Soviet car GAZ-M21 "Volga": description, specifications. Magazine "M21" Volga "USSR Volga 21

29.10.2020

As you already guessed, it will be about the most elegant, attractive and prestigious car model, which was available to Soviet citizens since 1956. This car was produced in various variations of engine performance, body design and salon and was used as a passenger car, a police car, the KGB of the USSR and of course a taxi (remember the plot of the "Taxi to Dubrovka"). This car had the body sedan and serially produced at the Gorky Auto Plant. Guess his name?

Right, it is a car GAZ 21 "Volga". The entire history of this car is conditionally divided into three periods or three series of release. The initial name of the car was GAZ-M21. (the plant wore the name of the hammer), then the letter "M" disappeared. Who remembers the corporate deer on the hood? The deer, by the way, also finally disappeared in the "third release series" (1965-1970), this glittering the notable design element is not for security reasons. Although it looked very stylish.

Main modifications of the machine GAZ 21 "Volga".

In the period from 1956 to 1965, quite a lot of vehicle modifications were produced, and they differed quite strongly. The machines of the first issues until 1957 were completed with a modified engine from the car " Victory"(Power 65 hp), all such cars were manufactured by 1100 pieces. Gas-M21G car In addition to the engine from " Victory", Got a rear axle with shortened semi-axles from the car" Winter". The "chip" of all cars of the first series is considered to compound the plus wire of the power supply with the car body. For a taxi produced a model GAZ-M21B.where the cheapest interior decoration was used. Since 1957, the ZMZ-21 engine is put on the Volga, which was specially designed for gas 21.

The ZMZ-21 engine was distinguished by a number of progressive solutions, it provided a capacity of 70 hp, was a topless and almost aluminum. Thus, already with the engine ZMZ-21, the serial car was named gas-M21B, the car for a taxi was called gas-M21a, the export modification was named gas-m21d. In the export version of GAZ-M21D, a manual transmission (KP) and a forced engine developing craving up to 80 hp was installed. The export modification of Gas-M21e was characterized by the installed automatic CP and also had an engine with a capacity of 80 hp.

The release period of the "second series" of Machines GAZ 21 is considered from 1959 to 1962, and during the time about 160 thousand cars are already produced. The manufacturer's factory gradually made changes to the design and they concerned mainly body design, increasing wheel arches of the front wings, changes in the polarity of electrical wiring. The car body in the machines since 1960 is already connected to the overall wire (minus) of nutrition. This made it possible to reduce metal corrosion and reduce current losses due to the design. The basic model began to be called gas-M21 and new modifications appeared, such as gas-M21U with leather interior trim (luxury modification) and gas-M21K export option, sometimes in a two-color body version and with additional decorative chrome body elements.

The power of the engine GAZ-M21U was 75-80 hp

From 1962 to 1970, cars "Third Series" were made. In total, about 470 thousand cars were made. Machines "Third Series" had a radiator grille from 37 chrome vertical plates. A deer figurine finally disappeared from the hood, the total number of chrome decorative elements was reduced. In the serial model, the engine 75 hp, the shock absorbers became telescopic, the body lines slightly changed. They became more harmonious.

The main models of the third series are:

"Volga" gas-m21l - 4-door sedan, mass serial.
Volga GAZ-M21U - Modification "Suite", improved interior decoration and moldings on wings.
Volga GAZ-M21T - a car for a taxi, the front seats are separated. Passenger front seat on the right of the driver is foldable, and in its place you can place an additional luggage.

Brief characteristic of the machine GAZ 21.

The number of seats (along with the driver) - 5;
Dimensions (length * width * height) in meters - 4.77 * 1.80 * 1.62;
The Third Series of Machines had a length of 4.83 meters. Height is determined without load.
Base (distance between axes) - 2.7 meters;
Kialose front wheels - 1.41 meters;
Rear wheelbarrow - 1.42 meters;
Clearance - 190 mm;
Fuel type - gasoline AI-72;
Fuel consumption 100 km - from 9 to 13.5 liters;
The three-band tubing radio receiver with illuminated scale in the cabin.

Of course, now owners machines GAZ 21. Rarely use them for everyday ride. Although in small settlements there are such people. Today it is a collective and fairly expensive car. Cars with genuine factory details and interior elements are especially expensive.

The designers of the Gorky Automobile plant managed to create a dream car of many Soviet people. Even today, 45 years after the departure from the conveyor last machines GAZ 21.The flawless design of this car stops the look and attracts attention. It is a pity, of course, that for most Soviet people this car, and remained a dream forever.

Publication date: 2012-12-2015, 21:41

Do not be snob ... make a repost!

This is enough to understand that it will be about the "car - tank", "car - big-sofa," the symbol of the whole era ...

The creation of the Volga began in November 1953, when the leading design designer Alexander Mikhailovich Nevzorov inflicted on Watman the first line. The design of the car was developed by Lev Eremeev. And in 1954, the construction of prototypes began. They were equipped with an experimental topless engine with a hemispherical combustion chamber and camshaft chain drive (he showed himself not so hot, as in mass production did not go). For a new car, two transmissions were developed - automatic and mechanical. Both were three-speed.

A.M. Nevzorov (1925-2005)

Tires 6.70-15. From the hood of the car soaked chrome deer. From him in the center of the hood for the windshield was a wide molding. Facing a radiator with 10 vertical holes. The rear lights included overall lights, brake and rotation pointers - three in one red scatteer and reverse lamp in steel chrome salary. "Volga" began to equip the three-band radio radio as standard equipment.

1955 year. May 3 began government tests of three "Volga" samples - two with automatic transmission and one with mechanical. Part of the test was mileage Moscow - Crimea and back. Immediately after the first tests, permission to issue drawings and preparation for production was obtained.

1957 year. " GAZ-21."On the conveyor. The Volga receives its own engine - upper-flaped, with a capacity of 70 hp (prior to that there was a nipped, spreading up to 2432 ccm, with a capacity of 65l.s. from GAZ-20" Victory "). On the" Volga "for the first time in The domestic automotive industry was serially installed automatic transmission. But, due to the poor position in the country with high-quality oils and highly qualified service, only 700 cars with "automata" were released.

In just two years of release of the first-generation, about 31,000 cars were produced.

Separate features of foreign analogues were reflected in " Volga", Especially in the design of individual elements of the body (for example, rotary locks of doors; However, the carrier base of the body was on the design closer to the previous models of gas -" victory "and" winters "-u) and the interior design (for example , the final version of the speedometer in the form of a transparent "hemisphere" appeared only after studying the Ford car - the early prototypes M-21 had several different options for completely different design of the instrument panel completely recessed into the dashboard), which makes it possible to conclude their careful learning and There is no sufficient self experience in the design of modern cars.

Some of the Foreign Analogues of Foreign Analogues investigated at the factory:
1954 Ford Mainline
(USA, 1952-54)

1953 Chevrolet Styleline Deluxe
(USA, 1949-54)
Similarly used on trials together with M-21.

October 10, 1956. Production of the first three production samples " GAZ-21.". They were installed on 2,432 liters of Victory Nizhnyweed engine with a capacity of 65 hp. This car is known as" 21b ".

The "Volga" design, starting from the very first layouts and prototypes, was also fulfilled by Lvi-Eremeev, and it was not a direct similarity with specific foreign counterparts outside the unity of the style of those years (it should be borne in mind that the prototypes had design, in A similar to the future "second" series, that is, "shark mouth".

It should be noted that the Volga was created under the influence of (mainly) the American School of Automotive, and from the point of view of the design was the original Soviet interpretation of the so-called "aerostyle" of America, popular in those years in the world.

1962 year. Volga becomes a car of the 60s. For this, there were enough cosmetic changes. The body itself remained the same. But his silhouette lost the heavyness of previous modifications. Fangs disappeared from bumpers. The bumpers themselves became more elegant. Chrome now covered only the upper part of them, and the lower, apron, painted in the color of the body. The front bumper in terms of acquired wedge. In the facing of the radiator instead of 16 wide holes, 36 narrow appeared. The rear lights have lost steel salary, together with the cataphot began to cast from plastics. A new license plate lighting lantern on the trunk has acquired the shape of a soaring seagull.

Release cars from 1956 to November 1958 were subsequently obtained the name "First Series" (also, "first edition", "with a star"). To this days, the cars "with the star" came in the original form a little enough, the main mass of the preserved cars is partially redone In later modifications, with which the relatively high demand for the "first issue" on the Russian market of OldTimeters is.

The main feature of the interior of the first series is the all-metal instrument panel with a "low" lining of the receiver and located on top of the loudspeaker, covered with a metal grille. And, such it remained until the end of 1958, that is, after the transition to the cladding of type II series

21 Volga

Consumers of the end of 1958 - the very beginning of 1959 it is customary to be called "transitional", and the release of 1959-1962 - the "second series" ("second release"). At the end of 1958, the car was upgraded mainly outwardly. The form of the front wings in favor of increasing wheel arches has changed, the decoration of the face was generally repeated the appearance of one of the prototypes of 1955 (the so-called "shark mouth", with 16 slots of the radiator grille), respectively, due to changes in the radiator cladding appeared a new hood lock . The salon and the mechanical part remained almost unchanged, although the gradual modernization did not stop.

Registration of the rear of the "second release" (from non-original parts there are mirrors of the rear view, grounding under the bumper, the rear window seal from "Zhiguli").

By the 1962 model year, the car was upgraded again, this time more radically. Modernized models received the total conventional name "Third Series". Quantitatively, they are most common. The external registration has completely changed - a new grille of the radiator appeared, the nicknamed whale mustache, consisting of 37 vertical racks (subsequently such a lattice pattern was used on many other passenger gas models); bumper without "fangs" with horizontal membership on two halves - the bottom is painted in the body color; The figure of the deer and molding disappeared from the hood (the deer was rarely rarely, more often - a drop-shaped trauma-safe decorative detail, "drop"). The overall idea of \u200b\u200bthe "Volga" design of 1962 is less chromium, more clean lines. Some style features echo with the GAZ-13 car, while the "second series" was stylically sufficiently close to the predecessor "Seagulls" - GAZ-M-12 "WINE". Prototypes of the 1962 model had other differences

1965. On the "Mosfilm" Ryazanov removes "Beware of the car." It is unlikely that now there would be an actor capable of stealing the car so beautifully. And the spectators loved Yuri a deckup, his trophies and waltz, in the rank who was swayed on the highway " Volga"Colors" Beige ".

Gorky plant made the last modernization of the 21st model. Soccerons were strengthened in the car, more efficient heater and wipers were installed. The hubs of the front wheels began to be equipped with roller bearings instead of balls.

The project of restyling Volga was also prepared. So could look like 21st Volga 4th generation.

Until now, this car is still luxurious - Volga GAZ 21. Years, even, rather, the decade, many models of cars have changed on our roads, actively and firmly came to our lives of foreign production cars.

Classical Volga GAZ 21

And I must say that it happened completely naturally, because it happens everywhere. But a car many years ago, embodied the power, beauty, wealth and elegance, remained so elegant, beautiful, and everything also attracts passersby on the street, driving past them.

Yes, a lot of cars appeared, which are more powerful, specifications that are significantly superior to this miracle of the Soviet Auto industry. Yes, the fuel consumption of this car does not fully meet the modern requirements associated with the widespread struggle for energy saving, but few of the car enthusiasts, approaching the gas of GAZ 21, or much more, does not catch himself at wanting to carefully stroke his hood, touch Roof or racks.

auto gas M21 1956 release

At the very beginning of the fifties, the Soviet automotive industry faced the need to create such a car. The "victory" produced at that time was a fairly high-quality car. But it was decided to expand the range of Soviet roads.

As a preview of the then new ones of domestic automotive production, many have found the features of some Chevrolet models or Ford development, but here it is hardly possible to go about any plagiarism.

At that time, many automakers purchased samples of competitors models, they disassemble them hardly not by screws, studying the types of material that went to the manufacture of certain parts.

The types of compounds of parts, various design solutions, and so on were studied. On the same way, the hull of the Soviet automotive designers went.

Circuit diagram 21 Volga

Many cars that have been released then had convex front headlights, a predatory-aggressive hood profile, or a drawing of a radiator grille. Something could repeat something.

There was a "twenty-first", and in fact, the first model "Volga" for fourteen years, having survived a lot of tests, modernizations, design changes, body types ("Sedan", "Universal"). Let's start with history.

The history of creating a truly legendary Soviet car began in 1953, when it was decided to start developing such a car model, which largely repeats the lines and the common canvas of the American then designer school, but everything, she managed to give certain authentic features.

Volga Gaz 21 1953 release

Features that allow us to talk about originality, about dislike design characteristics, design features, so distinguished our "Volga". It is known that in the next 1954 there were already the first, not yet serial, but experienced, but already fully acting samples.

They were equipped then also by experienced engines with the upper valves and the combustion chamber in the form of a hemisphere, as well as a characteristic feature of them were the presence of a chain drive of the camshaft. Experiments with such a design gave negative results and a decision was made to serial output not to send them.

At first, two projects were developed, one was called GAZ M21 "Volga", the other - gas M21 "Star". By the way, a star, located on the grid of a single-ground construction radiator for a long time, was a distinctive sign and in honor of her called the car model itself.

Radiator grille GAZ 21 third series

"Volga" with such a type of lattice was called "Marshall", or "Zhukovskaya". The first years of its existence car was doomed to a permanent comparison with no less legendary car "victory".

But "Volga" even on trials showed itself much better, she was superior to "victory" in most technical characteristics, it was more dynamic, more maneuverable and surpassed in the economy of fuel consumption.

The production in those years was still quite imperfect, although the progress in the field of the automotive industry was, of course, there is no way, but the path from the test of a new car model to its receipt into the series, that is, in the serial release occupied years.

So the first series of the Volga car was released already in 1956, that is, years after the start of design developments.

Start of serial production

But the result is worthy of spending some time on the design of the new design (then, new) car. First, two, automatic and mechanical were developed. Both transmissions had three steps. At the same time, that is characteristic, the main transmission on this model of the car was a coneaidal structure, this already later models had a hypoid main transmission.

The then car M 21 was an independent type rear suspension and hydraulic shock absorbers of the lever construction. Also, an independent was the rear suspension, relying on the spring of the form, resembling a semi-terminal.

Well, as for the appearance, so far, as many motorists love to joke, the main, pulling in the front of the hood.
And from this "main part" to the front glass went molding. It appeared instead of the former "Marshal" new lattice of the radiator, the so-called "sharks of the teeth", where the vertical wide racks were mixed with holes. That added the overall design of a special color.

Special attention deserves a car salon. With all the then Soviet tendency to giantism, the salon even at that time seemed huge. The capacity of the entire car still generates legends. By the way, large sizes, let's say, the trunk are an unconditional advantage, for the modern owner of GAZ 21 or those who have preserved gas 21 can consider themselves happy owners if you allow the semi-sighted car model. The weight of the cargo, which can translate the "Volga", compare little with which other passenger cars.

semorage Volga GAZ 21

However, let's return to the salon of our car. The rear seat in it nobody does not call in it, because it is rather a sofa. At the same time, the front sofa had to be divided into pressure, otherwise it was simple, there was no place to put the gear lever.

So, the beginning of the serial issue is officially customary to be considered 1957.

But although the serial release began, but the engine, which was staffed by Gas M 21, the predecessor of GAZ 21, was borrowed from earlier cars, such as "victory" or "winters." All the same received his engine "Volga", but somewhat later, and, in the same year, and it was a new ZMZ - 21 engine, produced on specifically for these purposes built by the Savolzhsky motor factory. As for the technical characteristics of this motor, then he had a volume of 2.4 liters and the power of seventy horsepower.
It was an aluminum engine, topless design, fairly innovative for its time.

Operating data and technical specifications of the Volga GAZ-21

The car GAZ 21 became a worthy receiver "Victory M-20" and lasted on the conveyor for almost 14 years. During this time, the car was upgraded twice, but even the first serial cars had more popularity and a certain success.

Example of Volga GAZ 21 black

Popularity promoted the unpretentiousness of the car and excellent technical specifications. Volga was successfully used in a taxi and as a service car, the model was also available for private use. On the technical and operational characteristics of the legendary car, it is worth focusing.

Gas dimensions 21.

It is impossible to say that by the standards of cars "Volga" GAZ 21 was compact. Although the car belonged to the middle class, her sizes are rather impressive. The sedan model has a length of 4.77 m, a width of 1.8 m and a height of 1.62 m. Such dimensions allowed the salon to be quite spacious and comfortable, it easily placed five people, including the driver. The distance between the axes (Wheel Base) from the Volga is 2.7 m. The body has 4 doors.

Production also includes GAZ 22 - version of the passenger car in the body of the type "Universal".

It looks like a classic Volga GAZ-22 with a body wagon

This modification in mass production appeared later, it was produced since 1962 (GAZ 21 since 1956). In size, gas 22 is a little longer (4.81 m), the fifth door is provided on the back of the body (the trunk door) is provided.

The trunk door consisted of two halves - top and bottom. The salon allowed to transport already 7 people, and three rows of seats were placed in it. The last row was evolving, and the volume of the luggage compartment increased markedly. There were no other principal differences between GAZ 22 and GAZ 21.

Unlike the predecessor "Victory", Volga had a good visibility due to the installed panoramic windshield. The front wheels of the 21st wheels are 1, 41m, the rear wheels - a collection of 1, 42 m. GAZ21 has a good reversal radius, and in general almost does not lag behind modern cars in this indicator.

Original Painted Volga 21

Operational data

According to the car operating manual, GAZ 21 has the following characteristics:

The safety of the car was not at the highest level. There was a complete absence of seat belts. In addition, the steering traction was so located that, if any serious blow, hard steering in the cabin was shifted back, and the driver's chance was not very big.

Engine specifications

In the sixties of the last century, constructive ZMZ 21 was considered a perfect engine not only according to Soviet standards, but also in the world value.

Graphics showing engine characteristics GAZ 21

The upper arrangement of the valve and the aluminum block with the head of the cylinder block were far from all the motors of those years.

ZMZ 21 (ZMZ-21A) was established on the model GAZ 21 since 1957 and possessed the following characteristics:

Technical characteristics of transmission and clutch

The model of the car 21 has rear wheel drive (wheel formula 4x2). The first model "Volga" was produced in two versions - with a three-stage manual transmission and with an automatic three-stage gearbox.

With automatic gearbox "Volga" was produced long, in the Soviet Union lacked qualified masters for servicing automatic transmission, it was not in the desired volume of special oil. In addition, on a 4-cylinder engine, a weak acceleration of the car was obtained, the maximum speed was less than with a mechanical gearbox.

Gas has released about 1500-1700 cars with a gearbox with a machine gun with a total of about 640 thousand Volga 21 copies. There is an opinion that only 700 cars have been released with automatic transmission, but it is not.

Coupling diagram twenty-first Volga

About 700 units were produced in 1957, and about the same in 1959. In 1958, the conveyor went about hundreds of cars with an automatic box.

The mechanical gearbox was inherited from gas M 20, only was distinguished by the presence of a manual brake, which was installed on the back of the box (drum type).

Since the MCPP was originally developed for the Winter Car 12, it had a sufficient stock for strength.

The disadvantages of the structure include the non-indexed first transmission and manual control of the box. It is believed that 4-speed "mechanics" was installed on GAZ 21. But the plant did not release cars from the conveyor in such a configuration, except for the craftsmen made changes to the design with their own hands.

The gear switch that was on the steering control was long traction.

Scheme of the gear shift device in the Volga

New traction behaved fine, but with an increase in the mileage of the compound in them wested, and various defects appeared. Two programs could immediately turn on, could have been transferred to "fly out". When you turn on two gears, it had to climb under the hood and translate the levers to the desired position. Traction often required adjustment and lubrication.

The clutch on the "Volga" also got from the "victory", but already had a hydraulic drive, there was a mechanical inclusion on gas 20. The new clutch had advantages:

Easier began to disclose pedals;
It stopped flying dirt and water to the salon, as the slot was eliminated around the pedal, which was necessary during mechanical drive.

Technical data of transmission and clutch:

Fuel system

Fuel system for gas 21 carburetor type.

This is what the fuel pump is twenty-first Volga.

The fuel tank was located behind the bottom of the body and had a capacity of 60 liters. The pipes on the tubes were injected with a gasoline pump in the carburetor, and it was sprayed from the carburetor to the engine intake manifold. Mechanical gas fuel pump with glass top. The transparent lid had its own convenience - it was visible, gasoline comes into a pump or not. In the future, they refused such a lid, they often cracked.

The carburetor on the "Volga" was three modifications, the brand varied depending on the year of release. 1956-58 release cars are counted for the first batch, the second series GAZ 21 includes cars until 1962. The third generation was produced from 1962 to 1970. Initially, the "Volga" was completed by the K-22I brand carburetor, they were installed mainly on the models of the first and second series.

Example of a carburetor for the Volga

In 1962-65, the K-105 carburetor appeared on the machines, and the model of the K124 device appeared closer to the end of the production of the car "21".

After the termination of the serial release of the car in parts was to be modified K-129, much the differed from K-124. All carburetors were still one-chamber, and the landing place in the collector was unified for them. That is, the interchangeability of the devices was complete.

Characteristics of suspension

Front suspension "Volga" 21 spring, independent. Swivel fists have a pivot joint. In the first models of the machine, the top levers of the suspension served also by shock absorbers - shock absorber liquid for rubber hoses was suppressed. But such a scheme was very inconvenient, and in the future, more familiar telescopic type shock absorbers began to be installed.
The front suspension consisted of the following parts:

Front carrier beam. It was the basis of the suspension, and all other parts were attached to her;
The levers are two lower and two tops. All levers are composite, each of the two parts. The lower seat is fastened to the lower levers under the spring, the top platform is the beam itself;
Springs. They provide the smoothness of the move when the car moves;
A pivot rack. Connects suspension levers among themselves. A swivel fist is attached to it. The racks are only two, for each wheel one by one;
Rounded fist. They are also two - right and left, and among themselves they are not interchangeable;
Front hub. One from each wheel, the front hubs are the same, replaced with each other. Studs are brought into the hubs, and the wheels are screwed with nuts.

GAZ-M21 - Volga brand car, which was produced within 14 years since 1956, the development of a car, which was subsequently renamed GAZ-21, began in 1951, this happened because the previous model was strongly outdated and did not fit Under the standards and requirements of drivers. Already then the idea of \u200b\u200bdesign was created, and she was adhered to all the time until the car was set to install new modifications. At that time, aviation and missile motives were popular, so the Gas-M21 interface, the photo of which is lower, immediately struck and attracted the attention of buyers due to restrained, but at the same time an interesting and elegant appearance.

Design

If you take into account the general design elements of those years, then we can say exactly that the car did not have highly distinguished accessories. But for looked fresh, interesting and attractive. Unfortunately, the interior of "Volga" quickly became flexible, because the trends changed annually. Already by 1958, the design of the gas-M21 car is outdated and required updates.

It was changed in the 60s, then he acquired a European appearance. The model began to have a more conservative, strict and official form. What has become decisive when buying this option for the needs of the government.

Features in technical tuning

Machine GAZ-M21, whose technical characteristics are described slightly lower, had the necessary tuning to move on the roads of the USSR. Elements of a car something resembled American models. The salon was designed for 5-6 people. This is due to the fact that the sofa in the second row has impressive sizes. The engine installed on cars has 4 cylinders and works paired with an automatic transmission. By the way, the latter was borrowed from the American company Ford. The body had the characteristic features of the "victory", the suspension is also taken from this car. The first was distinguished by corrosion resistant, special rigidity and hardness, which ensured safe movement.

Gas-M21 car prototypes

The first prototype of the car had a cherry color. He together with two other models, who were also predecessors of the car overlooked, went on testing. Only one machine was equipped with an automatic transmission, the rest - mechanical. According to external signs, they also differed a bit - another radiator grille, bumper, body, some decorating elements in the cabin, etc.

The prototype under the number four was constructed in 1955 in the spring. He did not go to the test run. At the same period, this model and the other two received another grille of the radiator.

Launch of production

The very first options were put into production in 1956. During this period, five copies were released.

Tests of the model passed long enough and, perhaps, in extreme conditions. 29 thousand km passed for the car. He drove along the roads of Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, the Caucasus. The final test stage was carried out in Moscow. In this period, a sufficient amount of faults was revealed, however, most of them were eliminated almost immediately. Those who were not liquidated immediately remained with it until the end of the model of the model or after some time it was modernized.

Initial edition

Machine GAZ-M21 two years was in pre-production. Several prototypes came to the public, which differed from each other by appearance and internal parameters. At the finally formed series, they were completely different. Their distinctive feature was a chrome set. However, over time, he began to be provided as an additional configuration and, accordingly, for individual money. As unique features, it is possible to mark the appearance of the front and rear doors uncharacteristic for other cars.

Generations (or issues)

Collectors have special designations of various issues "Volga". There are three series - 1957, 1959 and 1962. Tuning GAZ-M21 of various generations was similar, therefore, according to external signs, it is almost impossible to understand what kind of modification is practically impossible. First of all, this is due to the fact that the large number of models were installed "nonsense" aggregates.

Also, the main differences are drainage. They represent a small item that surrounds the roof. These devices are used to avoid water from entering the salon.

Series number 1

The first GAZ-M21 series, the photo of which is lower, produced two years, from 1956 to 1958. In the people, this model is more famous called "with a star". In the first year of production from the conveyor, only five cars took out. Large-scale release began with 1957

Initially, the first series was going with the engine from "Victory". In some official sources, it is stated that a similar model has been issued only a certain period, and the number of cars was limited to a strictly installed digit - 1100. However, this information is incorrect. Volga was produced with such an aggregate almost until the end of production. Over the entire period, more than 30 thousand copies were released and purchased.

Series number 2.

Since 1959, the second series of car began to be issued. Before the implementation, a small work was carried out on external and internal characteristics. Mostly, the change was touched by the interior. In February 59, the second modification was embodied. This time she touched on the lanterns, the instrument panel. Of course, as in all restyling versions, there are those details that change the changes from the first time. Gas-M21 car is no exception.

The second series was developed with a slightly modified body having American motifs. However, this option did not go into production. For all the years of release (from 1959 to 1962), more than 120 thousand cars left the conveyor.

Series number 3.

This modification has become the most popular. The appearance of the previous series is obsolete enough, but the manufacturer was not going to restore the gas-M21 machine. Volga in the third package was represented by a potential buyer with a new bumper and some details that were attached to the body. Over time, the radiator grille has been transformed. After a serious upgrade, the exterior of the car was noticeably transformed - it became more dynamic, easy. The model was often compared with the discreet machine "Seagull".

Together with the change in styling, you can mark small updates in eg, the engine for 75 horsepower has become much more powerful. And the option with an automatic transmission is completely removed from production.

Modernization of styling

The release of the car was produced in two versions - with the usual interior and improved. The last option was distinguished by a set of chromed and corrosion-resistant parts. Such a car was more made for export, although it also supplied to the USSR markets. Moreover, the "luxury chrome" could be installed on an absolutely any version of the "Volga", so it is impossible to say, whether it was produced from the conveyor.

There were also such options in which the additional finish could be basic complete sets. First of all, we are talking about a car with a forced aggregate (for export) and with an average power engine.

Truck

This version of the GAZ-21 machine never went into mass production. A car was produced with a full drive in the form of a sedan and station wagon. For some versions, the last option even belonged to Brezhnev, he traveled to hunt.

According to unofficial information, these copies were "collab" of several models "Volga". The only one, their uniqueness was that the aggregates that were put on the technique were intended for all-terrain vehicles. They were not done in the factories, but in maintenance salons, in garages, military units, etc.

"Red East"

Interesting is the fact that in China was made an analogue of GAZ-21, which was completely identical to the original version of technical specifications. The interior of cars was radically different. The internal market "Red East" was supplied exactly 10 years. The aggregates that were installed on the car were purchased from the USSR, and the body was done manually.

Features of the Volga collection from the Publishing House Deagostini

What kind of car can rightly call the pearl of the Soviet Auto industry? Of course, the beauty of "Volga"! Behind the wheel of GAZ-M21 dreamed of sitting almost every Soviet motorist. It is no coincidence that this car became the heroine of the legendary comedy Eldar Ryazanov "Beware of the car" and other favorite Soviet films.

Now you can also become a full owner of this wonderful car. We are happy to report that the Publishing House "Deagostini" launches a new series - Volga M21.

Why will this collection be special?

You can collect a static car-m21 car model on 1: 8 scale. Its length will be 597 mm, width 236 mm, height 202 mm. Each issue is a collection of unique historical materials on the creation and production of the car M21 "Volga", biographies of its designers, and rare archival photos and drawings.

You will also receive a catalog with a description and photographs of 100 cult Soviet cars, which significantly affected the development of domestic automotive industry.

The Volga M21 series is a unique opportunity to touch the history of our industry and build a large model of the legendary car with working headlights with their own hands and moving details.

We did everything to be interested in collecting a Volga M21 car. This is not a banal 3D constructor, but a full-fledged model with moving and luminous details.

The exact copy of the car gas - M21 "with a star", produced by the Gorky automotive factory in 1957 - 1958.
Movable wheels and steering wheel headlights and rear lights, engine, interior lighting and room lighting, sink windows and windows, sun plates, folding seats, realistic suspension and other important automotive parts.
Miniature dashboard: imitation of the radio, speedometer, instrument scales. And in the trunk is a spare wheel!
The original symbolism is reproduced as accuracy: deer, star, inscriptions and emblem on the steering wheel.

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