Tire height with 15 discs. On the selection of car disks for tires according to their size
In order to choose the right tires for the disks, you need to know certain parameters, failure to adhere to which will seriously worsen the car's behavior on the road. Since the tire is put on the rim of the rim, the width of the profile must be proportional to it. Immediately, we note that, despite the tuning widespread in recent years, automakers categorically do not recommend it. After all, if the sizes of disks and tires are very different, then the contact patch will not be even, which means that the control may get out of control.
In general, the question of the correspondence of tires and disks can be viewed from two sides. The first is the selection of tires and wheels based on the manufacturer's recommendations, and the second is this fitment. Fitment is the study of the fit of the tire on the rim and the position of the wheels in relation to the wheel arches, which includes negative camber, low landing and other delights that we will not talk about, since we consider it more important to tell how to choose the right one from the point of view of safety and comfort tires to disks.
In order to choose the right tires for the rims, you need to know the labeling of the rims.
Ideally, that is, to be sure of safety, the PCD disc (the diameter of the circle of the centers of the mounting holes) should not be changed. In extreme cases, the dimensions of the rims and tires may not match at all, but then eccentric bolts are used for fastening, which allow you to install rims with a PCD of 100 mm on cars with a PCD of 98 mm. However, it is worth noting that the maximum difference in displacement should not exceed 2 mm, and ideally, the alignment of tires and disks should be one hundred percent.
The dimensions of the disks and tires must also match with their central hole, but if for certain reasons this is not possible, an adjusting ring will come to the rescue (it is also a spacer ring). The setting ring has an outer diameter equal to the diameter of the hole in the disc, and the inner diameter corresponds to the diameter of the car hub. If the setting ring is put correctly, then the running characteristics will not change. It should be noted that the discs do not have stamped locating rings. Install them only on.
The disc markings do not indicate the maximum load ( MAX LOAD), you can find out this parameter either in the passport that some manufacturers of domestic wheels attach to their products, or look for this information on the website of the wheel manufacturer. This information is not very important, as manufacturers usually make discs with a margin of safety. But, if for some reason you decide to put, say, disks for a car on a jeep, then the maximum disk load will be an important parameter. And if you do not take it into account, the wheel may not withstand the load and deform, even falling into a small hole.
In addition, even if the tire and wheel sizes are the same in all respects, there is still a risk that the wheel will not fit on the car. The reason for this is the so-called X-factor, when the disc rests against the suspension parts or the caliper, which is associated with the form of stamping or casting. Therefore, we recommend that you first try it on before mounting a tire on a wheel.
Correspondence table for the width of tires and rims
|
Tire height |
Tire size |
Disc width (inches) |
||
|
R12 |
||||
|
82 |
125R12 |
3,5 |
3.0 |
4.0 |
|
70 |
145 / 70R12 |
4,5 |
4.0 |
5.0 |
|
R13 |
||||
|
82 |
145R13 |
4.0 |
3,5 |
5.0 |
|
80 |
135 / 80R13 |
3,5 |
3,5 |
4,5 |
|
70 |
135 / 70R13 |
4.0 |
3,5 |
4,5 |
|
65 |
155 / 65R13 |
4,5 |
4,0 |
5,5 |
|
60 |
175 / 60R13 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
6.0 |
|
55 |
195 / 55R13 |
6,0 |
5,5 |
7,0 |
|
R14 |
||||
|
82 |
145R14 |
4,0 |
3,5 |
5,0 |
|
80 |
175 / 80R14 |
5,0 |
4,5 |
5,5 |
|
70 |
165 / 70R14 |
5,0 |
4,5 |
6,0 |
|
65 |
155 / 65R14 |
4,5 |
4,0 |
5,5 |
|
60 |
165 / 60R14 |
5,0 |
4,5 |
6,0 |
|
55 |
185 / 55R14 |
6,0 |
5,0 |
6,5 |
|
R15 |
||||
|
82 |
125R15 |
3,5 |
3,0 |
4,0 |
|
80 |
185 / 80R15 |
5,5 |
4,5 |
6,0 |
|
70 |
175 / 70R15 |
5,0 |
5,0 |
6,0 |
|
65 |
185 / 65R15 |
5,5 |
5.0 |
6,5 |
|
60 |
195 / 60R15 |
6,0 |
5,5 |
7,0 |
|
55 |
185 / 55R15 |
6,0 |
5,0 |
6,5 |
|
50 |
195 / 50R15 |
6,0 |
5,5 |
7,0 |
|
45 |
195 / 45R15 |
6,5 |
6,0 |
7,5 |
|
R16 |
||||
|
65 |
215 / 65R16 |
6,5 |
5,5 |
7,5 |
|
60 |
225 / 60R16 |
6,5 |
6,0 |
8,0 |
|
55 |
205 / 55R16 |
6,5 |
5,5 |
7,5 |
|
50 |
205 / 50R16 |
6,5 |
5,5 |
7,5 |
|
45 |
195 / 45R16 |
6,5 |
6,0 |
7,5 |
|
40 |
215 / 40R16 |
7,5 |
7,0 |
8,5 |
|
R17 |
||||
|
55 |
225 / 55R17 |
7,0 |
6,0 |
8,0 |
|
50 |
205 / 50R17 |
6,5 | ||
To simplify the determination of the tire size, a special tire calculator has been developed, which allows the user to dispense with the need to decipher the numerical values on the side surfaces of the rubber. With the help of such a calculator, the difference in tire sizes, profile height and other parameters is determined. In addition, such a calculator allows you to receive other related information, for example, on the deviations of the speedometer, changes in ground clearance, and so on.
Purpose of the Visual Bus Calculator
The visual calculator allows every car owner to easily determine the size of the tires and the width of the required rims. With its help, it is possible to determine the diameter of the wheels, the error of the speedometers, an increase in the road track and changes in the clearance under the bottom of the car. Using a tire calculator, it is extremely easy to determine the optimal size suitable for a particular car model. The built-in size conversion system allows you to instantly convert values from inch to meter and vice versa.
It is advisable to use the potential of the calculator in cases where the car owner switches to using tires and wheels that are different from the original size. It allows you to visually determine the main dimensions, and then simulate them for the selected vehicle. In turn, the selection of tires with its help is impossible, since initially it does not provide for division by manufacturer.
Selection and comparison of tires according to the calculator 2.0
If new wheels and tires of a different size are installed based on the data received from the calculator, it is advisable to additionally carry out a number of measurements. It is advisable to determine the distance on the inner side between the wheel and the suspension, as well as from the tread to the shock absorber cup. In addition, you will need to measure the distance between the tread, fender and steering rods.
In turn, when choosing new tires, it is necessary to proceed from the advisability of a slight deviation in the geometric dimensions of the new tires from the previously used ones. The significant size of the dimensions will cause instability in the movement of the car.
Each car is initially created for certain parameters and dimensions. This fully applies to the permissible size of the used disks and rubber. Correspondingly, the selected rubber models must be within the established limits. The use of a tire calculator allows you to simplify the selection process as much as possible, depending on a specific vehicle.
Russians have to regularly face the replacement of rubber, primarily seasonal. The simplest solution in this situation is to use rubber of the same size. While maintaining the dimension of the rubber, the wheel will also retain its original dimensions.
In cases where rubber of a different size is selected, the selection of appropriate disks is required to obtain a wheel with the required dimensions. At the same time, by changing the standard tire sizes, it is possible to control the driving characteristics of the car, giving it additional softness or stiffness. The higher the profile used, the softer the car feels on the road. As the profile decreases, stiffness increases, and narrow tires provide more grip on snow-covered surfaces, so they look more advantageous on winter roads.
At the same time, when selecting the dimensions of tires and wheels, it is required to adhere to the permissible dimensions. For example, tires that are too wide will touch the wheel arches in motion, rubbing them, and wear intensively on their own. It is also worth taking into account the fact that changing the size of the wheels affects the operation of the speedometer, in particular the magnitude of the error.
From the outside, it may seem that the variety of available configurations significantly complicates the calculations, but the bus calculator greatly simplifies the selection process using 3D modeling. The correct selection of tires is not only the necessary safety, but also the optimization of the road capabilities of the car. At the same time, the presence of the metric and inch system of sizes allows you to work with both American and European standard sizes without problems.
Do you want to choose a tire for your car, but don't know much about tire labeling? It's not a problem! In this section, we will help you figure out: what are the parameters of the tire, what they mean, and what kind of tire is suitable for your car.
Find tires / tire catalogDecoding of tire marking.
195/65 R15 91 T XL
195 is the width of the tire in mm.
65 - Proportionality, i.e. the ratio of the height of the profile to the width. In our case, it is equal to 65%. Simply put, with the same width, the larger this figure, the higher the tire will be and vice versa. This value is usually referred to simply as “profile”.
Since the tire profile is a relative value, it is important to take into account when choosing rubber that if instead of the 195/65 R15 standard size you want to put tires with the size 205/65 R15, then not only the width of the tire will increase, but also the height! Which is unacceptable in most cases! (except for the cases when both of these standard sizes are indicated in the car manual). You can calculate the exact data on the change in the outer dimensions of the wheel in a special tire calculator.
If this ratio is not indicated (for example, 185 / R14C), then it is equal to 80-82% and the tire is called full-profile. Reinforced tires with such markings are usually used on vans and light trucks, where a high maximum wheel load is very important.
R- means a tire with a radial cord (in fact, now almost all tires are made this way).
Many people mistakenly think that R- stands for the radius of the tire, but this is precisely the radial design of the tire. There is also a diagonal design (denoted by the letter D), but recently it has practically not been produced, since its performance characteristics are noticeably worse.
15 - wheel (disk) diameter in inches. (It is the diameter, not the radius! This is also a common mistake). This is the "landing" diameter of the tire on the disc, i.e. it is the inner size of the tire or the outer one at the rim.
91 - load index. This is the maximum permissible load per wheel. For cars, it is usually done with a margin and when choosing tires is not a decisive value, (in our case, IN - 91 - 670 kg.). For vans and small trucks, this parameter is very important and must be observed.
Tire Load Index Table:
T- tire speed index. The larger it is, the more speed you can ride on this tire (in our case IS - N - up to 210 km / h). Speaking about the tire speed index, I would like to note that with this parameter the tire manufacturer guarantees the normal operation of the rubber with the constant movement of the car at the specified speed for several hours.
Speed Index Table:
American tire markings:
There are two different markings for American tires. The first one is very similar to the European one, only the letters "P" (Passanger - for a passenger car) or "LT" (Light Truck - light truck) are put in front of the standard size. For example: P 195/60 R 14 or LT 235/75 R15. And another marking of the tire, which is fundamentally different from the European one.
For example: 31x10.5 R15(corresponds to European standard size 265/75 R15)
31
is the outer diameter of the tire in inches.
10.5
is the width of the tire in inches.
R- a tire of radial design (older models of tires were with a bias design).
15
is the inner diameter of the tire in inches.
Generally speaking, apart from the unusual inches, the American tire marking is logical and more understandable, unlike the European one, where the tire profile height is variable and depends on the tire width. And here everything is simple with the decoding: the first number of the standard size is the outer diameter, the second is the width, the third is the inner diameter.
Additional information indicated in the marking on the sidewall of the tire:
XL or Extra Load- a reinforced tire, the load index of which is 3 units higher than that of conventional tires of the same standard size. In other words, if a load index of 91 is indicated on a given tire, marked XL or Extra Load, then this means that with this index, the tire is able to withstand a maximum load of 670 kg instead of 615 kg (see the table of tire load indices).
M + S or M&S tire marking (Mud + Snow) - mud plus snow and means that the tires are all-season or winter. Many summer SUV tires are labeled M&S. However, these tires must not be used in winter because winter tires have a completely different rubber composition and tread pattern, and the M&S badge indicates a good cross-country performance of the tire.
All Season or AS all-season tires. Aw (Any Weather) - Any weather.
Pictogram * (snowflake)- rubber is intended for use in harsh winter conditions. If the sidewall of the tire does not have this mark, then this tire is intended for summer use only.
Aquatred, Aquacontact, Rain, Water, Aqua or pictogram (umbrella)- special rain tires.
Outside and Inside; asymmetrical tires, i.e. it is important not to confuse which side is external and which is internal. When installed, the Outside lettering should be on the outside of the car, and Inside on the inside.
RSC(RunFlat System Component) - RunFlat tires are tires on which you can continue driving a car at a speed of no more than 80 km / h with a FULL pressure drop in the tire (in the event of a puncture or cut). On these tires, depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, you can drive from 50 to 150 km. Different tire manufacturers use different designations for RSC technology. For example: Bridgestone RFT, Continental SSR, Goodyear RunOnFlat, Nokian Run Flat, Michelin ZP, etc.
Rotation or an arrow on the sidewall of the tire indicates a directional tire. When installing the tire, the direction of rotation of the wheel indicated by the arrow must be strictly observed.
Tubeless is a tubeless tire. In the absence of this inscription, the tire can only be used with a camera. Tube Type - means that this tire must be used only with a tube.
Max Pressure; maximum allowable tire pressure. Max Load - the maximum permissible load on each wheel of the vehicle, in kg.
Reinforced or the letters RF in the standard size (for example 195/70 R15RF) mean that this is a reinforced bus (6 layers). The letter C at the end of the dimension (eg 195/70 R15C) denotes a truck tire (8 layers).
Radial This marking on a rubber in a standard size means that it is a tire of a radial design. Steel means there is a metal cord in the tire construction.
Letter E(in a circle) - the tire complies with the European ECE (Economic Commission for Europe) requirements. DOT (Department of Transportation - US Department of Transportation) - American quality standard.
Temperature A, B or C heat resistance of tires at high speeds on a test bench (A is the best indicator).
Traction A, B or C- the ability of the tire to brake on a wet road surface.
Treadwear; the relative expected kilometers traveled versus the US specific standard test.
TWI (Tread Wear Indiration)- indicators of tire tread wear indicators. The TWI wheel can also be marked with an arrow. The gauges are evenly spaced at eight or six places around the tire circumference and indicate the minimum tread depth allowed. The wear indicator is made in the form of a protrusion with a height of 1.6 mm (the minimum tread size for light vehicles) and is located in the groove of the tread (usually in the drainage grooves).
DOT- Coded manufacturer address, tire size code, certificate, production date (week / year).
Tires of American and European production differ in labeling. A situation often arises when it is necessary to convert inches to centimeters. In this article, we will describe how to decipher tire sizes in centimeters.
Metric tire marking
The main dimensions of the tires are prescribed by marking, they include:
- Tire profile width is the distance, expressed in millimeters or inches, between the outer sides of the inflated tire sidewalls, excluding elevations, trims or belts. The specified value should not exceed the width of the product rim by more than 30%.
- A series of tires. Indicates the ratio of the width and height of the product profile. Allows you to distinguish between rubber in this way:
- low-profile - series less than 70%;
- high profile - in the range of 70-82%;
- full-profile - more than 85%.
- Tire construction. Distinguish between radial and bias tires. In the first case, the fibers of the cord layer are located perpendicular to the wheel circumference. In the second version, the cords are overlapped. The radial design of tires is more common, such tires provide better grip of the wheels with the road surface, they are more reliable in operation.
- Wheel radius.
How to understand what the marking of tires means? The markings on the side of automobile rubber are applied by the tire manufacturers. Factory markings are in metric or inch systems. For example, the standard size of tires marked with the metric system 265/75 R15 corresponds to the designation of the inch system 31 × 10.5 R15. The decoding of the indicated designations in centimeters means:
- Designation 265/75 R15 indicates the dimensions of tires:
- 265 is a figure that determines the width of the tire (one centimeter is equal to ten millimeters, 265 mm = 26.5 cm);
- 75 is the percentage (75%) that determines the relationship between the tire profile height and the rubber width (265 * 0.75 = 198.8 mm or 19.9 cm), the number found indicates the tire profile height;
- R - denotes a radial tire type;
- 15 - the diameter of the wheel, the size is indicated in inches, you can translate the specified parameter into centimeters by multiplying the digital value of interest by 2.54, since 1 inch is 2.54 cm, as a result, we get 15 * 2.54 = 38.1.
- The designation 31 × 10.5 R15 stands for:
- 31 - wheel height (31 inches or 31 * 2.54 = 78.7 cm);
- 10.5 - tire width (10.5 inches or 10.5 * 2.54 = 26.7 cm);
- R - indicates the radial type of tires;
- 15 - determines the diameter of the wheel (15 inches or 15 * 2.54 = 38.1 cm).
- subtract its radius from the total height of the tire (78.7-38.1 = 40.6 cm);
- divide the resulting value by 2 (40.6 / 2 = 20.3 cm).
Differences in tire marking
Inch system marking of tires When decoding tire sizes, pay attention to the letter in front of the tire dimensions:
- "P" - indicates the "P-metric" system used for minivans, light pickups (with a carrying capacity of up to 0.5 tons). This system is very convenient, it is often used by tire manufacturers.
- "T" - the indicated letter marks "spare" tires: rubber can be used until the main tire is repaired or replaced.
- "LT" stands for the "Light Truck-metric" system, designed for trucks and vehicles capable of transporting large loads. Cars with a carrying capacity of up to 1 ton fall into this category.
- "ST" - indicates "Special Trailer Service", products are designed for trailers, they can also transport boats or cars.
Letter values can be at the end of the tire marking, in which case they mean:
- "LT" - tire refers to products with early marking:
- "Numeric" - numeric, tires are designed for vehicles transporting heavy loads, trailers
- "Wide Base" - tires with a wide base, manufacturers make such products with a rim diameter of 16.5 inches;
- "Flotation" - flotation, large-size tires, allowing the machine to move on a sandy surface or mud.
- "C" - commercial tires for vans and delivery vehicles capable of transporting large loads.
If at the beginning of the marking there is no letter designation and a three-digit number, for example, 45R15, then this is a tire with a metric size of the Euro-metric system applicable to tires of European manufacturers. The specified dimension corresponds to the decoding according to the "P-metric" system, but differs in lower loads.
- 235 - product width (235 mm = 23.5 cm);
- 710 - a figure indicating the outer diameter of tires (710 mm = 71.0 cm);
- 460 - the diameter of the tire rim (460 mm = 46 cm.);
- A - designation of asymmetric rubber beads, for example, 460A means that the outer bead has a diameter of 45 cm, and the inner one is 47 cm.
Such non-standard markings are designed for vehicles with wheels of a specific size that differ in side profiles from standard metric or imperial products. Faced with non-standard markings, it is better to find out their decoding from the tire manufacturer.
Comparison of calculated data
Dimensions requested by the tire calculator for calculations Self-decoding of tire sizes requires a certain accuracy of calculations. You can check if the conversion of values from centimeters to inches and vice versa is done correctly using tire calculators. With their help, you can also find out how many standard sizes of tires are suitable for a particular car model.
Tire calculators are easy to find on the Internet and tend to have both American and European size systems at the same time. Therefore, by entering the sizes of tires recommended by the vehicle manufacturer in the metric system, it is possible to obtain a list of American and European tires. It is very convenient, if necessary, select a brand of rubber of interest, as well as view the possibility of changing the tire sizes recommended by the manufacturer. When using tire calculators, it is necessary to take into account the error arising from rounding, therefore it is better to translate the dimensions of interest manually, then check them with the options calculated by the Internet resource.
Conclusion
The American rubber markings, if you do not take into account the unusual inches to us, are very convenient to use. But in most situations, you have to deal with the metric designation system. It is not difficult to convert inch sizes to centimeters if you figure out the decoding of the designations applied by manufacturers to the side surface of tires. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the error of calculations, which may arise due to inattention or rounding of the obtained values. To correctly calculate the dimensions, it is better to use the manual method, then compare the obtained parameters with the data of tire calculators. We do not recommend using only one method, since the embedded electronic computing programs also have a certain rounding error.
Car owners use a tire calculator to find the right tire and wheel size. All calculations are performed online. The user does not have to deal with lengthy, incomprehensible calculations. The application is multifunctional, as the motorist will be able to understand how to change the dimensions of the wheel, taking into account the changes in the size of tires and rims. Let's consider the features of using the service.
Tire calculator functionality
The tire selection calculator will be able to help with the selection of tires suitable for a particular car in terms of size and characteristics. The owners of the transport resort to the services of the service when it is time to replace the tires and disks with the vehicle. In order not to waste time on meaningless "changing shoes", checks, use the proposed online service. Bus calculator features:
- you can calculate the dimensions of tires;
- the service provides different parameters - wheel diameters, changes in the height of the clearance between the road and the car (clearance), track widening;
- help in converting inches to millimeters or vice versa, using American and European size tables.
The tire calculator was designed to speed up the selection of tires, making the procedure many times easier. Since every car owner faced the difficulties of choosing, online calculators quickly gained popularity among users.
How to use a tire calculator
There are some tips to help you use the tire size calculator for its intended purpose. The step-by-step instruction consists of the following steps:
- In the form you will need to enter the size of the tires installed on the car, as well as those that you would like to install.
- A special table with the calculation results will appear in front of the user. From these data it will be possible to find out which tires are needed for a particular transport.
- After selecting tires, you can proceed to calculating the size of the disks. Here you will need to specify the exact data - the maximum / minimum width of the disk installed on the car. The service will perform all calculations automatically.
- If you need to convert inches to millimeters, you can use an online converter. This action will allow you to find analogs with American sizes and with European ones. Comparison through the tire calculator will be as accurate as possible, since all the necessary information has been entered into the database of the online service.
The general selection procedure is very simple, but the owner of the car will definitely need to enter the initial data. The parameters should be as accurate as possible so that there are no errors or inaccuracies in the subsequent results.
You can use this service on our website. The program is freely available, anyone can make calculations in a few minutes. To simplify the process of use, it is worth using the instructions given.
