Firefighting tankers come out based on a wide variety of production vehicles... On their platform on the conveyor of special enterprises, special equipment is installed and necessary tools... However, the most widespread in Russia was the chassis of the hero of our story - the ZIL truck.

Advantages of the fireman ZIL

So, why is it ZIL that is responsible for providing in fire brigades:

• The car is very unpretentious both in operation and maintenance.
• The machine can be used in a wide variety of weather and climatic conditions.
• The ZIL firefighter is a very maneuverable vehicle, which helps to put it in a place convenient for extinguishing.
• If we compare it with other cars of this class, then we can immediately note the compactness of the ZIL. Why the car can drive in even in relatively narrow spaces.
• Unpretentiousness to the type and quality of the fuel to be poured. Both gasoline and diesel variations are available, which can be replaced with gas equipment. The latter implies great savings on the maintenance of this official transport.
• Spare parts, like the repair of this car, are relatively insignificant waste. Moreover, repairing ZIL does not require contacting specialized service centres- in most cases, a full-time team of auto mechanics also copes with it.
• A reasonable combination of cost and quality, which cannot be said about many other fire engines.
• Sophisticated chassis design adapted to real-world operation.

Average technical characteristics

The most popular ZIL fire trucks are the following models:

• 2,5/40;
• 3/40;
• 3,5/40;
• 4/40.

Let's take a closer look at the technical characteristics of special vehicles in the table. For example, we will use the classics of the ZIL-130 (firefighter) model range - A-40 (131).

Total information
Platform type	ZIL-131
Length Width Height	7.64 / 2.5 / 2.95 m
Weight	11 t
Highest speed	80 km / h
Crew	7 people
Wheel formula	6x6
Total weight distribution
Front axle / rear bogie	2.98 / 8.17 t
Carriage barrel
Model name	PLS-P20
Waste of water	19 liters per second
Multiplicity of foam at the exit from the fire monitor	6
Capacity
Foaming agent tank	170 l
Water tanks	2.4 t
Alert
Siren	Electric or gas
Foam mixer
Variety	Water jet ejector
Foam performance level at a factor of ten	4.7; 9.4; 14.1; 18.8; 23.5 m 3 / min.
Suction device
Type of	Air or gas jet ejector
Highest suction lift	7 m
Time interval for filling the pump with water (provided: suction height - 7 m, length / diameter of the suction arm - 8 m / 125 mm)	55 seconds - for the ejector, 30 seconds - for vacuum jet pump
Fire pump
Model variation	PN-40UV
Type of	Single stage centrifugal
Pressure	100 m
Innings	40 l / sec.
Rotation frequency	2700 rpm
Maximum / reference suction lift	7 / 3.5 m

Now let's talk specifically about model lines firefighters ZIL.

Model 130

The most common model of this fire fighting equipment is ZIL 130. More than 10 variants of the car were produced, the most popular of which was ZIL 130 AC 40 - 63B.

Let's look at distinctive features this model range:

Model 131

Developed in 1968, this series was also quite popular - it was produced in 1970-1984. There were two versions - 137 and 137A.

Let's go through the features:

• The volume of the water tank is 2.4 tons.
• Foam tank - 150 l.
• Engine - 150 HP
• Fuel consumption - 40 l / 100 km.
• Unique system of water heating by means of exhaust gases.
• Manual fire monitor control. Water jet range - 60 m, foam - 50 m.
• Fire monitor rotation - +90 ... -20 degrees vertically.

A red and white ZIL firefighter rushing to a call or returning to the garage, probably, was seen by each of us. As we have seen from the technical characteristics and the identified number of advantages of this machine, it will remain in the service of the Russian fire brigades for a long time to come - because of its versatility, unpretentiousness and full compliance with the conditions of the work performed.

The means of the technical service include fire fighting equipment, which includes fire engines, fire fighting equipment (PTV), as well as communications, lighting and other fire equipment. The main type of fire fighting equipment is fire trucks (PA).

Depending on the purpose, fire trucks are divided into main, special and auxiliary

Basic fire trucks are designed to supply fire extinguishing agents to the combustion zone and are subdivided into general-purpose vehicles (for extinguishing fires in cities and towns) and targeted-use vehicles: aerodrome, air-foam extinguishing, powder extinguishing, gas extinguishing, combined extinguishing, first aid vehicles.

Special firefighters cars are designed to ensure the performance of special work in the event of a fire. The list of special works is given in the Combat Regulations of the Fire Department.

TO auxiliary fire trucks include: refuellers, mobile auto repair shops, diagnostic laboratories, buses, cars, operational service, trucks, as well as other specialized vehicles.

1 SPECIAL

AKP - 30 / kamaz /

Firefighters articulated lifts are designed to lift firefighters to the upper floors of buildings and structures, to rescue people from the upper floors of burning buildings.

Units armed with articulated lifts, in cooperation with units on the main fire trucks, provide the supply of fire extinguishing agents and their input to extinguish fires in the upper floors, rescue operations from the upper floors and evacuation of property, the operation of a fire monitor fixed in the basket of a car lift, which is controlled from ground, as well as for feeding medium expansion foam to a height.

AKP - 30

Chassis type - KamAZ

Overall dimensions, mm:

Length - 14300

Width - 2500

Height - 3600

Maximum speed - 100 km / h

Elevation angle - 90 degrees.

Lifting height - 30 m

Carrycot carrying capacity - 350 kg

Width between extreme support points - 5.5 m

AUTO LADDER AL - 53 / Mercedes /

Swivel staircase DL 53 K / F is a lifting platform rescue vehicle primarily used for rescuing people, fighting fires and providing technical support.

The achievable rescue height is approximately 53 meters.

Configuration ladder DL 53

1. Ladder;

2. strengthening;

3. Walking mechanism;

The chassis is a chassis with a front steering type Mercedes Benz... The engine provides movement of the vehicle and the movement of special devices.

The driver's cab and crew compartment provides space for the driver, assistant driver and crew of up to 4 people. There are two doors.

The working platform consists of a rustproof, non-slip rigid aluminum cover, and the outer casing is made of sheet steel. Folding Ladder - The ladder is installed at the rear of the platform on the left. The working bodies of the fire pump are located on the platform on the left. Access to the left and right storage compartments is via built-in blinds.

The running gear is connected to the running gear base and the vehicle chassis by means of a gear wheel. It provides 360-degree rotation of the chassis connection and ladder assembly. The drive is carried out by means of a hydraulically controlled trolley.

The control panel is located on the outer left side of the chassis and consists of a control panel and an operator's seat.

The ladder consists of 6 sections, 5 of which can be telescopically extended and retracted. The bottom section of the ladder pivots on the ladder attachment axis. Staircase sections are made of closed steel hollow square profiles, and the lower chords are made of special bent profiles.

The operation of the swing ladder in general consists of the following functions:

Rise / Tilt;

Rotation;

Extension / cleaning;

Leveling on the ground

From ground level, the stairs can be lifted up to a maximum of 75 degrees.

The ladder can be lowered to a maximum of minus 12 degrees below floor level

The swing ladder can rotate 360 ​​degrees continuously if it is raised approximately 30 cm at an angle of 7 degrees from the resting position.

The ladder extends and retracts using 4 hydraulic cylinders.

To ensure optimal ladder performance when making calls, the following instructions must be followed:

1. Temperature the environment in the garage, the stairs must be at least + 5 ° C;

2. Carry out maintenance and repairs at intervals determined by the manufacturer;

3. check accessories and spare parts for completeness and correct storage;

4. Follow the manufacturer's instructions;

5. Every time before leaving, make sure that the ladder is completely retracted, securely fixed to the support and the ladder lock is closed.

Choosing a site for installing a ladder:

1. Place the car on the selected site as close as possible to the object on which the ladder will be used / the distance should not be less than 9 meters;

2. Check the hardness of the ground and unevenness of the site, paying attention to:

The rear wheels of the vehicle or the hydraulic cylinders of the support system should not be located on soft ground, closed hatches or hydrant covers.

The lateral slope of the swing ladder on uneven ground should not exceed 7 degrees.

Climbing stairs

The following precautions should be observed when climbing stairs:

Before completing the ladder maneuvers, set the sections so that the sections are axially aligned;

The ladder commander must ensure that the ladder is in the correct upright position; a tilted ladder raised more than 40 degrees cannot be climbed when the ladder is unloaded .;

You cannot climb the stairs until the maneuvers are completed;

The operator should always be on the ladder control panel while climbing the ladder, it is necessary to constantly monitor the load indicator and the support system .;

at night, the site must be lit

Everyone climbing the stairs must be familiar with the working and safety devices of the stairs and must have a safety belt;

You need to climb the stairs with even steps and not too quickly;

In rescue operations, the person being rescued must either be tied to the top of the ladder with a rope or the rescuer descends the ladder in front of the person being rescued;

When maneuvering a ladder, there should be no people on the ladder.

EMERGENCY _ RESCUE CAR

Technical characteristics of ASA

Chassis UAZ 452

Number of seats 3;

Speed, km / h 95;

1.Hydraulic tool set

LUKAS:

Power plant "Bosh" - 1;

Hydraulic pump with electric drive - 1;

Manual hydraulic pump - 1;

Hydraulic cylinder LSR - 1;

Wound retractor LSR - 1;

Cutting device LS - 1;

Hydraulic hoses - 2;

Galagen searchlights - 2;

2. A set of hydraulic tools "Ekont":

Pumping station NS "HONDA" - 1;

Manual hydraulic pump H - 80;

Expander - scissors with a nozzle for opening steel doors - 1;

Hydraulic cylinder TsS –2 - 1;

Set of accessories for the hydraulic cylinder

A) axis - 2;

B) clamp - 1;

B) hook - 2;

D) earring - 2;

E) chains –2;

E) the manager - 1;

Hydraulic hoses - - 4;

3. Radio station "MOTOROLA"

4. Signal - loud-speaking installation SGU - 80, Elect - 1;

5. Cable reel - 1;

6.Cutter - 1.

AUTO LADDER AL - 30 / ZIL 131 /

The fire ladder is designed to lift firefighters to the upper floors of buildings and structures, to rescue people from the upper floors of burning buildings.

Units, armed with ladders, in cooperation with units on the main fire trucks, provide the supply of fire extinguishing agents and their introduction to extinguish fires in the upper floors, carry out rescue operations from the upper floors and evacuate property.

AL - model L22)

Chassis type - ZIL - 131

Overall dimensions, mm:

Length - 9800

Width - 2500

Height - 3160

Weight at full load, kg - 10500

The smallest turning radius, m - 10.2

Maximum speed. km / h - 80

Engine power. kW (hp) -

Fuel consumption per 100 km. l - 40

Cruising in store for fuel, km - 400

Capacity fuel tank, l - 170

Length of fully extended ladder, m: without additional knee - 30.2

with an additional knee - 32.2

The maximum angle of rotation of the knees - unlimited

Time to perform ladder maneuvers, s:

Raising the knees 75 - 30

Full Knee Extension - 30

Turning the knees to the right 90 - 15

Lifting capacity of the elevator, kg - 180

CAR OF COMMUNICATION AND LIGHTING / ASO - 8 /

Fire fighting vehicles of communication and lighting are designed to illuminate the place of work of fire departments on fires and to provide communication of control and information. They deliver to the fire site a combat crew and a set of special equipment to provide communication and lighting at the fire site.

Units armed with a communication and lighting vehicle can provide control communication using portable radios, a loudspeaker installation, telephone communication, information communication using car radio stations and a telephone connected to the automatic telephone exchange, as well as lighting of four to six combat positions during the work of fire extinguishing units. This vehicle can be used as a power plant providing electricity to lighting, communication and power tools. Electricity is supplied from a generator installed directly on the car, or from the city power grid. A fire extinguishing headquarters is usually located near the communication and lighting vehicle.

ASO - 8 (66)

Chassis - GAZ - 66-01

The number of combat crew places - 5

Overall dimensions, mm:

Length - 5655

Width - 2322

Height -2880

Weight, kg 5780

Maximum speed, km / h - 85

Control fuel consumption, l - 24

Cruising in store for fuel, km - 870

Generator:

Brand - ECC5 - 62 - 42 - M - 101

Voltage, V - 230

Power, kW - 8

Stationary floodlight:

Type - PKN - 1500

Voltage, V - 220

Power, V - 1500

Incandescent lamp - KN - 220 - 1500

Portable floodlight:

PKN brand - 1500

Voltage, V - 220

Power, V - 1500

Number, pcs - 4

Trunk cable

Means of communication:

Stationary radios

Radius - 40 km

Portable –6 pcs.

The installation is loudspeaker.

AUTO LADDER AL - 30 / PM 512 /

The fire ladder is designed to lift firefighters to the upper floors of buildings and structures, to rescue people from the upper floors of burning buildings.

Units, armed with ladders, in cooperation with units on the main fire trucks, provide the supply of fire extinguishing agents and their introduction to extinguish fires in the upper floors, carry out rescue operations from the upper floors and evacuate property.

AL - 30 PM 512

Chassis type - Kamaz

The height of the fully extended ladder at an angle of 75 is not less than 30 m;

Working load on the top of a non-leaning ladder: 18 m - 350 kgf; 24m - 100 kgf;

Carrying capacity of the ladder / crane / - angle 30 - 75 0 - 2000 kg;

Working range from –7 to + 75;

The angle of rotation is not less than 360 0;

Vehicle width - 2500 mm;

Vehicle height - 3800 mm;

Length in vehicle - 11000 mm;

Chassis type - all-wheel drive;

The number of places for a combat crew - 3 hours;

Maximum speed - 70 km / h;

Average service life - 11 years

AR - sleeve car, ASh - command car, ATCO - vehicle and communications.

2. BASIC.

AERODROME CAR / AA /

Fire-fighting aerodrome vehicles are designed to provide fire-fighting and rescue services at the start strip of the airfield, extinguish fires in airplanes and helicopters, work to evacuate passengers and crew members from aircraft that have suffered an accident, as well as to extinguish fires at facilities in the airport area. The vehicles are used to deliver a combat crew, fire fighting equipment to the crash site of an aircraft or helicopter, and to supply water, high-pressure fuel, high-performance fire-extinguishing powders, freons and liquid bromoethyl compounds to the fire site. Aerodrome cars are equipped with PDS-400 petrol-powered circular saws designed for opening aircraft fuselages. For extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces, aircraft compartments, cockpits, engine compartment, as well as at electrical installations under voltage, vehicles are equipped with SZhB fire extinguishing installations and powder fire extinguishers.

Tactico - technical characteristics of AA - 60

FIRE TANK VEHICLE AC - 2,5 - 40 / ZIL -131 /

Currently, fire departments are equipped with modern means rescue people and extinguish fires, which enable them to perform tasks in the most difficult conditions situations on fires.

The department, armed with a tanker truck, an auto-pump or a pump-and-hose vehicle, is the primary tactical unit of the fire department, capable of independently performing individual tasks of extinguishing a fire, rescuing people, protecting and evacuating material values.

The main tactical unit of the fire brigade is the guard, consisting of two or more departments on the main fire trucks. Depending on the specifics of the protected area or object, the guards can be reinforced by one or more departments on special or auxiliary fire engines.

Fire-fighting tanker AC - 2.5 - PM - 548 A.

Gross weight - 10280 kg;

Cabin type - double;

Chassis type - all-wheel drive;

Engine power - 110 (150) kW (hp);

Number of seats - 6;

Pump productivity - 40 l / s;

Basic chassis - ZIL - 433440;

The highest suction height - 7.5 m;

Maximum speed - 80 km / h;

Length - 7000 mm;

Width 2500 mm;

Height 2800 mm;

Tank capacity - 2500 l;

Foam tank capacity - 200 l;

Full service life - 10 years

TANK VEHICLE AC - 5-40 / KAMAZ /

Fire truck ATs - 5 - 40 PM 524

Weight - 15,600 kg;

Number of seats - 7;

Suction height - 7.5 m;

Length - 8500; Width - 2500; height 3100 mm;

Tank capacity 5000 l;

Foam tank capacity 400 l;

Service life - 10 years.

TANK VEHICLE AC - 7-40 / KAMAZ /

Fire tank truck AC - 7 - 40 PM 524

Weight - 18255 kg;

Number of seats - 7;

PN head - 100 m; productivity - 40 l / s;

Suction height - 7.5 m;

Maximum travel speed - 80 km / h;

Length - 8500; Width - 2500; height 3400 mm;

Tank capacity 7000 l;

Foam tank capacity 700 l;

Service life - 10 years.

АНР - pump and hose car. PNS - foam pumping station, AGVT - gas-water extinguishing vehicle, AB - foam extinguishing,

Firefighter ZIL is considered the most common and efficient car in the domestic fleets of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. He moves quickly, transports specialized devices needed to extinguish fires. Compared to other brands of fast-response trucks, the car on the ZIL chassis is unpretentious in maintenance, convenient in operation, adapted to different conditions, is characterized by good maneuverability and maneuverability in difficult areas with a relative minimum of space.

Design

The fire engine device includes the ZIL chassis and fire superstructures with the following equipment:

• a saloon for a combat crew;
• pumps;
• car ladders;
• tanks for extinguishing materials;
• compartments for fire-fighting equipment (PTV).

A tank for liquid is attached to the platform in the lodgements, and the body is attached to the bracket consoles. The one-piece metal cockpit provides 7 seats for the fighters and the driver. A fire pump is installed on the subframe behind the tank. The mechanism is driven by cardan shafts from the PTO on the gearbox.

The fire fighting system consists of a pump, a manifold, a foam mixer and pressure valves. There is a foam tank in the compartment. The tank truck is equipped with an additional electrical equipment for lighting and signaling.

ZIL-130

Most often, the ATs-40-63B tanker truck, based on the ZIL-130, is a modernized version of the ATs-30 (130) -63A. Compared to the previous model, the capacity of the tank and the foam tank increased, the body became wider, decorative linings on the wheel arches were not installed, the pressure pipes are hidden inside and closed with hatches.

During the serial production of tanks, structural changes were constantly introduced. So, at first, the cars had a "low skirt" that formed the wheel arch. Since the end of the 80s, a window has not been installed on the pump compartment door, then the rear wall was straightened and no longer bent.

The design features of the modern fire engine AC-40-63B are as follows:

• 2-row 4-door cab with panoramic windscreen;
• water tank - 2360 liters and a foam tank for 170 liters;
• steel body with compartments for PTV and cases for suction hoses;
• single-level centrifugal pump PN-40UA of rear position or single-stage normal pressure pump НЦПН-40/100;
• fastening for the reel of sleeves RK-4A.

To increase the cross-country ability, arched tires are installed on the drive axle of the machine, and a winch is installed on the bumper.

ZIL-131

AC-40 (131) -137 has the following design:

• improved 2-row 4-door cab with large rectangular windows in the doors;
• the presence of an installation for heating water in the tank with exhaust gases;
• petrol carburetor engine A-76;
• centrifugal single-stage fire pump PN-40UV;
• water-jet ejector type foam mixer PS-5;
• gas jet or air suction mechanism;
• protective bars on windows in case of riots to disperse crowds.

Technical characteristics of the fire truck AC-40-63B:

• Engine power - 110 hp. with.
• The maximum driving speed is 90 km / h.
• The length of the pressure hoses is 348 m.
• Extinguishing area with medium expansion foam - 83 m².
• Pump capacity - 40 l / s.
• Head - 100 m.
• Number of hand barrels - 6 pcs.
• Supply of pressure hoses - 18 pcs.
• Fuel tank - 150 l.
• Fuel consumption per 100 km - 41.5 liters.

Dimensions:

• length - 7680 mm;
• width - 2500 mm;
• height - 2780 mm.

Tactical specifications ( :

Study questions:

Classification of fire trucks by gross weight, cross-country ability and purpose.

Purpose, general structure and tactical and technical characteristics of the main fire fighting vehicles of general use.

Requirements technical regulations on the requirements of fire safety for fire vehicles.

There are main vehicles:

• general purpose
• intended purpose

The main difference is as follows:

• cars common appointments are used to extinguish fires in cities and other settlements.

cars target appointments are used to extinguish fires at industrial and special facilities and enterprises (oil depots, airfields, warehouses).

common destination:

– tank trucks

–car pumps

fire pumping stations

- all first aid vehicles used to extinguish and localize a fire at the initial stage and to carry out emergency rescue operations.

These vehicles are used to deliver crews, fire extinguishing agents, rescue equipment, fire extinguishing equipment to the fire site, conduct basic firefighting operations, rescue people and material values.

Primary fire fighting vehicles target destination:

- airfield fire trucks

- Fire-fighting vehicles of air-foam extinguishing

To manage all firefighting, command vehicles are used:

Classification of fire trucks depending on the value of the permissible total weight:

• lungs with full weight from 2000 to 7500 kg (L-class);
• medium ones with a total weight of 7500 to 14000 kg (M-class);
• heavy with a gross weight over 14,000 kg (S-class).

lightweight with a gross weight of 2000 to 7500 kg (L-class)

medium ones with a total weight of 7500 to 14000 kg (M-class);

heavy with gross weight over 14000 kg

Airfield firefighting vehicles S-class

Classification of fire trucks depending on the passability:

• category 1 - non-four-wheel drive vehicles for paved roads (normal cross-country ability);
• category 2 - all-wheel drive for movement on roads of all types and rough terrain (off-road);
• category 3 - off-road off-road vehicles for rough terrain ( high cross-country ability).

2. Purpose, general structure and tactical and technical characteristics of the main fire fighting vehicles of general use.

AC are intended:

For delivery to the place of fire of personnel, fire-technical equipment, stock of fire extinguishing agents;

Supply of water, air-mechanical foam or wetting agent solution (both with installation on a water source and without installation on a water source) to the fire site;

• -use as an intermediate tank for pumping;
• - water supply.

General devicetank trucks

1. Engine with a modified exhaust system.
2. Chassis.
3. Driver's and crew's cab.
4. Special body with compartments.
5. Tanks for water and foaming agent.
6. Fire pump with foam mixer.
7. Vacuum system (change in the exhaust system of the base car).
8. Additional transmission to the fire pump (changes in the power train of the base car)
9. Additional cooling system.
10. Additional heating system (change in the exhaust system of the base vehicle).
11. Dual clutch and gas control from the pump room.
12. Additional electrical equipment.

To perform the main functions, the fire superstructures of the AC include:

• water tanks
• foaming agent tanks
• fire pumps with transmissions to them
• water-foam communications
• mechanisms control drives

Water tank

Foam tank is mainly located in the rear compartment

The foam tank is equipped with a hatch allowing maintenance

It is accessed through the filler neck.

Fire pumps

- Installed in closed compartments of fire trucks, in which a positive temperature is provided during operation.

Water-filled communications of fire engines, especially on old cars, as a rule, wear out at one point, therefore, most often it requires complete renovation with replacement. Vodopennoe equipment - this is a complex system, it must be done in aggregate, but a detailed replacement of individual parts is also possible.

Mechanism control drives

For inspection and maintenance, tanks must have:

• - hatches with a diameter of more than 450 mm;

Breakwaters should be installed inside the tanks to damp fluid vibrations;

tanks should be adapted for filling with water by an AC pump or another pump;

• cisterns require devices to prevent the creation of excess pressure when filling them.

1 - Ural car chassis; 2 - fire monitor barrel;

3 - tank; 4 - compartment for placement of anti-tank weapons;

5 - pump compartment; 6 - pumping unit

Along with the AC, hose-pumping vehicles were the most common type of fire trucks, however, in recent decades, various reasons, their popularity in the fire department, and as a consequence, their prevalence has decreased markedly. Today, even in large cities, it is difficult to find fire trucks of this type in service with units.

AHP are intended:

for delivery to the place of fire of personnel, fire-technical equipment, a stock of foam concentrate and fire hoses

• supplying water and high-pressure fuel to the fire site with installation on a water source.

The general structure of the AHR (features of the AHR device as opposed to the ATS):

1. Lack of a water tank.
2. Wider set of PTV.
3. More places for combat crew.
4. Increased volume of the foam concentrate tank.

Fire pumps, additional cooling system, vacuum system, power take-off and gas-jet vacuum apparatus are similar to those installed on fire stations.

Fire pumping stations

PNS are intended:

• water intake from open water sources

supplying water or a solution of a foaming agent to the monitors or to the place of fire to create a reserve supply of water

General device

1. The base chassis of the ZIL-131 cross-country vehicle. The chassis is lengthened by 500 mm. The air pressure in the wheels of the tires is regulated.
2. The body of PNS-110 (131) -131 consists of parts of the plumage and the body itself, located behind the driver's cab - all-metal.
3. Under the hood of the body, on a special podmotoronoy frame fixed to the chassis frame, there is a 2D12B engine with a clutch to turn off the pump. Clutch with pneumatic control from brake system ZIL-131 (backup - mechanical® lever). The engine is connected to the pump by a cardan shaft.
4. Fire pump PN-110 (mounted on the rear of the frame).
5. Vacuum system.
6. To facilitate lifting and lowering the suction line into the reservoir, there is a device consisting of: - a hand winch; - a pipe; - guy wires.

7.Additional electrical equipment

8 Fire fighting equipment:

PNS (130) PM-2D12B
CHASSIS BRAND	ZIL-130 (6x6)
	3
MAXIMUM WORKING HEIGHT., M	30
MAXIMUM OPERATING DEPARTURE, M	16
LOADING CAPACITY OF NOT LEANING LADDER, KG	160
Gross weight, kg	1000080
OVERALL DIMENSIONS, MM	10100x2500x3200
SERVICE LIFE, YEARS	11

First aid vehicles

APP are intended:

• for delivery to the place of fire of a combat crew
• fire-fighting equipment
• rescue tool and other special equipment

carrying out emergency rescue operations and extinguishing a fire before the main forces and assets approach

First Aid Vehicle Device:

1. chassis;
2. bodies with compartments for PTV;
3. retractable cassette;
4. water tank;
5. heating installation;
6. telescopic mast;
7. additional electrical equipment
8. . a set of rescue fire-fighting equipment.

TACTICAL - TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
CHASSIS BRAND	GAZ-33023 (4 × 2)
NUMBER OF PLACES FOR COMBAT CALCULATION, PIECES	5
WATER TANK CAPACITY, m3	0,5
MOTOR PUMP BRAND	THERE IS NO DATA
HEAD, M	400
TOTAL WEIGHT, KG MAX SPEED	3500100
OVERALL DIMENSIONS, MM	5550x2000x2700
SERVICE LIFE, YEARS	THERE IS NO DATA

Requirements of technical regulations on fire safety requirements for fire trucks.

Requirements for the design, technical characteristics and other parameters of fire trucks are established regulatory documents on fire safety.

Types of fire trucks chassis:

• Wheeled
• Caterpillar

The device of fire engines (placement of units, control systems, fire-fighting equipment, combat crew, etc.) should ensure the safety of performing tactical tasks when extinguishing a fire, as well as safety while driving, when maintenance and repair.

The layout and attachment points of fire-technical weapons should ensure the reliability of its fixation, the efficiency of combat deployment, convenience and safety during removal and installation.

A special sound signal is generated by an alarm device (siren). Nowadays, electrical sound signals of direct current with a nominal voltage of 12 and 24 V.

The special sound signal has a changing fundamental sound frequency. The cycle time for its change is from 0.5 to 6 seconds.

created by means of beacons of blue color... The signal beacon is installed on the roof of the PA or above it in such a way that a special light signal is introduced at an angle of 360 degrees in the horizontal plane passing through the center of the light emitting source. For PA built on chassis trucks it is allowed to reduce the angle of visibility of the signal beacon to 180 degrees, but so that the beacon is not covered from the front of the PA. If necessary, it is allowed to install two flashing beacons on the PA. If, when placing the beacon on the roof of the car, the fastening elements are located on the inside of the cab, then the possibility of injury to personnel by the fastening parts should be excluded.

The design of the driver's cabin and the combat crew's cabin must ensure that the air temperature inside the cabin and in the cabin is maintained at the level of the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation for specific types of fire engines.

The exhaust of exhaust gases should not be directed towards the location of the pump controls, ladder.

Specific numerical values ​​of sound pressure levels in octave bands at the driver's workplace and in the cabin of a fire fighting crew or sound power levels in octave bands created by other fire fighting equipment should be established in the standards or technical conditions for fire fighting equipment of a specific type.

Specific numerical values ​​of vibration characteristics in the form of VX-1 - for the driver and in the cabin of the combat crew of a fire engine, or in the form of VX-2 - for other fire equipment that does not have built-in workplaces, should be established in the standards or technical conditions for fire equipment of a particular type ...

A standard applicable to a particular machine type can be a vibration test code and, in addition, include the following sections (clauses):

1. methods for reducing machine vibrations (using an optimal machine design or using protective devices), indicating the effectiveness of the method and the procedure for confirming this effectiveness;
2. personal protection equipment against vibration, which can be used when working with the machine;
3. requirements for the provision of information related to vibration safety of the machine in operating documents.

The temperature of the surfaces of the operating units (mechanisms) inside the driver's cab and the combat crew's cabin, exposed to heating and accessible to touch, should not exceed 45 ° C.

The doors of the driver's cab and the passenger compartment, as well as the doors of the compartments of the body of fire engines, must be equipped with automatically locking locks, securely held closed and fixed in open positions. Doors must be equipped with a device that sends a signal to the driver's cab instrument panel to open them. Doors that open upwards must be fixed at a height for easy and safe service.

Access to equipment, tools and control panels located on the roofs of bodies or platforms of fire engines must be safe. The roofs and platforms of such machines must have a flooring with a surface that prevents slipping, and the height of the side railing at the roofs of the bodies is not less than 100 mm.

Fire trucks must be equipped with ladders or steps if the height of the cab or platform floor is more than 400 mm from the ground. In technically justified cases, the height of the step or the first step of the ladder can be up to 700 mm. Ladders or steps are not required on tracked vehicles. The rungs of the stairs and the footrest must have a surface to ensure a stable foot. The width of the step must be at least 150, the depth must be at least 125 mm. The distance between the steps should be no more than 400 mm. If there are two or more steps, handrails or brackets should be installed. Fire trucks mounted on a tracked chassis must have a corrugated platform over the entire width of the door openings of the cab, covering the entire track.

The controls at the workplace must be installed so that their handles, in any position of the lever, are within the reach of the operator, taking into account his safety. After the termination of the impact on the controls, which are not fixed in the working position, they should automatically return to the neutral position. Controls should be arranged taking into account the order of manual operations established for a specific type of fire engine, exclude unnecessary operator movements. The size and shape of the controls, the permissible impact forces and their placement in the operator's work area must meet ergonomic requirements.

The design of pneumatic and hydraulic systems, as well as the working bodies of fire engines in case of damage, must be safe during maintenance.

Pneumatic drive system

1,2 – fire monitor control cylinder; 3 – clutch control cylinder; 4 – valve Du-32; 5 - valve Du-90; 6 – valve Du-125; 7 - valve Du-150; 8 – valve Du-50; 9 – electrically controlled distributor; 10 – valve limiter;

11 – air balloon; 12 – compressor; 13 - filter; 14 – pressure regulator; 15 – pressure gauge; 16 , 17 – pneumatic valves with electrical control; 18 – throttle with check valve; 19 – niev muffler

Fire trucks must be equipped with first aid and safety equipment in accordance with the "Rules road traffic", As well as personal protective equipment against electric shock.

Rules for the maintenance and service of fire fighting equipment.

• 1. Fire trucks should be kept in fire stations or boxes specially designed for these purposes, which must have heating, power supply, telephone communications, hard floors, insulated gates, other devices and equipment necessary to ensure normal and safe working conditions for fire brigade personnel. protection.
• 2. It is not allowed to remove fire-fighting equipment from fire-fighting vehicles and use fire-fighting equipment for other purposes.

• 3. Fire trucks and motor pumps, adapted and re-equipped equipment for extinguishing fires must be equipped with fire-technical equipment, filled with fuel, extinguishing agents and be in good condition. The procedure for attracting equipment for extinguishing fires is determined by the departure schedule and the plan for attracting forces and means to extinguish fires, approved by the local government.

• 4. For each equipment adapted (converted) for the purpose of fire extinguishing, a minder (driver) who has undergone special training must be assigned. The enterprise should work out the procedure for the delivery of fire-fighting motor pumps to the place of fire.
• 5. Premises, buildings and structures must be provided with primary fire extinguishing means.
• 6. Primary fire extinguishing equipment should be kept in accordance with the passport data on them and taking into account the provisions. The use of fire extinguishing equipment that does not have appropriate certificates is not allowed.

AC - 4 - 131

Tank truck with a capacity of 4 cubic meters. on the chassis of the ZIL-131 car.
The tank was accepted for supply in 1971.

PURPOSE:
Designed for transportation and temporary storage of liquids.

PRODUCTION:
Produced by the Reutov Construction Equipment Plant

MODIFICATIONS:
AC-4-131M

DESCRIPTION:

The ATs-4,0-131 tank truck is made on the chassis of the ZIL-131 vehicle.
Special equipment of a tank car includes: a tank, a control cabin, cases, units and assemblies of a hydraulic system, a liquid filling control system, electrical equipment, spare tools and accessories.
The tank is steel, calibrated and is a measure of the total capacity. The equipment of the tank includes: a neck, a sump and a compartment located at the back of the tank and closed by two doors. Distinctive feature the tank has a low neck, and therefore an expansion tank is provided to compensate for the thermal expansion of the transported liquids.
The tank is fastened to the ZIL-131 chassis frame with bolts. The control cabin is installed between the driver's cab and the tanker and is attached to the chassis frame brackets and to the tanker. On the front wall of the control cab there is a bracket to which the spare wheel holder of the car is attached. The control cabin is an all-welded frame made of standard rolled products, sheathed with steel sheets St. 3. Fluid drain is provided from the control cabin pan. Left, right and top, the control cabin has one door each for access to technological equipment hydraulic system of the tank car. In the closed position, the doors are locked with locks. Side doors are fixed with stops in the open position. All doors are sheathed with aluminum alloy sheets and sealed with a rubber gasket. The canisters installed on the sides of the tank house three Du-75 mm sleeves, 3 m long each. In addition, two Du-38 mm arms, 9 m long each, are stowed in the rear compartment.
To control the amount of liquid in the tank, there is a mechanical level indicator.
The electrical system installed on the tank car allows you to control the maximum level of liquid filling with the receipt of light and sound signals, duplication of lamps for emergency overheating of the coolant and emergency drop in oil pressure, vehicle track illumination and lighting of the control cabin.
The tank car is equipped with a set of spare parts, tools, accessories and fire fighting equipment.
Hydraulic system AC-4,0-131 includes: pump SVN-80; bypass valve; suction, discharge, drain and pumping out pipelines; pre-filter; gate valves and valves. Manually manage it with mechanical transmission.
The pump is attached to the control cabin pallet. The operating mode of the pump is changed by a manual gas drive installed in the box on the left side of the tank car. To control the speed of rotation, determine the total operating time of the pump in hours and remotely control the drainage of the liquid, the pump is being finalized.
The fittings include standard valves DN-65 mm, DN-50 mm and valves DN-20 mm. Process piping at AC-4.0-131 is made of steel pipes ø 75x2 mm and 56x2 mm with anti-corrosion coating on their inner surface.
The suction and pressure pipelines are used to fill the tank and dispense liquid from it both by its own pump and by external pumping means. The inlet and outlet pipes of these pipelines are brought out to the left side of the tank car. The pre-filter is installed in the tank sump and attached to the pressure-suction pipe. The drain pipeline is designed to drain liquid from the tank by gravity.
The following unloading and loading operations can be performed on the AC-4.0-131:
- filling the tank and draining the liquid from it with its own pump;
- filling the tank and draining the liquid from it with extraneous pumping means;
- pumping liquid, bypassing the tank;
- discharge of liquid from the sleeves into the tank and delivery of liquid from the tank through the dispensing valves.

SPECIFICATIONS:

Chassis: ZIL-131
Overall dimensions, mm: 6856x2455x2480
Weight, kg:
- without loading: 7060
- with loading: 10365
Tank operating capacity, l: 4100
Dispensing system capacity, l / min: 500
Pump type: SVN-80
Pump drive: from car engine
Sleeves:
- reception (diameter, length, quantity): 75x3x3
- handouts (- "-): 38x9x2
Dispensing valve, type: AK-38
Time to fill the tank with its own pump, min: 12
Time of liquid draining by gravity, min: 10
Service staff, people: 1

Tank car АЦ-4,0-131:

1 - prepared chassis; 2 - control cabin; 3 - tank; 4 - neck cover; 5 - pencil case; 6 - electrical equipment; 7 - back buffer; 8 - grounding circuit; 9 - rear wing; 10 - gas control lever box; 11 - spare parts box; 12 - spare wheel; 13 - fire extinguisher; 14 - muffler.

The tank is made of steel St. 3 followed by applying an anti-corrosion coating to the inner surface.