Motor connection circuit from washing. Motor connection circuit from washing machine and their types

12.06.2021

In washing machines, automation is most often out of order, in second place bearings and rubber products. The engine is the most reliable node, it is used in the manufacture of various domestic machines. But for this you need to be able to change the direction of rotation and adjust the speed.

What is needed

The toggle switch with two groups of contacts 220 at 15 A, you can purchase it on.
Volume regulator 400 W 220V 50 Hz, also take on.
The electric motor from the automatic washing machine, is suitable for almost any brand.
Segments of wires of various colors, preferably blue (zero) and brown (phase).
It will take the tape, to install a powerful radiator, buy a new and tube heat-conducting paste.
To check the connection scheme, it is recommended to use an ordinary tester or at least an indicator.

Engine connection

Carefully inspect the exclusion terminals of the engine. There are six conclusions on it: two contacts go to the speed of revolutions (tackle) and two contacts with rotor and stator windings.

We do not need a tachometer, we do not touch it, you only need to connect the engine.

All single-phase engines of this type are connected equally. The output of the stator winding must be attached to the entrance of the rotor winding. The remaining two ends join zero and phase. There is no difference, what kind of winding will be the first and which is the second.

Determine the winding outputs on the connector. You need to use the tester, one contact is constantly holding on the terminal, and the second in turn apply to the rest. If the device has shown a short circuit, then two terminals are attached to one winding.
In our case, the lower and the second contact is connected to one winding, and the second terminal above the lower and third above. Accordingly, we need to jumper to connect the second and third upper contacts. Make a jumper and compound. To warranty, again, call again, now you have a short one to show between the two remaining terminals.

To the other remaining, attach the voltage of 220 V, if everything is normal - the engine will start rotating.

Connecting reverse.

As mentioned above, to change the direction of rotation, it is necessary to change the connection between the windings between themselves.

And the engine will start rotating in the other side. Check the connection correctly, change the wires of the wire on the terminal bar according to the scheme described, turn on the voltage. The direction of rotation of the engine must change to the opposite.

The contact for which the phase was served is to connect to the input of the second winding. The voltage falls on the liberated terminal, the position of the zero does not change. Changing the connection order can be done by clicking a toggle.

Turn the toggle to go up, on the bottom there is no designation of each output and a diagram of their connection in the left and right position of the switch.
To facilitate understanding, draw the elementary connection scheme: two windings and two switch contacts. Average contacts in turns are joined / disconnected to two side. Connection elementary.

Connect one winding with extreme bottom contact and tie it with an extreme upper jumper. Connect the second winding to the middle terminal, thus, in our example, the stator winding will be connected.

Now it has been to connect the rotor. One toggle contact must be connected to the output of the rotor winding, and the second is directly to the zero power supply.
If everything is clear, then proceed to the connection. Make diagonals jumpers between extreme terminals. One average output of the toggler is connected to zero, and the second to the second winding.
Attach all the wires and check the correctness of the scheme. Average contacts: one to zero nutrition, the other to the winding of the stator. The second end of this winding is connected immediately to the power phase (brown wire).
Contacts on diagonals should have jumpers, the wires from them go to the second winding (rotor). Before switching on, be sure to check the short circuit change tester when switching a toggle.

Carefully insulate the contacts, check the engine functionality. When switching, the direction of rotation should change. It is strictly forbidden to change the direction of movement until the rotor stops.

Roll controller, my refinement

If you bought inexpensive Chinese products, it is necessary to make a revision of the device. Remove stuffing from the housing and pay attention to the Simistor. At best, on it a very small radiator, which cannot effectively distinguish heat. In the worst case, there is nothing at all.

At the new radiator, cut the M3 thread, adjust it to the length of the case. Fold the surface of the simistor thermal and secure the prepared radiator. Collect the regulator.

Connect the regulator

Inspect the device. Rear on the case there is a plank with connectors and a plug with terminals. Each contact is signed.

Find at the inlet zero, phase and earth (if you have grounding in the house). It connects to them, in our case zero and phase (no land).
Now you have to find the yield and phases from the regulator. On the lid there must be a detailed scheme with an appointment of each output wire and its color.
On a purchased regulator Yellow - Earth, two blue - on a tachometer sensor, red - phase. White and green interchangeable, but for this it is necessary to change the position of the jumper. In our case, green is involved. The connection to the nickname of the conclusions by the tester is determined.
Connect the blue wires to the engine terminal. On the example, zero (green) is attached to the middle terminal of the toggler, and the phase (brown) winding contact is connected. Yellow wires on the terminal box are attached to the tachometer. Submit voltage to the speed controller and check the engine operation in all modes and speeds.

On the device case there is a special hole for adjusting the rotation modes by a variable resistor. With it, the rotation step is changing, the rotation of the rotor will begin not by a jerk, but almost from scratch. Set the desired modes.

Conclusion

Any electrical work should be done in strict accordance with PUE. If you can not decipher these three letters without the help of the Internet, then you should not risk your health.

If you have a motor from a washing machine, you can come up with how to use it. For example, you can make a sharpening machine from it. If you fix a special nozzle in the form of a round grinder, then you can sharpen knives, scissors, ax and other tools.

You can also apply the electric motor from the washing machine and in construction. For example, when creating a foundation for the future at home, you can make a "vibrator" from it, which is useful when shrinking a concrete solution. You can also apply it for other purposes. The engine can rotate various nozzles and drive any mechanisms.

Using your fantasy and skills in such affairs, you can come up with a wide variety of ways to use the electric motor. And of course, in the embodiment of any option to use this motor, you need to connect it.

How to connect an electric motor of a modern washing machine?

If you need to connect the electric motor of the modern washing machine to the network of alternating voltage of two hundred twenty volts, then the features of this part should be taken into account. Their features are as follows:

They do not need a launcher.
For launch, you do not need a starting capacitor.

To start, we need to need to connect the wires on the engine. Two white wires that are located on the left, we will not use. They are needed to measure the revolutions of the electric motor. The next time is the red wire. He goes to the stator winding. Behind him is a brown wire. He is also aimed at one of the stator windings. Gray and green wires are connected to engine brushes.

In order to present you a connection scheme more clearly, we have prepared the following scheme:

To one of the winding conclusions, we connect one wire 220 volts. On the following plug, one of the brushes. The remaining brush of the engine washing machine connect the second wire 220 volts. So, as shown in the diagram below:

After that, you can turn on the engine to the network 220 and check its performance. If you do everything right, you will see how the moving part of the motor rotates and hear the noise of its work. If everything went fine, then the engine is ready for use. By the way, with such a connection, it moves in one direction. And what needs to be done to change the directions of rotation? See the diagram:

As you see from a schematic display in the figure above, in order to change the direction of rotation, we needed to change the places of connecting the electric motor brushes. After reconnecting the engine again, check its performance by connecting it to the 220 volt network.

By the way, in order to facilitate you a job, we decided to add a video instruction. In which the entire process of connecting the engine from the washing machine to electricity is described.

The method of connecting a motor from a modern machine in this article is based on the material that is presented in this video. Therefore, thank the author of this video and let's see it very carefully:

How to connect a motor old machine?

Correct the motor's motor correctly is not so simple. But if you know how this is done, it will not deliver problems.

First, we need to find two pairs of output. In order to understand where they are, we can use the multimeter (tester). We choose one of the winding conclusions and connect the tester proscius to it. The remaining diploma of the multimeter we will check other conclusions to find a pair.

So we find the first pair. Those two conclusions that remained, form another pair. Now we need to understand where the launcher and working winding. To do this, measure resistance. The launcher will be more.

Scheme

And so, we have already found a working and starting winding. Now we can connect the engine using a schematic pattern that you see next to. The diagram shows:

By - launcher. It is needed in order to create an initial torque in any side.
OV - excitation winding. It is called the working winding. It is needed to create a magnetic field of rotation.
SB - switch (button) for short-term power on to the power grid in two hundred twenty volts.

If there is a need to change the side in which the motor rotation will be directed, you need to change the conclusions in places. With such a change, the direction of rotation to change to the opposite.

When you spend a trial connection and starting the engine, do not forget to take care of your safety and the safety of others. Be sure to lock the electric motor. This will prevent its strength vibrations and extra movements.

We hope that this entry helped you cope with the independent connection of the washing machine. Continue to read our website and a good day!

Good motors are in washing machines, even when the latter fails and ejected - the engines are left and later used in the economy (for example, for mini-machine). Here a typical engine from the washing machine machine (new and old-type) and a diagram of its separate connection to 220 V. was considered, but first allow you to lay out a bit of a boring theory, which can be passed to the second, practical, part of the article.

Electric motor theory by 220 V

Asynchronous motors for a single-phase network are mainly engines with two-phase windings and with an auxiliary phase taken from the condenser. Such motors are used in household appliances. This engine is used, in particular, in the drive of the washing machine. In addition to motors with a two-phase winding, high-phase winding motors are sometimes used in some other household appliances.

The engine during direct launch can be obtained from the current current significantly exceeding its nominal value. This current is called a starting current of the engine, and its value varies in the area IR \u003d 5-7in.

One of the ways to reduce the start current is the use of a triangle star switch. The engine intended for the operation of the stator in the triangular turning on with a given network voltage is turned on in the star system at the time of launch:

Due to the reduced voltage of the stator winding incoming to the phase and changes from the triangle of the current to the current of the current, taken from the network, will decrease three times compared with the starting current in the triangular scheme. However, when connected to a star, the engine is three times less than the starting point, which makes it impossible to use this method during a heavy start (with a large load).

Condenser for electric motor

For small engines (<1 кВт), значение пускового конденсатора может быть определено из соотношения:

C [ICF] \u003d (1800 x PN) / U2

where Pn [W] is the rated power of the engine, u [in] - supply voltage.

This formula is also suitable for calculating the value of the starting capacitor for single-phase engines with an initial phase.

For larger engines (\u003e 1 kW), a capacity of about 70 μF / 1 kW is assumed. It is necessary to use launcher capacitors with operating stresses 400..630 in AC.

You can omit the calculations and simply connect the standard engine from the washer to 1 phase 220 V through the 7 microfrad condenser included between the necessary terminals. By the middle, connect the first wire of the power grid, and the second, depending on the direction of rotation to one of the condenser. Power drop will be 30% - it is in theory.

The question of choosing a capacitor is solved easily. Here are examples of tank values \u200b\u200bfor different engine power.

PN. [W] 90 120 180 250 370 550 750 1100
FROM [ICF] 4 5 6 8 12 16 20 30

The power of rotation in the washing machine in both directions is the same. These are motors with a typical connection for a single-phase motor. The main winding is connected directly to 220 V and parallel it is connected to the phase winding together with the connected condenser. If you turn the wire winding wires, the engine will switch to the other side, but the power will be slightly smaller. This scheme works during spinning. The same for slow and fast rotations - the tank is switched inside the washer with 7 μF to 16 μF.

Connecting a motor motor

This engine contains two independent windings:

for synchronous speed of 3000 rpm - two-phase winding.

for synchronous speed 500 rpm - symmetric three-phase winding. The three-phase connection system allows you to change the rotation speed by switching the power of the winding.

The engine of the old type is usually 5 wires of black, blue, white, red and green. A series of measurements was carried out to determine the windings and resistance between them came out:

Blue-black 85 ohms
Blue-green 85 ohms
Black and green 80 ohms
White-blue 15 ohm
White-red 30 ohms

Connecting an old electric motor requires searching for a startup of startup using a multimeter.

By - initial winding. It is intended only for starting the engine and starts at the very beginning until the engine starts rotating.
OB - excitation winding. This is a working winding that works constantly and constantly rotates the engine.
SB - buttonWith which the voltage is fed to the starting coil and turns off when the engine is started.

Connecting the electric motor from the new washer

If you look at the terminal block with wires from the front, then usually the first two left wires are the wires-bid wires, thanks to which the rotation speed of the washing machine is measured and adjusts. We do not need them - crossed the cross.

In different models of washing machines, the wires differ in color, but the principle of the connection remains unchanged. You just need to find the necessary wires, nicking them with a multimeter.

The working tachogenerator in a calm state usually has a resistance of 50-100 ohms. You will immediately find these wires and disconnect them.

If you need to change the engine speed in the opposite direction, simply drag the jumper to other contacts. Look at the schemes like it looks.

Two contacts pass through brushes to rotor windings, and two other contacts go to the stator winding. The remaining contacts are a sensor for measuring the rotational speed of the motor. The rotor windings and the stator are connected consistently and changing the ends of one of the windings, you change the direction of rotation. Without an electronic regulator, the engine will accelerate to several thousand revolutions per minute (as at maximum annealing).

It's no secret that it is the engine from a washing machine that is the main component of the equipment. It contributes to the functioning of the drum, due to which things in it rotate and thus are lifted. It happens that the unit is already unsuitable for use, but the electric motor in it "as a new one." In this case, a domestic master has a question: can I connect it to another technique? Everything is possible, but first it is necessary to understand which engine was installed in your typewriter, and still study the connection scheme.

Varieties of devices

In the first modifications, the machines, a device that converted electrical energy into mechanical was equipped with a belt drive attached to Baku. To date, this technology is applied in most of the models, but more updated aggregates have evolved significantly. Thanks to the intensive development of technological processes, equipment operating from one of three types of motors appeared on sale:

collector;
asynchronous;
inverter.

Each option has a number of individual features associated with the design, starting and connecting the engine from the washing machine. Before you buy a home "assistant," these parameters should be taken into account.

Collector

More than 70% of household appliances have a collective engine. The peak of the popularity of the product was in 1990, but in the 2000s they almost completely replaced asynchronous devices. The product functions from a stable permanent or variable electric power. The package includes a stator, a rotor, a box, a tachogenerator, 2 brushes.

compact dimensions;
increased launch interval;
not sensitive to electricity drops;
speed-speed;
the ability to regulate the power of rotations.

The small operational period and the need for regular replacement of brushes. Also, highlighted an increased level of noise.

Asynchronous

Scheme of an asynchronous variety for checking winding

Available in two versions: two-phase and three-phase electric motors for a washing machine. Product package includes a fixed stator and a rotor that reproduces the revolutions by the drum. The power of rotation varies within 2800 rpm.

simple design features;
does not require regular maintenance;
reproduces low sound levels;
affordable price.

Large dimensions lowered efficiency. There may be significant difficulties in controlling electronic circuits.

Inverter

The product is developed by innovative technologies by the LG concern. But today this equipment is used by other firms, such as Haier, Samsung, etc. In the engine from the washing machine, the machine, as in the previous version, there is only a rotor and a stator. Despite this factor, it works on another principle. The drive element is mounted directly to the drum. Thus, the use of vulnerable fasteners is eliminated.

simple design;
relatively small dimensions;
reduced degree of vibration;
high percentage of efficiency;
no need for regular replacement of any details;
low noise.

The main disadvantage is the complex electronic engine connection diagram from the washing machine, due to which the manufacturers increase the price.

Before launching the electric motor from the washing machine, two important nuances should be remembered:

The equipment will not start when using the capacitor.
To connect, it is not necessary to apply a starting winding.

First of all, it should be decided which color of the wire for what is responsible:

2 white - measuring generator, they will not be required;
1 red and 1 brown - go to connect to the rotor and stator winding;
dark green and gray - used for editing to graphite cheeks.

It is necessary to be prepared for the fact that in various modifications of the motor from a washing machine, there may be wires that differ in shades. But this does not change the principle of accession.

To detect pairs, you follow every element to ring. The wires responsible for connecting to the measuring generator are resistance to 60-70 ohms, they should be removed to the side, having previously combined with a tape. Continue the transclon to detect the rest of the pairs.

How to deal with the connection of the aggregate?

Previously, before starting work, you should visually familiarize yourself with the electronic access circuit. The system of the device is quite simple and will be understood for any homework.

The electric motor from the washing machine is connected to an elementary way:

First you need to define the wires that proceed from the stator and the rotor.
By schematic parameters, the stator winding is combined with the rotor brush.
Make a jumper, which is denoted by raspberry and exhibit it with a tape.
The remaining 2 wires that protrude from the rotor winding and the remaining brush are joined by the power grid.

To avoid injury before starting hard, lock it on a solid surface. The fact is that when summing up technology to the electric network 220 V, it will immediately begin to reproduce the turnover. Thus, you will create a safe setting for test connection.

If you want to change the rotation direction, you just need to move the jumper to other contacts. To automate the on and off mode, it is sufficient to install on the appropriate keys.

Video: How to connect the engine from the washing machine to 220

Rollover regulator

Motors from washing machines a high speed of revolutions, which requires the installation of a special regulator, which will allow the units to switch to different mode of operation. For this task, the usual relay is perfect for setting the power of the light stream, but there will be some modifications.

Remove the Simistor with the radiator from the old Washingle, which is responsible for the operation of automated inclusion.
Sweep this detail in the device chip, previously removing the low-power device.

What could be fault?

Based on this information, any wizard easily cope with the task of connecting the equipment. But when you start the engine from a washing machine, a small incision may occur - the device will not respond to the inclusion. Let's try to figure out what is the reason.

When starting within one minute, check the temperature of the motor. Over a small period of time, heat will not spread to all components of the unit, so it is possible to determine where the rapid increase in temperature is happening - the bearing, the rotor or other spare parts.

The main causes of problems are considered:

destruction or zoom of the bearing assembly;
a sharp increase in the condenser reservoir (relevant exclusively for an asynchronous type of motor machine machine).

If one of the problems is discovered, it will take to buy spare parts and install them into the electric motor.

Video: Voltopolus controller with power maintenance (connection, configuration, test)

A homemade master in the economy often have to do what manually is not always easy and convenient. A variety of machines come to the rescue. But for you need a device that will be in motion, for example, an electric motor. But asynchronous three-phase motors, although simple in the device are very common, but it is not always possible to find and buy condensers for him. Therefore, you can use. In this article, we will look at the engine connection scheme from the washing machine to the network for direct rotation and reverse.

What motors are used in washing machines

Most washing machines use collector electric motors. They are convenient because they do not require starting and working capacitors, can directly connect to the network. In addition, the simplest revolver regulator can be bought in any electrical store.

The collector engine from the washing machine consists of:

Rotor with a collector;

Brush knot;

Tacogenerator or Hall Sensor.

To measure the speed of the engine and their regulation are used as time as tacogenerators or lining sensors. They are not used for the usual start from the engine from the 220V network, but needed to work with complex revolutions regulators that support power on the shaft regardless of its load (within the nominal, naturally).

Connection scheme

Initially, the engines from the washing machine are connected to the network using the terminal block. If it was not removed before you - when inspecting the engine, you will see a similar picture:

Order The location of the wires may differ, but mostly their purpose is:

2 wires from brushes;

2 or 3 Wires from the stator winding.

2 Wires from the speed sensor.

Note:

If you have three wires from the stator, then one of them is the average output, used to increase the revolutions in the pressure mode. Then if you found that one pair of wires gives resistance higher than another pair, then connecting to the ends with a large speed resistance will be less, but the torque is higher. And if you choose conclusions with less resistance, then on the contrary - the turns are higher, and the moment below.

Depending on the specific model on the block, contacts of some protection, such as thermal and so on, can be displayed. As a result, for simply connecting to the network, we will need four wires, for example, such:

Recall that most engines are the collector engines with consistent excitation. What does it mean? You need to connect the winding of the stator in series with the winding of the excitation, that is, with an anchor winding.

To do this, you need one end of the stator winding. Connect to a network wire, the second end of the stator winding connects with a wire of one of the brushes, and connect the second brush to the second network wire, this connection scheme is shown in the figure below.

Reverse

In practice, it happens that for use in the wall it is impossible to secure the engine in another plane, then you may not be suitable for the direction of rotation. No need to despair. To change the direction of rotation of the engine from the washing machine, you just need to switch the ends of the stator winding and the excitation winding.

To the process of switching the direction of engine rotation, you need to use the DPDT type toggle switch. These are six contact tunnels, in which there are two independent contact groups (two poles) and two positions in which the average contact is connected either with one or other extreme contact. Its internal diagram is shown above.

Motor connection diagram from washing machine with the possibility of switching the direction of rotation and is shown below.

You need to solder the wires from the brushes to the extreme contacts of the table, and to one of the middle contacts the wire from the stator winding, to the second - the network wire. The second end of the stator winding is also connected to the network. After that, you need to solder jumpers to the free two contacts "Cross-Low".

Adjusting turns

Turns of all collector engines are easily adjustable. To do this, change the current through the windings. You can do this by changing the supply voltage, for example, cutting off part of the phase by reducing the active voltage value. This method of adjustment is called a system of pulse-phase control (Sif).

In practice, you can use any 2.5-3 kW to adjust the engine from the washer. You can use a dimmer for lighting lamps, but in this case, replace the simistor on the BT138x-600 or BTA20-600BW, for example, or any other with a 10 fold of the current reserve relative to the motor consumption, unless of course it is enough. Connection diagram you see below.

But for the simplicity of decision you have to pay. Since we reduce the supply voltage, we limit the current. Accordingly, power decreases. However, when the engine loads, to maintain the specified turnover, it starts to consume a larger current. As a result, due to the reduced voltage, the engine will not be able to develop the maximum power, and its turnover will fall.

To avoid this, there are special fees that support the specified revs to receive feedback from the revolutions sensor. It is those wires that we did not use in the considered schemes. It works according to a similar algorithm:

1. Check the specified number of revolutions.

2. Read the sensor values \u200b\u200band save them to the register.

3. Comparison of sensor readings, real revolutions with specified.

4. If real revs match the specified - do nothing. If the revolutions do not match then:

If the revs are increased - we increase the angle of the phase of the sew phase to a certain value (lower the voltage, current and power);

If the revolutions are lowered - reduce the sequencing angle of the Sif phase (increase the voltage, current and power).

And so repeats in a circle. Thus, when you load the engine shaft - the system itself makes it possible to increase the voltage of the engine supplied to the engine or reduce it when the load increases.

It is not necessary to rush for the development of such, there are inexpensive ready-made solutions. An example of such a device is constructed. An example of a connection scheme you see below.

Here signatures indicate:

M - output to the engine.

AC - connection to the network.

T - Connecting to the Tank.

R0 is the regulator of current revolutions.

R1 - minimal revs.

R2 - Maximum turns

R3 - to adjust the scheme if the engine is unevenly running.

The diagram of the reduced board (to enlarge click on the picture):

Conclusion

Note that the collector, or as it is also called in the people, the brush engine from washing machines is quite high-breeding, in the region of 10,000-15000 rpm. This is due to its design. If you need to achieve small revolutions, for example, 600 rpm, use a belt or toothed gear. Otherwise, even with the use of a special regulator, you will not succeed in achieving normal operation.

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