Water injection into the engine with its own hands. Just add water

10.11.2019

For a large number of drivers, the simple exploitation of your car becomes boring over time. As a result, car enthusiasts decide to start tuning their "swallow". Someone seriously enjoys the body improvement, and someone will modernize the heart vehicle - engine. Of course, there is a huge number of ways to improve the latter, but one of the most sophisticated and interesting is the injection of water into the engine.

Naturally, you tell me who in the right mind and sober memory will pour water into the engine, because it will happen to hydrate and it fails? We are in a hurry to upset you, such tuning is effective and safe. Let's consider in more detail the principle of water injection into the engine and even how to make it with your own hands.

How does it work

First, we will get acquainted S. an interesting story The appearance of such a phenomenon as water injection into the engine. About 110 years ago, a new surname engineer by the famous Hungary began to pour water into engines, primitive at that time.

For a long time This question is Musolili, but he never developed. Only 3-4 decades later, English scientist Hopkinson seriously began to do this topic. It produced some research on standard engines for that time. The results were pretty good, naturally, the priority was to reduce detonation, and not an increase in power, but as it came out - see themselves.

However, those who really developed and patented water injection into the engine internal combustionwas Harry Ricardo. On this occasion, they were even written the book called "High-Speed \u200b\u200bInternal Combustion Engine".

At that time, by virtue of a large number of armed conflicts (40s of the 20th century), injection was used especially widely in aviation business. But with the advent of jet engines, this technology has become uninteresting. After years, in the 80s, motorists remembered the injection and began to use it as tuning, helping to increase the power of the car and speed.

But now, having acquainted with those who really helped restylers, you can talk about the nature of water injection into the engine. It is worth noting that not only water is injected into the engine, and its mixture with methyl alcohol.

The experiments were established the optimal ratio, which was 50% by 50%. The principle of operation of the injection is simple: in parallel with the fuel and air mixture, aqueous solution is sent to the cylinders, but what does it give? It gives it the following:

Water, due to high heat capacity, significantly reduces the temperature in the engine, thereby increasing the efficiency. Why so? Remembering physics, you will easily understand it. In short, with standard work, a 40-45% energy from the burning of fuel takes place for giving movement from the car, the rest of the "heating". The injection, reducing the temperature inside the cylinders, makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the motor operation up to 70%, since the cooler gas compress much easier and the energy that goes into compression is significantly reduced.
Also, water in the motor allows you to drive there more air, which increases the degree of compression.
Of course, the water does not pour a "solid" in the cylinders. It falls there in a sprayed form and, connecting with gasoline, helps fuel to fill the entire space, so that it will fill evenly. Such a phenomenon ensures the growth of efficiency, reduces detonation, and increases up to 20% engine power.

Methyl alcohol in water helpers was chosen for no accident. It burns much more slowly than gasoline, increasing the growth of pressure in the engine. But, and what happens after that, you know.

Important! The ideal ratio of water and air during water injection into the engine is approximately 1/12 (+/- ½), in other proportions, the fuel will not be fuel to the end. As a consequence, the silencer will "shoot", and the motor from the overaffect of air can be detonated.

Advantages and disadvantages of technology

How common would be the type of tuning, he has its pros and cons. The injection of water into the engine is no exception, so let's get acquainted with them, in order to understand - whether it is needed at all.

Advantages:

an increase in engine power up to 20%;
reduction of fuel consumption up to 20%;
an increase in the efficiency of the mechanism and the clarity of its work, as a result of which the service life of the motor increases (more than once verified);
a significant reduction in the risk of detonation of the DVS;
significant benefit from the modernization of the engine system, yes, the installation will have to fork out (and it is not always), but how much will be saved on gasoline.

Disadvantages:

it is important to establish everything correctly, otherwise, with the slightest inaccuracies in the installation of the water injection system on the small or fully open valves, the engine will work unstable;
dependence on the liquid necessary for injection, since the usual water will not hide, and the distillate needs about 2 liters per 10 liter of gasoline;
in winter, the operation of the injection may be threatened, because the water can climb, so you have to tinker with experiments of the proportions of methanol and water.

Make injection do it yourself

The main negative consequences of the injection of water made by the people's "craftsmen" is that these mountain rest siters by the method of "tyka" choose the amount of water supplied and are often mistaken. As a consequence, the internal combustion engine gets hydrate.

Important! In order not to count itself to the number of such poor things, the flow of water (water mixtures) begin to be carried out with the most small quantities. Only experimental way you will choose to choose the best amount of feed. The main thing is what you should achieve is sustainable work at all stages of the speed set of the machine.

We agree that you understood how to make water injection is not worth it, and what you need to take into account. In this case, you can start tuning.

First of all, if finance allow you, it is better to purchase the water injection system already made into the engine. Yes, it costs a lot (from 40 + thousand rubles), but its installation is simple and, most importantly, the right job is guaranteed.

But if you do not have money, you can also go home. Today we will tell you how to make water injection in the DVS with your own hands in three ways. The first two are presented below, and the third will be in the video at the very end of the article.

The first way:

Use the waterproof for water to use the washer barrel from any car, the main thing so that it comes in size to the place where it will be installed. It is important at the outlet of it to install a salt filter so that the engine does not fall into the engine with water.
To make continuous injection of fluid into the engine, purchase a 12 volt electric pump.
Water movement highway - thin, preferably transparent, tube.
Also at the end of this tube, the jetwork is selected experimental way.
The last two (tube and jets) are water supply regulators, with their thickness and diameter you must experiment.
All this system is supplied to the collectors of the injector connection (carburetor) with cylinders, holes are made in them and everything is seal. IN rare cases Liquid can be supplied directly into the engine, making the holes in it.

The second way:

Also, as in the previous method, a washer tank and feed tube.
The tube is supplied to the opening from the bottom of the carburetor (primary) chamber with the help of a jet.
The principle of operation of such a system is aimed at discharge. You can also use other devices "dischargers", connecting the system directly to the engine.

Important! Regardless of the choice of the method, it is important to achieve a clear and correct dosing of the liquid. Water injection B. injector Engine It is practically no different from the injection into the carburetor - the main thing, customize the operation of the system.

There are also more heavy, for their own design, systems, their main meaning is to add nozzles to intake manifolds behind the injector (carburetor) that are connected to fluid mechanisms.

Before moving directly to the topic of the article itself, I wanted to recall that this is already 4 part and without reading the previous 3rs, it will not be quite all clear.

And so, BMW 330D E90 245 HP, 520 NM - the stated characteristics by the manufacturer. In reality, this is. Many tuners are promised by recalculating the native ECU of the engine up to 300 l / s and a moment 600 nm. I would really like to see the typewriter with such indicators, which after tuning had already drove a couple of tens of thousands of kilometers.

If we are talking about the same exact motor, but on BMW X6 30D, then I still believe, but not by car 3rd series. Yes the motors are the same, but the cooling system is absolutely different, namely, this is weakness BMW 330d.

Power is needed not only on the graph obtained under ideal conditions, but also in heavier. For example, on a hot summer day. I suggest look at the measurement result

Measurement at the 4th gear, the temperature is 32 degrees and as a result of 220 l / s, a moment is 528 nm. The main thing is how you remember from posts about diesel engines - this is the temperature of the exhaust gases ICC. In the drain, on this motor it reaches 730 degrees (see schedule). Raise the moment on this machine is safe. This is not a problem, but to keep it after 2,800 revolutions and at the same time not to overload the motor, it is not solved software. As you can notice on the chart, at a point of 3000 revolutions, the power from the wheels is 165 forces. I suggest looking into live, as the power changes at this point when held only 15 seconds,

Power from 185 forces drops to 160 l / s, the engine temperature reaches 112 degrees, ICH more than 700. The engine control program is very smart, it will not be so easy to die, but the power will be very and very strong. Pardon is a drain, you can imagine that it will be with tuning "firmware."

And so, the problem is indicated, it's time to move to simple ways solutions. For this, the water injection system was installed. In the first test, water was progressively fed with a maximum value of 100 grams / minute. Total 100 milliliters per minute of H2O ordinary water. We look at the result

232 l / s, the moment is 531 nm, the maximum value of the ICT was 685 degrees. Yes, now there is a large reserve and to increase power in safe mode.

The result himself speaks for itself - 242 l / s and moment 544 nm. The temperature of the ICT in the peak was 704 degrees.

A small theoretical retreat. Water supply, except for the cooling of the incoming air, significantly lowers the temperature in the combustion chamber and EC. In the test 2, the temperature of the ICC is albeit significantly lower than in the stock version, but at the same time higher than in test 1, where the water supply was only 100 ml / min. The reason is that the engine of the engine recognized that the temperatures of the coolant, motor, catalyst, etc. Not so great and added fuel itself. Or rather, ceased to make protective adjustments.

How do you remember, increase the power on the diesel engine is very simple, enough add fuel. And of course, even easier in this option, reduce life diesel engine and turbines. In order not to have problems, it is necessary to always find the balance between the capacity and the temperatures of the DVS and ICC.

I suggest to look again alive, test at 3000 rpm, but already with injection of water

As can be seen from the video, the power not only has grown to 195 l / s from the wheels, but also held it longer and at the end dropped to 172 l / s, and not in stock version up to 160. The maximum value of the ICT at the same time amounted to 680 degrees. The temperature of the motor, also in the peak was 10 degrees below (102 * c).

Go to the test 3. Now we used not water, and 50/50 water / methanol. We look at the result

Methanol is already fuel, and naturally contains energy, unlike just water. Accordingly, not only power up to 248 l / s and the moment was 568 Nm, but also the temperature of HRC (740 * C) was significantly rising.

The use of methanol, as a means for increasing power in diesel engines, it seems to me, is not the right direction. Adding more than 50% of methanol, can lead to detonation, and indeed why, and it is not easier to increase the supply of native fuel through the classic "tuning chip". But the injection of water opens up new features and strongly expands limits that limit the safe increase in the moment and maximum power. Exception is winter timeWhen you just need to add at least 20% methanol, to solve the problem with the freezing of water.
SUVs, which are caught in the mountains, in dirt, etc. We experience a serious load on the engine due to cooling problems. The use of water injection dramatically solves this problem.

If there is an interest, then in the next post, I will show you an example of the same BMW, right online the process of increasing power and how much this task is greatly simplified with the injection of a small amount of water. The task is to not build a racing diesel car, but safely, significantly improve the flow characteristics of the diesel engine and at the same time, refueling a small water barrel, produce not a cup than the standard fuel refueling with a very active ride.

Also, I propose a comparative schedule, with all the above mention

And the last thing I would like to say positive about water injection systems (water / methanol). Oil, it has many functions and one of them is the cleansing of the engine from various deposits. Injection Water / Methanol perfectly performs this feature, which means that your oil will continually serve longer. Oxidation of the oil is the main reason that when the engine is running, its part and the lubrication system are contaminated with various types of carbon sediments, decrease in the engine temperature, also very positive effect on the process of engine oil oxidation.

Among other things, the Nagar, deposit (Carbon deposit) in the engine significantly worsen the characteristics of the motor. I give an example - after all measurements, BMW tests with water injection and water / methanol, and there were quite a lot of them, we made the last measurement, again. I propose to look at the result

Conditions remained the same. As the saying goes - "Think yourself, decide for yourself."

Maybe the internal combustion engines live for the last decades, but manufacturers do not surrender. They squeeze the maximum of this technology, optimizing the engine design to increase efficiency and efficiency. Nissan innovation has recently been reported, which invented. Now Bosch told about their achievements. The German company introduced a waterboost water injection system for a simple modification of existing internal engine.

Even the most advanced internal combustion engine spends about the fifth of the fuel. For example, it is spent on the engine cooling system. IN modern engines A little extra fuel is injected into the combustion chamber not for combustion, but for evaporation From the walls, due to which the engine cooling occurs.

Bosch offers to modify the fuel injection system: use water instead of gasoline when cooling the camera. That is, the essence of the technology of Waterboost is that the engine is involved in the engine water pumpwhich injected into the combustion chamber some water shortly before the ignition fuel mixes.

It takes quite a bit of water: 100 km takes several hundred milliliters. Therefore, a small tank with water will need to be poured with distilled water every several thousand kilometers, which will not become overhead for most drivers. It is even nice: pouring water, you know that this water will be used instead of gasoline (when cooling).

Yes, and if the water in the tank end, there is also nothing terrible, except that the torque will slight slightly and a few percent will grow fuel consumption.

As Bosch's experiments have shown, such a simple modification can be reduced by a few percent to reduce fuel consumption (up to 13%) without loss of power and torque. Saving is possible at the moments of engine overheating on the most high revolutions: for example, with a sharp acceleration or movement along the high speed highway.

In addition, this saves gasoline, so the evaporation of water is also better cools the engine than the evaporation of gasoline.

As an additional bonus to fuel economy - 4% reduced emissions CO 2, so that the engine will be easier to undergo inspection on the observance of rigid environmental standards, which are presented to modern gasoline engines.

The most effective deployment of water injection will be for compact three- and four-cylinder engines. In other words, it is for those engines that are used in the most popular. modern cars medium size.

But that's not all. In addition to saving fuel, Waterboost can add up to 5% power of turbocharged engines. The fact is that the addition of water is saturated with oxygen the injected air from the turbine and increases the burning speed of the mixture, allowing you to optimize the ignition advance angle - the angle of rotation of the crank from the moment at which the voltage of the spark gap is begged on the sparkle.

The idea of \u200b\u200ba ignition advance is to set fire to the combustible mixture in advance, until the upper dead point is reached. For proper choice The moment of ignition, the pressure of gases reaches the maximum value of approximately 10-12 degrees of rotation crankshaft After passing the piston top dead Points.

By changing the ignition advance angle and tie the ignition timing settings, engineers can squeeze even a bit of power even from powerful turbocardial engines, even on sports cars.

The first car in which the Waterboost water injection technology will be BMW M4 GTS with a six-cylinder turbo-moving.

BMW M4 GTS. Photo: BMW Group

About the introduction of waterboost in the cars of the middle price category There is no information yet.

Bosch has extensive experience in the automotive industry. It was Bosch in 1887 invented a safe system of detonation of an air-fuel mixture of DVS from Magneto. This ignition system is used in cars until now. Prior to this invention, the mixture in DVS was fired through the diquses of the open flame daimler.

Bosch produces not only the ignition systems, starters, but many others automotive components. For example, recently established mass production of electric motors for racing cards.

Electromotor Bosch for racing cards. Photo: Bosch.

Behind the electric motors - the future, but also the engine is not going to give up without a fight.

"Our water injection shows that internal combustion engines have a few more tricks under the hood," said Dr. Rolf Bulander, Chairman of the Bosch Mobility Solutions division and member of the Robert Bosch GmbH Board of Directors.

Many drivers want to increase the power of their engine without serious interventions in its design. One of the options for increasing the capacity is, but such tuning is not possible on all power units. Another common way to increase the torque of the engine is the water injection into the fuel and air mixture. Make constructive edits into the engine to ensure the operation of a similar system, you can independently without any particular problems. Consider within this article how to do this, as well as, what advantages and disadvantages are available from a similar solution.

Table of contents:

What gives water injection into the engine

The water injection system into the engine moved to the automotive industry from the aircraft. In the middle of the 20th century in American and German aircraft engines to increase power, injection system was used to a working mixture of water in combination with methanol. Closer to the beginning of the 21st century, this system began to be actively used in automotive internal combustion engines on racing cars.

The water injection system in the engine assumes that the water will enter the intake manifold through a separate nozzle. That is, the fuel-friendly working mixture, which enters the cylinders, will not consist of gasoline and air, but from gasoline, air and water.

The addition of water into the fuel and air mixture reduces its temperature and increases its weight. Thereby working fluid Heavier enters the cylinder and is better compressed before the system of sparking and ignition. This increases the power of the engine, while reducing the likelihood of fuel detonation, as well as reducing the temperature in the combustion chamber and the amount of toxic substances in the exhaust.

But there is a water injection system into the engine and disadvantages, which are also worth knowing before installing it:

Uneven distribution of water in cylinders. This leads to a number of shortcomings, for example, a decrease in the speed of overclocking the car and the unstable operation of the motor with a fully open throttle. When the rotational speed of the crankshaft is low, the engine can "hang";
The use of distilled water. The water injection system into the engine will not show efficiency, if using conventional water. For her, they will have to acquire distilled water, it will avoid the formation of extra highlights from impurities in the car engine;
Difficulties when working in the winter season. In winter, water freezes, so this system is not recommended to use at low temperatures. ambient. With a minor cooling into water, you can add alcohol to prevent freezing, but in a strong cold system will have to be completely disabled.

Water injection into the engine do it yourself

The water injection system into the engine can be implemented both on the carburetor and the injection engine. The easiest way to do is, if you purchase ready-made sets for installing the system, after which they are implemented. The main minus of this method is a high price. The cost of the kit to create a water injection system to the engine begins from 150 thousand rubles, and the price is obtained even higher.

The kit for creating water injection system into the engine includes: water tank, nozzles, a device for dispensing an accurate amount of water, tubes, hoses, pump, fastening and other elements necessary for installation.

You can implement water injection into the engine with your own hands with minimal cost. Depending on the type of engine, a way to realize tuning will be changed.

As a tank for the water bay of the system under consideration, you can use the usual washer tank windshieldBy installing the second under the hood. In this case, the nozzle with the spray nozzle is installed in the intake manifold behind the injector or carburetor. The cabin establishes the electric pump to 12 V, which gives water to the nozzle.

It is worth noting that the system is easier to implement on the carburetor motor. Here you can exclude the nozzle using the screw tools. At the outlet of the pump, you can set the usual game from the medical syringe. The needle is made in the rubber tube of the ignition advance controller, after which it is attached in this position, for example, with the help of sealant.

Please note: all the elements necessary for the implementation of the water supply system can be connected using conventional medical tubes from the dropper.

The main complexity of creating a water injection system into the engine with their own hands is expressed in proper setting Electronasus. It is necessary to adjust it in such a way that distilled water was supplied in the proportion of about 1 to 10, relative to the air supplied.

Important: Incorrect system setup can lead to a large amount of water in cylinders, which will happen.

Tips on the use of water injection system in the engine

As a rule, on their own installed system It implies that the driver in manual mode controls the water supply to the working mixture using the switch to swap in the cabin. Thus, it is possible on increased turns Engine achieve an increase in motor power.

At the atmospheric car engines, the water injection system will not give a greater increase in power, and only will reduce the likelihood of detonation. Whereas on turbocharged motors, if you install water injection into the turbocharger, you can achieve a significant decrease in the temperature of the working mixture, which will come to an increase in power.

If you want to achieve greater efficiency from the water injection system into the engine, it is better to pour not clean distilled water, but a mixture of water and alcohol (50 to 50). Such a mixture will allow more significantly to increase the torque.

To date, motorists want to improve their vehicles with the most different available methods. One of them is to make water injection into the engine. This improvement will help raise the most important characteristics Engine internal combustion. In addition, you can make it even with your own hands.

History injection

Before proceeding to more detail description and consideration modern models And the impact of such tuning on them, as well as its advantages, and other things, you need a little attention to pay the stories of water injection into the engine. It all started for a long time, even about 110 years ago, when one Hungarian scholar with the last name Hollyki decided to start testing this process. The only thing that bothered him is the primitiveness of the power units that exist at that time. In addition, at that time this topic did not receive serious development. It has become close to it only after 30-40 years. An English scientist Hopkinson was engaged in the continuation of the work in this direction. They conducted certain studies of water injection into the engine on those models that were considered standard at that time.

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It is worth noting that his research led to success. Although it will rightly say that at that moment the main task was to reduce the detonation of fuel, and not at all in the increase in the power of the engine itself. However, all this was only attempts. A man who made a decisive contribution to the development of such a topic as the injection of water into the engine, became Harry Ricardo. Although here we can say that at that time the injection was used more in engine engines for flight technology, as it was the 40s of the 20th century, when, as well as military conflicts were held everywhere. However, later appeared jet engines And the need for such a type of injection disappeared at all, since all the power units were replaced with new ones.

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The subsequent stage of the development of water injection into the engine has come in the 80s. It was by this time that the owner of the vehicles remembered its existence and decided to apply it to improve the characteristics of their cars.

General Description of Injection Ideas

As mentioned earlier, it was used to start the injection for aircraft motors to increase their power, and not only water was used as a liquid, but also methanol mixed with it. As for injection in car EngineThen then it is worth considering how it provides a number of advantages.

First you need to say that the water injection system into the engine is implemented using a special nozzle that opens access to the intake manifold. Thus, it turns out that ordinary water becomes the third component in a mixture of fuel and air.

This leads to the fact that a combustible mixture, be it gasoline or diesel, gets rapid and efficient cooling immediately after injection. In addition, due to the mixing of particles of ordinary water and fuel, they become more "heavy". This, in turn, leads to the fact that a denser and heavy charge will be stronger to shrink in the cylinder before the process of ignition occurs.

In some cases, it was even noted that the use of water injection system into the engine is insignificant, but still reduces the toxicity of the vehicle exhaust.

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During this, the process of combustion of fuel is also somewhat slowed down, which reduces the risk of fuel detonation in the engine. Another advantage will also be the fact that in the combustion chamber of the combustible mixture there will be a slightly reduced temperature. All listed qualities are considered to be the weighty advantages that speak in favor of what is still worth thinking about the water injection installation in the engine with their own hands.

Negative sides

Like any other system in the world, this also has its own shortcomings that need to be considered.

First, one of the substantial minuses is unstable work power aggregate. This is due to the fact that throttle valve Almost all the time is open, and in addition, the speed of the crankshaft remains low, which is why the machine does not go fast enough. This negative point occurs, in particular, due to the fact that the fluid cannot be evenly distributed over all the cylinders of the car.

Secondly, a significant disadvantage is that when the water injection arises in the engine in the engine, it is necessary to submit to the system only pure distilled water. In order for the entire system to work with maximum efficiency, it is necessary to make it so that 2 liters of water were supplied to 10 liters of fuel fuel. Thus, the ratio becomes 1/5 and this means that after processing every 2 l of fluid in the combustion chamber, it is possible to deposition up to 200 g of salts and other different mineral impurities that should not be there.

Naturally, another substantial minus is the problematic use of water injection into an injection engine through the nozzles (or in any other) due to the fact that the fluid simply freezes at negative temperatures. Of course, some know that this problem can be solved by adding alcohol additives, but in reality this method It can only help with minor minus temperatures. As soon as strong frosts occur, it is necessary to either drain water, or completely remove this system.

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Injection in the injection engine

Next, you can consider how to make water injection into the engine carburetor or an injection engine. Here immediately should be said that special markets There is a complete set of all the necessary details to make the intended hand. Usually, such a kit consists of special nozzles, a liquid tank, pump, hoses, some other elements and, most importantly, this is a control device that will monitor the clear dispensing of the injection of the liquid. The only and very significant drawback is very high price Good and complete set.

Because of this, many people prefer to do everything themselves. To arrange water injection into an injection engine with their own hands, follow the following plan.

To begin with, it is worth saying that a special nozzle with a nozzle is established in intake manifoldTo achieve better spraying. More often, it becomes the area behind the injector or carburetor.
Water to the nozzle is served using a special pump that is installed in the cabin. Most often, there is enough ordinary device to perform this feature.
The liquid itself will come from the tank. Quite often, the windshield washer tank is used as an additional tank.

The direct installation of water injection into the injection engine is quite simple.

All elements of the system that were listed above should be interconnected either with the help of rubber tubes, or with small hoses from medical droppers.
Next, you need to find a tube that will go directly from the pump and install an needle from a medical syringe on it.
The needle that was installed earlier, it is necessary to pierce the rubber hose, which comes from the ignition advance controller.
After puncture, the needle hoses is fixed with the help of sealant. Here you need to understand that the amount of injected fluid will be directly dependent on the thickness of this needle itself.

Thus, it turns out that the micro-nozzle for water injection into the engine in this case is the selected needle.

Other installation methods

There is another way that concerns injection mounted for a carburetor model. In this case, the tube from the dropper will be connected to a pre-prepared hole, which is done in the first chamber of the carburetor. In this case, the injection of water will occur due to the fact that the discharge pressure will appear. This process will also resemble liquid spraying process.

In addition, a small advantage of this method is that the driver of the vehicle is capable of running the time pumped water itself if it is necessary to temporarily increase the power of the power unit. Another good plus of the homemade water injection into the engine is the ability to accurately control the system, based on the performance of the installed pumping equipment. It is very important here to know and correctly pick up all the equipment according to the necessary proportions. As for the ratio of water / air, some are recommended to make a 1/10 or 1/14 ratio. In other words, for example, there are about 30-35 liters of fluid on the power unit 1500 cm3. As for the fluid itself, then during the injection of water in diesel engine BMW.For example, or in similar devices, it will turn into a fine substance. The particle diameter will be approximately 0.01 mm. Such small particles will immediately be enveloped with fatty gasoline and a mixture will be formed by a homogeneous TVS, which is considered homogeneous. Engines using such a mixture showed a greater coefficient useful actionWith the usual fuel, and there was also a removal of the detonation threshold.

Engines with turbocharged

As for the injection of water in diesel engine, in a model with an injector or carburetor, then everything has become a little clear here, and now it is worth paying attention to the power units with turbocharging, which can get a few more advantages than others from installing water injection.

Motors that have turbocharging in their configuration can be equipped with a liquid injection injector, which is placed in such a part as the intercooler or turbocharger. As a result, it is possible to effectively decrease the temperature of the combustible mixture, which enters the cylinders. If you install ready-made kits that are intended for fluid injection, they can reduce the temperature indicator to 40-60 degrees Celsius. All this leads to the fact that the power unit spends a smaller amount of energy for the compression of the working mixture. In addition, a larger amount of air will flow into the device cylinders. Although initially it seems that immediately after the liquid falls into hot EngineShe begins to actively evaporate, because of which the amount of air decreases. However, during this evaporation, water increases significantly in the amount, due to which the pressure increases in the cylinder. All this leads to an increase in the power of the turbomotor by about 7-10%.

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Additive alcohol component

It is right here to start with an important factor. When the injection of the fluid is done in the power unit, it is necessary to supply not just distilled water, and its mixture with alcohol, and in proportions 1: 1. This is done so that the spraying flows more successfully. The result will be a mixture of alcohol, water, air and fuel. This mixture will be finely dispersed.

If the fluid itself provides only additional cooling and a decrease in detonation, the addition of methanol brought several more positive Parties. Here the whole thing is that the speed of the combustion of alcohol is much lower than the combustion rate of the same gasoline. Because of this, the pressure in the cylinder increases more smoothly, which makes it possible to achieve an increased torque in relation to the number of revolutions performed by the crankshaft.

The need for distilled water is due to the fact that there should be no deposits in the combustion chamber, which is present in a conventional unfiltered liquid. It is also important to achieve maximum spraying, since heat exchange depends on this and the subsequent evaporation process.

All this suggests that it is necessary to very accurately choose the pumping equipment, as well as a special spray nozzle, if it comes to installing an injection engine. Because of these requirements, many professionals still refuse a rather handicraft method in which the needle is used as the main sprayer.

At the end it is worth adding that it is effective to use even bought and ready-to-use liquid injection kit until it is very careful.

Brief engine characteristics with injection

It has already been said quite a lot, and therefore it is necessary to sum up a small result and precisely allocate, how will the liquid injection be used with their own hands.

The high heat capacity of the fluid plays an important role in the heat exchange, reducing the temperature in the engine. This, in turn, increases the efficiency of the force aggregate. If you speak short, then about 40-45% of energy from fuel combustion goes to bring the vehicle in motion. The rest goes to heating the environment. Due to the presence of water that reduces the temperature inside the cylinders, it was possible to increase this percentage to 70. This is due to the fact that it is much easier to squeeze the cool gas, and therefore the cost of this process is significantly reduced.
Another advantage is the ability to drive a greater amount of air into the engine, which also has a positive effect on the compression ratio.
As already mentioned, water falls there not a jet, for example, and strongly sprayed. It helps it to connect with gasoline and occupy all possible space, which positively affects the degree of combustion of the working fuel mixture. This process helps to increase the efficiency of the power unit even about 20%.

Allocation of flaws

As for the unambiguous deficiencies, these include the following:

Too large requirements for the accurate installation. The slightest disorders in the installation technique and too big or too small water flow will destroy stable work Engine.
It will be necessary to constantly acquire a distilled liquid, since the usual water cannot be used, and for 10 liters of fuel, approximately 2 l of fluid will be required.
In winter, it is not recommended that the system is not recommended at all, as water will just freeze.

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