drum brakes, two operating cylinders were installed on the wheel.

Diagram of the design of drum brakes victory

At the "victory" on both pendants attended one cylinder, each cylinder raised two blocks at the same time.

Electrical part

Electrical Equipment "Victory" was also distinguished by modernity, it used the most hi-tech post-war years. Of the features of the electrical part, you can note:

The combination of devices in the cabin had the entire necessary set of sensors informed the driver about the state of the car and the speed of movement:

• Speedometer;
• Fuel level sensor;
• Oil pressure sensor;
• Water temperature pointer;
• Ammeter;
• Clock.

The panel also had two rotor indicator lamps. The instrument panel itself was made of steel and painted under the color of the body, plastic linings decorated it and gave elegance.

Request spare parts Viber 89639932224

Engine BMW M20B20 2.0i 206KA

M20 engines were first represented by the general public in 1977 and were essentially a modification of M30 power units, which has a much smaller working volume. They were created primarily in order to ensure the very first car of the fifth series (E12) inexpensive, economical and modern engine. They used to equip the third series machines, since they simply lacked on them for M30. M20 is a row power unit, having in its design 6 cylinders and 12 valves, as well as a belt drive of the gas distribution mechanism. Its block of cylinders is made of cast iron, but is supplied with a dural head. Interestingly, until 1982, this engine was produced under the M60 labeling, which in 1983 was assigned to a completely different motor of the Bavarian company. Cost 35,000 rubles.

Engine specifications M20B20 (206KA)

Engine Model: M20B20 (206KA)

Volume: 1990 cm3

Power: 129 hp

Number of cylinders: 6

There are only four modifications of the M20 power unit: M20V20, M20V23, M20V25, M20V27. They differ in each other (from 2.0 to 2.7 liters), power and some features of the design. Distinctive feature These engines are the absence of fuel pump in the cylinder block, as well as the use of various types of gas distribution mechanisms. In addition, there are modifications of M20 power units with various inlences (both sizes and geometric configuration). It should also be borne in the fact that the M20V27 engine designers was strongly defined, although it has a high torque indicator.

On our disassembly, you can buy such