SAE 75W90 Synthetic transmission oil. The right choice of transmission oil with the best indicators

Lubricating fluids in the vehicle are not only in force aggregates. Threaded parts are present in many components of cars, so the use of different kinds of oils is inevitable. Quite often come across motor and transmission lubricants. As for the last option, it often arises questions in terms of characteristics and viscosity, due to which the choice is hampered.

Popular lubricant

One of the most popular lubrications for the transmission is all-season oil 75W90. It is used by most motorists, since it is different high levels protection of parts, an enlarged temperature range, as well as unique fluidity properties. Replacing lubricants for the manual transmission and the leading bridge occurs much less and less frequently than in the case of a motor, the more important to choose a good durable option.

What is "75W90"?

Acquaintance with transmission oils should always be started with viscosity. Decoding SAE. 75W90 is quite simple. In the title three parts, each of which makes it possible to learn about certain properties of the fluid. It begins with the SAE abbreviation, which translated from English means: "Community of automotive engineers." This organization first introduced the classification of motor and viscosity class, which is used to this day.

Goes after SAE code 75w. It shows that when using this fluid in winter, problems with operation should not be with the exception of very strong frosts. It is impossible to specify exactly the minimum temperature threshold, since manufacturers often deviate from the community indicators.

As a result, the average value of this parameter, in which the presenter bridge, and the gearbox is working properly, and the mixture does not freeze, is about -40 degrees.

The last part is the number 90 at the end of the code. It makes it possible to understand when it is possible to use transmission oils 75W90 without loss of viscosity, density and fluidity. There is a serious scatter in this indicator in lubricants of various manufacturers, so we do not have to talk about exact numbers.

Nevertheless, on average, they are all designed to work at a temperature not higher than 35 degrees.

Thus, SAE 75W90 oils are designed to lubricate leading bridges and gearboxes under weather conditions that range from -40 to 35 degrees. You can use them in zones with almost any climate (with the exception of territories with extremely high or low temperature indicators).

Features of oil

The characteristics of the lubricant fluid dependely depend on the class of viscosity, but also from its composition. Regarding the latter it is worth noting that the most popular and qualitative option is. It is capable of providing the highest possible protection against the wear of the MCPP parts and the leading bridge, creating an oil film on their surfaces, filling irregularities and enveloping intact sections.

Another task of this lubricant is to improve the quality of the gearbox. This applies primarily to the smoothness.

Due to its viscosity, it is easily and evenly distributed in detail, compensating for friction and replacing it to slide. Due to this manual transmission, it works silently and efficiently.

In addition, it allows you to increase heat exchange between oil and processed components: the latter during overheating give part of its energy of a colder fluid.

As for the semi-synthetic mixtures, they are not recommended to use them often. The fact is that mineral components can contribute to the gearbox. Moreover, liquids this type Have less resistance to frosts, while synthetics reacts perfectly with the cold itself, and sharp differences.

Tests of oils

On the market supplies You can find a large number of most different oils.

Of course, at random to take and try this or that option does not want, because in case of error it will have to stay for a long time without vehicleIn addition, having received serious cash costs.

therefore the best decision - see the results of independent tests automotive experts. There are quite a lot of such studies, but in general they give approximately the same results: only validation samples are changing.

The main task, as a rule, is the study of viscosity at extremely low temperatures, because -40 degrees is only an approximate average value. In the meantime, not only the operation of the transmission depends on this indicator, but also fuel consumption. There are oils from different price categories. As a rule, the cost ranges from 400 to 1300 rubles per liter.

The test samples are placed in conditions of reduced temperature. The most accurate test of transmission oils 75W90 will be carried out in natural frost (Siberian and Northern regions), it will allow to obtain accurate information about fluid behavior in practice. As a rule, the thermometer column is lowered up to 45-50 degrees below zero, as it allows you to learn the minimum threshold of lubrication.

It was tested quite a large number of oil models from various manufacturers. If you analyze a number of studies, it can be argued that some of the best are liquids from Castrol and Motul. They consistently withstand the differences before the fifty degrees of frost. Keep the viscosity with the standard threshold to -40 degrees lubrication of the Shell, Ravenol and Liqui Moly.. The popular oil transmission Zic 75W90 begins to stack a little earlier, so in the climate conditions sharply continental it is better not to use it. The same applies to the liquids of ENEOS and MITASU manufacturers.

Conclusion

Thus, transmission oils are one of the most important liquids in the car engine. They allow you to reliably protect the details of the leading bridges and gearboxes, making the speed switches smooth and easy. Before purchasing lubricant, you need to study various reviews and tests in order not to harm your vehicle.

Transmission oil is one of the important conditions for the reliable operation of any vehicle. It is intended to protect gear shift boxes, dispensing boxes, gearboxes, main gears of leading bridges, from overheating, bully, wear, corrosion. The most versatile and popular material is transmission oil 75W90.

What does 75W90 marking, what properties of this type of liquids and how to choose it? We will understand below.

The role of oil in transmission

Before analyzing the characteristics of oils, it is necessary to understand what tasks it performs. The liquid in the transmission is designed to lubricate movable elements of gearboxes, gearboxes, dispensing boxes, etc. It forms a protective layer on the friction surfaces, which reduces wear, prevents the formation of scaling and other deformations.

Another important function of oil is heat removal. For example, in the process of gear gear in the checkpoint, a lot of heat is distinguished. Overheating gearbox usually leads to serious faults and overhaul Total aggregate. The transmission fluid absorbs excessive heat and cools the nodes.

In addition, the oil should protect the elements of the transmission from corrosion and reduce the noise that occurs during the operation of the aggregate.

75W-90 marking value

Oil viscosity - one of the most important indicators transmission oil. For the convenience of choosing a society of automotive engineers (SAE - Society of Automotive Engineers), a standard was developed for which all oils are separated by viscosity into separate groups.

Seasonal (summer, winter) and all-season transmission fluids. On the label summer Oil You can find a digital designation from 80 to 250. In winter oils The letter "W" is added to the numbers (Winter - Winter). They are designated as 70W, 75W, 80W, 85W. All-season fluids have a double designation, for example, oil 75W90. Deciphered this as follows

75W denotes oil fluidity at negative temperatures. Thanks to this parameter, it is possible to determine at what low temperature fluid will perform its functions. For 75W-90 oil, it is -40 ° C. The second number is a summer viscosity indicator. It denotes at what maximum temperature ambient At 100 ° C will operate oil. For 75W-90 oil, it is +35 ° C.

Properties of oils

In addition to SAE, transmission oils can be classified by API. This standard indicates a comprehensive estimate of the fluid, depending on its operational properties. By API Oil are divided into the following groups:

• GL-1. This includes liquids based on mineral oil without additives or with antipid and anticoxial additives. They do not contain contamaged components. Used in spiral-conical, worm and cylindrical gears, which operate at low loads and speeds
• GL-2. Applied in worm gears of the level GL-1, but with higher requirements for antifriction characteristics. The composition of such liquids may include an anti-friction component.
• GL-3. Transmission oils with high additives. Hold higher anti-wear properties than GL-2. Apply in steering mechanisms, stepped gearboxes, hypoid and main gears with low displacement, spiral-conical transmissions that work at moderate speeds and loads
• GL-4. Transmission oils with high additives. The composition necessarily includes highly efficient anti-infose components. Used in medium-generated mechanical PPC, spiral conical gears and hypoid transmissionswho work with a small torque
• GL-5. Used in heavily loaded hypoid transmissions that work at high speeds. Contain in its composition a large number of gray-phosphorous contamination additive
• GL-6. Used in hypoid transmissions that work at high shock loads, speeds and torque. Contain a large number of nasal gray-phosphorus additives. Currently practically not used.

Today at modern cars Oils are used only two categories: SAE 75W90 GL-4 and GL-5. In Russia, these groups are called TM-4 and TM-5. Also on the market there are universal fluids GL-4/5. They can be used at different loads in various mechanisms.

Difference between GL-4 and GL-5

The most important difference between GL 4 75W 90 and GL 5 75W90 in the application area. GL-4 oils are designed to work in a gearbox with hypoid and conical gear transmissions. The oil temperature in such aggregates does not exceed +150 ° C, and the contact voltage is not higher than 3000 MPa.

GL5 liquids are used in hypoid transmissions that operate during shock loads. These aggregates work with contact voltage over 3000 MPa. The oils of this category are used in the checkpoint with the differential of elevated friction and provide a high degree of protection during heavy loads and high temperatures.

It is unacceptable to pour oil GL-5 to the unit where the liquid is prescribed below the class. This is due to the concentration of the gray-phosphoric anti-plating additive. It forms a protective layer on the surfaces, superior to the strength of soft metals, of which the CAT synchronizers under GL-4 are manufactured. If the GL-5 liquid is pouring into such an unit, then this additive will destroy the nodes and clogging the gearbox lubrication system with copper chips.

Basic oil selection criteria

When choosing, you need to navigate not only on the brand and the price of products. Most important performance features liquids. Oil must perform its functions in a specific operating temperature range. There must also be the maximum difference between the ignition temperature and the frosure temperature.

The critical load indicator should be high. The more this indicator, the better oil. The same with the Zadira index. The welding load should not be at least 3000 N. If this indicator is lower, then at elevated loads, the oil will not be able to perform its functions.

The wear indicator is prescribed only in the oils of the GL-5 group. It does not exceed 0.4 mm in high-quality fluid.

Synthetic or semi-synthetic?

On store shelves can be found both synthetic transmission oils and semi-synthetic. Synthetic, among all types of lubrication, has the best characteristics:

• High viscosity index
• Long service
• Resistance to oxidation
• Low evapoability
• Hydrolytic stability
• Saving viscosity at negative temperatures

The only thing that is a stop factor when choosing synthetic oil is a high price. That is why most motorists prefer more affordable semi-synthetic, which is slightly inferior to the synthetics, and its cost is lower by 15-30%.

Popular oils 75W-90

Synthetic transmission oil of Korean production. It is applied in mechanical gearbox leading bridges, compatible with synchronized transmissions. It has excellent low-temperature properties.

The oil perfectly protects the nodes of the transmission from wear, increases their service life, compatible with sealing materials, has high antifriction properties and affordable price.

Synthetic liquid aPI class GL-4. It has high anti-promotional properties compared with the materials of the same category. It is used in mechanical gearbox, gearboxes in a block with a leading bridge and other nodes where GL-5 oils are required.

The oil has very high lubricant properties, perfectly protects against wear and does not lose its characteristics at high and low temperatures. The only minus of the liquid is a high price.

All-season semi-synthetic liquid of German production. Refers to the class of oils GL-4/5. It is used in most transmission units: synchronized and non-synchronized gearboxes, gearboxes with hypoid gearing, etc.

The oil is suitable for all types of drives, has excellent lubricating properties, high heat resistance and anti-corrosion properties, has affordable price. The fluid does not tolerate the excess of the resource, therefore needs a strict replacement interval.

Semi-synthetic oil russian productionintended for transmissions of passenger and truckswhich requires the GL-5 oil oil. It is manufactured from domestic synthetic and mineral oils with the addition of an import package of additives.

It has a high degree of protection of transmission nodes at high speeds, heavy and shock loads, prevents wear and corrosion, suitable for use in hypoid transmissions, has a low cost. TNK oil is not recommended to fill in the manual transmission, where synchronizers are made of non-ferrous metals.

In order to properly choose a transmission oil for your car, no special skills are required. It is enough to read the information on the package, based on which you can understand whether the liquid is suitable for your transmission.

The article on how to choose the right to select transmission oil, in which the fundamental difference different species liquids from each other. At the end of the article - the video about what transmission oil is better.

The content of the article:

Practice shows that all drivers know about transmission oil, but do not distinguish its types and functional characteristics And confused in use for different vehicles of the car. Someone picks up oil by samples and mistakes, someone focuses on the advice of acquaintances, someone completely trusts their vehicle to specialists of technical services. Worse, not everyone understands the letter and digital designation on the label in which the purpose of one or another oil is concluded.

But not every car part belonging to the transmission should be lubricated by oil. For front-wheel drive cars, automakers advise not to use non-transmission, but engine oil. And no of these oils are suitable for automatic transmission due to a peculiar design. For "automata" it is recommended to acquire ATF - a special minus liquid.

Types of oils

Oils are:

• synthetic having the highest price that is synthesized from chemicals. Usually used for mechanical boxes and leading bridges are suitable for cold climate and large loads;
• semi-synthetic have an additive from additives that increase the operational capabilities of the car. They are universal, suitable for most of the aggregates, have high protective and antifriction qualities;
• mineral, representing the most budget version of the recycled petroleum product on the mineral base. Create an elastic oil film on the details, protecting against dirt and wear, racks to oxidation and have a good viscosity.

Marking

The SAE abbreviation on the label speaks of the viscosity of the oil - one of the main characteristics of this liquid. With a properly selected viscosity index, it contributes to uninterrupted lubrication of the mechanisms and nodes, extending their life, increases the efficiency of the transmission, allows you to touch even in a harsh frost and reduces the fuel consumption. Excessive viscosity deprives the liquid of its lubricating properties.

The presence of the letter W in the title indicates the possibility of an extractional use of oil. So, the labeling SAE 75W90 will tell about the characteristics of this type of oil the following:

• number 75 - the degree of fluidity at minus temperatures;
• the figure 90 is the viscosity index calculated from the reference temperature of 100 degrees.

If after "w" will not stand the figure, this suggests that the fluid is intended for use in the winter season. In the absence in the marking designation of this letter, the oil should be spent only in the summer.

The degree of viscosity is too important criterion in the process of acquiring transmission oil to neglect them. For example, the synthetic liquid of the above marking when the temperature decreases up to - 40 degrees will have such a viscosity index, which possesses mineral water at the maximum frost in -12 degrees.

In the northern regions, this difference will very seriously affect the operation of the car: with one oil of its speed will be switched instantly, with another - after the application of certain efforts.

According to the climatic peculiarities of the regions of our country, oil can be divided into geographical destination:

• sAE with numbers from 140 and above are ideal for southern regions;
• according to SAE, about 90 are ideal all-season species for a temperate continental strip;
• 75W-90 will protect the cars in the most severe frosts.

Oils intended for transmission nodes are chosen based on the following parameters:

• loads rendered on the mechanism;
• slip speed in contact teeth.

Based on these criteria, the oil of the desired viscosity is selected for each car, complemented by appropriate additives.

The driver should not be afraid of the presence of sulfur compounds present in a number of additives. The chemical impact on the metal is insignificant compared to the level of reducing the wear of the parts they reach.

IN cars Traditionally flood the two most common types of oils: GL-4, GL-5 - for imported classification, which, according to Russian labeling, pass as TM-4 and TM-5. There is also a universal class of GL-4/5 oils suitable for different types of gear.

The GL-5 class is also divided by type depending on viscosity:

• 85W-90 - such marking belongs to thick mineral oils, like LUKOIL TM-5-18;
• 80w-90 - mineral, but less dense oillike mobilmobilube hd;
• 75W-90 is synthetics or semi-synthetic medium thickness.

Differences GL4 and GL-5:

GL4 is used for a conical gear, as well as a hypoid gearbox, nodes and parts of the leading bridge, the maximum load on which does not exceed normal.

GL5 - already works with hypoid, but high-speed transmissions forced to test high loads and temperatures.

The very diverse factors affect the health of the vehicle, the main of which is the state of the transmission, engine and body. For the performance of these mechanisms, the owner of the car is fully replied, from whose actions and whose choice will depend on the life of its vehicle.

One of the most important tasks of the car owner - to choose and change the transmission oil to competently and timely.

The semi-synthetic fluids have the perfect balance of price and quality, including the best of mineral and synthetic oils. They regularly fulfill their destination:

1. Guarantee the stability of the operation of the transmission under conditions of low temperatures;
2. Increase the service life of the gearbox;
3. Provide due efficiency in various temperature modes.

Based on this data, it turns out that the most rational choice will be the oil 75W90, and the GL-5 with its level of protection, even at high loads and pressure exceeds GL-4.

Additive

Serious-phosphoric additives protect the details of the transmission by creating a special protective coating - a peculiar coverage of wear. But at the same time, the consistency of this coverage is such that the copper surfaces and other soft parts exceeding the density. This leads to the fact that over time the protective layer itself is flashed, and the parts made from soft metal.

Therefore, manufacturers of transmission oils pay attention to motorists to the fact that some fluids are not recommended for synchronized gearboxes. Their use will not reduce, but contributes to the enhanced wear of the synchronizers made from copper.

The ability to replace one oil to another

It is said above that GL-4 works with boxes working at moderate speeds and loads, and GL-5 with elevated.

But this is not a fundamental difference. The additives in GL-5 have such high anti-promotional properties that are not combined with synchronizers in the gearbox. The use of GL-5 will cause an unpleasant grinding in the gearbox mechanism, which, with further use of this liquid, the mechanism will fully derive from the working state.

The subspecies of GL-4 and GL-5, announced as universal, in practice are much worse than their appointment than their cleaner representatives.

In the case when the transmission oil does not change the auto owner itself, and employees of the service center, in addition to the gearbox, can pour fluid and leading bridges.

What effects do it entails? The owner can hear unnecessary noise and detect the current car seat. This is due to the fact that a small volume of the container, where the fluid has shown the pump, forces it or affect the bearing, or to flow through the gland. Therefore, it is so important to relate to the oilfilled oil attentively: GL-4 should be destined exclusively for the gearbox, and GL - 5 for aggregates and nodes located in leading bridges.

The conclusions obtained as a result of the analysis of various transmission oils turned out to be as follows:

1. In the category of the most optimal all-season fluid, the first place was obtained by SAE 75W90, equally qualitative in any climatic conditions and with any variation of temperatures.
2. The hypoid transmission oil SAE 80W90 has good characteristics, and proven itself in the heat, and in the winter.
3. Not so fundamental view of oil is mineral, synthetic or semi-synthetic. The characteristics of each particular fluid, purpose, the viscosity index and the presence and the properties of the additives present in it are more important.

Therefore, car owners should not be deceived by the statement that all transmission oils are the same. The flooded agent will either extend the life of the vehicle, or in a matter of time will do it not workable.

An outstanding amount, usually car enthusiasts are confident that this is a lubricant of acceptable quality. You can try to go even further and choose such a liquid that would come up and specific model The car, and the money was not superdowed.

Transmission classes

GL lubricants belong to hypoid. That is, they are lubricated and separate gearboxes of such domestic cars of cars, like "Zhiguli", "Niva", "Volga". For trucks, of course, it will also work, but it will be too expensive.

The most common has 75W90 class viscosity. In the number of exceptions included the oils of the "Castrol" brand. The lineage includes lubricants 85W90 and more liquid 80W90. In addition, there was a transmission oil 75W140 near the GL 5 75W90. This last viscosity option is not very suitable for russian cars. It is usually poured on the rear and all-wheel drive versions, as well as in the model with a blocked differential. They will most likely serve perfectly on the "patrol" or "lend-cruiser", and for domestic will be too thick. It makes no sense to pour them with normal mode. But if the rear bridges "Put", then they can approach them as a lubricant.

But if an inexpensive mineral water is perfectly coping with its functions, why spend extra money on the synthetics?

Transmission oils of different viscosity

Among motor oils Fully artificial synthetic base has long won the greatest popularity. For them applies to the majority lubricating fluids On a synthetic basis, you can use a whole year. Even with very low temperature indicators, they will produce good functional results. For example, if you compare mineral glass 85W90 with negative twelve degrees with synthetics 75W140 in the frost with forty degrees, the result by viscosity will be almost indistinguishable. And if they are placed in one temperature mode on -20 degrees, the result will be different in 30-50 times. This is very serious. It turns out that in one case the engine will begin barely, and in the other - almost as in the warm season.

Tests of lubricating fluids

Advantages will reveal even more if they taste them under extreme conditions. At strong loads, lubricating fluids become more liquid. Therefore, appropriate tests were carried out. Of course, it was expected that those that have a higher quality, here will behave better and show the most persistent results. So it happened.

Clear the result will be visible in numbers. The load of welding on the usual 4-ball friction machine detects the ability to keep a critical load. On it, oil is divided into groups. So, GL 3 has a minimum value of 2760H, transmission oil 75W90 - GL 4 - 3000H, and GL 5 - 3280H.

Test results

And the test results were as follows. The cheapest viscosity oils 85W90 had from 2607 to 4635n. The average of them is 3827n. It would seem, it exceeds even GL 5. But let's look further. AvtoVAZE requires transmission with an indicator above 3483N, and AZLK - 3924N. To meet such requirements, the result is no longer seen excellent.

Other tested oil had a viscosity of 80W90. Its average of its value gave the number 4122n, which is already significantly better. Even more good result showed transmission oil 75W90. Here the values \u200b\u200branged from 3685 to 5204n, and the average gave 4508n, which, of course, was delighted.

The best results, of course, were given viscosity 75W140. However, such a transmission is hardly necessary for everyone.

So what oil to fill?

Summarizing the foregoing, it can be concluded that if the operation of the vehicle is assumed at a temperature not lower than -12 degrees, then it is quite possible to do with an oil with a class of viscosity 85W90. This is the most inexpensive option, and domestic production will be completely cheap.

If the temperature in the area lowers up to 26 degrees of frost, then it is necessary to purchase an oil 80W90. With him, with such a mark, the car will feel more confident.

Well, and transmission oil 75W90, the reviews about which can be found in the network very often, and even more so the class of viscosity 75W140, already remains for lovers of an extreme ride. Of course, the price of it will be higher.

Having calculated the required amount (for example, on "Zhiguli" - rear axle There is about three liters of about three liters) and comparing with a kilometer (on the same brand the replacement requires every 60,000 km), every car enthusiast can calculate how much oil will cost him for money, and on the basis of this data it is possible to make a choice.

If we talk about the specific brands of transmission lubricants, you can mark several foreign oils that showed good results:

• Wellrun showed a record for the load of welding.
• LiQui Moli is an absolute record for cold resistance.
• Castrol 75W140 is the best result of resistance to overheating.
• Spectrol Synax (Domestic Mark) was put in all standards, but before the overestimated requirements did not reach.