Hall throttle position sensor performance testing. Throttle position sensor (DPDZ): Signs and symptoms of malfunction and how to check it

The presented article will consider the throttle position sensor sensor, diagnostics and malfunction symptoms DPDZ, as well as its repair.

Throttle position sensor device

So, if you wondered how the throttle position sensor was arranged, then it is worth considering the principle of its work.

The throttle position sensor refers to the type of resistive type sensors. This name determines the principle of its work, namely, if you disassemble this sensor, then inside we detect the movable element in the form of a slider, which slides along the path in the form of an arc or horseshoe. To one of the ends of this track, the supply voltage is supplied, the other end of the track is connected to the mass, and the output signal is removed from the movable slider.

Throttle position sensor fault:

What are the throttle position sensor faults most often occur in practice? If you drop the faults associated with overhead wires suitable to the sensor and the like. You can select the main and most common sensor malfunction. this type, namely, this wear of the resistive layer on the tracks on which the slider slides. As a rule, wear is observed in the initial section of the movement of the slider due to the most frequent use of this site. If you disassemble the throttle sensor, then in most cases wear of the resistive layer will be noticeable during the visual inspection, as in the photo represented.

Voltage is fed to the sensor 5V. with car computer, however, when measuring the voltage you will see that on the sensor voltage varied from 0,3-0,5 In one position and up 3,7-4,8 In in the fully open position of the throttle. This is done in order for the ECU to identify a malfunction in the sensor chain, whether it is a short circuit.

In separate models of cars, throttle position sensors can be used with inverse output characteristic, That is, the voltage when the throttle is closed, it will be maximal, and as the throttle is discovered, it will fall.

It should also be noted that on cars where the position of the throttle is set using electric drive (the people are known as the "electronic pedal") in the specified models the position of the throttle is determined by one, and immediately two potentiometers which are combined in one device. It does not matter whether the electronic pedal is set only in idle mode or in the entire range. One of the two potentiometers has an inverse output characteristic, and the second straight output characteristic. On such systems, you can also meet the terminal micro switch that is triggered at the time when the accelerator pedal is completely released by the driver.

How to detect the throttle position sensor fault without disassembling the sensor and remove it from the car:

Throttle position sensor malfunction can be easily determined using scanner, motorTeter or simple multimeter. In this article, we consider an example of a malfunctional detection using a scanner.

Please note that all devices besides MotorTesther, will not be able to detect a malfunction in the depreciation of the resistive layer other than very strong and extended areas, because As a rule, only MotorTeter has time to display a diagram in a correct form, the scanner, as a result of a low exchange rate with the ECU, will not be able to detect damaged areas with a small length of occupying in the chart from the tenth seconds.

So, go to the scanner to remove the parameters in real time, then go to the section Removing the point of the throttle position in percentage ratio or voltage on the sensor, then start slow Open the throttle and follow the output signals from the scanner. It is most convenient to remove these readings in the waveform mode, unless of course your scanner supports this function. Data from the sensor should grow slowly without jumps and sharp drops. If the signal growth has sharp failures or growth, this indicates the wear of the resistive layer on the sensor tracks.

Do not pay attention to minor changes of the oscillogram, it may be caused by a shiver of your hand. It should also be noted that at low exchange rates between the scanner and the car computer, there is a skipping layer of the resistive track, if it is very short, but this fact Rather exception than the rule.

When removing the sensor from the car, it will not be superfluous to wash the throttle assembly, deposits on the walls of which, can also interfere with the normal operation of the sensor.

Throttle position sensor repair

Restore a worn resistive layer on tracks, in domestic conditions impossible, so the only one The repair method without replacing the sensor or tracks is the ability to displaced the resistant tracks in some sensors relative to the slider. To do this, the sensor provides a special screw which fixes this or that position of the tracks relative to the slider, so let's say with strong wear of the resistive track layer, we can, weaken the screw, shift it into the area inaccessible slider and thus avoid replacing the throttle position sensor.

Throttle position sensor symptoms

In case of wear of the resistive layer, depending on the place of wear, the car can behave different ways. May be observed unstable work The car at idle, the car may simply blapted at idle, or when pressed on the accelerator pedal, there may be failed failures in motion or on the contrary, jerks and penzes.

Also in some cases when replacing the original throttle position sensor on non-quality analogue The dependence of the sensor from the temperature may be observed, that is, as the DPDP case heated, the output value will change. For example, on a cold engine, the sensor has an output voltage around 500 mVThe ECU maintains this value as the position of the closed choke and proceeds to stabilize the speed of the idle. After heating the sensor housing, the output value changes to 560 mV, ECU does not understand that this is the stress of idling. he retained 500 mV and does not stabilize idling.

With this malfunction, it may briefly help turn off the ignition with the subsequent retrain of the engine so that the computer saves the new output value as the position of the closed throttle.

You can establish the presence of a throttle position sensor malfunction by measuring the output value on a cold engine (which has not worked at least 2.5 hours) and on the heated engine. If the value is very different, there is a place to be this defect and the sensor must be changed to better.

If you encountered such a situation that the engine unevenly operates at idle or the car periodically stalls for not clear reasons, then such behavior power aggregate can serve throttle position sensor fault. You should not immediately go to the station maintenancebecause this trouble can be eliminated by own forces.

New throttle position sensor

In this article, we will consider the main signs indicating about the failure this sensor, learn how to check DPDZ, and also get acquainted with his design. This instruction is suitable for car owners. VAZ 2110, 2114, Priora, Kalina and even Renault Logan.

- This is a device that is intended for accurate amount distribution fuel mixesentering the engine combustion chamber. Its use B. modern motors Allows you to increase the efficiency of the car, as well as an increase in the efficiency of the power unit. It is located in the fuel supply system on the axis of the throttle.

So the design of the DPDZ looks like

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At the present stage of the development of automotive equipment, such types of DPDZ are presented on the market:

The latter constructively have resistive contacts in the form of tracks, according to which the voltage is determined, and the contactless performs this measurement based on the magnetic effect. Sensor differences are characterized by their price and service life. Non-contacts are more expensive, but also the service life is noticeably higher.

Operating principle

As mentioned above the sensor is located near the throttle. When you click on the pedal, it performs the output voltage. In the case when the throttle is "closed", the voltage in the sensor is up to 0.7 volts. When the driver presses the gas, the flap axis turns and respectively changes the slide slide at a specific angle. The sensor reaction is manifested in resistance to the contact tracks and, therefore, an increase in the output voltage. With the full opening of the choke, the voltage is up to 4 volts. Data is indicated for VAZ cars.

Reading these values \u200b\u200bis engaged the electronic unit Car control. Based on the data obtained, it applies changes to the amount of combustible mixture. It is worth noting that the whole procedure occurs almost instantly, which makes it possible to effectively select the mode of operation of the motor, as well as fuel consumption.

Signs of sensor malfunction

With a good DPDP, your vehicle works without non-characteristic jerks, twigs and quickly responds to pressing the gas pedal. If some of these conditions is not respected, then the sensor malfunction is possible. This can be determined by such signs:

• The start of the engine is hampered both on hot and cold;
• The fuel consumption increases with what is significantly;
• When moving, engine jerks appear;
• At idle turns, turns are more overpriced than normal;
• The acceleration of the car is sluggish;
• Sometimes arise outsided sounds Similar to cotton in the area intake manifold;
• The power unit can slander at idle;
• On the instrument panel blinks check. Indicator or dummy constantly.

Most often, the sensor comes into disrepair due to the exceeding the operational terms due to the development. contact Group It has a spraying and, accordingly, wear is characterized. Those DPDZs that work on a non-contact principle are devoid of such a shortage and accordingly serve much longer.

In order to finally verify the need to replace this part, you need to be able to check the sensor.

Everything modern cars There are many electrical and electronic devices in their design. With their help control and automatic configuration of the functioning parameters of various nodes, units and systems are monitored. They can be very complex and expensive, like, for example, an electronic engine control unit (ECU), and very simple. It is noteworthy that many "little things", the cost of which is quite small, play a very important practical role in practice. For example, if signs of a throttle position sensor malfunction are detected, then if you disregard them, the speedy and very expensive repair of the power unit is practically secured.

What is responsible for the throttle position sensor

Such a part, as intended to transfer information to the electronic control unit information about what exactly the flow valve is at this particular time. In essence, it is a combination of a permanent and variable resistor, and its maximum total resistance is approximately 8 ohms. DPDZ has three contacts in its design, and the voltage is supplied to two of them (usually its value is about 5 V), and the third is alarm and is associated with the corresponding controller.

GM throttle production position sensor

The throttle position sensor is installed on its enclosure and responds to the rotation of the axis when it or opens, or closes. Accordingly, its resistance changes: if the flap is completely open, the voltage on the signal contact is at least 4 B, and if the maximum 0.7 V is completely closed, the controller monitors the controller, as a result of which the amount of fuel coming down To form an air-fuel mixture.

If DPDZ works incorrectly, it will be either less, or more necessary, which can lead (and often really leads) to various violations in the operation of the power unit, and sometimes even to its failure. It should also be said that the throttle position sensor malfunction is quite often the cause of problems with the gearbox. Repair and engine, and gearbox is a very costly event, so if the signs of the throttle position sensor sensor are found, it must be checked.

Throttle position sensor symptoms

The throttle position sensor in the fuel system plays a "smoothing" role, and therefore if it is working, then the car rides without jerks, smoothly, when the gas pedal is pressed, "responsiveness" demonstrates. If DPDZ is faulty, then this can be determined by the following features:

• The engine begins to start badly;
• Significantly increases fuel consumption;
• Car rides "jerks";
• Seriously increases the number of engine speeds at idle;
• When the car accelerates, it happens with some delay;
• From the intake manifold, "clapping" sounds are distributed;
• The engine stalls at idle;
• Check ingine light or burns constantly, or lights up periodically.

If there is at least one of the signs listed above, it is likely that DPDZ is faulty. As practice shows, in most cases, the breakdown of this part is related to its natural wear. The fact is that the variable resistor, which is existing in the design of the throttle position sensor, has a base layer of the base that the metal contact moving along it is baptized with time. Accordingly, DPDZ begins to issue incorrect data.

Experienced specialists argue that the most faithful sign that the throttle position sensor is faulty is "swimming" the speed of the power unit in idle mode. If such symptoms are detected, then you need to contact the maintenance station, or to make diagnostics yourself.

Video about signs of malfunction DPDZ

How to check the throttle position sensor

It is easy to make it, and only a multimeter or a voltmeter will be needed from the equipment. You must rotate the key in the ignition lock, and measure the voltage value between the signal contact and the "minus". It should be no more than 0.7 V. After that it is necessary to fully open the damper, and after that it is stopped again. Now the value should be more than 4 V.

How to check DPDZ using a multimeter

Next, you need to fully turn on the ignition and measure the voltage between the signal and any other output of DPDZ. Next, you need to slowly turn the sector, watching the voltage change occurs. It should be performed smoothly, without jerks. If they are, it is a symptom that the throttle position sensor is faulty.

Unfortunately, due to its design and characteristics of damage, the sensors of the position of throttle dampers are related to non-repair items. Therefore, if it turns out that DPDZ is really faulty, then it must be simply replaced with a new one. It is recommended to choose not outdated film-resistive, but a modern contactless model. It is characterized by what functions on the principle of the magnetic effect, consists of parts such as a magnet, a rotor and a stator, and does not have the details in its design.

Owners of VAZ-2110 cars often have to repair its vehicle. And consequence repair work It can be both significant breakdowns and minor malfunctions. What type of breakdown is the throttle position sensor fault? What does this detail answer in the car? How to reveal that it is this item that stops functioning correctly? Read about it in our article.

What is this DPDZ in the car VAZ-2110

An abbreviated throttle position sensor is accepted among motorists to call DPDZ. This item is used in several types of engines:

1. Gasoline injection type.
2. Type MONOVPRYSK.
3. Diesel engines.

DPDZ still know as a throttle damper potentiometer. This is due to the fact that the sensor is aimed at performing functioning as an alternating resistor. The sensor itself is installed in motor compartment - The location of fixation is the throttle nozzle. The mechanism of the sensor is as follows: depending on which position and degree of opening has a throttle of the throttle, changes and resistance changes. That is, the level of the value of such resistance depends on the press of the gas pedal. If the pedal is not pressed, the throttle will be closed, and the resistance is the smallest. With an open flap, on the contrary. Accordingly, the stress on DPDZ, which is directly proportional to the resistance, will also change.

The electronic control system is engaged in the control of such changes, it is it that gets all the signals from the DPDC and delivers a fuel using the fuel system.

So, with the maximum voltage of the signal contact of the throttle position sensor, fuel system VAZ-2110 car will give the greatest portion of fuel.

Thus, the more precisely the indicators with DPDZ, the better the VAZ-2110 electronic system sets up the engine operation to the correct mode of its operation.

Communication of the throttle of choke with other VAZ-2110 automotive systems

The throttle of the VAZ-2110 car is the component inlet system Engine and directly related to the large number of other systems vehicle. These include the following systems:

• coursework;
• anti-lock;
• anti-trust;
• abosput;
• cruise control.

In addition, there are those systems that are controlled by electronics of the gearbox. After all, it is this throttle valve that regulates air flow into the car system and is responsible for the qualitative composition of the fuel and air mixture.

Design DPDZ.

The throttle position sensor may be two types:

• film;
• magnetic or non-contact.

By its design, it resembles an air valve - in the open position, the pressure corresponds to the atmospheric, in the closed - drops to the state of the vacuum. The DPDZ includes constant and alternating current resistors (resistance of each 8 ohms). The process of opening and closing the flap is monitored by the controller, followed by adjusting the fuel supply.

If at least one symptom of problems in the system of functioning of this sensor occurs, then the fuel can be filed either in excess or in deficiency. Such engine malfunctions are reflected on the engine of the VAZ-2110 car and on its gearbox.

Characteristic symptoms of faulty state of DPDZ

Thanks to the correct functioning of the throttle position sensor, the VAZ-2110 car engine fuel system works with a smoothing effect. That is, the vehicle is moving smoothly, and the gas pedal speaks well to pressing. Therefore, the malfunction of DPDZ can be seen almost immediately at the following features:

1. Bad engine launch.
2. Noticeable increase in fuel consumption.
3. The movement of the car is intermittent.
4. Noticeable idling Engine in the started state.
5. The signal will light up on the Check E dashboard
6. The car is badly accelerated due to delays in acceleration.
7. Cutton in the intake manifold.

Of course, these signs of a faulty sensor state can be observed not all at once. But even if you noticed only one of these signs, it is worth spending computer diagnostic vehicle in the service center.

DPDZ problems and their diagnostics

As you know, eternal parts for cars have not yet come up. And a breakdown of DPDZ can be envisaged for this you need to ask possible reasons The failure of this detail. Here are the main of them:

1. Abrasion of the sprayed layer of the base, which serves to move the slider (the result is incorrect results of DPDZ testimony).
2. The outflow of the rolling type core (the result is the deterioration of contacts between the slider and the resistive layer).

How does the very sort of failure to understand with this sensor? To do this, you can conduct an independent diagnosis of your diagnosis:

1. Listen to the engine VAZ-2110 engine at idle:
   • the breakdown is obvious if you notice that its turnoves are in the "floating" condition;
2. Sharply reset the gas pedal:
   • the malfunction is present if the engine will stop after this action.
3. Dial the speed:
   • the problem of DPDZ is if the car starts to move with jerks, which indicates an irregular fuel supply to the system.

Experts argue that the sensor often fails with a strong contamination of the resistive track or its complete cliff. To make sure that you need to check the operating status of the DPDZ.

Checking the throttle position sensor

To independently check DPDZ, it is not necessary to call the electrician for consultation. This requires a multimeter or voltmeter. Further, experts are offered step-by-step instructions Sensor checks.

The first step - you need to turn the key in the ignition lock, remove the voltage indicators between the sensor slider contact and the "minus". In the normal state, the indicator will be up to 0.7 V.

The second step - you need to turn the plastic sector and open the damper, after which the measurements are again. In the normal state of the sensor, the device will show the result from 4 V.

To detect the throttle sensor fault, start from the device itself. It is no secret that this element works in close interaction with the car engine, therefore it is in close proximity to it. First, find the throttle nozzle, and leave it to the DPDZ itself. The sensor, one side, is fixed to the nozzle, and the other is connected to the axis of the throttle of the throttle.

How to recognize breakdown: basic symptoms

The car owner should know how to identify the malfunction of DPDZ. It is easy to do this, but for accurate definition of a malfunction, it is worth knowing its symptoms and respond to them in a timely manner. The main features of the sensor malfunction should be attributed:

• There are problems on the XX when the motor operation (swinging turns).
• The engine stalls at the time of translation of the PPC selector (when the speed is turned off during the movement).
• Increases fuel consumption.
• There is instability in the turns of XX, regardless of the mode of operation of the motor.
• The engine power is noticeably reduced.
• Rod felt, during overclocking and when moving at low speed.
• The motor stalls when the accelerator pedal is released (at idle).

In some cases, malfunctions associated with the failure of the throttle sensor manifest themselves with a reference to the control lamp " Check Engine"Located on the instrument panel and signaling about the presence of engine problems. At the same time, the light can light up periodically (with this moment we will figure it out below). Whatever the symptom of malfunction, it may indicate the problem and the need to take appropriate measures to eliminate it. In such a situation, it is important to immediately fulfill some work (about it below).

The photo shows where the DPDZ is located

How to check the performance of the sensor?

If during operation, one or more of the signs mentioned above, it can be assumed to malfunction of the DPDC. The first thing to be done is to check the DPDZ in good condition. The performance of these works does not require any special preparation from the car owner. The main thing is to clearly represent the sequence of actions and have a multifunctional device at hand (multimeter).

It is worth recalling that the Check Engine light is designed to remind the driver about the presence of engine problems. When it is sunbathing, it is worth contacting a hundred or to identify a malfunction yourself. In the absence of errors, the lamp lights up at the time of starting the motor, and after the completion of the diagnosis, immediately goes out. If this does not happen (the bulb continues to glow), it means that there is a problem in the system, and without an experienced master, it will not work out.

By the way, the above information is more for general development. As for the malfunction of the DPDZ sensor (throttle), it is required to operate here by such an algorithm:

• First of all, turn off the ignition. Exercise dashboard And make sure that Check Engine light bulbs are absent. As noted, this lamp is a direct reminder to the driver about the presence of problems. If it was extinct, open the hood, to access DPDZ, and check the device.
• Prepare a multimeter, with which further verification will be performed.
• Check the presence of "minus".
• If there is no desire to cast each wire, make it easier - pierce needed wires And make measurement. Similar steps to search for "Mass". Ignition, during the verification process, it is not required.

After the preliminary work, your task is to check the fact of the supply of nutrition on DPDZ. It is worth the origin that the voltage directly depends on the model of the vehicle. For some machines, this is 5 volts, and for others - 12. To determine the malfunction of DPDZ, act according to the following algorithm:

1. Turn on the ignition and pierce the wire of the desired chain alternately. The multimeter display should turn around the parameter 0.7 V.
2. Open the throttle of the throttle manually and look at the device. Now the voltage should be higher than 4 volts.
3. Turn off the ignition and discard one connector. Immediately after that, connect the dipstream multimeter - between the remaining wire and output from the slider.
4. Scroll the sector manually and follow the instrument readings. If they grow without sharp jumps, the throttle sensor is functioning correctly, and there are no malfunctions. Otherwise, we can talk about the formation of scrap (damage) on the track of the resistor.

The indicators mentioned above are important, because they directly affect the correct operation of the ECU block. The task of this electronic device It is the control of the main processes of the motor, including the supply of fuel to the injectors. If the control unit receives incorrect numbers, then the solutions them are also erroneous. For example, the throttle of the throttle is fully open, and the ECU still sees it in a closed position. If there are similar symptoms, the malfunction of the DPDZ is obvious and the device must be changed.

Throttle position sensor

The procedures described, to identify breakage, is not always enough. In some cases, additional inspections may be required to eliminate faults in the future. When identifying one of the following problems, it is better to change the sensor. Moreover, the cost of the device is low, and after replacement, such long-stayed stability will appear in the operation of the motor.

Pay attention to the following points:

• Condition of a variable film type resistor. If the DPDS devices are present on the tracks or scuffs, the electronic control unit receives erroneous parameters.
• Does the normal opening of the contacts of the XX occurs.

There were ate based on the results of the check, after all, it was possible to identify the fact of the fault, and you replaced the throttle sensor, then in the additional adjustment of the device (after the installation is complete) there is no need. Zero mark for the part is idle when the throttle is blocked. Consequently, it is not necessary to attract a specialist to work - you can cope on your own.

WHY DPDZ sensor can break?

It is important to understand that it can cause damage to the sensor under consideration. Of course, it is impossible to completely eliminate the malfunction, but it is quite realistic to reduce the problems of minimum.

Causes of malfunction of DPDZ:

• The slider loses contact with the resistive layer. The reason is a breakdown of the tip, which is why there are styles on the substrate, and then fail and the remaining items. At the same time, the sensor can continue to continue to work (albeit with failures) - until the moment until the resistive layer is erected at all. As a result, the core breaks finally. It is not always possible to notice such a malfunction to DPDZ, so the problem may continue to disguise for other troubles. For example, a car owner may have suspicion of low quality fuel or other problems.
• The linear increase in the outlet voltage does not occur. This is possible when the device is erased to base, at the point of the start of the movement of the slider.

Note that with such a malfunction, additional signals indicating the presence of problems of the throttle sensor is not provided. Consequently, the only thing that the auto owner should navigate - the stability of the motor in various modes.

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