What fuel consumption GAZ 51. History of machine creation

06.03.2020

The release of the legendary truck GAZ-51 took place in the fiftieth-seventies of the last century, this car became a legend of his time. For all time with the stream, about three and a half million trucks have sued. Recently, this model is almost not found on the roads, but its popularity is large enough.

The history of the creation of a legendary truck begins with pre-war times. No less known by that time morally outdated and did not respond to the requirements.
GAZ-51 - Soviet truck, the load capacity of which is 2.5 tons. The most popular model of the truck, which was produced from 1950 to 1970

The first samples of this car were developed even before the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, and the serial production of this car began in 1946, immediately after its end. After 10 years, in 1955 a new upgraded model of this car was developed - GAZ-51A, which from this moment was produced until 1975.

Designing the basic version of this car, which was first wearing the name GAZ-11-51 began long before the war, in the winter of 1937. The concept of a new car was formulated extremely accurately - it was necessary to develop very simple and reliable freight carwhich would be assembled from the best, by the standards of those times, ideally processed and thoroughly proven parts.

In June 1938, the production of nodes was launched, and in the winter of 1939 - their assembly. In May of the same year, the new model of the car began to undergo road tests. They ended in the summer of 1940. At the same time, the first experienced copy of the car was presented at the All-Union exhibition of agriculture in Moscow, as one of the best samples of the Soviet automotive industry.

Not satisfied with the carrying capacity of the machine, the reliability of nodes and units. Also did not reach the desired level. It was necessary to create a new truck - simple, and at the same time reliable.

Project development began in 1937, at the same time it was decided to create a new six-cylinder engine. Load capacity of the new cargo machine was planned to increase to two tons.

Since the summer of 1938, work began to manufacture nodes for a new car, and in the May Days of 1939, the first experimental model was tested at the landfill.

The car first appropriated the name associated with the brand of the new 6-cylinder engine GAZ 11, the model had a gas index 11 51.

This looks like a vehicle modification GAZ 11 51

The tests were performed quite successfully, the prototype of the future truck was shown by gas developers at the Moscow exhibition of agriculture, held in the last pre-war year. Everything went to launch GAZ-51 into mass production, but the war intervened in the plans.

Testing B. road conditions It was successful that it was possible to start the facility in 1941 to take over the serious preparation of the GAZ-51 mass production, but this prevented the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. Some details OT. this car (Motor, clutch, gearbox, cardan hinges) by that time have already been successfully produced by the factory. At that moment, they found their use in others, more sought-after cars at that time.

Work on the serial release of the car resumed only in 1943. The dynamic development of automotive equipment in the war years has made their changes to the design of this car. Lead Designer Plant, A.D. Prosvirin has completely recomposed and thoroughly finalized the car. After his actions from the previously developed model of the car, which was planned to be released in a pre-war time, in fact, only the name itself remained. Due to the fact that in wartime, the designers have accumulated a fairly serious operating experience on combat engines of engines with six cylinders, they were subsequently able to thoroughly refine and maximize, at that time, to improve the motor, as well as all serving systems.

The project was added very well to the brake-driven drive on hydraulics in the global practice. In addition, the constructors also developed a more modern and comfortable cabin for a new truck and changed its facing. The size of the tires increased, its carrying capacity increased a couple of times - to the most optimal at that time 2.5 tons. They also managed to reach up to 80 percent of the unification with the other model of the car, its all-wheel drive option called GAZ-63. The latter was designed in parallel with GAZ-51, right on neighboring layouts. The engine unification also stopped at 80% with a four-cylindrous engine designed for the future "victory".

Specifications of the first models GAZ 51

Type of car - dump truck;
Wheel formula - 4 × 2;
Full mass of auto, kg - 2710;
Full mass of the road train, kg - 7500;
Load capacity, kg - 2500;
Platform area, M2 - no data;
Platform volume, m3 - no data;
Mass of the oven car, kg - 2710;
Maximum spin (km / h) - 70;
GAZ-51 engine carburetor, 2800 rpm;
Engine power (hp) - 70;
Gearbox - mechanical;
Number of gears - 4;
Transmission number of leading bridges - no data;
Suspension - Spring;
Tire size - 7.50-20;
Fuel tank - 90;
Cab - double, capotic layout.

Overall dimensions of the truck GAZ 51

Modifications GAZ-51

Based on the base model GAZ-51, many different modifications were created. Vans, buses, various special techniques were produced. Trucks had their own package for the operation of the machines in hot climatic conditions. "Lawns" and for the Soviet Army were supplied, exported to countries with temperate climates. There was a fire technician, postal vans, autotower were produced. Cars were produced, which could work on natural or oil gas.

Here are some basic modifications created on the basis of GAZ-51:

Specifications

During all modernization carried out, the main mass of GAZ 51 gradually decreased, and ultimately became a little more carrying capacity. The cabin was also improved - the first postwar years was predominantly wooden. But the production of metal in the country was gradually established, and closer to 1950 the cladding of GAZ 51 became a combined, even later the cab was already produced already all-metal.

Cabins of experienced pre-war cabin samples GAZ 51 external species More reminded cars Thoms. But before starting the truck in the series, the design of the cab change - it began to resemble a "studebed", but only in a reduced form. Starting from 1956, the car's salon was heated, it was not equipped with a gas 51 stove.

So looks like a gas stove GAZ 41

GAZ 51 had the following specifications:

Cab - metal stamped with rounded shapes;
The number of places in the cab - 2;
The mass of a fully equipped car - 2710 kg;
Load capacity - 2.5 tons;
Wheel drive - rear (4x2);
Extremely permitted speed - 70 km / h;
The maximum permissible turnover of the crankshaft is 2800 revolutions per minute;
Gearbox - mechanical 4-speed, non-crown;
Main transmission - type conical;
Engine volume - 3,485 l;
The number of cylinders in the engine is 6;
The location of the valves in the DVS is the bottom, in the cylinder block;
The degree of compression (with the aluminum head of the cylinder block) - 6.2;
Road clearance - 24.5 cm;
Fuel consumption of 20 liters per 100 km of run (perhaps, this is low data).

Technical characteristics of a gas truck 51

GAZ-51 is a cargo car of the Soviet period, popular in the 50s of the last century. Load capacity of 2.5 tons allowed to use the machine in almost all sectors of the national economy of the USSR. The model was a fairly reliable on-board truck. For 30 years of continuous production from the conveyor, 3,480 thousand cars of various modifications took place.

History of creation

In 1937 at Gorkovsky automotive factory The Molotov named was launched a project to create a new middle class truck. The concept of the machine was indicated clearly: for the needs of the country's national economy, a universal, reliable and unpretentious carrier was required. Such a car has become GAZ-51, whose technical characteristics from the very beginning were quite good.

Test

In the summer of 1938, the production of main nodes and aggregates launched, in January 39, the first experienced specimens were collected, and after a year and a half, the new car was tested. In the summer of 1940, the GAZ-51 car was exhibited at the VDNH in Moscow as the best achievement of Soviet engineering.

Pre-war period

In the spring of 1941, the technical documentation was transferred to the plant's assembly shop to launch the car into mass production. But the war began, and the release of a new car had to suspend. Extensions for aggregates were useful for other cars, including military purposes. Engine and Box GAZ-51, Cardan shaft with crosses on needle bearings, clutch with released Bearing And other nodes were used in the production of military equipment.

Start of release

After the end of the war, the Gorkovsky plant continued to prepare for the mass production of GAZ-51, and by the end of 1945 the installation lot was released in the amount of 20 cars. New car Immediately proven itself as reliable and inexpensive truck. GAZ-51 was improved, and the transmission of the machine worked flawlessly. The release continued, and in 1946 3,136 cars came to the country roads.

Speed \u200b\u200bcharacteristics

The model turned out to be extremely simple. It was the first in the USSR truly successful development that did not require improvements. Characteristic GAZ-51 was impeccable. The car was high-speed, his cruising velocity was about 75 km / h. The car stably kept the road, differing from this ease of control. Enough soft suspension In combination with effective hydraulic shock absorbers allowed to develop the speed of over forty kilometers per hour country roadsThat was a tangible advantage in comparison with other vehicles.

Stalinsky Prize

The performance of the GAZ-51 was higher than that of the popular "three-touch" ZIS-5, while the Gorky car spent fuel to 30% less. Taking into account all the advantages of both speed and economic, the car was recognized as the most suitable for the needs of agriculture. Since the end of 1946, almost all cars directly from the conveyor were sent to collective farms and state farms. And in 1947, a group of car creators together with the chief designer of the Gorky Plant A. A. Lipgartom was awarded the Stalin Prize.

Expansion of production

Gamin USSR monthly filed an application for GAZ-51 in an amount that significantly exceeding the possibility of production. Thus, the question of expanding assembly sites. In 1948, the release of popular cars was mastered at the Odessa car mooring factory, and in 1950 the conveyor was launched in Irkutsk, where production lasted from 1950 to 1952, then the release of trucks turned into a number of reasons. In Odessa, cars were produced for 27 years. The last car that came down from the conveyor on April 2, 1975, was sent at the factory museum.

Engine

The power plant machine fully corresponded to the tasks that were put in front of the truck. The optimal volume of cylinders allowed to develop sufficient power to move in any mode. The GAZ-51 engine possessed the following characteristics:

type - gasoline;
the number of clocks - 4;
the volume of cylinders - 3,485 cm / cm;
power - 70. horse power at 2750 turns per minute;
torque - 200 nm at 1500 revolutions per minute;
the location of the cylinders is inline;
the number of cylinders is 6;
number of valves - 12;
the diameter of the cylinder is 82 mm;
compression ratio - 6.2;
cooling system - circulating liquid, circuit circuit;
power system - carburetor.

Improvements

Motor is a successor power plant GAZ-11, which was once created on the basis of the Nizhneechane Motor of Chrysler under a license of 1937. The piston group was constantly improved, the sleeves were installed from a special wear-resistant cast iron, compression piston rings were chromed, new bimetallic (steelbabite) liners for indigenous and connecting crankshaft necks were developed. As a result of the use of technical innovations, the engine resource increased significantly.

Modernization

During the upgrades, the head of the aluminum block and the plug-in seats for valves were applied. The car gradually absorbed all advanced technologies, its design systemfully improved. In 1954, the cabin machine became all-metal, at the same time a heater was installed. The new cabin has become an incentive to change the form of the front, the facing acquired a more modern appearance, the wings with the headlights organically fit into the common style. Special vertical blinds were installed behind the radiator lattice, which prevented excessive engine cooling in winter.

Export

In 1949, a modification was developed for GAZ-51U, which was intended to be sent abroad to countries with a temperate climate. The car was exported for six years, from 1949 to 1955, in small series. The design bureau of the Gorkovsky Automobile Plant also developed a GAZ-51, adapted to the operation in a tropical climate. This modification was produced for almost twenty years, from 1956 to 1975. Trucks sent to Africa and Asia, where they were used on construction sites or used as ordinary vehicle For the transport of goods and livestock.

The export also supplied the model increased lifting capacity - GAZ-51B. The car body was accompanied by 3.5 tons. Production continued from 1957 to 1975. The car was equipped with an engine capacity of 78 horsepower, the rear axle GAZ-51 was borrowed from the All-wheel drive all-wheel drive of GAZ-63. Increased tires of increased size - 8.25x20.

Another export modification is GAZ-51DU. It was a car for regions with a temperate climate, produced on the basis of a dumping chassis.

GAZ-51 for a dumping basis GAZ-93AT was exported to countries with a tropical climate.

Saddle tractors were also supplied to the export: GAZ-51PU was intended for countries with moderate climatic conditions, GAZ-51PU - for hot regions.

Modifications

For the thirty-year period of production of a popular truck on its basis, special models of various purposes were created. The list presents experienced and serial modifications GAZ-51:

All-wheel drive car two-axis (wheel formula 4x4). Rear axle GAZ-51 was equipped with single wheels. The serial release of the model continued from 1948 to 1946. The car was supplied on logging and in the forest area as auxiliary transport increased passibility. BORE OF THE BODY STRONGED, the car was completed with arcs to install the awning.
GAZ-93 - construction dump truck with a lifting capacity of 2.25 tons, layout on the shorten chassis GAZ-51. Made by the small series of the Odessa assembly plant. The release lasted from 1948 to 1955.
GAZ-51N - Army truck with a body from the GAZ-63 model, an additional gas tank of 105 liters and folding longitudinal seats along the sides. Serially produced from 1948 to 1975.
GAZ-51B is a modification with a gas-founded fuel system operating on natural liquefied gas. Released in small batches from 1949 to 1960 on the basis of GAZ-51A.
GAZ-51Zh is a model equipped with a basin device operating on oil liquefied gas. Produced by limited parties from 1954 to 1959. The total number of cars on gas fuels that have come down from the conveyor - 12212.
GAZ-51A - onboard base car, was distinguished by an extended body with high sides. Used on agricultural cleaning. Produced serially from 1955 to 1975.
GAZ-51F - a small modification, equipped with an engine with an ignition of the forkamer-flame type with a capacity of 80 horsepower. The car was produced in 1955.
GAZ-51C - specialized modification with an additional fuel tank of 105 liters. The car was intended for long journeys. Serial was produced from 1956 to 1975.
GAZ-51SE is a highly specialized model equipped with a reserve fuel tank of 105 liters and shielded electrical equipment. The car was focused on working in the zones of electromagnetic waves.
GAZ-51R - cargo taxi with the possibility of transporting people. Folded seats were mounted along the sides, the back side was equipped with a door and a staircase. Serial release continued from 1956 to 1975.
GAZ-51T - the car was intended for the carriage of large cargo. Modification was produced by small series from 1956 to 1975.
GAZ-51P - tractor with a saddle device for towing semi-trailers with a carrying capacity of up to 3 tons. Was produced from 1956 to 1975.
GAZ-51D - a specialized chassis with a tripled 320 mm frame was intended for gas-93a, GAZ-93B, SAZ-2500 brand dump trucks. Cars serially produced from 1958 to 1975.
GAZ-93A - construction dump truck. It was produced at the shortened chassis GAZ-51A from 1958 to 1975 in Odessa and Saransk.
Capotional small buses: Kavz-651a, Paz-651a, Paz-651, GZA-651 on 19 seats. We were produced on the GAZ-51 chassis. The production was established at the Kurgan Bus Plant (Kavz) in 1958-1973, the Gorky Plant of Buses (GZA) in 1949 and at the Pavlovsk Bus Plant (PAZ) in 1950-1958.
Paz-651 passenger buses on GAZ-51 chassis were made at the factories in Kiev, Tartu, Kaunas, Tosno and Borisov. In Sochi in 1955, a hundred excursion buses Type "Convertible" with an open top.
GZA-653 - Sanitary car. Gutkovsky bus factory was produced from 1958 to 1975.
On the chassis GAZ-51 and GAZ-63 cars were made special purpose: tank trucks, furniture vans, isothermal cars, bread maker, fire trucks, utility and repair, autotower and many others.

Tuning

Some cars of the past, the release of which ceased many years ago, sometimes get a second life. Enthusiasts and collectors are engaged in the restoration of machines of the 50-60s. They find in landfills or in abandoned garages preserved rarities, transported into their workshops and there is already a long and painstaking process of the revival of the car.

Simultaneously with restoration, the exterior is often updated. This creative process is called tuniting. As a result, the machine can radically change its appearance.

GAZ-51, whose tuning has become possible due to the use of the latest technologies and the latest technical means, is one of the cars of the middle of the last century, which have good potential for reincarnation.

At the first stage, it is necessary to make a list of all changes that the tuning masters intend to make a car exterior. The accuracy of the drawings is important. GAZ-51, whose tuning can be complicated by the dimensions of the machine, should be carefully measured and make two sets of technical documentation - the original sizes and parameters of the changes. Then you can proceed to work. For a full tuning, the equipment in the assortment of the repair workshop is needed: gas welding, Bulgarian, drilling machine, a set of plumbing tools, painting equipment.

GAZ-51, whose technical characteristics are considered ideal for tuning conditions, can be a good object for creativity. The tuned car can be a participant in the exhibition of rare automotive equipment, as well as the fair sales of old vehicles. If the rarity is in good technical conditionHe will be able to take part in the reflement or even in competitions.

GAZ-51 - the most mass truck Soviet production in the period from the end of the 40s to the mid-70s of the twentieth century. Universal car A lifting capacity of 2.5 tons was widespread in all spheres of the national economy of the USSR and socialist countries at that period and subsequent years.

In total, during the years of serial release (1946-1975), 3,481,033 cars of GAZ-51 were produced. Tens of thousands of these trucks have released auto plants built with the help of the Soviet Union in Poland, China and North Korea. Next - Details of the device and operation of GAZ-51.

If it were not for war, GAZ-51 would be launched into mass production already in 1941. Preparation for this was conducted from 1937, and everything necessary for this was already ready. Design, development, testing of a new universal people's truck, approval of this model and its preparation for launching in the "Series" were completed. GAZ-51 from the experimental party in the summer of 1940 was exhibited at the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition in Moscow.

This cargo car, which came to replace the pre-war half-timer and gas-mm, in terms of its technical execution, were practically non-performing with predecessors.

GAZ-51 design in last years Wars were subjected to total audit and modernization. A group of designers, led by Alexander Svirnin, tried to take into account the best experience gained during the operation of cargo equipment in wartime. Including trucks delivered from the United States under the Lend Lisa Treaty.

In accordance with this experience, not only the engine and serving its systems were improved. The design was laid a new hydraulic brake drive at that time; Changes touched the cabin, and cladding.

The size of the wheels was decided to increase the carrying capacity to bring to the optimal 2.5 tons. A serious work was carried out to ensure a significant (up to 80%) unification with the all-wheel drive, the future basic army version of the truck.

The experimental ("installation") Party of 20 GAZ-51 trucks was released in 1945, and the year 1946 has already given the national economy of a ruined war and a reviving country of 3136 serial trucks of this brand. The first years of operation showed that GAZ-51 largely exceeded its predecessors (even a three-tonite) in all articles.

It was high-speed (for those times, of course, the speed is 75 km / h), reliable, economical, durable and straightened, and is also comfortable and easy to control. Compared to predecessors, GAZ-51 had a softer suspension with new efficient shock absorbers. Significantly ahead of all of it and in terms of performance, demonstrating smaller fuel consumption.

GAZ-51 in the workshop of the Gorky Auto Plant.

In the fall of 1947, a controlled rally of GAZ-51 was conducted at a 5500-kilometer route: from Gorky to Moscow, from there through Belarus and Ukraine - to Moldova, and back to Gorky. The truck showed itself flawlessly.

GAZ-51 production was constantly increasing, reaching its maximum in 1958, when more than 173,000 trucks of this brand were released for the year. Additionally, their production was established at the Odessa and Irkutsk motor assembly plants. In addition, the Soviet Union helped to establish the production of copies of GAZ-51 in Poland (the truck was made entitled "Lublin-51", in North Korea (Sogrri-58) and the People's Republic of China (Yuejin-130).
The latest GAZ-51 truck came down from the Borkovsky Auto Plant conveyor on April 2, 1975 and went to the Museum of the Enterprise.

Specifications GAZ-51

Our days. "Live and healthy" GAZ-51 on the roads of the capital.

GAZ-51 on virgin.

Some technical innovations used in the design of the car are subsequently applied by Soviet and foreign roads and on cars of other brands. Among them:

wear-resistant, made of special cylinders, motor cylinder sleeves;
covered with chromed alloy piston rings;
radiator vertical blinds;
the preheater, working through a soldering lamp (who knows a person may think about the warming of the pallet of the crankcase and oil, as the chasophers sometimes do and today. In fact, the coolant was heated in the heater boiler, and on the thermosphon's principle circulated in the cooling shirt, warming up cylinders and combustion chambers);
oil radiator (their use has significantly strengthened the durability of the engine),
bimetallic thin-walled liners crankshaft (Steel-Babbite, instead of bonded bearings filled with babbit, and subsequently - aluminum steel).

The engine received lubrication of the bearing of the crankshaft and distributional shafts under pressure and replaceable liners, high-quality oil filtration, adjusting the gaps in the valve drive, the carburetor with the "incident" flow of a combustible mixture, a closed-type cooling system with forced circulation. Now the driver could control the oil pressure and the water temperature in the instrument engine - before such instruments were not at all.

The work of the driver was significantly facilitated: with the advent of automatic adjustment of the ignition advance angles, and the addition of the generator - the need to constantly adjust them to "on the Witch", the lever on the steering wheel, and the switch under the hood. The gearbox was changed and a completely new cardan transmission with crosses on needle bearings was applied.

The rear axle received a fundamentally new design of differential and semi-axes, simplifying the repair of the entire unit. There were easily-sensitive and non-axes of the hub of the rear wheels on dual roller bearings. The lever-cable mechanical drive of the brakes was replaced by a hydraulic engine and differentiated distribution of brake force between the front and rear wheels.

The only front transverse spring with reactive traction gave way to two longitudinal packages, and the rear cantilever "cantilever" suspension with its reactive traction was replaced by simpler, and designed for higher loads, habitual suspension today with "pre-sodes".

Generally accepted in the practice of global cargo automotive industry steel used on GAZ-51: Aluminum block of block, plug-in valves, adjustable heating of the mixture, dual oil filtering, closed crankcase ventilation. Double oil purification worked on drainage, and the oil was served to rubbing items after a single coarse cleaning. The new word in the automotive industry was also used on GAZ-51 light-resistant brake drums. For those years, these were extremely advanced and progressive solutions.

Length - 5.715 m; Width - 2,280 m; Height - 2,130 m.
Road clearance - 245 mm.
Wheel base - 3.3 m.
The rear track is 1.650 m; Front track - 1.589 m.
Outline weight - 2.710 tons; Full weight - 5,150 tons.
Tire size - 7.50: 20.

GAZ-51 engine

The motor of a given truck is an improved modification of the gasoline engine of GAZ-11, created on the Gorky Auto Plant in the 30s on the basis of the license of the American Low-shaded row motor "Dodge D-5". Characteristics of four-stroke 6 cylinder carburetor Engine GAZ-51 in numbers:

The operating volume of cylinders is 3,485 cm / cubic.;
Power - 70 horsepower at 2750 revolutions per minute;
Torque - 200 nm at 1500 revolutions per minute;
Number of valves - 12;
The diameter of the cylinder is 82 mm;
Compression ratio - 6.2;
Fuel consumption (low-octane gasoline A-56, A-66) - 20-25 liters per 100 km.

Engine GAZ-51.

The closed hermetic engine cooling system on the serial truck of this plant was applied for the first time. This reduced the loss of water from evaporation to a minimum. And the last, in turn, together more rarely need to top up the water in the heat, gave a significant decrease in scale in the system.

For the first time, blinds and thermostat were also applied. For the production of the machine, the cooling system received a single fundamental change. Until 1955, the fan and water pump drive was used by twin narrow straps, and after the engine received only one, but a wider and durable belt drive of the aggregates.

The lubrication system received two filters, and on the pre-war semi-third of the oil filtering was not at all, except for the mesh in the oil pump. Plate-slit all-metal coarse filter cleaned all the oil taken by the pump from the pallet. He had a mechanism for manually turning plates and their daily cleaning. Oil after the first stage of cleaning came on the lubricant of all working details. After pre-cleaning in the first filter, the oil part of the oil was carried out into a fine-purification filter of the ASFO type, (car superfilter sump), with a filtering element from cardboard plates collected into a single block. The purified oil after this filter on the lubricant was not supplied, and through the drainage highway merged back to the pallet. But due to this, the turnover of oil through both consecutive filters was quite intense, which ensured its normal cleaning for a relatively small, (1,500 to 2,000 km), but prescribed by the service life of the service life.

GAZ-51, as in a number of other machines of this pore, had "permanent gas", a compulsory fixed opening of the throttle of the carburetor with a special manual drive from the vehicle. First, when driving the engine, it was not necessary to abuse the "s) with an air damper enriching a combustible mixture," the motor kept turns well and on the hand "Gaza". And secondly, the low intensity of the road in those years far Flights Allowed to ride on the "autopilot" - including the fourth speed, and exposing the necessary engine speeds, not to "bind" to the accelerator pedal, and sit in any free pose, only working the steering wheel.

Original according to the current standards, a gas station was arranged with a glass glass-sump. Without dealing with it, you can always see his work, control the purity of the filter, and check the lack of air supply over the diaphragm and gaskets. I did not need any tool for removing the cap, cleaning the sludge and purging the filter. The truth was also a disadvantage: in the heat a large glass sump provoked a cluster inside the steam plugs and refusal to benzopod. In this case, there was not a rag hung it, watered with cold water, and the car could continue the path.

Despite the relatively small power, the GAZ-51 engine has an excellent burden. You could start the car even when the starter was out of order, and with a battery idle, either without it without it - letting the handle of the manual "starter curve".

It should be noted that the GAZ-51 engine did not possess a significant margin of strength in the event of a long work on high revolutions and serious loads. The engine could fail due to the smelting of babbit from bimetallic crankshaft liners.

With a long work at high turnover, the oil supply was insufficient, and the lack of increased transmission and the main pair of the rear axle with a large gear ratio contributed to the "twisting" of the low-speed motor. Therefore, to preserve the high resource and durability of the engine, the carburetor had a speed limiter, and the maximum practical speed of GAZ-51 did not exceed 75 km / h, regardless of road conditions.

In the first machines with a tree - metal cabin, a 105 liter gas tank was located under the body. After the introduction of all-metal cabins, a 90-liter fuel tank was located under the driver's seat. The chasters received a good gift in the form of a high bayful neck with a wide fool. Now the car on the way could be used, without being flexing, at least from the bucket. Another pleasant surprise has become a regular measuring line of fuel residue, in case of refusal of an electric gas station.

Transmission, suspension, chassis, cargo platform GAZ-51

The layout of GAZ-51, with the engine shifted forward and the cab (that with a sufficiently short base made it possible to have a rather long truck platform) was traditional for cargo vehicles as a whole.

GAZ-51 transmission includes a union dry type clutch, a 4-speed gearbox without synchronizers and single-stage main transmission.

On the engines of the first release machines, a semi-centrifugal adhesion was used. "Basket" had additional weights on the outdoor ends of the squeezed levers, which, with an increase in the rotor of the engine, were dispersed to the sides, and contributed to an increase in the compression force of the pressure and slave disks. And in the future, more powerful peripheral pressure springs began to be applied.

The simplest mechanical clutch drive consisted of a shaft with a crank, and threaded thrust with a special "shaped" adjusting nut. The shaft rotated the clutch pedal attached on it, the shutdown traction joined the crank, and her nut was included in the special jet jet jack.

Rear Axle GAZ-51.

The car used a four-speed three-way gearbox. For its basis, she repeated the PPC of the pre-war half-timer - the same gear ratios, 1 - 6, 4; 2 - 3.09; 3 - 1.69; 4 - 1.0; Z.Kh. - 7.82, the same lack of synchronizers. But these aggregates were non-visible among themselves due to different forms of crankcases, and different ends of secondary shafts designed for the connection with completely different cardan transmissions.

Due to the lack of synchronizers, it was necessary to switch transmissions with double clutch shutdown. During the acceleration of the car, when you first click on the pedal, the previous transmission turned off, and when you press the next required speed, the next required speed turned on. And when the speed is reduced, there was still a small "podagazka" for a better leveling of the revolutions of the intermediate and secondary shafts.

The design of the gas-51 truck suspension is dependent, but in essence modern even according to the current standards: 4 longitudinal, semi-elliptic springs and two sub-axis on the rear axle (which is comparable and with the modern generation of the Gorky Auto Plant -). The solution to the decision can be called and the introduction of hydraulic lever shock absorbers 2x-third-party in the front suspension of GAZ-51. The hard front axle, with heavy kingle and swivel fist, has a positive effect on the stability and manageability of the car.

The GAZ-51 gearbox was interesting feature - Forced locking of the reverse transmission. Accidentally turn on the "reverse" at the high speed of the machine, confusing it with a direct transmission, it was impossible. To turn on the reverse, the driver was supposed to press the special check box next to the "knob" lever of the gear shift lever. Traction from the flag, repeated the shape and length of the lever itself, assted in the direction of the ratchet with the spring of the automatic lock.

The cardan transmission with two shafts and intermediate support had three crosses on needle bearings.

The rear axle of the car was going inside the beam with a crankcase. He had a "straight" single main gear - the axis of the lead gear and the semi-axes of the wheels were located in the same plane. The gearbox had a gear ratio of 6.67 units., And later found the use of the leading bridges of three-axis trucks and. The semi-axes of the rear axle were completely unloaded, and were filmed-installed regardless of the attachment of the hubs of the rear wheels.

The frame of the car with open spars of a chaveler type and alternating section, has five combined across them across and removable crossing the rear engine support.

The rear suspension consisted of major springs that had 13 sheets, and additional "pre-sodgers", which had 7 sheets. The main springs had one indigenous sheet, and was attached to the frame hinged, on the lubricated steel fingers, and additional packages There were only a support sliding landing on the brackets. In the rear suspension trucks, the shock absorbers were not installed. They relied only for the chassis of buses of the Kapott layout of the model "651", and Paz-653 sanitary cars.

The front springs had 11 sheets - two indigenous, one for one guided, and one "reverse" sheet, which was laid on top of the root. "Reverse" sheet, unlike all other sheets in the package, was not curved in the opposite direction, but straight. And the indigenous sheets were dual, since their ears with different twist diameters were one to another. The front springs, as well as the rear knots, were attached to the lubricated fingers.

The shock absorbers in the front suspension until the mid-60s were used by a lever type, and then were replaced by telescopic nodes.

The front axle of the car consisted of a simple transverse beam and swivel fists wheels. Swivel fists In the horizontal plane, they relied on special stubborn ball bearings, and vertically were installed on a slide with sliding bearings, the role of which was performed by bronze bushings. This design of the front, non-leading axis is applied on gas trucks, including on the 3309 model.

Gas-51 car wheels with a tire size of 7.50 x 20 inches for all the production time had three varieties. In the 40s, disks with two windows, type ZIS-5 were used. In the 50s, and the first half of the 60s were used "six-foam" wheels like ZIS-151, with onboard and lock rings. And from the second half of the 60s, the hexoral discs with a single on-board split ring, which also had the functions of the key, began to be installed.

More information should be stopped on the mounting of the wheels. It was typical, and on fastening products - and unified with most Soviet trucks. And now, in favor of "Western Democratic Values", such a fastening of the wheels almost everywhere went down in history.

Fastening threaded products for the front and rear wheels were not the same. There were nuts for the front wheels, as well as kits for the rear dual skates, which were attached independently from each other. The inner wheels of the rear axle were mounted with special internal cap nuts - Futors, with outdoor, and internal threads, and outdoor cylinders, - with special nuts working on the outer threads of Fututook. Internal threads and Futortook, and in the nuts of the front wheels, were the same, which gave the opportunity not only to unify the heels of the front and rear StupitsBut, if necessary, use Futors on the front hubs.

Independent mounting of the rear wheels excluded the possibility of their simultaneous loss on the go, which is increasingly included in the "Gazelle", because it will not begin to "play" on his glamorous nuts, the outer skate, pressed them on their feutto the inner balloon, will not even straight from the place! For Futorok, and both varieties of nuts, there was a unified Soviet Union-Unified Truck "Baloon" with opposite heads. The head with a hexagon on "38" relied for nuts of the front wheels and the outer nuts of the rear rods, and the opposite head with a square to "22", - for Futortook.

To prevent self-deployment of fasteners when turning the wheels, they had a different thread direction. For the left side of the car, details were relying with left-threads, and for the wheels of the right side - with the classic right slicing. Nuts and Futortois left, and the right threads differed out outwardly. At the "left" products of all three types first were characteristic grooves in the middle of the faces, and then the "Oh" marking on the face was finished, and Futortook, in the center of the squares of turnkey - the letter "L"

The cargo platform of the car was mounted from a tree. If necessary, the folding back board could be used as a continuation of the floor - for this they served the chains, while folding off the holding board in a horizontal position. The internal sizes of the GAZ-51 body (length x width of the height) are as follows: 2.940 x 1,990 x 0.540 m. The height increased as much as necessary, with the help of sandwiches. The new body with three folding sides (+ side) on GAZ-51 began to be installed since 1955.

On GAZ-51, the original, and a fairly convenient bright fitting of the spare wheel was applied. It was performed in the form of a folding bracket that had "working" and "transport" fixation, and its ratchet and threaded fasteners. If necessary, spinning, shofor with a regular "cullennik" unscrewed the supply lock nut of the folding bracket, which continued to hold the lock of the working fixation. Further, the lever of the remote drive of this lock was pressed, and the bracket with a spare wheel was folded until it stops on the road. After that, all the same balointers unscrewed two nuts for fastening the wheels to the holder. How the reader is guessing, all three nuts of the holder - the same as on the right front wheel. After installation on the holder of the punched skate, the driver is manually or using a regular jack, pressed the installed wheel into a horizontal position. Trigted the lock automatic fixation of the holder in the working position. Then the carriage of transport fixation was twisted, and the wheel. This decision of the Donun is applied on all large "lawns".

GAZ-51 truck cab

According to modern standards, the truck cabin looks more than Spartan. However, compared to the cabin booth, it is more than comfortable and ergonomic. On the dashboard, unlike the same half-one, there is already a complete set of devices familiar and in modern cars.

In the cabin of cars of later years of release there is even a clock - like in passenger cars. Windscreen can be raised forward / up, in the summer in the evening the flow of counter air in the cabin. Unusual exotic is the manual drive of wiper wipers. But - as an additional and reserve, of course. And the main mode of operation had a vacuum drive from discharge in the intake manifold.

Since the metal in the postwar years was lacked, the cabin until 1950 was wooden (tree bars, plywood and tarpaulin); then - combined, wooden and metal; And since 1954 - all-metal, heated.

The rational design of the front of the machine, with the hood-coated forward, was, to some extent, revived in the Trucks of the Gorky factory of the late 90s / early 2000s (GAZ-3307 and similar to this family model).

Modifications of the car GAZ-51 (in chronological order)

- GAZ-51 N - Army option, with a lattice body from GAZ-63, equipped benches along the sides, as well as with an additional gas tank for 105 liters. Produced from 1948 to 1975.
- GAZ-51 U - Export option, for temperate climate. Was produced from 1949 to 1955.
- GAZ-51 well - Export modification of the army version of the truck, for the countries of the moderate climate. Produced from 1949 to 1975.
- GAZ-51 B - A gas-challenge operating on compressed gas. Produced from 1949 to 1960.
- GAZ-41. - An experienced modification at a half-sized move was built in 1950.
- GAZ-51 F - Another gas option, to work on liquefied gas. Released from 1954 to 1959.
- GAZ-51 Zhu- Export gas chamber operating on liquefied gas for moderate climate.
- GAZ-51 A - Modernization of the GAZ-51 base model, which came to shift in 1955 and produced until 1975. It differs from the GAZ-51 of the cargo platform of increased sizes, folding side sides, an improved brake system.
- GAZ-51 F - An experienced party, equipped with an engine 80 hp, with an ignition of the forkamer-flame design with a capacity of 80 hp Was released in 1955.
- GAZ-51 AU - Export option for moderate climate, serial release has continued from 1956 to 1975.
- GAZ-51 - Export option for tropical climate, produced from 1956 to 1975.
- GAZ-51 C - Option equipped with an additional 105 liter fuel tank. Serial release was carried out from 1956 to 1975.
- GAZ-51 SE - Option with an additional 105-liter gas tank and shielded electrical equipment.
- GAZ-51 R - A cargo-passenger version, on the side of the body of which equipped with folding benches, and the door and staircase were provided in the back board. Produced from 1956 to 1975.
- GAZ-51 RU - Export version of the cargo-passenger modification, for moderate climate, production years - 1956-1975.
- GAZ-51 T - Truck taxi, 1956-1975.

GAZ-51P truck.

GAZ-51 P - Sadel tractor. Produced from 1956 to 1975. On the saddle tractor GAZ-51P for the first time in the USSR, a hydraulic brake booster was applied.
GAZ-51 PU - Export version of the saddle tractor, for moderate climate, production years - 1956-1975.
GAZ-51 PU - Export modification of the saddle tractor intended for the tropical climate was produced from 1956 to 1975.
GAZ-51 in - Export option, with an extended to 3.5 tons of lifting capacity. Was equipped with a 78-strong engine
GAZ-51V., increased tires of increased size up to 8.25-20 "and rear axle of all-wheel drive GAZ-63. The serial release was made in 1957-1975.
GAZ-51D - Chassis with a shortened frame, designed specifically for the dump trucks GAZ-93A, GAZ-93B and SAZ-2500, which were made by the Saransky and Odessa automotive plants. In mass production from 1958 to 1975.
GAZ-51 DU - Export version of the dumping chassis, for moderate climate.
GAZ-51 DU - Export version of the dumping chassis, for a tropical climate.

In addition to trucks, a number of small-class trap buses was built on the GAZ-51 chassis. They were released both in the bitter and in the Pavlovsky Bus Plant, and at the Kavg Korgan Bus Plant. As well as at the auto repair enterprises throughout the Soviet Union: in Borisov, Tartu, Tosno, Kiev, Kaunas, etc. Very colorful were about hundreds of sightseeing buses with open "convertible" bodies. GZa-653, Paz-653, AS- "- Sanitary buses-vans on GAZ-51 chassis.

Excursion bus on the basis of GAZ-51 in Gagra.

Countless large, medium and small enterprises on the expanses of the Union republics produced on the chassis GAZ-51 a variety specialized cars: furniture and isothermal vans; Baby carriage and tank trucks, firefighters and utility specials, autotower, mobile repair workshops, etc.

Article Published 18.11.2014 09:24 Last editing Produced 24.07.2015 11:15

In November 1953, the first preparatory brigades of the clerk conquerors arrived in the Kustanai Steppe. And although officially the rise of virgin began in 1954, the beginning of its development was laid when the builders team arrived at the place of future centenary state farms, who overwhelmed the barracks for future primuses. And the first brigades of the stakeholders who have not yet known that after 55 years, the Barak will call the American president, through deep snow on the bare steppe, they traveled to the place not at the aerials and not at all-terrain vessels, but on ordinary rear-wheel drive trucks.

The biography of this car began in 1937, when the Gorkovsky Automobile Plant named after the Molotov was instructed to develop a replacement for a morally obsolete half-timer. The need to replace the half-timer has long been long. Its organic disadvantages are the small reliability of the frame, suspension, front axle, the cardan transmission, the steering mechanism - did not give up any corrections, so a huge number of spare parts were required for a truck. Such a fragility was a consequence of the Marketing Policy of Henry Ford, the truck of which Ford AA was a prototype of the two-year. Ford installed on the finished car such a price that barely blocked the cost. But on the spare parts, he received 2.5 times big profit than on finished cars. Moscow - Repair of cardan shafts on Cardan.net.

Experienced Sample GAZ-11-51, 1939

Insufficient was the loading capacity of the two-year. Therefore, by the end of the 1930s, the party and the government represented by Stalin and Molotov began to think about mastering the production of a new truck. An experienced sample was made in the spring of 1941, managed to pass a full cycle of tests, but the introduction of it in the series delayed the beginning of the war.

Work on a promising car was resumed in 1943, but the experience of war, the presence of substantial adjustments before the eyes of the trophy and allied techniques was introduced into the design. The lead designer of the moods radically recomposed and finalized the truck, and from the pre-war GAZ-51, essentially the name remains.

First of all, the CABIN has undergone changes. If, by the car of 1941, the cabin was similar to the cabins of the then passengers, in 1943 it became similar to the reduced cabin of the studebera.

Although such a cabin looked in Spartan, compared to the cabin, she was a riding comfort and ergonomics. On the dashboard, unlike the same half-one, in which there was only a primitive speedometer, in which the arrow was not rotated, but the scale was present a complete set of devices, available in modern cars. There were even hours in the cabin - right as in victory. Windshield The cabins were not just a frontal, and also winds - lifting up, it could open, passing the head in the cabin. In the conditions of the Kazakhstan heat, such a technical solution could not be underestimated. In addition, a soft suspension with effective shock absorbers was designed for a truck. All this was done so that the driver felt like a broken driver, but a driver of a modern vehicle.

In addition to the cockpit, the changes were subjected to brake drive: instead of the initially provided mechanical brakes, a hydraulic brake cylinder appeared. The size of the tires were increased, with the result that instead of the suspected two-tone loading capacity, the weight of the maximum cargo reached 2.5 tons.

The famous GAZ-11 engine was used as a power unit.

A little about the engine.

The history of this engine began in 1928, when a six-cylinder low-flaped engine "Dodge-D5" was developed in the United States. The engine developed quite greater the specific power of 22-24 hp / liter and was fantastically reliable at the same time. Then, in the twenty-eighth, technical innovations were applied in the engine as replaceable bimetallic crankshaft bearings, thermostat in the cooling system, 100% oil filtering, plug-in hot splashing saddles, crankcase ventilation system, ignition advance, oxidated pistons Floating oil worker. The engine was very technological, and for the manufacture of its details nowhere, with the exception of the pistons, non-ferrous metals were used.

Dodge-D5 had cylinders with a diameter of 3¼ inches (82.55 mm), the piston stroke was 4 and 3/8 inches (111.1 mm), and its working volume was 3560 cu. cm.

In 1937, the main designer of Gaza Andrei Lipgart went to the United States to choose a prototype of a new Gazovsky engine, which was supposed to put on an upgraded EMC. By comparing many samples, he stopped the choice on D5. In the Union, the engine was redone under metric sizes. The diameter of the cylinder was rounded to 82 mm, and the piston move - to 110. As a result, the working volume was reduced to 3485 cube. See the degree of compression, on the contrary, increased from 5.6 to 6.5 units, as a result of which the engine power rose from 76 to 85 hp It is in this form that the motor was installed on EMCA, calling this modification of GAZ-11-73. The same engine was installed on its all-wheel drive version of GAZ-61.

However, its deformed option was installed, which developed only 70 hp. The compression ratio in it was left American so that instead of the 66th gasoline could be used the 56th.

In May and September 1944, two new samples were built with various design options, and in June 1945, two more finally spent pre-production samples were created. On June 19, 1945, GAZ-51, together with other new Soviet cars, was shown in the Kremlin Stalin and government members.

Already at the end of 1945, they released the installation batch in two dozen cars, and in 1946, 3136 serial trucks were released before completing the tests.

In terms of performance, not only one-week, but even the ZIS-5, consumed the fuel by 28% less than the half-one and 36% less than the ZIS-5.

In 1955, the car was upgraded, after which he received the GAZ-51A index, a disk parking brake, and a year later he became longer and above the body, which now had three folding boards.

In the short term, GAZ-51 became the most common car in the country of Soviets. In 1958, the annual release of GAZ-51 reached apogee - 173 thousand pieces, but in the same year GAZ-52 appeared, and the issue of lawn began to decline. The last GAZ-51a came from the conveyor on April 2, 1975 and was sent to the factory museum. Common circulation of lawns amounted to 3,481,033 units. According to the Soviet license, GAZ-51 was produced in Poland, and in North Korea he, they say, is still produced.

In addition, the GAZ-51 truck chassis was used to create CAVZ-651 and Paz-652 buses.

GAZ-51 was widely used in the Soviet Army: a modification of GAZ-51N was created specifically for the carriage of soldiers, with a lattice body with seats along the sides and an additional 105-liter fuel tank. The roof of the cockpit in this modification was often a tarp. For the army, the All-wheel drive version of GAZ-51, named GAZ-63, was developed.

GAZ-51 was supplied to export. The main buyers were the Cochangerian countries, but he met in Capastarans. Of interest are cases of gas-51 in the quality of trophy. The Americans who captured him in Korea were made on his base of Gantraki and even autodemen.

Specifications GAZ-51:

Manufacturer	GAS
Years	1946-1975
Layout	front, rear-wheel drive
Wheel formula	4*2
Engines
A type	Petrol
Volume	3 485 cm3
Maximum power	70 hp, at 2800 rpm
Maximum torque	201 N · m, at 1500 rpm
Configuration	inline, 6-cylinder.
Cylinders	6
Valves	12
Diameter of the cylinder	82 mm
Piston move	110 mm
Compression ratio	6,2
Supply system	Carburetor
Cooling	liquid
Tafe rate (number of clocks)	4
The order of the cylinders	1-5-3-6-2-4
Transmission	mechanical 4-stupas.
Transmission relations	.
1 Transfer	6,4
2 Transfer	3,09
3 Transfer	1,69
4 Transfer	1
Reverse gear	7,82
Synchronizers	not
Switching	outdoor lever
Mass-overalls	.
Length	5715 mm
Width	2280 mm
Height	2130 mm
Clearance	245 mm
Wheelbase	3300 mm
Packed back	1650 mm
Front track	1589 mm
Weight	2710 kg
Full mass	5150
Dynamic	.
Max. speed	70 km / h
Predecessor	Gas-MM.
Successor	GAZ-52.
Similar models	GAZ-63.
Loading	2500 kg
Volume of the tank	90 L.

According to the site: opoccuu.com

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GAZ 51 - legendary soviet car With a carrying capacity of up to 2.5 tons. The design of the model began in February 1937. The philosophy of construction of technology was extremely clear: the country needed a universal and simple truck created on the basis of proven aggregates. In the summer of 1938, the assembly of nodes began, and in 1939 the developers presented the first copy of GAZ 51. The car testing continued until July 1940. A year later, the Gorky Automobile Plant began preparations for the mass production of the model, but the Great Patriotic War violated plans.

Work on the project was resumed only in 1943. The rapid development of technology in the military period led to changes in the design of GAZ 51. In new version From the pre-war version almost nothing left. The engine and the systems for its maintenance were completely redesigned, a new cabin appeared, a hydraulic brake drive was introduced into the design. The transformations led to an increase in the carrying capacity to 2.5 tons.

In mid-1944, the plant gathered 2 new gas 51, and a year later presented a pre-seventive version of the truck. The quality of the model did not cause doubt because preparation for release began immediately. In 1945, the technique was shown in the Kremlin, where they gave approval for launch into mass production. A few months later the installation lot was released, and from 1946 a full-fledged mass production of GAZ 51 opened.

The machine turned out to be extremely simple and combined in itself efficiency and high-speed. In terms of performance and efficiency, GAZ 51 exceeded ZIS 5. Soon the assembly of the model began at the Odessa and Irkutsk factories. For a long time, the model remained a benchmark in its segment, and the total output exceeded 3.48 million copies. The technique was completed in April 1975.

Few russian cars Made under license by other countries. GAZ 51 was so successful that he was released at several states at once. In Lublin (Poland), the model was collected under the name Lublin 51, and in Ducchon (North Korea) under the brand name 58. The final version of GAZ 51 was released in China. Here the model is known as Judice NJ130.

Modifications

GAZ 51 - basic version;
GAZ 51A - a modification, distinguished from the basic performance of an increased cargo platform (1955-1975);
Gas 51n - Army version with a lattice body, borrowed from gas 63 and an additional fuel tank for 105 liters. Along the bakers of the body were installed seats (1948-1975);
GAZ 51B is a gas-challenary version based on GAZ 51 (1949-1960). Coconut or compressed natural gas was used as fuel;
GAZ 51Zh - gas-challennial version on the oil gas (1954-1959);
Gas 51Gu - gas-filled modification, intended for export to countries with temperate climates;
GAZ 51U - the export version of GAZ 51 (1949-1955);
GAZ 51Nu is the export version of GAZ 51N (1949-1975);
GAZ 51F - a model with a gas 51f aggregate and a forkamera-flare ignition (1955);
GAZ 51AU - export version of GAZ 51a for regions with temperate climate (1956-1975);
Gas 51th - export performance for tropical countries (1956-1975);
GAZ 51C - version equipped with an additional 105 L tank (1956-1975);
Gas 51SE - a model with an additional tank and shielded electrical equipment;
GAZ 51T - cargo taxi (1956-1975);
GAZ 51P - Sadel Tractor (1956-1975);
GAZ 51PU - export version of GAZ 51P (1956-1975);
GAZ 51PU - export modification GAZ 51P for regions with tropical climates (1956-1975);
GAZ 51R - cargo-passenger taxis with folding benches (1956-1975);
GAZ 51RU - export version of the model GAZ 51R (1956-1975);
GAZ 51B is an export model with a lifting capacity of 3.5 tons and a gas engine 51B (1957-1975);
Gas 51d - a shortened chassis for dump trucks (1958-1975);
Gas 51 do - export variation of gas 51d;
Gas 51The is an export version of GAZ 51D for tropical areas.

Video: GAZ 51 after recovery

Specifications

Dimensions:

length - 5715 mm;
width - 2280 mm;
height - 2130 mm;
wheel base - 3300 mm;
road clearance - 245 mm;
front track - 1589;
rear track - 1650 mm.

Body parameters:

length - 2940 mm;
width - 1990 mm;
height - 540 mm.

Curb weight truck - 2710 kg, full weight - 5150 kg. Load capacity is 2500 kg.

Engine

GAZ 51 in the basic performance was equipped with a carburetor gasoline unit GAZ 11, developed by the Specialists of the Gorky Automobile Plant based on the row engine Dodge D-5, purchased from the United States. The motor had a small power, but was distinguished by a good burden. At the same time, it was possible to start the car without a starter and battery using the starter curve handle. The aggregate did not have a large stock of strength and often faced with serious loads.

Engine characteristics GAZ 11:

working volume - 3,485 l;
rated power - 70 hp;
maximum torque - 201 nm;
compression ratio - 6.2;
the number of cylinders - 6 (inline position);
the diameter of the cylinder is 110 mm.

The average consumption when using gasoline A-66 was 20-25 l / 100 km. Capacity fuel tank - 90 l.

Device

The layout of GAZ 51, characterized by the cabin and the engine shifted into the front, was traditional for trucks of that time and provided a long platform. The car's frame had open spars with variable cross-section, removable crossbar for the support of the unit and 5 of the glued crosslinor, reinforcing the design.

The suspension GAZ 51 was considered quite progressive even according to modern standards. It contains 4 longitudinal semi-elliptic springs and 2 predsorodnika belonging to the rear axle. A similar design has a suspension of a lawn of the lawn. Also in the suspension, lever hydraulic plates were used, which in the late 1960s were replaced by telescopic elements.

The rigid axis in front ensured maximum stability. The rear axle had a single main gear and was collected inside the beam, supplemented by a detachable crankcase. The leading car was rear axle. In the chassis used wheels with tires of 7.5 per 20 inches.

Transmission GAZ 51 consisted of a 4-speed gearbox without synchronizers, one-sided dry clutch and single-stage main transmission. The design of the gearbox was practically no difference from the half-timer developed in the pre-war years. The lack of synchronizers forced to switch the speed with a double clutch shutdown. In the process of overclocking, the previous speed turned off at first, and then the necessary transmission was turned on (with a repeated clutch). A feature of the checkpoint was forced blocking of the rear speed, because the random turning on the reverse was excluded. For movement reverse I had to press a special check box.

IN brake system The drums of the light grapple type were used, which for that time was a revolutionary solution.

Cabin GAZ 51 looked very ascetic. The instrument panel attended the standard set of elements inherent modern models. The windshield rose to inlet airflow in hot time. For cleansing glass used "wipers" with vacuum and manual drive. The cabin itself was first performed from a tree, and then became a combined metal and wood. Since 1954, gas 51 has completed a all-metal cab.

The truck platform was made of wood. The back board was folding and could be used to continue the floor. If necessary, the height increases with the help of external sides. Since 1955, the model began to install a platform with 3 folding sides.

Price new and used

Used GAZ 51 models are offered at a price of from 70 to 350 thousand rubles. Buy a car without a mileage will not be possible - its production ended in 1975.

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