How often the oil changes in the car. How often can change the engine oil - highlights

Neither for one motorist is no secret that the engine is poured into the engine, which performs a number of important functions. Without it, it is difficult to present a long-breaking engine work, and to maintain your properties, the engine oil must be in good condition. In the process of engine operation, not only its mechanical components wear out, but also the oil in which harmful impurities fall, and it starts to lose its properties over time. You need to change engine oil, and this can be done without service aid. It is important not to forget how many mileage kilometers should be changed in the engine so that its contamination does not lead to the emergence of large problems and the failure of expensive components of the motor.

How often to change the oil in the engine?

Any new car Comes with the appropriate documentation in which the manufacturer indicates how often it is necessary to change the engine oil. But the numbers can be focused on these numbers only if the car works in ideal conditions. Replacing the oil may be required more often than the manufacturer indicates if the car works:

• In the conditions of high humidity of the ambient air;
• With severe frost or permanent temperature drops;
• In a major city where the roads are marked by an increased dusty of air;
• In the mountainous area, the road in which constant lifts and descents.

Given all the factors listed above, it is difficult to say exactly how much can change the oil in the engine. It is not necessary to navigate the mileage or the operation of the car, but on its modes and conditions of use. In particular, in cars that are regularly used to transport cargo, oil is recommended to change by 2-3 thousand kilometers before the manufacturer is specified.

If we talk about some average values, it should be noted that the engine can be changed in the engine is recommended by most manufacturers in the range between 10 and 15 thousand mileage kilometers, but more accurately information should be specified for each specific model cars.

A question may arise that if you do not change the engine oil for 2-3 thousand kilometers longer than the manufacturer recommends? Nothing terrible during this time with the engine will not happen, but then the driver is better to carry out the next oil change with compensation, that is, to reduce the interval to new replacement For overdue.

Attention: We are talking about a small delay in the process of changing the oil - about 10-20% of the values \u200b\u200brecommended by the manufacturer. Overdue oil change by 4-5 or more than thousands of kilometers - it is equivalent to the fact that it is to subscribe to the expensive repair of several components of the engine, which during operation without clean oil can fail.

The recommended oil change interval is not the perfect value.

Cars are developing annually, and in each new model, the car manufacturer can test technologies that are not proven over the years. In turn, motor oils are strongly changing, choose which is becoming increasingly difficult because of their diversity. Given these parameters, you should not blindly believe the recommended oil replacement interval in the engine.

Filling a point on recommended replacement timing motor oil, Automotive manufacturers strive to "kill two hares." They wish to please the consumer so that he saw the number of long-term operation of the car without replacing the oil. At the same time, car manufacturers understand that if not changing the oil on time, then the expensive components of the engine can come into disrepair, which they will have to change under warranty. Based on these judgments, after a number of tests, car manufacturers set the recommended time for replacing the oil in the engine.

The car enthusiast must independently control the quality of the oil in the engine and determine the need for its replacement. By increasing the frequency of the change of engine oil by several thousand kilometers, it is possible to extend its performance for several years. But do not change the oil too often - this can be stressing for the engine, especially if you constantly use consumables from various manufacturers.

How to determine yourself when a motor oil is required?

To diagnose the number and quality of oil in cars, the dipstick is used. It allows each car owner at any time to make sure that the engine has a sufficient amount of oil for its competent work. Determine with the help of probe the amount of oil in the engine is very simple:

1. Remove the probe from the engine;
2. Wipe the dipstick with a clean napkin or cloth;
3. Insert the probe tightly back into the hole, where it was removed from;
4. Remove the dipstick again and pay attention to its end.

At the tip of each probe there are two marks. One of them (top) shows the maximum amount of oil that can be flooded in car Engineand the other (bottom) says minimum level Oil, which is allowed when using this motor. The oil level must be between these two marks. If the amount of oil is at the level near the lower mark, it is necessary to urgently add new engine oil, but first it is necessary to make sure that the old continues to competently execute the responsibilities assigned to it. It is worth noting that in most modern cars there is an oil level indicator that displays dashboard Information about the level of oil in the engine.

Removing oil probe, you can make sure to save the properties of oil, which is used in the car:

1. Look at the viscosity of the working oil. The motor oil used for this parameter should not differ much from the new one. If the oil has become less viscous, it means that the number of surfactant additives in it has decreased;
2. Check out the prototype for the presence of third-party elements in it. When working, the oil not only lubricates the elements of the engine, but also purifies them from corrosion. Nagar gets into the oil, and if it turns out a lot, the oil seriously loses its operational qualities;
3. Examine the color of the oil. In the car, motor oil, which needs to be urgently changed, acquires black. If the consumable material has a yellow-brown shade, and it does not have elements of nagar, aqueous droplets or metal chips, it means that everything is in order with engine oil.

Check the oil on the need to add it and compliance with the tasks is recommended through each 1 thousand kilometers of the mileage. This will allow the car owner to decide on its own cycle. full replacement Oil and its addition to the engine. Attention: The oil change cycle installed by the driver should not differ from the cycle recommended by the developers in the most side.

If you think that the engine oil needs to be changed every 10-15 thousand km, as required service regulations, then you are wrong. Why? Next, we will tell about it in detail.

1 Why the service regulation is inaccurate and how the city affects it

Car manufacturers indicate the frequency of oil replacement in a kilometer. However, the engine engine works not only while driving, but also on idling. Therefore, when driving in urban mode, it can work four times longer than when driving on the highway with the same kilometer. Mileage, measured by engine operation, is called motorcycles.

For example, 15 thousand km of run on the highway on average is about 200 hours, and in the city may exceed 700 hours. As a result, the load on the engine oil increases colossal, because even idling the lubricant is exposed to high temperatures. Moreover, in urban traffic jams there is no ventilation of the crankcase, which reduces the oil resource, i.e. Lubricant load increases even more.

But the durability of the lubricant affects not only the number of hours. The driving manner also plays a big role. For example, when moving along the track at a speed of 100-130 km / h, lubrication is subjected to minimal loads, as the engine is well ventilated and does not work at the peak of its power. When the speed increases, the load on the motor increases, and therefore on the lubricant system, since the pistons are heated to higher temperatures, the volume of crankcase gases with a destructive effect increases. The effect of raising speed is especially noticeable on small cars that have low power engines And the "short" transmission.

Therefore, as you can see, the mileage of 10-15 thousand km is a far from the accuracy of the need to replace the oil. For example, in modern cars BMW, which has a counter that considers motorcycles, the replacement time is 200-400 hours with moderate operation of the machine, as well as subject to the use of high-quality fuel. When the engine is running in the mode of maximum or close to maximum power, the oil replacement period is significantly reduced.

Another important point on which the lubricant life depends is the type of oil used. Therefore, we will talk separately on the varieties of existing oils and their operations. It follows that it is possible to determine the timing of replacement on the run of the manufacturer, only if the car is operated in the ride mode at a constant speed. But it is extremely rare. Therefore, the engine in the engine must be changed more often.

2 What you need to know about the types of oil and the timing of their operation

As you know, motor oils are several types:

• semi-synthetic;
• synthetic hydrocracking;
• synthetic polyalphaolefin;
• ester;
• polyglycol.

Pure mineral oils are practically not found. The semi-synthetic compositions came to replace them. However, they no longer enjoy special demand, as there are several serious flaws:

• have low additives;
• the engine is very littered;
• their viscosity is not stable, i.e. It varies greatly from temperature, and also changes over time of use of lubrication.

As it is easy to guess, the "vitality" of these products is low, compared with more modern compositions. Therefore, the replacement time is desirable to reduce to 8-10 thousand kilometers, especially in the city operation of the car, subject to the use of a quality product from a well-known manufacturer.

Synthetic hydrocracking oils have recently become the most popular, since they came to replace the semi-synthetic. In particular, standard oils manufactured car manufacturersbelong to this category. Often these compositions refer to semi-synthetic, which is the proportion of truth. But due to the presence of a qualitative basis, they have more stable viscosity and durability.

Under normal conditions, high-quality hydrocracking oil can also serve 30 thousand kilometers. But in our conditions, of course, you should not exploit the lubricant for so long. In addition, the processing of such oils leads to a decrease in the mobility of the rings of the pistons, as well as the engine component and increase the friction. Almost all synthetic hydrocracking oils belong to the minor and strongly susceptible to the quality of the fuel.

As for standard runs of 10-15 thousand kilometers, these compositions show themselves much better than mineral and semi-synthetic analogs. In addition, you can highlight a few other advantages:

• better hold additives, respectively, longer retain all their properties;
• possess good detergents;
• have less destruction products that have a negative impact on the engine.

Of the minuses, it is possible to allocate that these compositions do not differ in the durability of the motor itself, which is associated with a reduced package of additives.

Synthetic polyalphaolefin oils, in contrast to hydrocracking, do not form a piston rings formed, practically do not fade and have the most clean decay products. Another one positive quality It is good turnover, which remains even with severe frosts. As for the replacement time, this product is more slower than hydrocracking analogs.

However, it should be understood that the durability of lubrication depends not only on its foundation. The product always has a complex package of additives that have their own service life. Plus, mechanical pollution does not disappear anywhere, which accumulates over time. Therefore, it is not worth riding even on such oils over 400-500 hours, since further operation will reduce the motor resource at an accelerated pace. Given the high cost of these oils, it does not always make sense to use them instead of hydrocracking.

Ester oils can be called the new step of evolution. They are distinguished by low fuel and low friction coefficient. Theoretically, the operation of these oils before replacement should be higher. But in practice, often the ester compositions have a small package of additives, as a result of which they require replacement even earlier than the standard period. Therefore, they are called sports, i.e. intended for short-term use. Ester products make sense to apply the engine to washing the engine after using mineral and sex. synthetic oils More laid deadline. This composition is perfectly coping with the cleaning of the surface of the motor from all sorts of pollution.

Polyglycol compositions are the most progressive. They have an even smaller friction coefficient, besides, can dissolve even their own decay products. They are better than other analogs capable of holding additives. Unfortunately, in wide access to currently you can find polyglycolic oil only Kroon Oil.. There are practically no data on its independent tests. But it is possible that this grease is really able to work longer than the rest.

From all of the above, it can be concluded that car manufacturers indicate the interval between the replacement of lubricant, taking into account the use of standard oil, i.e. synthetic or semi-synthetic. However, different types of lubricants are distinguished by the compositions and different number of additives. Accordingly, they have different deadlines. Unfortunately, on table characteristics, it is impossible to determine the service life. Therefore, buying a particular product brand, read the results of several independent tests.

In any case, if the car is operated in urban conditions, you should not change the oil less often than every 8-9 thousand kilometers. As practice shows, in this case the engine remains clean, significantly decreases the wear of parts, and, therefore, the durability of the motor increases.

3 How often to replace the lubricant for cleaning the engine

If you have purchased a used car with an opaque service history or noticed through an oil refinery that there are many plates on the motor surface, the engine should be rinsed. Of course, there are special additives for this. But the most qualitative and environmentally friendly result can be obtained only by washing the engine with engine oil.

Washing diagram is quite simple:

1. old lubricant merge, after which the filter changes and the new oil is poured;
2. on the new oil, the car must drive about 2 thousand km;
3. then the oil change is again performed, after which the car should drive 4 thousand km;
4. the next replacement is carried out even after 4 thousand.

Keep in mind that throughout the engine washing cycle, the car must be operated carefully, i.e. in running mode. Otherwise, it will be impossible to achieve a qualitative result.

If the engine was washed with a special additive or washing oilMotor oil is also desirable to merge as early as possible. Moreover, it should be pre-get rid of the remnants of washing mixtures. To do this, the engine must be pouring a small amount of engine oil so that only the pressure indicator is the point. After that, the engine must be started and let it work for 5-10 minutes. Then the lubricant merge, and clean oil is poured into the motor.

4 Why is the timely replacement - subtlety and details

Finally, consider why the engine is so important timely replacement. The fact is that the lubricant not only reduces friction between the details, but also performs several other important functions:

• prevents corrosion of surfaces;
• removes from the surfaces of the engine soot, fuel combustion products and other contaminants;
• participates in maintaining the optimal temperature of the engine, and also ensures its heat exchange.

If you do not replace the lubricant in time, all sorts of additives begin to decompose, as a result of which it loses the ability to perform the functions described above. In addition, it accumulates combustion products that settled on the surfaces of the engine. Over time, oil canals begin to be clogged, as a result of which the lubricant goes to mechanisms not in full. This, in turn, leads to fast wear details.

Thus, it is impossible to neglect the timely replacement of oil, otherwise even the most reliable engine May be "stuffed," without working out the period allotted. As we found out, it is advisable to be replaced more often than the manufacturers of the car require.

Each car owner knows: so that the car worked is fully, periodically its systems need maintenance.

First of all, the replacement of the old, spent oil is carried out. This procedure requires adhere to certain frequency. How often to change the oil in the car engine, should know every driver. Attentive attitude towards the motor significantly prolongs the operation of the entire system.

It is better to periodically change the oil than to repair or acquire new engine. This is one of the most nothesive car systems. When and how to change engine oil? The answer will help the advice of experienced car mechanics.

Why change the oil?

To understand how much to change the oil in the engine, you need to be in question about why it is generally necessary. Motor lubricants perform a number of important functions. First of all, they protect the moving elements from mechanical destruction, abrasion.

During the operation of the engine on its details, the dirt accumulates. High-quality engine oil collects particles of soot and holds them in a suspended state. This allows you to facilitate the operation of the engine mechanisms.

If you do not change the engine oil for a long time, the contamination is accumulated in the lubricant, begin to settle on the working surfaces of the mechanisms. This makes it difficult to function the system, causes the destruction of parts.

Another important assignment of consumables is to protect all the mechanical elements of the corrosion system. Without high-quality lubricant The engine will not be able to work long and fully.

Types of oil

There are various types of lubricants for the motor. For each car, they must be properly chosen. Each manufacturer tests the operation of the mechanism of the motor. As a result of research, there are conclusions about the most appropriate form of consumables.

Replacing the engine in the car engine can be carried out using funds made on the basis of mineral, synthetic and semi-synthetic substance. Also, consumables include special additives. Mineral oil cheaper. It is used by car drivers, the engine of which has a big mileage.

For new engines, manufacturers admit to the use of synthetic or semi-synthetic agents. They are more flowable and have pronounced detergent properties. Such means require replacement not as often as mineral varieties. The substances on a synthetic basis are capable of protecting the mechanism much better.

Replace frequency

To understand how much can change the oil in the engine, you must first look into the instruction manual. It is spelled out that the motor consumables must be changed every 10-14 thousand km.

However, this indicator is averaged. It is affected by the load that the engine is exposed when working. For example, standing in traffic jams, the motor is poorly cooled. The consumable material in these conditions is growing much faster. The difference is really colossal. In this case, the oil will have to change much earlier.

If the machine drives mainly on the highway at a speed of 100-130 km / h, the system is cooled fully. This reduces the heat load on the motor and, accordingly, oil. This allows you to replace consumables later.

The ideal for the operation of the motor is to ride on medium speed, as well as a small amount of idle work (after the engine warms it).

Heavy operating conditions

To understand how many kilometers can change the oil in the engine, you need to know what is considered to be serious operating conditions of the motor. If they take place, the consumables will need to be changed earlier than in 10-14 thousand km.

Adverse factors that increase the load on the engine and oil in it should be attributed to extreme temperatures. ambient. Strong frost or, on the contrary, heat, as well as fluctuations in air heating level are considered unfavorable factors. Also, a wet climate or high dustiness can cause an ambulance to replace the oil.

If the car transports gravity (in the trunk or on the trailer), the consumable material degrades faster. Road conditions of a large city, frequent standing in traffic jams are also equated to unfavorable factors. If they are presented, the indicator of the motor lubrication frequency replacement rate is reduced by 25-30%.

Influence of the type of oil on the replacement frequency

Having understood in the fact that we need to change the engine in the engine, you must take into account another moment. Due to the fact that today the consumables market presents a variety of means, the duration of their operation is also different.

Mineral varieties require replacement much more often. Otherwise, they strongly clog motor combustion products.

The semi-synthetic differs from them greater basics stability. For its improvement, such funds are supplied with quite many additives. Despite this, the funds presented are degrading quickly. Semi-synthetic good quality It may correspond to the standard replacement intervals - 10-12 thousand km. But the engine should work without lags.

Synthetic is also different. Hydrocracking views are not far away from semi-synthetic. Oils on a polyalphaole basis, as well as the ester materials are used. The most progressive and expensive are synthetic polyglycol lubricants. The term of their operation is much more than that of other means.

Independent oil change

To make maintenance yourself, it is necessary to know the procedure for replacing the oil in the engine. If all the actions make it yourself, you can save financial resources.

To do this, it is necessary to highlight a sufficient amount of time, especially if this procedure has to do for the first time. It is necessary to choose a good place where no one will interfere, and where the machine will not be an obstacle.

If there is no specially equipped space (with a pit or lift) nearby, you can find a special type of landscape. It may be a bump or elevation. A fox is also suitable.

All actions are best done in dry weather. Machine must be put on the handbrake. It is very important that it does not roll in the engine maintenance process. You can even pour the wheels with wooden bars or bricks.

Drain of work

Next, it is necessary to consider how to correctly change the oil in the engine. Depending on the location of the drain tank cap, it is necessary to properly lift the car with a jack. From right choice Wheels for lifting depends comfort when working.

Next, you should climb under the car, unscrew the tube of the tank. Tara is substituted under it. Working will be hot, so the procedure is carried out carefully and in gloves. If the liquid falls into the arm, it should be wiped in advance prepared rag.

For the container best suits the basin. It is also worth preparation of a plastic bottle with a capacity of 5 liters. It can be drained to work out. It must be passed to dispose of the manufacturer's firm. In garage cooperatives are also accepted.

Before draining the old oil, the engine needs to warm well. You can just drive about 5 km by car. The lubricant will become more fluid, and the suspension of dirt particles is mixed, will be removed from the parts of the motor. In a preheated form, more work is able to merge from the motor.

Replacing the filter

Considering the procedure for how to correctly change the engine oil, the oil filter replacement technology should be studied. While the mixture flows into the prepared container, you can go to the next stage of work.

Need to unscrew old filter. To remove the cleaner, the special tool will not be required. The filter is unscrewed manually. If the cleaner bought to its landing site, use a special filler. There are different types of this tool. If you wish, it can be made independently by the Purchated Template.

When the puller squeeze the filter from the spot, it is unscrewed by hand. If the cleaner was set down the throat, the old oil can flow out of it. It must be wiped with a rag. The filter is subject to disposal. It can not be washed and put in the engine again. Be sure to be purchased a new filter.

Does oil need when installing the filter?

Studying how and how often it is to change the oil in the engine, you should consider several nuances. The filter when replacing does not require additional lubrication in 99% of cases. Some drivers argue that lubricant when replacing the cleaner avoids the formation of an air traffic. They argue that in this case the consumables immediately enters the system.

However, filter manufacturers do not suggest such a procedure. Planting place The cleaner is carefully cleaned by contamination. Literally a few drops of oil applied to the new filter sealing ring.

Manually cleaned the cleaner in the installation site. It must be tightened to ¾ turns. Oil applies to the system very quickly. Therefore, his fill in the filter is a useless spending time. The design of the cleaner eliminates the possibility of air traffic jam.

Pouring new oil

Considering the question of how and how often to change the engine oil in the engine, attention should be paid to the fill of the new product in the engine. Development can flush for quite a long time. At least 30 minutes it is necessary to provide fluids for outgoing.

Fully remove the old oil will not work. Therefore, it is more correct to pour the same tool into the motor as it was used in the engine. After draining the workshop, the tank cover is screwed back. It is not necessary to join it, otherwise you can disrupt the thread.

A funnel is inserted into the tank neck. The oil is poured in small portions. Depending on the type of motor, about 3 liters of consumable material will be required. Next you need to wait 20 minutes so that the tool is distributed over the system.

Then the dipstick must check the oil level. It should ideally be between MIN and MAX marks. It is allowed so that the oil is more. Its level then approaches the maximum value.

Experienced auto mechanics give an answer to the question of when it is better to change the engine oil. This event is better to timed to the general inspection. But at the same time, all the above factors should be taken into account that can reduce the time of normal operation of the consumable material.

If, after the first trip, the oil level has significantly decreased, the formation of leakage is possible. In this case, it is better to contact the service center. Experienced specialists using special equipment will be able to determine the cause of the breakdown.

Having studied how and how often to change the engine oil, each owner of the car can correctly and on time to carry out the maintenance of the motor. In this case, it is possible to significantly increase the system resource, warning its destruction under the influence of mechanical loads and high temperatures.

Oil in the motor of any car is responsible for the reliability of the most important nodes. It is designed to reduce the wear of the engine components. It is no secret that the work of many parts of the engine (bearings, pistons, cylinders) are based on friction, and the oil is intended to level this process.

There are situations in which cars are idle in garages or parking. To allow this to the owners is not recommended, since the oil flows into the crankcase. As a result, when the motor still starts, the first minutes work almost "dry", which is detrimental for the mechanism.

Oil, like antifreeze, acts as a cooler, removing heat from the rubbing parts. In addition, the engine oil helps protect the engine parts from corrosion (rust). The latter function is very important, since pistons, camshafts, valves and other parts of the motor work in very difficult conditions. They are exposed to large temperatures, friction, the influence of fuel combustion products, etc.

Causes of aging motor oil

In the process of work on the "age" of motor oil affects many factors. And it's not only in the number of kilometers who drove a car, as some think. Of course, as the kilometer increases, the gradual oxidation of lubrication and the burnout of additives occurs. In addition, pollution accumulates. All this leads to the fact that the oil becomes unable to perform its functions.

NOTE! When the engine oil is replaced, it is completely merged from the engine along with all the contaminants, and the new one is poured inside. However, it is equally important to produce a replacement oil filter. If you leave an old filter, then the old garbage will fall into the fresh lubricant.

The main factors affecting the resource of the engine oil:

• seasonality;
• operating modes;
• fuel quality;
• oil base;
• efficiency of filters;
• the overall condition of the engine.

Consequences Ride on the Old Oil

Savings on engine oil can lead to crying consequences for the car:

• motor overheating. The exhaust oil is much worse thanks heat from the engine;
• friction. The older oil, the more liquid it becomes. As a result, friction increases between the parts, and the load on all nodes of the force aggregate increases. The consequences of these processes will not like a single motorist. At best, fuel consumption will increase, and the motor resource will quickly reduce. At worst, the engine can start "knocking". In this case, there is no road road - immediate overhaul;
• reduced anti-corrosion characteristics. The appearance of rust does not benefit the engine details;
• formation of deposits. This is due to the destruction of additives or oil pollution by combustion products in the crankcase. As a result, the engine power is significantly reduced, and the content of toxic substances in exhaust gases increases.
• increase the viscosity of the oil. There are difficulties with the circulation of lubrication, and the engine and individual items are significantly extended. In addition, oil "starvation" leads to problems with the launch of the engine "on the cold". Under the worst samples, the engine can and completely refuse.
• large wear of the turbocharger (if available). Exhaust oil has a significant effect on the compressor shaft and bearings, which damages the rotor. In addition, dirty oil leads to clogging of the channels of the compressor lubrication, which is why it can jam.
• turning rod liners. because of undime replacement Oils in the engine clogged the oil canal. The more exhaust engine oil accumulated, the greater loads are exposed skeeping inserts, due to which their turns.

NOTE! Regardless of how often the car is operated, it is necessary to change the oil in the motor at least once a year. It is strictly recommended to ride the car with the burnt and thickened oil, since in such conditions the engine "dies" too quickly.

Nowadays, in any auto shop, you can encounter a wide range of engine oils. Progress does not stand still, and many modern lubricants differ straightened from those that were used again 15 years ago. Roughly speaking, modern oils compared to older - like a spacecraft near equestrian harness.

The most popular types of oils are mineral, synthetic and semi-synthetic. Mineral is produced by distillation and oil purification, synthetic is created by gas synthesis. As for the semi-synthetic, then it can be understood from the name, is a mixture of the first and second species.

Synthetic

Synthetic engine oils are produced using complex chemical synthesis in laboratory conditions. In principle, they do not contain the mineral component. Synthetics has a number of advantages: high characteristics Viscosity, efficiency in engine protection, increased replacement intervals, reducing fuel consumption. In addition, synthetic oils are perfectly adapted to operation in a wide range of temperatures.

Semi-synthetic

It is worth saying that pure mineral machine oil Nowadays - big rarity. They replaced the semi-synthetic, which are a mixture of mineral and synthetic. IN semi-synthetic oils Higher additive content. Their base is not distinguished by persistence, and the decay products strongly pollute the engine.

Semi-synthetic is the perfect option for using a city or high speed driving on all types of cars. Oils of this species is resistant to oxidation and are recommended for use in extreme temperature conditions.

Esters oils

The main difference between the ester oils from others is the high cost. Not every car enthusiast can afford to purchase this type of lubricant for its "iron friend", since it costs 5-10 times more than those described above. The question arises, is the passters of their money?

There is no unambiguous answer to this question - opinions are diverged. Estherians forming the basis this type Oils are esters that are obtained as a result of esterification with alcohols of carboxylic acids. In general, the high cost of the estants is justified, since the process of producing the estrices is complicated, time consuming and consists of several stages.

Inspend high cost Estherians give:

• perfect grip with metal surfaces (excluded oil "starvation" of the engine);
• durable protective film even with high load jumps;
• lack of harmful additives;
• low lubrication consumption for avgar;
• saving fluidity while lowering the temperature (there will be no problems in order to start the car even in the frost);
• motor protection from slag formation;
• ecology in production and use.

Polyglycol oils

This type is a type of synthetic oils, approximately 1/3 of the total. Potentially at the moment they can be considered the most progressive. Polyglycols are considered cleaner even compared to Estera, and also have a noticeably longer service life.

To date, the main function of polyglycol oils is the cooling of the engine. They are also used in the processing of metals and as brake and hydraulic fluids. Polyglycoli most of them are not mixed mineral Oil or mix limited.

The positive properties of polygly collections include:

• high viscosity index;
• good antioxidant and thermal resistance when entering appropriate additives.

IMPORTANT! Completely unacceptably mixes with each other different species, for example, synthetic and mineral. An exception can be some hopeless cases. Also experts do not advise mix motor lubricants from different manufacturersAlthough, as long as, in extreme cases, it is possible to make an exception. Synthetic can be mixed with other oils of one manufacturer only under the condition that it is directly allowed in the instructions.

So we got to the main question - how often do you need to change the engine oil? The easiest way to find out the necessary oil replacement interval is to look into the instruction manual for the car. As a rule, the frequency of replacement of lubricant in the motor takes into account the operating conditions vehicle. So B. different countries Recommendations for the replacement of oil may differ depending on at least the quality of roads.

Most often, the oil is required to change every 10 thousand kilometers, although some models can work without replacing up to 20 thousand. However, experts recommend to replace every 10 thousand. This will significantly extend the service life of the engine, eliminate the sudden breakdowns and will save the owner from the need to carry out expensive repairs.

Separately, it is worth noting oils with Longlife labeling (literal translation - "long life"). Such oils can be changed after 15,000 - 20,000 km.

Factors affecting oil replacement

A number of factors affect the replacement of oil:

• engine type, as well as the year of its release (the year of the car is not at what - do not confuse these values);
• car operating conditions (load level, road quality);
• the degree of engine wear (significant, medium, increased - depends on the run);
• compatibility of engine materials with specific types of engine oils.

NOTE! If you buy a used machine, then the replacement of engine oil will have to produce. If you do not know what lubricant used the former owner, it is recommended to flush the engine further (for this there are also special oils).

Heavy operating conditions

1. Irregular use of a car and engine. Machines on which they go daily, behave better. Otherwise, there is a need to often change the oil, other problems appear in the mechanism of the motor.
2. Frequent trips for short distances. The bottom line is that with short trips (the most popular example - trips around the city) the engine is never warming up to a normal state. At least, if you follow the daily route.
3. Riding on the principle of "Start Stop". Another problem of urban traffic. Such ride happens on each traffic light or crossroads. With frequent and short starts, the engine oil is strongly heated and spent.
4. Car overload or trailer use. Excessive load on the engine has an impact on the oil itself.
5. Polluted air. Dust and dirt located in the atmosphere come through air filter and in the engine. In this case, the quality of its work is noticeably reduced.
6. Low quality gasoline.
7. Idling.

Outcome

Each motorist should clearly decide for itself when changing the oil in the engine. It depends on the individual characteristics of the car and a number of other factors listed above. Obviously, but very effective advice - do not save on engine oil. Costs on good lubricant Always pay off and do not skew to you expensive repairs.

For most car owners of the question: how often and when changing the engine oil simply does not exist. After all, there is a service book, where it is clear: after 10 - 15 thousand km of run, what to think about? But as we see, it does not take into account the operation of the car or the quality of the filled. In fact, everything is somewhat more difficult, and if we consider only the mileage, determining when changing the oil in the engine, and not pay attention to the conditions of the engine and the characteristics of the engine oil, the choice of the replacement frequency will be made not optimal. Extracting a car in particularly severe winter conditions, do not forget the spring to change the oil on the summer, and in the fall, change the oil on the winter.

Effect of engine operating conditions

An equal mileage mileage in the city and by the motorway is an almost three-time difference in the time of operation of the motor. For example, to overcome 15 thousand km in urban mode with traffic jams and speed restrictions, it will have to work for about 600 hours, outside the city is not more than 250. This huge difference in the time of work leads to the fact that in urban operation, oil loses its properties Much faster, if you count on run. After all, the temperature effect on it even during the operation of the motor with a small load is quite large. In modern power units quite high working temperatureWhat enhances this impact.

On the load track, they can also differ significantly. The machine at speeds up to 130 km / h does not have to experience even average loads. Therefore, oil in the engine at such speeds to experience minor loads and almost does not lose their qualities. Machines with a powerful engine at such speeds and are at all have a minimum load. So, their negative impact on engine oil in such conditions will be small.

At high speeds together with the increase in the load on force aggregateLoad on the oil increases.

On cars with low-power motors and with a small gear ratio of transmission, at speeds above 130, the oil is completely difficult. With the growth of the engine load, the conditions of its work deteriorate - the temperature of the pistons increases, the volume and pressure of crankcase gases increases, destroying on its foundation.

Optimal working conditions for engine oil

• speed of movement, which makes up half the maximum permissible vehicle;
• a short time at idle after warming up;
• good ventilation crankcase;
• compliance temperature mode work in the engine.

If you focus on car manufacturers, giving recommendations, on the interval of engine oil replacement in motor oil, the typical period of its replacement is from 200 to 400 hours of the total operation of the engine in various modes, eliminating long-term operation with maximum efficiency. Uncomplicated calculations show that 400 engine work hours in the city with an average speed of about 25 km / h correspond to a run of 10,000 km. And the same hours of movement outside the city with an average rate of 60 km / h - this is already 24,000 km run, although it is doubtful that you need to tighten with the replacement.

Not to all car owners fell solely on highways, and even slowly. What to do to those who drive mainly in the city and also possesses the machine with a forced engine. Apparently, to reduce oil replacement intervals.

A considerable impact on the frequency of replacement has and what kind of motor oil is used.

Properties of motor oils

A huge selection of this consumable material in stores is often putting a car owner in a dead end and makes him ask the seller a rather stupid question - and what better? But they are not divided into good and bad, they are all intended for different types of engines. For example, something that is suitable for a diesel engine is not suitable for gasoline, but this does not mean that it is worse.

Any oil consists of the foundation and additives added to it. Types of base:

• mineral;
• semi-synthetic;
• synthetic;
• synthetic hydrocracking.

Minerals are found in our time extremely rare. They replaced semi-synthetic, with a higher additive content. Their base is not distinguished by persistence - the products of its decay strongly pollute the engine. Additives are also held not very reliable. Yes, and viscosity varies significantly over time. Despite all this stability of this basis, it is enough for the recommended 10 - 15 thousand km of mileage. But with more sophisticated conditions Operation This interval should be reduced.

Oils with a synthetic hydrocracking basis are considered to be conventional semi-synthetic, but they are significantly better, since their viscosity is more stable, and additives are retained. Most of the oils from automakers are manufactured on this basis. Even when large runs They behave better than their competitors on a mineral basis. They have less harmful decay products and the best detergent properties.

Types of classifications

• SAE - viscosity classification;
• API is a classification for appointment and quality.

The SAE class indicates a temperature range in which the oil allows the scrolling of the crankshaft by the starter and pumps the pump on the lubrication system without allowing dry friction.

Winter classes:

Summer classes:

• 20 - min viscosity at 100 ° C 5.6 mm2 / s;
• 30 - min viscosity at 100 ° C 9.3 mm2 / s;
• 40 - min viscosity at 100 ° C 12.5 mm2 / s;
• 50 - min viscosity at 100 ° C 16.3 mm2 / s;
• 60 - min. Viscosity at 100 ° C 21.9 mm2 / s.

All-season are designated two numbers one winter class, another summer, for example: SAE 5W-30 or SAE 10W-40. Each of them corresponds to the parameters of one winter and one summer class.

According to API Oil are divided into the following operational categories:

• S (Service) - for gasoline engines, divided into quality groups presented in chronological sequence;
• C (Commercial) - for diesel enginesdivided into groups of quality and destination presented in the time sequence;
• EU (Energy Conserving) - Energy Saving: A new group of high-quality oils that have no excessive viscosity, good fluidity and reduce fuel consumption according to testimony of tests conducted on gasoline engines.

Everyone new Class It is indicated by the letter alphabetically. Universal use (for gasoline and diesel engines) are denoted by two letters the first in the designation is the main second indicates the possibility of applying in other types of engines.

Quality Class API

For gasoline:

• SM - dated 30.11.04 for current multi-chamber and turbocharged engines, oil is protected from oxidation with improved qualities at low temperatures;
• SL - for multicast and turbocharged engine outputs later than 2000, working on depleted fuel mixes. Permissible, use when recommending an oil producer of class SJ and earlier.
• SJ - for engines passenger cars, minibuses and light trucks after 1996 release. Oils of this class can be applied with the recommendations of class S and earlier.
• SH - for release engines later than 1994.
• SG - for release engines later than 1989.
• SF - for release engines later than 1980.
• SE - for release engines later than 1972.

For diesel:

Consequences of exceeding the timing of oil

In cases of significant exceeding the timing of semi-synthetics or synthetics in the engine, it takes to the pistons, which leads to the loss of mobility of the rings, dropping compression and increased wear of the parts of the piston group, as well as to the increase in the flow of oil due to the rings.