Synthetic motor oils - choice. Choose engine oil: synthetic or HC synthetic? Light or heavy

Today we will take a little from the usual structure of such ratings - "Best mineral / semi-synthetic / synthetic oil". The reason is simple: a specifically taken engine primarily requires an oil viscosity by the manufacturer, and modern engines use low-grade lubricants (this is usually high-temperature viscosity 30, on many motors - 20). Discuss in this context something except synthetic, stupid. The separation of "gasoline / diesel engines" category is not less strange, taking into account the fact that 90% of modern oils have tolerances for use in both types of engines, discuss purely "diesel" oil in relation to passenger cars It makes sense only in the segment of oils intended for motors with summary filters.

Therefore, we divide the engine oils today by categories of their specific application, and not by virtual and not practical parameters:

• Oil with high temperature viscosity 40 (5W40 in our ranking) - the best way For engines produced in the 90s - the beginning of the 2000s. For the regions of the Far North, it makes sense to consider 0W40 oils, it can noticeably facilitate the launch of the motor in the winter.
• 5 W30. To date, it can be considered universal: this viscosity is also used in budget foreign cars, and in premium car engines.
• 0 W20. - low-grade motor oils used in large quantities modern engines. And to pour more viscous oils in them categorically not recommended: piston ringsSpecially having reduced elasticity to reduce mechanical losses, do not cope with a stronger oil film, butter fuses growth.
• High temperature viscosity 50. Relevant for owners, rigidly operating their cars - no wonder oil 5W50, 10W60 got the name of "sports" in everyday life.
• 10w40 -the standard choice of older owners is usually the budget semi-synthetic of outdated quality classes - SH, SJ.
• Diesel with the particulate filters Must have a minimum inchar oil, which does not have a noticeable solid precipitate (low solitude). This parameter is critical, so only oils having appropriate certification are allowed into the motors of such cars. The overwhelming majority of passenger diesel engines use oils with a viscosity of 5W30, and we will consider them.

Most motorists are not founding without reason that synthetic lubricants are perfect solution For engines. However, almost none of them know that synthetics is classified into two large groups, depending on the base, is the NA and PJSC.

What is PJSC and NS Synthetic?

The designation of the NA on the package suggests that the grease base is oil produced by hydrocracking technology, and heavy petroleum products perform the raw materials here. Hydrocracking removes harmful additives from the mineral base and allows you to destroy long molecular chains.

But PAO synthetics are made of gas, conducting synthesis of light hydrocarbons of polyalphaolefins. Technology allows you to get a product without sulfur and metal impurities.

Many people think that there is no difference and most importantly - viscosity. However, exploitation vehicle proves the opposite. Oils with different bases are distinguished by thermo-oxidative stability.

Today, experts are increasingly recommended to reduce the interservice oil replacement intervals. The thing is that in large cities, in traffic jams, machines work with overloads, and it is not necessary to talk about ideal operating conditions in this case.

What are the advantages of paos synthetics

NS synthetic is cheaper due to features in technology. But the replacement interval is not very large here, although it is possible to find oils with an increase in 30% interservice mileage (it all depends on the manufacturer and additives used by them).

But if you go to the "full" synthetics, that is, on PJSC, the engine (including modern highly functional) will be contained clean much longer.

By the way, it is such oils that exclude racers, on each highway, squeezing the entire resource from its engine.

The advantages of PJSC synthetics are as follows:

• Increased antifriction characteristics;
• Decline in friction in working areas leading to fuel economy;
• Stability of engine elements when exposed to high temperatures;
• Minimum consumption for avgar;
• Increased oxidation resistance;
• Stability of chemical properties of lubrication throughout the entire operational period;
• Increased detergent properties that ensure the purity of the engine;
• Quick running motor even under reduced temperatures;
• Increased interservice interval.

For some reason it is believed that completely synthetic oils (PJSC) Created exclusively for high-speed lovers. However, this product is designed primarily on those who protect the engine and their own funds. So, PJSC synthetics is more expensive than NA oils by 25-30%, but in thermal stability, it exceeds it. As a result, fuel economy and reducing service costs are obvious.

How to choose a PAO-synthetics?

Domestic legislation does not distinguish between PJSC and NA oils. Information about the type of basic oils used is difficult to find on the sites of manufacturers.

However, there are several little things to pay attention to when choosing:

• In Germany, the difference between synthetic oils is determined by law - here the inscription "VollSynthetisches" indicates a lubricant to the PJSC group;
• But the inscriptions on the "NS-Synthetic" or "NA" package indicate belonging to a completely different group;
• Oils classifying as 0W-, for the most part, have a synthetic base, and lubricants of categories 5W-, 10W-, 15W-, 20W almost always hydrocracking;
• The cost of fully synthetic oil is not lower than 6-10 dollars per liter;
• Among the large number of manufacturers you can find companies that make differences between these two groups of oils.

Features of using fully synthetic oils

There are several misconceptions about fully synthetic oils:

1. It is believed that due to the fluidity of such a lubricant in the engine may occur. In fact, the leaks are caused by the worn out elements of the motor, such as glands and seals, and much more often occur when driving on mineral water.
2. Synthetics cannot adversely affect the engine - and if it only passes the running, and if his warranty period has already ended. However, for this, it is necessary to comply with the service intervals of the replacement and use the grease of regulated viscosity.
3. The statement that synthetics is only needed by machines operating with extreme overloads (for example, in taxi mode) erroneously. It can be used on a car of any type - the main thing is to choose the viscosity correctly.
4. In a fully suitable engine, the synthetic almost does not require level control, since the avgar here is minimal compared to mineral lubricants.
5. It may seem that the cost of synthetic is overestimated, and there can be no choice of any economy. Yes, such lubricants are really more expensive, but their operating parameters are just talking about economy. So, quick start in the cold, improved lubrication in the work areas lead to a decrease in fuel consumption. In addition, this oil retains the working capacity longer and it does not need to top.
6. In engines with a large mileage, you can replace mineral water on the synthetics. In addition, in this case there will be a soft flushing of the motor from sediments of various origins.
7. With a high cleaning ability of synthetics, another delusion is connected, stating that "as soon as the oil has acquired a black color, it needs to be changed immediately." Fresh synthetic lubricant can really darken quickly, but it only speaks that the detergent additives in its composition work. But on diesel enginesworking on domestic fuel, oil will always be black, because in a diesel engine an increased amount of soot and sulfur connections.

Often car owners do not know which oil is suitable for the engine of the machine. Such ignorance leads to the engine that lubricants are started into the engine, which do not meet the necessary parameters of the motor. Missing oil can cause engine overheating and subsequent repair.

Lubricating fluids are divided into the following groups.

1. Mineral oils. Such lubricants appear after the processing of some petroleum products. Have affordable pricesBut it is not suitable for all varieties of engines.
2. Semi-synthetic. Consist of a certain proportion of both mineral and synthetic lubrication. Operated in many cars.
3. Synthetic lubricant. They are considered one of the highest quality oils, as they are created by the synthesis of certain organic substances.

What kind of HC synthetic engine oil belongs to?

What is hc synthetic motor oil? This question is quite popular in the modern automotive society. Motor oil, which has most of the HC synthetic component, is also called hydrocracking.

Lubricant, which consists of a HC synthetic component, has an increased viscosity and high-quality temperature indicators. Due to some additives that increase the characteristics, the viscosity index of such an oil can be increased to 175 units, given the fact that mineral lubricants are not increased over 100 units.

Considering the structure of the NC-synthetic engine oil, it can be concluded that it does not apply to the semi-synthetic group of lubricants. Hydrocracking lubrication fluid is almost 80% of the National Assembly, the rest of the percentage belongs to a different kind of additives. The semi-synthetic can not show such characteristics, so oils of this kind contain only 20-35% of synthetic substances in themselves, most of the mineral oil and several percent are reserved for additives.

Making conclusions, hydrocrack engine oil can be attributed to the synthetic group. This lubricant has a weighty advantage in price, as it stands several times cheaper semi-synthetic oil And an order of magnitude cheaper than synthetic.

What is hydrocracking?

To answer the question of what HC is synthetic engine oil, you should not climb the depth of chemistry, it suffices to understand the process of hydrocracking. Hydrocracking is not just a term, this is the designation of the whole technology that allows you to raise the technical component of petroleum products to a completely different level. This procedure includes processing and purification of mineral raw materials to the extent that it approaches the synthetic group. This means that hydrocracking oils, like mineral, is made from petroleum products, but in their structure refer to synthetic lubricants.

For the hydrocracking process, a certain hydrocarbon raw material is used, namely long hydrocarbon chains. Such chains are torn by chemical way, and after, the breakdowns are filled with hydrogen molecules. After the hydrocracking, a new substance is obtained, with a structure that is completely different from the structure of mineral oils. This process is not just the purification and processing of petroleum products, but a type of synthesis.

To understand what hydrocracking is, look at this video:

Positive qualities of HC synthetic oil

What is HC-synthetic engine oil was described above, now it remains to know, indeed it can stand in one row with other synthetic oils.

The main advantage of hydrocracking oil is a high viscosity that will allow the lubricant on the surface of the rubbing parts, with this without losing fluidity. Also, similar oils are insensitive to low temperatures, which allows you to maintain the viscosity coefficient all year round.

Lubricating fluids with HC component do not harm rubber gaskets, seals and bushings. Such oils are not so sensitive to water intake. After dilution by some water, the hydrocracking oil will not spoil the components of the engine and the temperature process will not break.

There is such a concept as thermo-oxidative stability. This term denotes the duration of oil operation between its replacements. Basically, the oil replacement occurs during the maintenance, which is carried out through a certain amount of kilometers traveled. But the engine operation can be much more, as the car does not always go. You have to take into account traffic jams and warming the machine. It is with urban riding that thermo-oxidative stability is important. Hydrocracking oil is in third place on heat-oxidative stability, passing in front of him only synthetic.

Choose engine oil: synthetic or HC synthetic? What is the difference between one synthetic oil from the other. In this article we will tell you how to choose and where to buy high-quality engine oil. "Select engine oil: NS-synthetic or PAO-synthetic?". So it became clearer? Not! Well, then the mercy is asked for clarification. Our expensive motorists. Marketing departments of oil companies for many years have explained to you that the synthetic oil is good for the engine. And now you all know it perfectly. But the fact that the synthetic oil is two species - they know the units. And it would be worthwhile to understand this matter. After all, from what kind of synthetic oil base includes - to the NA synthetics or PAO synthetics, its consumer properties and cost are dependent. What is hiding behind these abbreviations? What is NS synthetics? If NS synthetics is written on a motor oil canister, it means that basic oilFrom which it is manufactured, produced by hydrocracking technology from heavy petroleum products. So, with hydrocracking from basic mineral oil, harmful impurities are removed and long molecular chains are destroyed. That is, the oil is synthesized from heavy hydrocarbons. What is PAO-Synthetic? Basic oils related to PAO synthetics are made of gas. This occurs due to the synthesis of polyalphaolefins (PAO) light hydrocarbons (PAO), which are the basis this type Oils. With this technology, a substance with a homogeneous molecular composition devoid of sulfur and metals impurities is obtained. Light or heavy? At first glance, there is no difference in which one or another base of oil of one and also commodity viscosity, for example, 5W30 is not visible. But the practice of exploiting motor oils speaks about the opposite. The most important difference lies in the heat-oxidative stability of the oil, and simply put in the duration between the oil run of the oil before it thickens. It is most clearly characterized by the diagram below. Select motor oil without reading the article:

A diagram illustrating the thermo-oxidative stability of engine oil, depending on the type of base oil: mineral, synthetic - hydrocregnation, fully synthetic. Why do you need heat-oxidative stability? The inexperienced reader may ask: "Why should I take care of the thermal oxidative stability of the engine oil if I clearly perform the recommendations of the automaker in terms of its replacement?" In this question, it is necessary to understand in more detail: and is it? Or maybe at all the average motorist, living in a metropolis, clearly fulfill the requirements of automakers in terms of the replacement of engine oil? Let's catch. Let the time to replace the engine oil will be every 15 thousand km. And our conditional driver will go to work at a distance of 50 km every day. At the same time, on the road, it will spend on average 1 hour in the morning and 1 hour in the evening. With this mode of operation, the need to change the oil, if you judge the odometer will come after 300 days or, roughly speaking, a year. During this time, the engine will work 600 hours. And how much can you drive for 600 hours, if you do not stand in traffic jams and if the engine runs 2500 revolutions per minute (in direct transmission it corresponds to a speed of 90-100 km / h)? Multiplied? It turns out 60,000 km. Those. It turns out that our conventional resident of the metropolis has a four-time (!!!) oil lyrics during the interservice interval. Imagine that during this time it will work in the engine? That is why the heat-oxidative stability of engine oil is so important for the city's urban operation. Automakers fully encountered that problem. Ten years ago, there was a marketing competition in the one who declares the longer intersavice interval. But now everything official points maintenance Reduce the real oil replacement interval. It is done in quiet, without loud advertising. It happens on the basis that a special footnote appeared in each service book. She says that the shortened deadline for the replacement of motor oil is recommended under "severe operating conditions." The movement in the traffic jams of our big cities is subject to such conditions! Choose motor oil without reading the article: http://autolider42.ru/masla-motornie/

How to replace the synthetics? Let's go back to the beginning of our narrative - to engine oil. Today, the main type of oil used in modern cars is synthetics. And due to economic reasons, it is NS-synthetics, i.e. Product made using hydrocracking technology. On the open spaces of the Internet, you can find a lot of discussions about the stability and quality of motor oils. different manufacturers . But if you look at the results of laboratory tests, it turns out that the difference "in quality" between the products of different brands, in units between the service run, does not exceed 25-30%. This is also a lot, but knowingly will not even block the dual releasing motor oil. In this case, the solution lies, as always, on the surface. This is the transition to another type of database on PJSC synthetics. And what I like most in this solution - it is done by the owner itself and does not depend on the car manufacturers. The use of fully synthetic engine oils allows you to contain an engine clean, which is especially important for modern high-mounted engines. The advantages of the synthetics. The first to fully appreciate the work of motor oils based on the synthetics, there were racing drivers. During the competition, the engine can work out its resource for one race: the pilot does not regret it, trying to squeeze out of the forced motor everything is capable of. And here, how it is impossible, by the way, the special properties of the oils of this type, which we have not yet affected our story. We list them: - High antifriction properties; - fuel economy due to reducing friction; - the stability of the engine parts to temperature overloads; low oil consumption for avgar; - High resistance to oxidation during operation. All this allowed to squeeze the maximum from the engine, and at the same time get to the finish line. From the sports "stables", the synthetics began to move on and on civilians until it was unnoticed by the NS synthetics. The reverse transition from the NC synthetics to the Synthetic is already possible from a new level of understanding that the user acquires from this transition. After all, in addition to the above qualities, relevant to the motorcycle, a simple user receives a few more advantages in the daily operation of the machine. Here they are: - the stability of chemical properties, during the entire period of use; - engine cleanliness due to high detergents; - confident engine start at low temperatures; - An elongated interservice interval. Obviously there is something to fight. Synthetica - product for leaning! I will explain my position. Synthetic is more expensive than NS synthetics, but not much - it is 30%. In almost 30% of this, it almost doubles it in thermal stability, without taking into account additional positive properties. This allows the engine to protect the engine and avoid its increased wear, increase the interservice mileage and, ultimately, get the best motor condition during operation. This leads to savings as possible serviceand fuel. Moreover, the use of similar synthetics is particularly relevant for modern thermally loaded engines, which also constructively alone oil canals. After all, the channel was clogged, and the engine "Cover". When using fully synthetic oil, such developments are excluded. How to buy like synthetics? The question that is apparent banal in the era of the winning capitalism, but relevant when making a purchase. As a simple consumer, it is completely synthetic oil on the "collapse" of the stores, and not the oil made by hydrocrack technology? Unfortunately, we can state that this is a difficult task. Russian consumer legislation does not distinguish between these two types of synthetics in contrast, for example, from German. The sites of oil producers on their pages tell about everything that is used, except as which base oil is used. Information on the base of oil has to look for as well as information about the composition of food additives in products - there is a read text written by small font on the label. We give some simple recommendations, how to independently deal with inscriptions on the canister with butter. Thus, European oil producers tend to refer to the oil specification, which is done on National Assembly (hydrocracking) or write that "NS-Synthetic" oil. At the same time, as Japanese, Korean and American oil producers boldly call their own, in essence, mineral or hydrocracking oils 100% or Full Synthetic. It is possible to figure out which oil is in the canister, it is possible only to a complex laboratory. But there are some little things to pay attention to the choice of oil: if the oils are made in Germany, the "VollSynthetisches" inscriptions are usually enough, since Germany is the only country where the concept of synthetic oil is legally determined. If the label is written "ns-synthetic" or "ns", these are oils released on hydrocracking, and are not PJSC synthetics. If oils go in gradations 0W-, then their basis in most cases synthetic. Real synthetic oils cannot cost 400 rubles per liter. Oils 5W-, 10W-, 15W-, 20W for the most part "semi-synthetic" or "hydrocracking". Buy high-quality engine oil.

The choice of oil for the modern driver is not easy: I want to save a budget, and the product purchase quality. Today, experts give quite specific recommendations for choosing oil, and experienced motorists, of course, listen to them. It remains, in fact, choose only the manufacturer, but it turns out not so easily, as it seems at first glance. He who respects and appreciates his iron horseIt seeks to purchase an "food" of an elite class - synthetic oil. But often inside a bright canister with a Full Synthetic signature, there is no such fluid that the caring car enthusiast was expected to see. The problem is that the Russian legislation does not yet provide gradation of oils, and in the modern market there are 4 types of this type of product. How to deal with this issue and not be disappointed in your purchase?

What is real synthetic oil?

Synthetic oil in its original value is a product that is synthesized from a light PJSC hydrocarbon molecules, which has a homogeneous molecular composition without impurities of complex hydrocarbons and paraffins, as well as a number of unique physicochemical properties. The technology of producing such engine oil is quite complex and expensive, so this product has been available only in a professional racing segment. Later synthetic oil fell on russian marketHowever, it was already waiting for him on the shelves - synthetic oil made according to the principle of hydrocracking HC.

What is the feature of the synthetics obtained by hydrocracking?

HC synthetics is more accessible by PJSC synthetics by price, but requires more frequent replacement: In urban conditions, this is every 10,000 kilometers of run. Hydrocracking technology implies the purification of basic mineral oil from harmful impurities and the destruction of the long molecular chains of the product base. That is, oil is not synthesized from lighter hydrocarbons, but from heavier. Its properties, of course, are incomparably better than the usual mineral, but to the synthetic hydrocarbon PJSC is still far.

Experienced drivers have already noticed a number of problems that you have to face if you deal with such "budget" oil. Disappointing statistics recent years Fixed the failure of a huge amount of cars in the winter season due to geling (geling) of motor oil made using hydrocrack technology. Laboratory studies of a number of independent companies have shown that after a run of 3-5 thousand kilometers, the engine oil changes the chemical composition and freezes at temperatures -5c. Manufacturers blame the use of poor-quality fuels, journalists, by contrast - butter. However, the experimental method of one of the oil companies it was found that the artificial administration of unusual paraffin oil in the amount of 6% leads to a thickening of 5W40 (oil based on hydrocracking National Assembly), and at 0W40 and 0W30 (synthesized from PA) does not affect anyone.

How to find high-quality synthetics?

The first thing to pay attention to is the place of the oil producer. Today, Germany is the only country where the synthetic oil type is enshrined. So, choosing a German canister with the inscription VollSynthetisches, you can be sure that you acquire a quality product. Other manufacturing countries belong to the marking of oils more loyally: if European countries are put on the product of NS-Synthetic, , and even at all mineral oils. It remains to hope only for yourself and carefully study on the packaging all that is written in the smallest font.

Another output is the use of verified products. So, the German company Liqui Moly. With half a century history and unshakable reputation, known to motorists of more than 110 countries of the world, offers a wide selection of synthetic engine oils.

Synthoil series is:

• 100% synthetic base of PAO hydrocarbons;
• highest resistance to oxidation;
• stability at low launch temperatures;
• resistance to temperature differences and overloads;
• care of cleanliness and engine protection;
• high level of antifriction properties;
• fuel economy due to reduced friction;
• small oil consumption for avgar;
• stable chemical composition;
• long interservice interval.

Choosing oil for its vehicles, the driver must first decide what he wants: to save money or get a quality product that will serve for a long time. It should be remembered that from HC synthetics of the same operational properties, as from PJSC synthetics, should not be expected. Monitoring of modern auto chemicals showed that real synthetic oils cannot cost 500 rubles per liter.