Weak places and disadvantages Fiat Albea. Fiat Albea with mileage: Problem places of a state employee from Italy The engine does not develop full power

HOW TO CHOOSE

Since Albea has not been made since 2012, you will have to choose exclusively on secondary market. I prepared thoroughly to purchase, revised many options, there are ten pieces at least. It was noted that many cars, even relatively fresh, stained salons. Upholstery, as a rule, brand, poor-quality. But this is not the most chief flawMoreover, it is partially eliminated with the help of covers. Many cars with konders walk owl rollers. I understand it is a weak place in Albea. Not critical, of course, but I really didn't want to mess around with the replacement. At one time, a similar problem was on me Peugeot 206.. Therefore, I eventually took without air conditioning. It has been more cheaper than it. In the summer, a little straw, of course, but I treat the heat well, the thermal-loving.

In the rest of the special flaws in the machines did not find that he had already pleased. In the end of myself the copy of 2011 with mileage of only 36 thousand in very much good condition. For a year and a half, almost 17 thousand rushed and (pah-pah!) The machine little asked for this time.

Interior and Comfort

Exterior of the car, I think there is no meaning to describe. Everyone who has ever seen on the street knows how Albea looks like.

Therefore, I will immediately go to the internships.

In general, comfort, it is not quite the word that should be applied to albeit. Salon, although it is satisfied with my sizes completely, many may seem cloth. Doors are thin, almost like our basins like VAZ 21-15where I also had to ride ... Pockets in the doors are very small, narrow and unfitty. In such a pocket, a folded umbrella is climbing and ... and nothing else. In such cases, I often remember my old sadness Renault Symbolwhere the pockets in the doors were like boxes in the closet, even special departments for one-liter bottles were provided. And it would seem, the same class of a budget foreign car ...

The interior decoration is also very simple. Everywhere fabric. Even the doors from the inside are separated by a cloth. Not leatherette, not plastic, but thin cloth! I have not yet met such cars. About the gauge of the salon already spoke. In relation to seats, this question is solved with the help of covers, but in relation to doors it is not solved. This is, of course, minus. Not the biggest, but minus.

From pleasant moments I can mark the trio-level brightness of the interior lighting and a very convenient soft gearbox. Handle moving with one little finger as toy.

The trunk for the machine of this class is large, spacious. In my opinion, this is a plus and very significant.

The stove of the stove is properly. But noticed such a lack. It is truly warm only when you send the air flow on yourself. If up or mixed positions, then noticeably colder. And if you send to the legs, then in the winter it is generally stuffed. Here is Peugeot 206. I liked the stove more. Where to send anyway.

The entire electrician works fine. Even in severe frosts, failures did not give. Very smart heating rear glass. Surprised that in my configuration for some reason are fog lanterns, despite the fact that fog lights, on which benefits would be much more, no. Irrational. But here is, that is.

In general, for an unassuming owner, everything you need in this car are available. But something special inside do not wait. Of the advantages I can still celebrate the body with galvanized. Probably for someone it matters.

If you have a car without a congregation, then the compartment under the hood looks like that, as if something was not reported there. Do not be afraid. Just such a device. In other configurations, this empty place is occupied by air conditioning, belt and rollers.

The hood opens very peculiar. Little, as usual from the interior of the lever to pull, so it is necessary and under the hood then here is such a thing to find and pull. At first it strained me, but quickly used.

The doors are locked up by indulging in the pens deep. Not very comfortable. I like the classic castles on top of the top. However, at a speed of 20 km per hour, the doors are locked automatically, so I almost do not use these locks.

On the native mats depicted, obviously, the first Fiat ...

Luke of the gas tank opens with a button from the cabin, which is very convenient.

Native caps are screwed with wheels. So definitely do not lose on the road!

Challenges

The quieter you go, the further you'll get. From the very beginning I said that this is a donkey. Arrange the race on Albea is just stupid. For its characteristics, the car accelerates normally. If you compare from what I had in the same class, then definitely slower than Renault Symbolbut still more than Peugeot 206.. On the track, even some basins overtake. But but the road albeit holds well, does not see if you feel confident. And most importantly, you know that reliably.

CONSUMPTION

It suits me quite. When moving at 1.4 liters in the city in the summer I have real flow It was obtained from 5 to 6 liters per 100 km. Economically. Now in the November off-season, taking into account traffic and heating, the flow rate of approximately 7 liters. Last winter reached 9. But again I will make a reservation, I have a very economical ride style. Ideally switch, wherever you can, go on a neutral. Teapots or on the contrary, fans of polyhatki can and one and a half times more fuel burned. The owner of the barin, as they say.

Albea gasoline consumption counter is not very convenient because it shows no number of spending per 100 km liters, but the number of kilometers that you drive on one liter. That is, the higher the number, the more economical ride. Maximum appliance can show 50 - and this means that you currently have 2 liters per 100 km. Not very convenient to recalculate, but I adapted.

Assembly quality and possible trouble

Although it is Fiat, it is felt that our "craftsmen" collected. Fortunately, it is only in trifles. Riding on Albea a year and a half, I can say that the engine has an easy-to-go engine, the hodovka is generally normal. It is unlikely that this car will give you some serious troubles. But there are little things that can spoil the mood. Here with what of them I happened to face.

Doors. Doors on Albea is just some hemorrhoids. Mostly with them and all minor troubles were associated.

1. The case is the first. Began with the fact that riding the first autumn began to notice that I had on rear seat Something plitting all the time as if you throw a balloon of water. At first, I could not understand how much it was. Then I guessed that the sound comes from the rear doors. Shook them back and forth. So there is - inside the water! How did she get there? Rain, of course, went good. But what did the water leaked? I was looking sought, and found it. The joints of the elastic windows turned out to be poorly made. In the corner of tiny holes, and on both rear doors. Through these holes, water is gradually during the rain and seepage. Mazalled the holes with a sealant. No longer climb. And how is the water that has already typed, pour? First drove, not knowing what to do. So plucked with water from behind. I really got tired of it. Already thought about drilling holes in the door somewhere from the bottom to be unnoticed. He became the door to inspect and accidentally found the downstairs special factory kingstones, closed with rubber valves. Well, as if specifically for such a case provided! Through these Kingstones, I poured five water from each liter door. No longer recruited since then.
2. The case is second.In the first winter, at the first frosts in one "happy" morning, all four doors surpassed. None could open. I had to pour boiling water. After that, it should be missed, all the joints, but still a couple more times so it was, what came with, the truth is not all immediately and in the car I could penetrate.
3. Case Third. Rolled around for about a year, I noticed that the front passenger door began to feel loosely. The castle slams down, but with some strange sound, and the door, if from the side to watch, as if shifted. I first thought that the loops quit. Well, I think you will have to go to the service, break. Then again it was well investigated and found that the bracket was breaking on the rack, for which the door lock clings. The question was solved for half a minute with the help of zip-stars. And miracle! The door stood in place.
4. Case fourth. At about one time, one of the rear doors was creaked with a discharged screw. The question decided with the help of Wadets.
5. Case fifth.It happened quite recently. And it is not connected so much with the door itself as with a handle on it. If you open the driver's door, then the handle on it itself in initial position It does not return, so up up and remains up. Apparently, some kind of spring broke. As a result, to slam the door, first you have to lower the handle, and then shut. So I think what to do about it. Again, it seems to be a trifle, but again annoys. On the nose winter. You do not want to pay money for such Fiction. Most likely, I drive in the spring, and then in the warm weather myself scholat the handle and wait.
6. Sixth case. This time the doors do not see. The trouble was connected with the same gearbox that I like it. It happened in March. I came out somehow in the morning of the house, warming up the machine pre-... stick the first ... Neither Figa! What the hell?! I start the handle there and poke here. No transmission is included. The handle goes only in the same position - horizontal. Cleared about twenty minutes, pulled out and drove to work by bus. It was the only case when I decided that the machine led. The most interesting thing is that everything was in order with the car, and if I knew what is the problem, I would solve it in three seconds. But at that moment I did not know. In the evening, when he returned from work, two more than an hour fed, everything hoped that the box would earn. Nothing came out. I realized that the case of rubbish, it seems, serious something broke. This case occurred on Friday. And the next day I asked the brother, towed me to the service. We closed the cable and went. We are going, we are going, already before the service is not far ... And I will give up to me on new box Oh, how I do not want! So I tried in a thousandth time the speed some cheat, although I knew that it was useless. And here's a miracle! Happened! Box ideally, as before. Well, I immediately brother a signal so that it slows down. So before the service and did not reach. What happened? I do not know. We then decided that something inside was sitting there. Weather stood such that it melts, it will be frozen. And how the car on the tug drove a little, everything went out and again became in order.
7. Case seventh. A few days later, the same rubbish with a box was repeated in one wonderful morning. I, scientific already bitter experience, chuckled, got out of the car, podnodnaya at the back of the warmy's shoulder and rolled it from half the meter. It was enough. The box has earned again.

In general, I described cases when the car delivered me small trouble. They didn't cost me a penny of money, but the nerves were slightly. However, theoretically, if you do not understand it in time, what, for what, each of these cases could serve as a reason for contacting the service, where they would not have missed me to dilute ... So keep in mind if you are thinking about to buy such a car. Sometimes you have to turn on brains and hands. Rarely and on trifles, but it is necessary.

Costs and breakdowns

Now that the machine asked for a year and a half operation.

Total for a year and a half in the car invested 10 780 rubles. I do not consider the replacement of oil and filters every six months. This is certainly granted. You yourself judge, there is a lot or a little. In any case, nothing has broken anything, and I really hope that it will not break anything for a long time (pah-pah!).

My donkey as a whole I like it very much, and I plan to ride it for a long time, especially since I was invested in the hodovka. Yes, the machine is simple. Yes, not for Schumachers. Yes, not for those who love comfort. Yes, minor flaws are possible, and I honestly told about them. But all this I consider non-critical. In general, the car is reliable, it felt that durable. And this is the main point. Not particularly welcoming people clearly recommend.

Home Repair Electronics Autotelery

Features of electrical equipment and engine control system FIAT ALBEA (complemented)

FIAT ALBEA Electrical Equipment is performed on a single-wire diagram, the function of the second wire is performed by the car body.

The rated voltage of the on-board network is 12.6 V, fuses are used to protect electrical circuits.

The electrical equipment includes a battery (AKB), a generator, starter, engine control system, lighting and light signaling it, as well as control and measurable devices and additional electrical equipment. Consider some of the listed systems (nodes) in more detail. In fig. 1 shows a fragment of the car electrical circuit with the generator nodes, starter and ignition lock.

Fig. 1. Fragment of the car electrical equipment with generator nodes, starter and ignition lock

In tab. 1 shows the color marking of the mounting wires of the electrical equipment of the FIAT ALBEA car.

Table 1. Color marking of mounting wires of the electrical equipment of the car FIAT ALBEA

Generator The car has a three-phase AC generator with a built-in straightening unit on silicon diodes and an integrated voltage regulator. It is designed to power the car consumers with a constant electrical current and charging the battery.

Structurally, the generator consists of a stator and rotor. The stator is made in the form of a ring made of separate tightly compressed steel plates. On the inner part of the design is stator windingconsisting of three coils located at an angle of 120 ° in relation to each other. The coils of this winding are separated into three groups, in each group they are interconnected in series, and groups of each other - the star (some conclusions of the three groups are interconnected, while others are connected to the rectifier input).

The output voltage of the generator depends on the frequency of rotation of the rotor, the magnetic flux produced by the excitation winding, as well as from the strength of the excitation current. The voltage integral regulator ensures the stabilization of the output voltage when the rotor and load rotation frequency changes. The stabilization of the voltage occurs due to the current in the excitation winding by switching the power supply circuit with the voltage regulator. In tab. 2 shows examples of the most likely malfunctions of the generator and the causes of their occurrence.

Table 2. Malfunctions of the generator and the causes of their occurrence

Starter

The starter is a DC electric motor with an electromagnetic trailer relay and an overtaking clutch. The starter power in the engine start mode is carried out directly from rechargeable battery. When submitting voltage with contact group Ignition lock on the "50" traction relay of the starter, it moves the overtook clutch along the starter axis along the starter axis and, thus, mechanically connects the gear on the starter shaft from the curly gear of the flywheel. At the same time, the contacts of the traction relay are closed, while the voltage is fed to the anchor winding and starter stator. In tab. 3 shows the typical faults listed above the nodes and the causes of their occurrence.

Table 3. Model malfunctions of the engine start and causes their occurrence

Blocks fuses Fused fuses are located in the blocs of relays and fuses located in motor compartment and car salon (Fig. 2, 3).

Fig. 2. Place the location of the fuse block in the engine compartment

Fig. 3. Place the placement of the fuse block in the car

On the fuse enclosures there is a marking of the rated current. When replacing the fuse, others should install the fuse of the same nominal. On the inside of the covers of fuse blocks, graphic symbols of the fuse affiliates are applied to a chain. Chains protected by fuses and their nominal values \u200b\u200bare given in Table. 4. Connection of various systems of the electrical equipment of the car, such as lighting, ignition, light alarm, measuring instruments, etc. It is carried out by means of wiring harnesses with connectors. Lighting The following elements include the headlights of the car: - headlights, overall lights with turn signs, headlight adjustment node (these items are constructively combined into the front block headlights); - Front uta vote headlights; - rear block headlights, which contains fog lights, stop light lights and rear stroke, turning indicator lights; - Lighting the cabin. Lighting systems are controlled by multifunctional switches located on the steering column. Possible malfunctions lighting systems are often associated with the failure of lamps and fuses fuses. When replacing faulty lamps, you must install the lamps of the same power (indicated in the car's operation manual). In the event of malfunctions associated with the lighting of the car, the control lamp lights up in the instrument combinations. In modern modifications of the car, simultaneously with the control lamp on a multifunction display, a message appears that informs one of the light instruments. The combination of instruments and control lamps also includes a multifunctional display that displays the following information: - a message about the upcoming maintenance (MOT) of the car (the rest of the mileage to the next, the calculated day and month to turn the control lamp); - information of the routry computer (total mileage, average speed, gasoline consumption, etc.);

- Settings menu; - message about faults; - date, current time, outdoor temperature, mileage (shared, daily); - information during diagnostics. Fault messages displayed on a multifunction display are accompanied by sound accompaniment and turning on the control lamp in the instrument combination. Fuel Injection System Consider the device, the principle of operation and the diagnosis of the fuel injection system in FIAT ALBEA cars. These cars use a distributed injection system under the euro-3 toxicity rate.

Fig. 4. Simplified electrical circuit Systems of distributed fuel fuel FIAT ALBEA under the euro-3 toxicity norm model Row 2008.

In fig. 4 shows a simplified electrical diagram of the FIAT ALBEA fuel distributed fuel system under the 2008 models of 2008, with electronic throttle control. The distributed injection system controls the electronic control unit (ECU). It controls the fuel supply, the moment of ignition, the rotation frequency crankshaft In idle mode, the engine cooling system, the air conditioner compressor coupling and generates the necessary signals for the route computer. In addition, the ECU provides the necessary ratio of the air-fuel mixture in the engine combustion chamber. The computer also performs information exchange with standard alarm (immobilizer) to prohibit unauthorized, engine start. In the system of distributed fuel injection of the car used sensors that register general characteristics One node, with a further signal of the signal to the ECU. Sensors of different types are used: potentiometric (re-zustiv), electromagnetic, piezoelectric and others. To reduce toxicity exhaust gases In the engine control system, a catalytic neutralizer (catalyst) is installed in the exhaust pipe, it is designed to reduce the content of harmful chemicals in the exhaust gases: carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides.

Fig. 5. Catalyst device and sensor installation location

In fig. 5 shows the catalyst device and the location of the sensor installation. Structurally, it consists of a thin metal case, as a rule, from stainless steel and a ceramic porous grid (honeycomb), the walls of which are coated with platinum group (platinum, palladium, rhodium) metals.

Directly in the receiving pipe in front of the catalytic neutralizer, an oxygen sensor (lambda probe) is installed, and the diagnostic sensor is set after the neutralizer. Using these sensors, the ECU controls the efficiency of the neutralizer and adjusts the parameters of the air-fuel mixture. The operation of the FIAT Albia fuel fuel distributed injection system is largely similar to the operation of the car fuel injection system, the VAZ-11183 family "Lada Kalina" and VAZ-2170 "Lada Priora". The onboard diagnostic system During the operation of the engine, constantly monitors the status and operation of the catalytic neutralizer, with emerging failures or malfunctions, the ECU includes a fault indicator lamp located on instrument shield. Catalytic neutralizer malfunctions can be caused by several reasons: - ignition passage in one or more cylinders due to the mechanical part of the engine, nozzles malfunction, ignition system; - using poor quality fuel. With the normal operation of the entire engine control system, the catalyst has a resource of about 100,000 km of run.

Diagnostics of distributed injection system, finding and troubleshooting Diagnostics of the FIAT ALBEA Fuel Fuel Injection System is performed in the following sequence: - Error codes read from the memory of the computer; - erased from the memory of the ECU error codes; - Check the operation of the engine; - eliminate faults. For diagnostics, you can use a specialized diagnostic portable tester or personal computer equipped with specialized software. The tester or computer connects to the diagnostic connector placed in the relay and fuse box in the car. In fig. 6 shows a general view of a diagnostic device implemented on the basis of a laptop.

Fig. 6. Diagnostic device based on laptop

Check the components of the distributed injection system Verification and identification of malfunctions of the components of the distributed injection system begin with voltage control on the Accord terminals on launched engineIt should be within 13.8 ... 14.2 V. During checking and troubleshooting, you should disable everything. optional equipment (Lighting, the cooling system radiator fan should not work, when the car is configured with air conditioning, it must also be disconnected, automotive built-in music equipment, etc. must be turned off). After that, the fault error codes are read, search and eliminate them. Below are examples of failures and error codes of some components of the car distributed injection system.

Pressure sensor / air temperature (error codes R0105-R0108, R0110-R0113) This combined node consists of a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. It is installed directly in the air flow before the throttle nozzle. A barometric pressure sensor, it measures the difference between atmospheric pressure and pressure in the inlet nozzle. The sensor has a linear characteristic of the dependence of the output voltage (0.4 ... .4.5 c) from the measured pressure (0.025 ....0,100 MPa). ECU according to the sensor readings evaluates the load on the engine and adjusts the ignition advance angle. The air temperature in the inlet pipe registers the temperature sensor. This resistivity sensor, its resistance varies depending on the air temperature - at low temperatures, the sensor has a high resistance. The reading of the air temperature sensor is used to install the ignition torque. Structurally, the temperature sensor is embedded in the pressure sensor housing. In the event of a fault, the barometric part of the ECU sensor sets the standard pressure value.

Coolant temperature sensor (error codes R0115-R0118) This sensor is installed in the cooling system nozzle, the sensor housing is located directly in the coolant flow of the engine. The sensor is a thermistor. ECU calculates the temperature of the voltage drop on the sensor, high level The voltage corresponds to the cold engine, and low - heated. The sensor is checked with an ohmmeter, while the connector from the sensor is turned off. The resistance of the sensor must be in the range of 0.5 ... 1.5 com. Position sensor throttle valve (Error codes R0120-R0123) This potentiometry sensor type, it is installed on the throttle housing and is mechanically connected to the axis of the throttle of the nozzle. The resistance of the sensor varies depending on the opening angle of the throttle valve. The manifestation of the sensor malfunction may be different: unstable work Engine on idling, no increase in engine speed when you press the accelerator pedal, etc. If the throttle position sensor fails, the computer records the error code and automatically sets the nominal engine speed to ensure the movement of the vehicle to the nearest station. Oxygen sensor (error codes R0130-R0135) and diagnostic oxygen sensor (error codes R0136-R0141) The oxygen sensor has an in its composition a sensitive element capable of generating a voltage within 55 ... 980 mV, depending on the oxygen content in the exhaust gases and the temperature of the sensing element. To quickly warm up the sensor sensor element after starting the engine and the output to a specified temperature, the sensor includes a heating element that controls the computer. Nominal working temperature Oxygen sensor is ZOSGS. The catalyst housing is closed by a protective screen made of aluminum alloys, this constructive solution is made to hold heat transfer and fire safety. During the operation of the oxygen sensor, its output voltage varies from low (85 ... 250 mV) to high (680 ... 950 mV). Low level The voltage corresponds to the poor mixture (the presence of oxygen in the exhaust gases), and high levels - rich mixes (Small oxygen content). The output voltage of the diagnostic oxygen sensor in a good neutralizer should be within 600 ... 800 mV. The first signs of the malfunction of the oxygen sensor may be increased fuel consumption and deterioration of the car dynamics, an unstable engine operation is possible at idle. Crankshaft position sensor (error codes Р0335 - Р0344) Electromagnetic type crankshaft position sensor, it is installed on the drive lid distribution Vala At a distance of 1 ± 0.5mm from the top of the crankshaft pulley.

The crankshaft pulley has 58 keys located around the circle. When rotating the crankshaft, the disk teeth change the magnetic field of the sensor, creating pulses that are not applied to the ECU. The sensor failures are often associated with an increase in the gap between the sensor and the vertices of the pulley teeth or with the failure of the sensor itself. Fuel supply system malfunctions The fuel supply system includes an electrical displacement, fuel rail assembly with four nozzles, fuel pressure regulator, fuel filter. The operation of the electrical space and nozzles manages the ECU. Entry of turbine type, it contains a fuel level sensor. Error code Top Livopodachi system R0185-R0193. The ramp of the nozzles is a hollow bar with nozzles and pressure regulator installed on it. The nozzles are mounted one side in the ramp, and the other in the opening of the ink tube, the tightness of the compounds is provided by sealing rings. The design of the nozzle is solenoid valvedriven by a signal with the ECU. Through this valve under pressure, fuel in the inlet tube is injected. The error code of the operation of the P0200-P0214 nozzles.

During the diagnosis of the fuel-feed system, it is necessary to check the integrity of the fuses No. 4 and 6 placed in the relay and fuses of the engine compartment.

Literature 1. A. Tunin. "Diagnostics of electronic engine control systems passenger cars"," Solon-Press ", 2007 2. N. Pchelins. "The operation of an electronic throttle module for the engine control systems" Euro-3 "and" Euro-4 "," Repair and Service ", 2009, No. 8, p. 46-49. 3. N. Pchelins. "Diagnostics of the engine control system of VAZ-11183" Lada Kalina "and VAZ-2170" Lada Priora "." Repair and Service, 2008, No. 2, p. 43-48.

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FIAT ALBEA. Starting engine from external sources

If the engine fails because of partial or full discharge Rechargeable battery, then you can use the battery of another car to start. To connect a donor battery, use special connecting cables with crocodile clamps.

When starting the engine from an additional battery, thoroughly follow the sequence of work outlined in this subsection.

Otherwise, ignition or explosion may occur, which will damage both cars. Therefore, so that when starting the engine from an external source, do not harm yourself, car and battery, do this below. If you have any doubts, it is strongly recommended to entrust these operations to the experienced specialist or towing service. Before connecting an external battery, make sure that the ignition is turned off. Turn off all the consumers of electricity (headlights, audio, wipers, etc.). When connecting and disconnecting the wires, do not allow their mutual touch, as well as contact the wires with fans, drive belts or other rotating items.

Use only a 12-volt external power system. If you feed 24-volt feeds (two 12-volt batteries, connected in series, or a 24-volt motor generator unit) on a 12-volt starter, ignition system and other parts of electrical equipment, then this may lead to incorrigible damage to the latter.

Do not allow open fire or sparks near the battery. It highlights gaseous hydrogen, which can explode in their presence.

Do not disconnect the wires of the outer battery until the engine starts to work on normal idling turnover. If during the start of the engine from an additional battery you left the audio system included, it can be seriously damaged. Always turn off the audio system before starting the engine from the battery of another car.

1. Install the car with a discharged battery next to the donor car within reach of the connecting cables.

A warning

Cars in no case should contact. Otherwise, an undesirable closure on the "mass" can occur, as a result of which you cannot start the engine of the car with a discharged battery, and the electrical systems of both cars can be damaged.

2. Cheat both car parking brake.

3. Check the electrolyte level in the discharged battery

If the electrolyte level is strongly reduced or the electrolyte looks frozen, do not try to start the engine from an additional battery! In this case, an explosion of a discharged rechargeable battery is possible.

4. Flip the lid from the plus terminal of the battery.

5. Connect the clip cable clamp with red knobs to the plus terminal batteries.

6. The second cable clamp with red handles to attach to the "Plus" terminal of the donor battery.

7. Attach the second cable clamp to the "minus" terminal of the donor battery

8. And the second cable clamp with black handles is to the "mass" of a car with a discharged battery in a place located at the maximum distance from the battery.

NOTE
The requirement of connecting the wire at the maximum distance from the battery is explained by the possibility of sparking at the time of joining.

9. Make sure you attach cables in the correct sequence and they are not in contact with movable engine parts.
10. When using the battery installed on the Donor car, let the engine of this car and let it work for a few minutes with a speed of 2000 minutes

11. Let the engine of the car with a discharged battery and let it work until stable no-stroke revolutions.

12. Disconnect the cables in the order, strictly reverse the order of their attachment.

A system of distributed fuel injection with feedback is applied. The distributed injection is called because the fuel is injected into each cylinder with a separate nozzle. The fuel injection system reduces the toxicity of exhaust gases while improving challenges car.
This section also briefly describes the malfunction of the injection system caused by the refusal of certain sensors. The procedure for removing and installing nodes of power supply and motor control is given in the "Power System" and "Engine Management System" subsections.
In the feedback injection system, the catalytic exhaust gas concentration is established and the oxygen concentration sensor in the exhaust gases, which provides feedback. The sensor monitors the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gases, and the electronic control unit according to its signals supports such a ratio of air and fuel, at which the neutralizer works most efficiently.

Before removing any fuel injection nodes, disconnect the wire from the "minus" battery terminal.
Disconnect the battery only when the ignition is turned off.
Do not let the engine if the wire tips on the battery are poorly tightened.
Never disconnect the battery from the on-board network of the car when the engine is running.
When charging, disconnect the battery from the on-board network of the car, since the increased current when charging can output electronic components.
Do not allow heating electronic block Control (ECU) above 65 ° C in working condition and above 80 ° C in non-working (for example, in a drying chamber). It is necessary to remove the ECU from the car if this temperature is exceeded.
Do not disconnect from the computer and do not join the connectors of the wiring harness when the ignition is turned on.
Before performing electric arc welding on the car, disconnect the wires from the battery and the wire connectors from the computer.
All voltage measurements perform a digital voltmeter, the internal resistance of which is at least 10ms. Electronic nodes used in the injection system are designed for very small voltage, so they can easily damage the electrostatic discharge. In order to prevent damage to the ECU with an electrostatic discharge:
- Do not touch your hands to the ECU plugs or electronic components at its boards;
- When working with a programmable constant storage device (PPZ), the control unit does not touch the microcircuit terminals.
It is not allowed to work on the eaten gasoline of the engine with the neutralizer - this will lead to a rapid failure of the neutralizer and the oxygen concentration sensor.
When working in rainy weather, do not allow water to enter the electronic components of the fuel injection system.

The overwhelming majority of fuel injection system are caused by the failure of the following sensors:

Full failure of the injection system, the engine is not started;


- - reduction of power, increase in fuel consumption;


- - increase the fuel consumption, significant deterioration in the dynamics, problems with the start of the engine;


- - loss of power, jerks and dips during acceleration, unstable operation in idle mode;


- (installed on the back end of the cylinder block under the bracket of the electronic unit of the engine control system, taken for clarity) - Difficulties with starting in frost: you have to warm the engine, maintaining the speed of the accelerator pedal, with overheating, the power is significantly reduced, detonation appears;


- - increase the fuel consumption and the level of exhaust toxicity of exhaust gases;


- - when the valve fails, a significant deterioration in the dynamics and "swimming" the speed of rotation of the crankshaft in idle mode, up to the full stop of the engine;


- - Increase the fuel consumption, reduced engine power, unstable work at idle. Possible damage to the catalytic neutralizer of exhaust gases;


- (installed with right side The cylinder block in the region of the 2nd and 3rd cylinders) - the engine is very sensitive to the quality of gasoline, an increased tendency to detonation;


- (installed on the gearbox crankcase) - it is possible to deteriorate the dynamic quality of the car and an increase in fuel consumption.