CVTs Nissan. CVT RE0F10A (X-Trail, Qashqai) - differences and diagnostics

12.03.2021

More than ten years have passed since CVT transmissions ( hereinafter - CVT) began to be installed on Japanese cars Nissan. But time does not stand still and progress, too. More and more motorists prefer vehicles with a CVT. If you decide to purchase X Trail, it is better to read the reviews of the owners on the net right away - you will learn a lot of new things.

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CVT type and resource of its work

By SUV Nissan x-trail one of two types can be installed: RE0F06A or RE0F10A (JF011E). The latter are placed on the Nissan X-Trail and Qashqai J10. What is the difference between these types of CVT gearboxes? First of all, it is big technological process during the production of the mechanical part.

SUV Nissan X-Trail

The improved version of the CVT (RE0F10A) differs from its predecessor in that the variator pulleys are lighter, and the drive pulley has become single-piston. The company's engineers increased the pressure in the drive pulley circuit to 60 kg / cm. Note the improved external processing frequency, which reduces the likelihood of adhesion transmission fluid and foaming it.

The range of gear ratios was expanded in the system, the system was completely redone hydraulic control... To reduce losses, the pressure is independently regulated on the drive and driven pulleys. Prior to this, the pressure was adjusted on both pulleys. A chain drive appeared in the structure of the unit as a result of transferring the oil pump to the sump.

User manual

As a result of the increased pressure, the temperature of the transmission fluid also increased. Therefore, the employees of the auto concern equipped the CVT system with an air cooling radiator. At the same time, the engineers added an oil heater. For what? When the driver starts the engine, the temperature, of course, does not match the workload and the loads are also too high.

In such cases, the car owner believes that it is possible to warm up the transmission by pressing the gas pedal, but in this case the steel chain will rub against the cones and scratch them. This will break the circuit, but before that, metal dust from it will clog the system.

X-Trail car interior

The problem is not that the workers of the manufacturing enterprise, out of nothing to do, decided to add more "hemorrhoids" to the car. It's just that domestic motorists mostly ignore the manufacturer's instructions for use. It is enough to warm up the car to a safe temperature before driving (20 degrees Celsius) to prevent the elements from rubbing against each other. Accordingly, the likelihood of the appearance of metal shavings in the variator will decrease.

If you start the engine in winter

In the cold season, the engine warms up for idle(at neutral speed). If the outside temperature is below zero, the box will not warm up in "neutral", as a result it will have to be warmed up while driving. Of course, at a cold checkpoint, you will not be able to immediately go in the usual mode. There is a trick for this, which could be read about in the instruction manual for the vehicle.

Excerpt from the instruction: to warm up the variator automatic transmission, start the engine, and with the brake pedal depressed, switch the speed to the "D" or "R" mode. You need to hold the gas pedal and let the car run - this will warm up both the engine and the gearbox.

In the Nissan X-Trail, it is important not to run an oil change. The service life of the transmission fluid should not exceed 60 thousand km, but if you do not adhere to the operating rules, then it is better to change the ATF every 50 thousand km. Note that after changing the fluid using the scanner, you need to reboot the oil aging counter. Otherwise, the pressure in the system will be non-standard and the resource of the variator will be reduced. To check how much transmission fluid is in the box, you need to use the dipstick.

Variator from Nissan X Trail on a pallet

Common breakdowns and methods of their elimination

Here is a list of symptoms that indicate abnormal CVT operation:

the car starts to slip on flat road(no dirt and snow);
on the X-Trail instrument panel the gearbox emergency mode light is on;
the car slows down, while a noise is heard from the box;
the speed does not switch or switches with difficulty;
the power of the car disappears (when the gas pedal is pressed, the engine hums, as if on "neutral");
vibration of the box (systematic or periodic);
when switching speeds, the car begins to twitch, troit.

Noise

A common CVT breakdown is bearing failure. If they have already worked out their resource, the driver will hear noise or hum from the box. This problem arises no earlier than with a run of 50 thousand km. How much is it? Replacing elements at a service station will cost no less than 35 thousand rubles (about 10 thousand hryvnia).

CVT Nissan X-Trail Exploded View

There are a number of reasons for bearing noise. This can be the ingress of wear products into the variator system. In this case, don't rely on the two magnet oil filters that your CVTs are equipped with. Because they will not prevent metal dust from entering the transmission fluid.

Some "craftsmen" advise to reduce the frequency of ATF replacement to 30 thousand km in order to avoid destruction and increase the service life of the bearings. But, early replacement of the fluid (after 30 thousand kilometers instead of 50 thousand) does not affect the service life of the bearings.

Loss of power

If there is a problem, then you have never changed the oil in an automatic transmission, or have done it for a long time. Then an urgent fluid change is needed with a complete flush of the system. Here it is important to get rid of all wear products in the variator, otherwise the car will lose traction on the road from time to time. How much shavings and dust are in the gearbox, you can see the fluid drain from it.

Emergency mode

First, check if there is oil in the car. Perhaps there was a transmission fluid leak, and its absence in the automatic transmission will lead to a complete failure of the unit. Then you have to shell out a tidy sum to buy a new CVT.

X-trail under the hood

Jerky riding

If you notice jerks while driving at a constant speed, then this may indicate another problem. In particular, for one kilometer of the road, the car jerks 1-2 times for no reason. These jerks are felt when driving in cruise control mode. Usually there are problems with the hydraulic valve, which are best solved at a workshop with specialized equipment. How much the repair will cost depends solely on the type of breakdown.

Where to buy and how much does it cost?

As for buying new CVT JF011E models, of course, it is better to do at authorized dealer Nissan in your city. It's practical, but expensive. But how much does it cost? Not every car owner is ready to pay 140 thousand rubles (about 35 thousand hryvnia) to buy a new unit.

Naturally, you can buy a Chinese-made transmission at automotive market... It will cost about half the price, but it all depends on the region. Average market price such units are about 70-90 thousand rubles (about 18-20 thousand hryvnia). Well, their working resource may be less. And maybe more: Chinese production- this is still an unpredictable thing, whoever is lucky. And keep in mind - when buying a CVT from a dealer, you have a guarantee on it, which cannot be said about fakes.

PRICES

EXAMPLES OF RECENT WORKS

HOW REPAIRS IN AKPP-SERVICES

When disassembling a CVT, the valve body is first removed. In 90% of cases, a full pallet of shavings + hedgehogs on magnets are found. It is visually visible that the cones are scuffed, 100% due to the fact that the pressure reducing valve is jammed in the oil pump.

The front part of the variator is removed - the bell. We see the forward clutch and reverse clutches. The clutches of the forward clutch have obvious traces of slipping (burnt friction material). Further disassembly confirms our conclusions that the cones are damaged (scratched) and the belt has obvious signs of wear.

We take out the assembly of cones with a belt from the box, carefully remove the belt. When the belt is scrolled, the tapes on which it is assembled emit clicks, which indicates their elongation.

We remove the oil pump, we can hardly get out the pressure reducing valve, which is stuck in the intermediate position, which is a typical malfunction of these variators.
We disassemble the drive cone and see that in the metal guide balls they have obvious signs of wear and destruction. In this case, it is necessary to change the cone, since the channels in which they work, shells have appeared. If there are no problems with this, then we restrict ourselves to grinding the working surface. We inspect the bearings of the cones, even if they do not have obvious signs of wear on the treadmills - they still change, since it is impossible to predict when they will fail.

Repair stages:
- all parts (including the case) are washed and prepared for installation.
- Change the aluminum chain follower if it has wear on the working shelf
- Replacement drive chain oil pump if stretched
- hull repair (if necessary)
- replacement of drive gears CounterShaft MainShaft (if necessary)
- replacement of the central hub Stator (in case of destruction of the bearing of the central hub)
- replacement of the input shaft Input shaft (if necessary)
- replacement of the back cover End cover (if necessary)
- first of all, the repair kit is changed
- the leading cone (Primary Pulley) - changes if it is impossible to restore the native one (has a critical wear of the working surface).
- oil pump - restoration to operating characteristics (resource from a new one is 80%) or replacement with a new oil pump
- a set of new bearings is installed
- put new belt(belt)
- put a set of new clutches and steel discs
- the assembly of the variator takes place in the reverse order
- repair of the torque converter (our own workshop Translock - we don't take it anywhere!)

The last and one of the most important stages is the repair of the hydraulic control unit. It means the restoration of the holes for the plunger (valves) worn out from the ingress of chips and metal dust. The tightness of the valves in the valve body is checked on a vacuum test bench. Solenoid valves pressure regulators A and B (solenoids) are ultrasonically cleaned and, if necessary, replaced, or the solenoid set is changed immediately. The performance of a stepper motor (motor step) is checked in each case individually, because when errors appear on the stepmotor, this does not necessarily indicate its malfunction. After repair, the valve body is installed on the variator.
put new filters, pallet.

GENERAL PROVISIONS

In the event of a major overhaul, the gearbox is removed from the vehicle. At this stage, the mechanic carefully examines the condition of all systems serving the gearbox, power unit mounting supports, etc.

After dismantling from the car, the automatic transmission goes to the overhaul area. It should be noted that on this site, as well as on all previous ones, experienced craftsmen who have a higher technical education (engineering and physical) work. Here the Nissan X-Trail variator is repaired, and after washing and drying of all parts, their fault detection is carried out, i.e. the possibility of further use of each part or the need for its replacement is determined.

If desired, any customer can be present both during the disassembly of the gearbox and during the fault detection of its parts. At the end of this procedure, a list of replacement parts is drawn up, which is then in mandatory agreed with the customer. It should be especially noted that during a major overhaul, it is necessary, regardless of the state of the automatic transmission, to replace all seals and gaskets. The use of original spare parts only from manufacturers of gearboxes increases the service life of the repaired Nissan automatic transmission X-Trail, but leads to a significant increase in the cost of spare parts. To achieve the most optimal combination of price-quality ratio allows the use of aftermarket parts, i.e. companies specializing in the production of spare parts for automatic boxes gear.

Installation is made taking into account all technical requirements... At this stage, the failed mounting elements and auxiliary transmission service systems are replaced. In addition, during installation, preliminary adjustments are made to the elements of the external part of the control system.

Output diagnostics and car break-in. They are carried out using the same techniques as the entrance diagnostics. In addition, all previously existing fault codes are erased from the memory of the control unit.

There is a strong bias in the automotive community against CVT gearboxes: it is believed that the gearboxes are short-lived, break down quickly, demanding operating conditions and unsuitable for installation in cars with a powerful engine. Nissan has tried to dispel this prejudice by putting a CVT box in a fairly powerful X-Trail SUV.

Interesting: according to technical data sheet, variator to the first "serious" Maintenance should work without breakdowns up to 100 thousand km. mileage. And with the timely replacement of the transmission oil and other service procedures at the Nissan X Trail, the CVT resource is theoretically unlimited.

If the gearbox is used correctly, the pulleys are subject to minimal abrasion, the gearbox chain must be replaced at intervals of about once a year, and diagnostics of the machine, including the gearbox, should be carried out every six months.

Reasons for opinions about the "unreliability" of boxes

There are two main reasons why this or that auto technical solution gains a reputation for being unreliable:

improper operation;
design flaws made by the developer, as a result of which the parts experience increased wear, or the driver gets the opportunity to operate the units in non-standard modes, harming the box and the engine.

In practice, drivers who are not familiar with the rules for operating the box complain about the "unreliability" of the variator. This is especially true for fans of fast, sharp driving, and street racing: among the latter, "the unreliability of the variator" has become the talk of the town.

The reason for this is obvious. At a sharp start with a slip and a roar of the engine, when the box is operated in extreme mode, which is part of its design, the steel belt slips on the pulleys, damaging and scratching the metal. Further, during driving fast, the formed metal shavings get into the oil, without having time to settle in the filter of the box, it penetrates into the channels and mechanisms of the box, disabling it completely. So you can "kill" even almost new box, with not fully developed resource.

Newbie motorists are more lucky with CVTs, who, as a rule, carefully study the instructions for the car and the rules for operating the box. Their box can "walk" for decades, passing periodic scheduled maintenance.

Review of the Nissan X-Trail CVT

History

Continuously variable transmission is not a new idea, and has been known since the Middle Ages. In particular, it was reflected in his drawings by Leonardo da Vinci. And the CVT box embodies these ideas in a modern, high-tech design.

The Jatco variator on the Nissan X Trail began to be installed about 10 years ago, and since then the manufacturer, auto services and motorists have already accumulated solid experience in operating these boxes, repairing and eliminating various problems.

Box device

The Nissan variator is based on the principle of a V-belt transmission: in the box there are pulleys consisting of two cones, connected by a special belt, which is responsible for the transmission. The gear ratio of the box changes by changing the distance between the driving and driven pulleys, which is done by a special stepper motor boxes. In addition, the CVT gearbox includes planetary gears that are responsible for the inclusion of reverse gear.

There are several basic elements hidden in the body of the CVT box from Jatco:

variator pulleys;
a steel belt connecting them;
valves and solenoids of the box;
planetary gears;
packages of clutches for reverse gear and Drive mode;
high pressure pump;
control block of the box.

In an extremely simplified way, the variator can be compared with a bicycle chain drive, where there are drive and driven sprockets connected by a chain, only instead of sprockets there are pulleys, and instead of a chain there is a box belt.

The input pulley of the box is connected to the engine in the form of a clutch that always works in mode D. The secondary shaft of the box is pushed during operation by the primary due to the force transmitted by a special belt.

The belt of the box consists of many steel segments connected to each other by a dense steel tape.

Important: the belt of the box is a pushing one. This means that the force transmitted by it from the primary pulley pushes the secondary, and does not pull it along.

It is assumed that the transmission belt is subject to little wear, since the steel is very strong and does not compress. The entire belt element of the box works as one steel body, transmitting torque.

If you need to change the gear ratio, the transmission control module (TCM) changes the distance between the gearbox pulleys, resulting in:

the primary pulley of the box rotates more slowly - the gear is reduced;
faster - it rises.

If you need to switch to reverse, the planetary gear of the box is activated (in normal driving mode it is passive). At the same time, the possibility of changing the gear ratio by the gearbox is blocked for safety reasons - to avoid accidental acceleration when reversing.

It is imperative to create in a box high pressure to avoid belt slippage and damage to metal surfaces. For these purposes, special technological methods and special transmission fluids are used.

The nominal pressure developed by the oil pump of the box is 55 bar, and the maximum possible pressure is up to 60. Several regulators are used in the CVT box, which provide indicators:

maximum 4 bar - for the lubrication and cooling system of the box;
up to 10 bar - for the torque converter unit;
up to 15 bar - for gearbox clutches.

Typical problems

CVTs on X-Trail are characterized by a number of typical malfunctions, some of which are purely "age" or associated with poor maintenance of the box.

Noise from the bowels of the box

This is due to wear and tear on the box bearings. When this happens, the driver hears a hum from the box. This usually happens with a mileage of about 50 thousand km, and is eliminated only by replacing damaged elements.

The box bearings can become unusable if wear products (metal shavings and other foreign matter) get into the system. Therefore it is desirable.

Important: together with the bearings of the box, it is desirable to replace the belt, for preventive purposes.

The consequences of the destruction of the box bearings:

The car has lost momentum, acceleration has become worse

This indicates an old oil in the box that has not been replaced for a long time. There is only one elimination recipe - change the fluid in the transmission as soon as possible, with a complete flushing of the system and cleaning the box from wear products (metal dust, shavings).

The box went into emergency mode

This can mean a wide range of problems, from gearbox oil leaks to physical damage to CVT components. You need to make sure that there is oil in the box, and then try to find a car service specialized in variators for a full diagnosis. You may need to repair or even replace the box.

One of common reasons- overheating of the box. A special sensor is responsible for temperature control, which transfers the box to emergency mode when thresholds are exceeded.

Jerking boxes when driving

Sometimes the box is capable of "kicking" like a classic malfunctioning hydromechanics, especially when driving with cruise control on. As a rule, this indicates a malfunction of the gearbox hydraulic valve, which requires a visit to the service station and expensive repairs. The pressure reducing valve of the gearbox pump that maintains the oil pressure, under the influence of wear products, begins to "wedge" in certain positions, the pressure ceases to correspond to the standard, as a result - the rotation of the driving and driven pulleys is mismatched, the gearbox belt slips.

In these cases, it is advisable to apply for the repair of the box as early as possible, this will help to avoid replacing the pulleys, it will be enough to do with grinding and repairing the box valve with replacing the belt (the latter will have to be done in any case, since the box belt has already begun to collapse).

Box jolts when going from parking mode to R or D

This problem awaits those who like to "rock" the car with fast mode switching. Such manipulations with the box lead to rapid wear planetary clutches and replacing them.

One of the atypical problems is the burnout of the electronics of the box, but it happens quite rarely.

Oil selection for CVT X-Trail boxes

For complete replacement you will need 2 four-liter canisters - with a small margin.

When to change the oil in the X-Trail variator
On average, changing the oil in the Nissan X Trail T31 CVT is recommended after 50-60 thousand km. mileage. Some drivers try to prevent possible malfunctions boxes, changing the fluid after 40-50 thousand km, but this measure seems to be superfluous.

At the next stage, the sump is dismantled and the rest of the liquid is drained.

It needs to be cleaned of metal waste and dust accumulating on the bottom of the box pallet, which is magnetized specifically to trap foreign particles.

The old gasket is changing.
Then the old one is deleted. oil filter boxes and put a new one.

After the filter is installed, it is reassembled.

The key point in the long and flawless operation of the X-Trail CVT is compliance with the operating rules, timely change of transmission fluid and accurate, without "extreme" and off-road voyages, driving. In this case, the box can last for decades, delighting the owner with reliable performance. Failure to comply with the same rules will lead to costly repairs.

There are many rumors about the work of Jatco CVTs. Someone was lucky with the purchase of a car, but after a few tens of thousands, someone is forced to change the box under warranty. What determines the endurance of this node? What is the actual CVT resource on the Nissan X-Trail?

CVT model RE0F10A

Since 2007, the Nissan company has decided to equip X-Trail SUVs with CVT boxes. The body of the first generation T31 was equipped with a Jatco RE0F10A variator (aka CVT-7).

Its powers are designed for engine displacement from 1.6 to 2.5 liters. Such data is provided by dealerships. However, slightly different volumes are indicated on the Jatco website - from 1.6 to 1.8 liters. If the CVT-7 is really designed for small cars, then it becomes clear why it is so difficult for it to work out its resource without breakdowns.

The torque of small cars reaches a maximum of 180 Nm, while engines with a volume of 2 liters and more give out from 200 Nm. The variator cannot cope with such a load.

Aggressive driving creates the need for a sharp shift between gears, and since there are many rubbing joints in the variator design, its wear accelerates significantly. So much depends on whether the car owner himself is on the Nissan X-Trail.

Weak spots

On the operation of what elements of the variator on the Nissan X-Trail T31 does its service life depend?

The main load during gear shifting is borne by the pulley bearings, the pulleys themselves and the belt for transferring rotation from the drive shaft to the driven shaft. The nuance is that these pulleys are absolutely smooth, and adhesion to the belt occurs only due to friction.

According to the owners, the variator on the Nissan X-Trail of the T31 generation makes itself felt after 80,000-100,000 km, although the promised resource is 200,000.

The bearings are the first to wear out, starting to emit a characteristic hum. The tension of the belt depends on them. If the bearing does not cope with its function - the tension force of the belt decreases, it begins to slip, not giving the shafts a signal to change the gear. At the first stage of the malfunction, the variator box on the Nissan X-Trail "troit" (jerks appear). This is because the pulleys, when idling, deform, getting scuffs and scuffs.

There is an element on the valve body that regulates the gear ratio - this is a step motor. He "monitors" the position of the accelerator pedal and the mode of movement. The transmission of information goes to the moving elements of the pulleys due to the foot of the step motor, which is rather fragile and wears out quickly, which leads to the operation of the variator at only one speed.

CVT repair on the Nissan X-Trail T31 is quite problematic: if there are spare parts for replacement, their price will be unpleasantly high. The service can carry out troubleshooting and make an estimate. But if the warranty is still valid, experts recommend replacing the variator with a Nissan X-Trail.

Model RE0F10D (CVT-8)

Modification of the variator type on the Nissan X-Trail CVT-8 has increased its resource and endurance for aggressive driving.

The weight new transmission reduced, made more compact the oil pump. Reduced the friction force of the belt on the pulleys by 40%, thereby reducing the pressure on them. To save fuel, the gear ratio was changed stepwise.

According to the owners' reviews of the variator on the Nissan X-Trail CVT-8, we can assume that it lasts longer. Its resource is designed for 250,000 km of operation.

Features of operation of variators Jatco

The variator is fundamentally different from or "robot". There are no gears in it, due to which the load on the engine is reduced.

How to use the CVT correctly on the Nissan X-Trail, and what driving style should you follow in order for the gearbox to last longer?

While the car is warming up, do not press the gas pedal in an attempt to speed up the process. The box reacts to the accelerator even in the neutral position of the selector.
An abrupt start puts a huge load on the belt and pulleys, multiplying their wear.
Driving on rough terrain adversely affects the condition of the variator.
A car with a variator gearbox must not be towed or tried to start by rotating the wheels ("from the pusher").
Towing vehicles other than a car trailer is not recommended.

The owners' comments about the variator on the Nissan X-Trail, its features, boil down to the fact that this unit was created for a leisurely ride on flat roads.

and then

According to the manufacturer's regulations, the variator must be serviced every 60,000 km of operation. For reinsurance, car owners try to undergo maintenance more often - after 40,000-50,000.

On the "Nissan X-Trail" you can carry out, both at the service station, and yourself.

To replace the transmission fluid in the variator, you must have:

butter;
strainer and oil cooler filter;
sump and oil cooler gaskets;
container for used oil.

CVT oil

Considering which variator is on the Nissan X-Trail, the transmission fluid is also selected. For the T31 body, NS2 oil was released, for the T32 body - NS3.

NS3 oil is intended for non-radiator variators and operation at more high temperatures... It has a reduced viscosity, and, according to the developers, is suitable for both CVT-8 and CVT-7. However, the owners' reviews of the variator on the Nissan X-Trail with a CVT-7 gearbox operating on the NS3 indicate that extraneous noise may appear due to the lack of a lubricating oil layer.

Replacing the transmission fluid in the CVT-7 variator

You need to start the procedure by warming up the engine and the variator box on the Nissan X-Trail. Then:

We drive the car onto the flyover. An observation hole is also suitable.
Unscrew the engine protection and remove the left wheel.
It is not necessary to remove the liner completely, only half.
Place the container for the waste liquid under the drain hole and unscrew the plug.
You will have to wait about half an hour until all the liquid is drained.
Oil also collects in the sump. We remove it and drain the oily residues.
If the mesh filter can still be washed with diesel fuel or carburetor cleaning fluid, then it will be possible to save money, if not, then the filter will have to be changed.
We thoroughly rinse the magnets and the bottom of the crankcase.
Insert the mesh filter (washed or new).
We install a new gasket into the pallet and return it to its place.
Remove the battery and move it to the side air filter... The oil cooler filter is now accessible. We take it off.
Install new filter and a cooler gasket.
We return everything to its place.
Fill in new transmission fluid.
Checking the oil level with a dipstick.

Oil change in CVT-8 variator

The peculiarity of the CVT-8 is that it does not have a factory dipstick. You can check the level by adding new oil or contact a service station. There is a dipstick that is inserted into the filler neck.

To change the oil you will need:

washer for the drain plug;
pad;
coarse filter and a ring to it;
transmission fluid (5 l - for partial replacement, 12 l - for complete with removal of the pallet);
a ring for a fine filter and itself;
ring for level control plug.

As in the case of changing the oil for the CVT-7, the machine must be placed on a lift or inspection pit... In this case, you will need an assistant and a diagnostic scanner. If there is no scanner, it can be replaced with a thermometer (digital required) on the pallet.

To gain access to the bottom, we drive the car into a pit or a lift. Further:

We unscrew the drain plug. Up to 5 liters of oil should drain out.
We remove the pallet and the coarse filter, rinse them.
We put everything in place. If the filter cannot be used further, we change it to a new one.
If needed partial replacement, then fill in the oil, set its level, and this is the end of the procedure.
For a complete replacement, fill in 3 liters of transmission fluid through the hole on top (the one in which the dipstick used to be).
We start the engine and go through all the positions of the box with the selector, stopping at each for 5 seconds.
We drain the oil and repeat the process.
We are waiting for the box temperature to be 35C about.
Here you will need an assistant who will start the car.
Unscrew the Overflow Plug. Fill with oil until a leak appears from the neck.
We start the car and go through the lever over all ranges with a delay of 5 seconds. We fix the lever in the "P" position.
Fill in the oil again until it starts to overflow. We twist the plug into place.

Complete replacement of the transmission fluid has been completed. Now you can reset the counter value.

CVT breakdown symptoms

Timely replacement of filters and fluid in the box, correct operation, of course, prolong the life of the variator. However, the occurrence of breakdowns can still occur. Today, some service stations undertake to carry out, both partial and overhaul of this site, and even give a guarantee for their work.

Here are a few signs that you should address immediately:

slipping even when you smoothly press the gas pedal;
The checkpoint goes into emergency mode (on dashboard indicator appears);
vibration;
jerks or bumps when switching between any gears, both on a warm car and on a cold one;
transmissions disappear or do not turn on;
inhibited reaction to a change in speed;
extraneous noise;

In reviews of the variator on the Nissan X-Trail, it is often mentioned that in many cases such symptoms can still be corrected without resorting to replacing the entire gearbox.

The question of replacing the variator

Dealers, unlike service stations, do not repair. They immediately send the CVT to the Nissan X-Trail as a replacement. If it is under warranty, it will not require any costs. If not - new unit will cost a lot.

Before surrendering to the mercy of car dealers, you can independently diagnose the CVT. You will need tools:

a set of keys (cap and open-end);
screwdrivers with a hammer;
clamps.

Before starting work, it is worth photographing the structure. This can help in its further assembly. Boxes and jars for loose nuts and bolts will also come in handy.

Visual diagnostics of the variator

After examining each element of the checkpoint, you can understand why it does not work correctly:

Remove the side cover and pallet. There are special magnets on the pallet that keep debris and metal shavings from the variator. If there is a lot of it on the magnets, then you can limit yourself to replacing fine and coarse filters.
Shafts and pulleys. First we remove the shafts, then the belt. We assess his condition. If it is worn out, then it needs to be replaced. It is much less expensive than a new CVT. If the cones are not scored, then the problem may lie in the bearings.
The hum in the variator appears just because of the backlash in the bearing. It can be removed from the unit with a special puller. Replacing with a new one is not difficult.
The fuel pump is located under the converter cover. A differential and a transmission pair are also installed there, which must be removed in order to remove the pump. If it is changed, then together with the drive chain.
Before reassembling, wash and dry all removed items. It is better to replace rubber parts immediately with new ones.
It is necessary to assemble the elements strictly in the reverse order, to ensure the correct position of the box blocking pins.

After assembly, you need to check the checkpoint:

start the engine;
check the inclusion of each range;
we make a check-in.

If everything is installed correctly, the variator should work without extraneous noise and jerks.

Most drivers have already become familiar with automation, but such a thing as a variator appeared on cars relatively recently. Some people equate a CVT with an automatic transmission. These technologies do have common features, but the main difference between the variator is the stepless torque change.

The driver does not need to change gears as in mechanical transmission, the variator also eliminates jerking when switching, which many might have noticed in the operation of the automation. The principle of this system is in fact the use of two special tapered pulleys, which constantly change the diameter. Thanks to this, as well as the movement of a special belt, it is possible to achieve a wide gear ratio.

Basic modes of operation

Before telling how to drive a Nissan Qashqai CVT, X Trail correctly, it is worth studying what modes this type of transmission involves.

The most important mode is forward movement (denoted by the English letter "D"). In this mode, when the pedal is pressed, the car drives forward, and the variator operates in automatic mode by independently selecting the gear ratio. The operation of the system is constantly monitored by electronics.

Reverse is indicated by "R". The variator system does not provide for reverse movement, therefore, special mechanisms are used that allow the car to move backward. It is necessary to turn on this mode only after a complete stop of the machine in order to exclude the possibility of breakdown.

Neutral gear - "N". The box is disconnected from the variator shaft. This mode is recommended for use when stopping for a long time in a traffic jam. Also, before starting the car, it must be in the "N" mode.

The car should be parked in "P" mode. When using it, the driven shaft of the variator is blocked, excluding the spontaneous movement of the car. There is also a manual control mode that only simulates manual transmission... The variator can independently change the gear ratio.

Most of these systems provide additional modes:

Sports - "S". The car behaves more quickly and dynamically. Provided by a slow change in the gear ratio.
Economy mode - "E". The complete opposite of the previous regime.
"L" is intended for off-road driving. The variator provides the highest possible gear ratio for transferring traction to the drive wheels.

Key features of driving a variator

Now you can go to the most important thing, having considered the question of how to drive a variator Nissan cars... The first rule that will help to avoid unnecessary calls to the service station is mandatory when low temperatures environment warm up the variator. This is due to the characteristics of the oil used. It is quite viscous in cold weather and takes some time to spread throughout the drivetrain. If you start moving prematurely, some of the transmission elements will remain unlubricated, and this can already lead to unforeseen breakdowns. It is recommended to carry out heating in the sequence P → R → N → D. This will allow the oil to be distributed as efficiently as possible throughout the system.

Warm up in severe frost vehicle it takes about 30 minutes. After you have brought working temperature before required level, you can start moving. There are also several features here. In the first 3-5 kilometers, it is worthwhile to adhere to a careful ride without sudden jerks. This is necessary so that the oil is finally distributed throughout the entire system.

How to use the variator when overtaking and cornering? It should be borne in mind that given type the transmission responds to an increase in engine speed. Thus, to change the gear ratio, you need to increase the speed and the variator, in accordance with the selected mode, will perform the necessary actions, but with a slight delay.

Considering this rule, overtaking should be done after you have already added revs. And when cornering, press the gas pedal directly at the moment of turning the steering wheel.

Towing and driving with a trailer on a variator

How to drive a variator with a trailer, and whether towing is possible - this is a fairly common question among motorists. It is not recommended to use a variator for transporting loads of more than one ton. This system is not designed for this. Trailers place increased stress on the transmission, which leads to accelerated wear.

Even if your car is characterized by increased cross-country ability, do not actively travel off-road on the variator. A small bump or rock can easily damage the variator, creating many problems for you. It is not worth "dashing" in a car with a CVT. This will stretch the belt, respectively, the formation of metal chips, which clog the valve body.

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