What is needed to change the engine oil. How to change engine oil correctly

03.01.2022

If the engine oil is not changed for a long time, then you can “kill” the engine. Therefore, it is worth discussing how to change engine oil, what the replacement interval is and why a new oil filter is installed.

Changing the engine oil various brands The car is not very different and follows the same pattern. First we select suitable oil by type and brand of engine. Next, warm up the engine until operating temperature. If it's warm, wait a few minutes to avoid getting burned. Then we find a suitable container where we will drain the waste liquid. An old one will do canister, if you cut off the side cover with a knife.

Next, unscrew the plug on the engine crankcase. This is usually the lowest point on the pallet, or check your owner's manual to be sure. We unscrew the plug with a wrench, and finally with our hands, because the oil will flow out immediately and quickly (place a container for draining in advance), otherwise drain plug you will lose. The oil drains quickly, usually no more than five minutes. But it won’t be possible to drain it 100%. It's not scary, because... Usually no more than 2-3% of old fluid remains in the engine.

The old oil is drained, the color and the presence of foreign impurities are assessed. These factors determine whether the engine requires flushing or replacement without flushing is necessary. Afterwards, a new one is poured in and the oil filter is changed. At this point the work is completed.

When adding oil, constantly monitor the level using the dipstick - it should be between the "min" and "max" marks. Fill in 80% of the total volume and then top up, adjusting with the dipstick.

Replacement interval

Should the manufacturer's recommendations be followed? For modern engines, when the quality of oils improves, it is recommended to replace them after 10-15 thousand kilometers. This value is determined by the manufacturer at normal conditions operation. The worse the conditions, the earlier it needs to be changed.

What is considered difficult conditions? These include: frosts, frequent changes in temperature, humid climate, and high dust levels in the air. Frequent engine overloads (for example, in mountainous areas or when transporting heavy loads) also do not help maintain performance. Typically, if driving conditions are determined to be severe, it is recommended to reduce the mileage before replacement by 25-30 percent.

Operating a car in the city is equivalent to heavy duty - a sluggishly running plug kills oil just as actively as off-road driving, mountain driving or motorsports. Average replacement time: 5,000 - 7,000 km for mineral water and 10,000 - 12,000 km for synthetic.

Do I need to change the oil filter?

Yes, definitely. Working with a clogged engine filter is equivalent to working without it, because... the oil passes past the filter element. This is provided for by its design. With a mileage of 10,000 km, it will be clogged, which will lead to the opening of the bypass valve and the oil will go uncleaned. This results in intense engine wear. Although the emergency pressure light will not light up.

If you change the filter yourself, do not forget to fill it with oil to about half the volume (for a better “first” start) and lubricate the rubber band on the filter housing.

1. Choose your engine oil carefully. Buy those that meet the tolerances and approvals of the auto concern. Remember, viscosity is not the most important parameter. The article “choosing engine oil” will help you with your choice.

2. Do not overuse “express” substitutions. Vacuum replacement is bad because much more used oil remains in the engine than with traditional replacement using the drain method. Therefore, we alternate this method with the traditional one, while reducing the service interval or abandoning it altogether.

3. Change your oil more often! No one air filter will not retain all the dust and dirt that are present in the air. Accordingly, none fuel filter will not retain impurities that are sold at gas stations along with fuel as a free bonus.

4. Do not use any additives and additives in motor oil! Additives can be harmful; the positive effect of such impurities can be short-lived (what are the types of additives).

5. Monitor the oil level using the marks on the dipstick. Not filling up to the bottom mark can lead to oil starvation of the rubbing parts, which will lead to their rapid wear. Overfilling also negatively affects the performance of rubbing parts. What to do if the oil is filled above the level.

6. Do not buy oil from dubious sellers! Fake products will 100% not meet the manufacturer’s requirements, so the motor will quickly fail. Buy only original products at branded gas stations or find the nearest store that sells reliable products. Metal cans also serve as protection against counterfeiting.

Changing engine oil is an extremely important aspect that extends the life of your car's engine.

Regardless of the time of year, duration and driving conditions, the engine requires an oil change, like water is required for a person. Otherwise, further problems with your car cannot be avoided.

Engine oil ages and thickens, clogging filters, or thins out, leading to premature wear of engine components due to friction.

Each type of engine system requires a specific brand of engine lubricant. Its regular updating extends the life of the car.

The importance of changing your engine oil

Timely and regular oil changes in a car engine mean:

reduction of friction of rotating engine elements;
increasing the tightness between the cylinder wall and the piston rings;
increasing pressure in hydraulically driven units;
cooling of the piston system, bearings, etc.;
anti-corrosion effect on car parts;
reduction of soot and deposits on engine parts;
reduction in the activity of acids formed by oil oxides and during fuel combustion;
prevention of sediment deposits in oil lines, crankcase and other parts of the car engine.

Classification

By chemical composition:

Mineral, synthetic and semi-synthetic types.
By viscosity level (SAE):
Winter, summer and all-season.
Additives and quality (API; ACEA)
Approval from car manufacturers

Most companies add specific additives to their products (additives that change certain properties of motor lubricant for productive and long-term operation of a car engine).

Additives make the product suitable for vehicle use in certain conditions. It is worth choosing high-quality raw materials that have the necessary characteristics.

A good oil lubricates, cleans, prevents deposits, reduces exhaust fumes, keeps spark plugs clean, mixes well with fuel at low temperatures, protects against corrosion, flows easily and leaves minimal carbon deposits.

Replacement frequency

Changing engine lubricant depends on the time of year, external conditions and type of car. Engine oil is poured into the engine after an average of 12,000 kilometers, under favorable conditions.

When covering long distances over rough terrain and increased load, the procedure occurs more often.

Replacement of motor lubricant in the engine is determined by the limit values in technical instructions. Conditions such as increased load, temperature changes, and work in dusty or humid environments will shorten the interval between replacements.

An increase in temperature to 5-10º C requires seasonal change motor lubrication. The viscosity of the winter version decreases and the load on rotating parts increases.
It is recommended to change the winter filler when temperatures drop below +5º C, i.e.
a lot depends on weather conditions.

Frequent changes of engine lubricant are required under the following conditions:

city driving in heavy traffic, especially easy in traffic jams;
fast driving;
driving too short distances - the engine does not have time to warm up;
sharp and powerful acceleration.

The following unfavorable conditions also contribute to frequent changes:

leakage of the cooling system;
leakage of exhaust gas into the crankcase;
organic and inorganic impurities.

How to change engine oil

Changing the engine oil yourself is a simple matter.

How to change the engine oil correctly is shown by approximately the same procedure, suitable for most car models:

Correctly changing engine oil begins with warming up the engine system.
Then you need to wait until it cools down. At this time, we select a container for draining the used lubricant.
Then the plug on the crankcase, located at the bottom of the pan, is unscrewed. First, the plug is unscrewed with a key, then by hand. Be careful - the engine lubricant will immediately flow out in a strong stream.
Draining occurs quickly, in about five minutes.
And then we pour new oil into the engine. Complete replacement engine oil is impossible, 3-4% of old waste always remains, which does not affect the performance of the engine.

When changing the engine oil, the condition of the drained engine fluid is assessed for the presence of contaminants and unwanted impurities. Sometimes it is worth flushing the system - this is a separate topic.

Changing the oil through the dipstick is mandatory - you need to set correct level engine oils. First, 80% is poured and little by little is added until required quantity. Changing the oil in a car includes changing the filter.

Replacing the oil filter

The filter needs to be replaced with a new device. When you change engine oil yourself, it also changes on its own.

Why replace the filter?

Motor lubricant is filtered to filter out unwanted impurities and tiny debris. After 8,000 km, the filter inevitably becomes clogged. If you do not change the engine oil along with the filter, the bypass valve will open and uncleaned raw materials will go into the engine. Premature wear occurs, although no external signals are received.

When changing engine oil and oil filter, you should fill the engine lubricant into new filter up to half the volume and coat the rubber band on the outer body of the device. This will smooth out the first launch.

Replacing motor lubricant in the Haldex coupling

Changing the oil in the Haldex clutch is a pressing issue for owners of Volkswagen and Audi. There are many posted online general information. Having serious skills in car repair, it’s not difficult to figure it out, but clear and simple instructions necessary.

Perhaps this action does not guarantee the absence of breakdowns in the unit, especially when driving the car off-road, but it will increase the service life. Changing the oil in a car with all-wheel drive Haldex is different from the usual procedure. Timely replacement of the oil in the coupling will prevent premature repairs.

How to change the oil in an engine with a Haldex coupling:

Unscrew the fastening bolts on the filter cover.
Turn on the pump, which will allow you to freely pull out the plastic sleeve with seals.
Remove the filter.
Unscrew the plug and drain the waste.
Replace the O-ring on the old bushing. There are two o-rings on the original bushing, but they go on sale with only one o-ring.
You need to replace one ring with a new one, but leave the bushing the same.
Place the kit in place.
Remove the pump, wash the screen, install new O-rings to avoid leaks, and install the pump back.
The engine lubricant is changed and the system is pumped. Add engine oil if required.

Difference between oils for two and four stroke engines

Push-pull and four-stroke engines have different requirements for oil filler. In a two-stroke type it burns together with the fuel, but in a four-stroke type, on the contrary, it does not penetrate into the combustion chamber. Based on the principles of operation, oil with certain characteristics is replaced.

Oil for two stroke engine It should burn with a minimum residue of soot and ash, and the oil for a four-stroke engine should retain its lubricating properties for a long time.

Two-strokes are found in powerboats, snowmobiles, motorcycles, chainsaws and lawn mowers that require extreme power at low weight and low cost.
The two-stroke product contains about 2% additives that impart the necessary properties to the base stock.

The base of motor lubricants mainly consists of bright stocks, synthetics, etc. Preference is usually given to bright stocks due to the unpretentiousness of the required characteristics to low temperatures.

High quality two-stroke motor lubricants contain esters. Many types were specially developed for capricious boat motors. They protect especially well against unwanted wear of spare parts.

The raw material for four-stroke engines is often a quarter of a complex of additives. Additives prevent it from foaming and oxidizing, increase service life and contribute to the cleanliness of the structure. But, of course, no accounting is made for the soot produced during combustion along with the fuel, and the waste is quite smoky. Leaving a large amount of soot, completely unsuitable for sensitive two-strokes.

Four-stroke products cannot be used in two-stroke engines!
You cannot put oil into a two-stroke engine that is not designed to burn as fuel.

This leads to the settling of ash and sediment in the piston system. Such impurities are an abrasive. Car engine parts wear out much faster. Soot, settling on surfaces, reduces the mobility of the piston rings and the clearance of the exhaust ports, making it difficult for the exhaust gas to escape. The car's power drops significantly.

Which brand is best?

On gasoline.
Low-power diesel.
Powerful diesel engines.

The choice is represented by a wide range. The labels do not indicate compatibility with each type. You need to choose the product that is most suitable for a specific type of car or buy products from the manufacturer. The opportunity is extremely rare.

Soviet automobile industry:

15W-40 (SAE)
SF/CD (API)
A2/B2 (ACEA)

Foreign cars and modern Russian cars:

10W-40 (SAE)
SH/CF (API)
A3/B3 (ACEA)

The latest vehicles:

5W-40 (SAE)
SL/CF (API)
A3/B3/B4 (ACEA)

Better watch specifications in the car manual and do right choice. Special catalogs contain tables with characteristics and suitable models auto.

It is very important to choose the oil for car engine from a good manufacturer:

Motul

Oldest product on the market automobile oils. The company produces several types of motor fluids for various equipment: cars, trucks, watercraft and motorcycles, as well as garden lawn mowers.

A characteristic difference: the use of ester compounds that form a stable film on the surface of the parts that protects against harmful influences.

LUKOIL

This motor lubricant can withstand low temperatures, while ensuring easier rotation of the crankshaft, and without problems passing through the entire engine system. It also resists condensation and retains its properties in any conditions.

Mobile

Possessing high performance The product is suitable for any season. This is a completely synthetic type, specially created for temperature changes. Easy starting is ensured even in cold winter. Excellent for both gasoline and diesel engines. The composition includes special additives that significantly increase the service life of the equipment.

Neste Oil

Neste Oil motor lubricants are designed for extreme conditions engine operation. Developed on the basis of high-tech products and represented by extensive labeling. Designed for low quality fuel and increased load on equipment.

Participated in many programs and tenders. Its synthetic types were developed specifically for new generation technology. The manufacturer also counted on low-quality fuel and cold winters. And the complex of additives is suitable even for military equipment.

Wolver

It is not afraid of either heat or cold - it is a universal and all-season motor lubricant. It has viscous and low-viscosity variations. For cars with serious mileage, it is recommended to replace the Wolver engine oil with a viscous brand with special additives that ensure reliable engine operation in any conditions.

Yukoil

A significant range of these products allows you to select motor lubricants for any climatic conditions, fuel and equipment. But for the most part, it is a versatile product with excellent properties. Changing the Yukoil oil in the engine is recommended more often, in this case the equipment will last much longer.

Resistant to oxidative processes, thermally stable, ensures efficient operation with maximum efficiency. Leaves a minimal amount of carbon deposits on pistons and cylinder walls. Perfectly suitable for diesel vehicles.
It is also recommended to replace motor oil with an analogue of the Shell or Omega brand, which are presented in a large selection, especially on a synthetic basis.

Which composition to choose

Replacing old engine oil the best analogue, accessible and reasonable. There are mineral, synthetic and semi-synthetic types of motor lubricant.

The opinion of the car manufacturer is important; usually the instructions contain similar instructions. The operating properties are mainly described.

If the old engine ran for a long time on a mineral type, changing the oil to synthetic often leads to leaks.

The old type gradually fills microcracks, and the new raw material dissolves deposits, seeping out. Therefore, synthetic analogues are recommended for new cars, and on older models it is recommended to change the analogue of motor lubricant after. Replacement possible in the engine on semi-synthetics. The difference from synthetics is affordable price. Also, after long-term use of the mineral type, its semi-synthetic analogue is preferable (after flushing the car engine).

The recommended motor lubrication depends on the make of the car, and how to change the engine oil without risks, for different brands will have to be determined in practice. The model, mileage, condition and service life of the engine, type of fuel, and time of year are taken into account.

The best advice is to use only one, truly high-quality type of motor lubricant. Synthetics with all-season, universal characteristics are preferable.

How to check engine oil

How to check the engine oil - It is recommended to check the engine oil level when the engine is cold. The car must be level to avoid errors in measurements.

Measurements on a hot engine are made five minutes after the car has come to a complete stop. If the motor lubricant does not have time to drain down, the measurement will be incorrect.

Changing the oil through the dipstick is the most effective and preferable.

Measuring procedure:

Pull out the indicator probe and wipe dry with a lint-free cloth.
Lower the dipstick back all the way.
Pull it out again - a mark for the level of motor lubrication will be visible at the end.
The recommended level is between the minimum and maximum marks.
If there is a shortage, add oil to the engine to the required level. The total amount of oil in the engine is approximately a liter.

The engine oil level should not drop, especially under increased loads and reckless driving. It does not reach the oil receiver, the pump sucks in air, and the system starves of oil. In such cases, it is simply necessary to add oil to the engine.

Excessive oil level in the engine is also harmful; it gets into the crankcase ventilation system and cylinders. This gradually destroys the catalytic converter. It is recommended to regularly check the engine oil.

How to control engine oil pressure

What should I do if the readings indicate low engine oil pressure?
Stable operation depends on normal engine oil pressure. A drop or rise can be easily detected by a special sensor or indicator on the car’s dashboard.

Low engine oil pressure is detected by a flashing warning light or low sensor readings even at full speed.

It is necessary to turn off the engine and find out the cause of the pressure drop:

It is necessary to check the oil in the engine, which has previously settled down. If necessary, add oil to the engine.
Check for fresh leaks and inspect the crankcase for integrity.
Seal temporarily detected leaks with available materials.
If the engine oil pressure is at the same level, then additional diagnostics are required.
Check the sensor for serviceability. Connect a special pressure gauge in place of the sensor for verification. If the pressure gauge readings are normal, it must be replaced, and the electrical part is carefully checked for malfunctions.

If you have not achieved normal oil pressure in your car engine, you should contact a car service center.

Express oil change method

Understanding how to change engine oil is not something only an experienced person can do. Beginners and girls simply do not want to get involved in a “dirty” business by contacting a car service center. Certainly, quick replacement will not replace the complete disposal of waste raw materials. There is no damage, but there is only sense in a limited time.

The procedure lasts 20 minutes and does not require deep knowledge from the owner. The products are usually of high quality and there is no need to worry. Just don’t abuse the service – a full replacement is still necessary.

The method involves immediate pumping and replacement with new raw materials. Additionally, the filter is changed. Car services specialize in most popular car brands, and there are no problems with making your own choice.

The main thing is that it’s hassle-free. But you should only use proven car services. Unscrupulous companies can fill in cheap motor fluid and install a low-quality filter. You should be careful.

Motor lubricant must be of high quality. There are a huge number of fakes on sale that do not meet basic requirements. Viscosity is not the only indicator of the proper quality of a motor lubricant. Using trusted stores and manufacturers, keeping your car in working condition is much easier.
Accelerated (vacuum) replacement of motor lubricant leaves a large amount of product not pumped out. So a thorough do-it-yourself engine oil change in the garage with a complete drain is simply necessary for the good operation of your car.
Changing engine oil must be done in a timely manner. Otherwise, the filter will not cope with the resulting load. Fuel rarely has the required purity.
It is not recommended to add additives yourself, as this may degrade the quality of the product.
Change oil only through the dipstick. Since it is impossible to determine the required quantity by eye. If underfilled, spare parts wear out much faster.
Replacing the engine filter is as important as periodically changing the oil. Saving on filters is not welcome, as this will result in large expenses later.
Changing the oil in a car engine is simple, and the benefits are undeniable. How to change engine oil is not difficult to figure out. Regularly updating motor lubricant is the key to the health of your car's engine.
Car owners should systematically check the engine oil level, not forgetting to change the filters.
For each car model, motor lubricant is selected according to individual parameters.
The quality of the product is extremely important. After all, if you spare money today, tomorrow you will spend much more on repairs.

Even if you drive a car quite rarely and very carefully, from time to time, individual consumables and fluids need to be changed. Otherwise, you can “run into” serious problems, which will cost you a pretty penny at a car service center. One of these items is changing the engine oil. Each maintenance service at branded car services drains the old oil and fills in new oil.

Of course, with proper preparation, you can change the oil yourself. This will save you a certain amount, from several hundred rubles to several thousand, depending on the service you would contact.

First, it’s worth talking about the purpose of the oil itself. It lubricates the engine during operation, thereby reducing friction between parts and absorbing heat. As a result, the engine not only runs thousands of times longer, but also makes less noise and does not heat up. In addition, the oil neutralizes acid in the engine. The reason for changing the engine oil is its contamination with microparticles of engine parts, dust particles and organic substances. No matter how carefully you drive, the “extra” still ends up in the oil. High liquid temperatures also destroy the properties of oil. As a result, the ability to absorb substances is lost, which reduces useful activity - it is more difficult for an engine to work with such oil, if explained as simply as possible. Motor oil is the lifeblood of the engine!

Before deciding to change the oil, it is worth checking its level and condition. This is as easy as possible to do, even for a girl who has never lifted the hood of a car.

How to check engine oil clarity

Before starting the test, start the car. You don't have to go anywhere, just wait until the engine runs a little. A few minutes is enough.

Carefully remove it and check the oil level, as well as the color.

If the oil is dark brown, and even more so black, it needs to be replaced. If the color is light, like “light” tea, don’t worry.

In any case, there is no need to be afraid - if there is no leakage, then everything is in order and the problem can be solved simply and quickly. But if it’s a little dark, you shouldn’t wait - untimely replacement oil may cause engine damage.

How to drain car oil

Of course, for the first time it is better to ask a friend or work colleague who understands the “stuffing” of cars to drain the oil together. He will tell you what to do and will supervise your work. If this is not possible, it doesn’t matter - we can handle it.

Before this action, you need to prepare for the process. To drain the oil you will need:

socket wrench - with its help you remove the oil pan bolt;
oil filter wrench;
an oil catcher or trash container for draining and storing old oil;
rubber gloves to avoid getting dirty with oil;
some rags or old newspapers so as not to stain everything around.

And also prepare yourself mentally.

If you have not previously started the car to check the oil condition, do so. A few minutes of engine operation will allow the oil to drain faster due to the higher temperature - it will become more liquid. You can even drive around the house a few times or go to the store, that’s even better.

Next, we stop the car on level ground, and then turn off the engine. We wait about 7 minutes. If you have an SUV, then you don’t even need to lift the car to drain the oil; if you can’t crawl, you need to lift the car. In car services, hydraulic lifts are used for this, but we can use an overpass (sometimes you can find it “in garages”) or put the car on supports.

If everything is ready, we find the oil drain plug under the car. It is designed specifically to drain engine oil. In fact, it is a large nut on the bottom of the oil pan. Sometimes you have to study the instructions to find this same plug - it all depends on the manufacturer and even the brand of your car. Here we use a socket wrench - with its help we loosen the nut. It's important to know that if you've driven before, the oil may be hot - don't get burned!

The oil drains for about 2 minutes. Do not leave the car during this time, so as not to discover later that the oil has drained behind the walls of the container. Otherwise, you will have to clean up for a long time and unpleasantly.

Experts advise replacing the sealing washer of the drain plug before putting the plug back. Naturally, you should buy it in advance or find it somewhere else. installed.

Speaking of filters. In addition to the oil, it is worth installing a new oil filter. For what? The fact is that motor oil circulates through the engine using an oil pump, passing through the oil filter. The latter catches all the smallest parts and contaminants in the oil and keeps the oil clean. The longer you don't change the oil, the dirtier your filter will be.

Changing the oil filter

It is worth buying a filter specifically for your car brand. Otherwise, the filter may simply not stand up.

After the oil is drained, we find the oil filter. He has cylindrical shape, the body is painted white, black, orange or Blue colour. Turn the oil filter wrench counterclockwise to loosen it. Just one turn is enough. Next, remove the filter with your hands, also carefully - it will be covered in oil.

It is also important to prepare a new filter that will work for you when cleaning the oil - wipe its rubber seal with a small amount of clean oil. This will make the filter denser. We also recommend using a clean cloth to wipe off any remaining oil around the place where the old filter is attached - the same thing. We screw in the filter first by hand, and then with a wrench. There is no need to tighten it too much; just turn it less than one turn.

Filling with new oil

Check your car's manual to find out what kind of oil you need to fill. If there are no instructions, you can find the data on the Internet or contact a car service. The oil volume can also vary, depending on the make of the car - from 3.5 to 5.5 liters. This is how much you need to buy, as well as with a small reserve for “topping up”.

To avoid spilling some of the oil on the engine, use a funnel to fill it. The danger is not only that the oil will stain or contaminate the engine, but more seriously - the oil can become very hot and catch fire. Even if the car does not catch fire, additional repairs may be required. If oil accidentally spills, it is better to wipe it off with a rag.

As soon as the required oil level is reached, stop filling it. Wait a few minutes for the oil to reach the bottom of the oil pan. Remember that cold oil drains from a canister more slowly than hot oil. The level of the newly filled area should be slightly below the top mark of the dipstick.

It is dangerous not only not to add oil to the engine, but also to overfill it. The fact is that too much oil, above the level on the dipstick, will cause oil to get onto the crankshaft. The latter rotates at a speed of several thousand revolutions per minute - as a result, the oil will turn into foam. As a result, the oil pump will not circulate oil throughout the engine, which in turn will cause a sharp reduction in the service life of the engine. It will overheat or even fail - you will have to contact a car service and pay a lot of money.

Once the oil is filled and you are sure that the level is correct, start the engine. A few minutes are enough for the new oil to spread throughout the engine and begin to “work.” Look under the car and make sure there are no oil leaks.

How often to change engine oil

So how? Car service employees recommend doing this at least every 5-10 thousand kilometers. Some manufacturers give their advice, even taking into account the age of the car. For example, Ford brands and Toyota recommend doing this every 6 months, or after 10 thousand kilometers. If this is not for you a big problem, change the oil every 5 thousand kilometers.

Of course, the intervals directly depend on your driving style and how actively you use the car. The more and faster you drive, the more often you need to change the oil. Extreme engine operating temperatures, both during frost and extreme heat, also affect the loss of performance. Be careful if you often drive through mud, or if you are transporting or towing a heavy load. All this affects the operation of the engine, and therefore the oil.

Another reason for frequent oil changes is the age of the car. If new foreign car can work on one “portion” for a year, then a 15-year-old “old lady” will burn oil, even if she drives very carefully. It is not surprising that owners of such cars check the oil level at least once a week, or even more often. Opening the hood and looking at the dipstick is not difficult.

some cars have dashboard special indicators showing the condition of the engine and the oil in it. The lamp came on low level oil - check the level and draw conclusions. Expensive foreign cars have even more complex systems that notify the need for an oil change by analyzing the operation of the engine and gearbox. Very comfortably.

Instructions for changing diesel oil
How to replace the oil filter?

Motor oil provides constant lubrication of various engine components, which extends their service life. But in the process of work power unit V lubrication system dust, carbon deposits, particles of wear parts, unburnt fuel and condensate formed due to temperature changes enter. The oil (as well as the additives included in its composition) gradually loses its original properties and does not perform its functions effectively enough. Its replacement is a mandatory procedure when servicing the lubrication system and car engine.

In addition, over time, the amount of oil in the system decreases. It evaporates, turns into waste in the combustion chambers, and leaks through worn oil seals and seals. When the level lubricant drops to a critical level, the motor may fail. You can’t constantly top it up; sooner or later you’ll have to change it. This can be done not only at the service center; below we describe how to change the engine oil yourself.

Types of motor oils

There are different motor oils, consisting of a “base” and various additives that improve their properties. For long-term stable operation of a car engine, it is very important to choose a lubricant. For example, some means are used to change the oil in a diesel engine, while others are more suitable for gasoline engines.

Based on the composition of the “base,” mineral and synthetic varieties are distinguished. Mineral lubricants are inferior and are usually used in domestic cars. The use of “synthetics” provides more stable work power unit, reduces fuel consumption. “Semi-synthetic” has similar properties, which can be poured into any type of engine.

Lubricants are divided into summer and winter. Summer oils due to their high viscosity, they make it difficult to start the power unit in cold weather, and winter ones do not provide sufficient lubrication during high temperatures. There are all-season varieties whose viscosity is not so dependent on temperature.

All other properties of motor oils are the result of the addition of additives.

Engine oil change intervals

Oil change intervals are set by car manufacturers to specific models engines and vary between 5-15 thousand km. But under unfavorable operating conditions of the machine, its production occurs much faster.

When changing engine oil yourself, it is difficult to determine the optimal frequency of this procedure. Here are the basic prerequisites for reducing intervals:

Driving in traffic jams, frequent short trips, and parking with the engine running lead to strong heating and gradual dilution of the oil.
When driving off-road and with frequent changes in speed, the engine experiences maximum load. If this driving rhythm is the norm, gasoline or diesel engines require servicing more often.
If you use low-quality fuel or oil that is unsuitable for a particular engine, its service life should also be reduced.

If the car owner rarely changes the oil, the parts of the power unit wear out faster, and dirt and tar deposits appear on them.

Checking the engine oil level

The design of a car engine includes many moving metal elements. When they come into contact, friction occurs, which could lead to very rapid wear of the working surfaces. The presence of sufficient lubricant reduces friction and protects the parts of the unit, but this requires a certain amount of oil. It is checked when diagnosing the lubrication system, but it must be monitored constantly using a special probe:

Flushing the engine when changing the oil

Gradually, tar deposits accumulate on the internal surfaces of the motor, which negatively affects its operation. To clean cavities and channels, do-it-yourself engine oil change technology often involves pre-flushing the unit using:

How to change the engine oil yourself?

Replace in gasoline engine Lubrication is simple, but it is important to follow the sequence given here. Here are the instructions for self-replacement engine oils:

Do-it-yourself instructions for changing diesel oil

The procedure for changing the lubricant in diesel units is similar, but for modifications with turbocharging it is required half as often. Usually the oil is changed when servicing diesel engines, but you can do everything yourself:

How to replace the oil filter yourself?

When operating the machine, abrasive particles enter the lubrication system, which contributes to accelerated wear of the power unit. The fine filter retains them, but gradually becomes clogged and becomes unusable. To avoid repairs to the lubrication system and engine, it must be changed in a timely manner.

The filter is usually changed at the same time as the oil. Here are instructions for replacing the oil filter yourself:

How to remove excess oil from the engine?

It’s quite easy to change the oil in your car’s engine yourself, but there is a risk of overfilling it. To remove excess oil, you will need a regular medical IV kit, a large syringe and some kind of container. The procedure is simple, but it must be done immediately. Otherwise, you will have to deal with replacing the crankshaft oil seal, and this is a dirty and rather painstaking job.

The same principle applies to vacuum or express engine oil changes. But it is difficult to change the engine oil yourself using this technology; you need special equipment.

Another method of removing excess lubricant is more complicated and is usually used when there is significant overflow.

You need to jack up the car or drive it into a pit. When the engine has cooled down (so that there are no problems with tightening the plug), open drainer crankcase
Drain some of the oil into a prepared container and quickly tighten the cap.
Check the level with a dipstick. If it still shows excess lubricant (the mark on the dipstick is behind the “Max” mark), repeat the procedure.

The power plant plays a major role in the design of any self-propelled units. But only timely and competent replacement engine oil will ensure long-term uninterrupted operation.

If the operating mode of the equipment is normal, it is recommended to follow the procedure intervals established by the manufacturer. Usually information is given in the technical documentation that accompanies vehicle. A decrease is unacceptable, as is an increase in the specified period of time. You shouldn’t relax, even when the canisters themselves indicate an extended period.

But sometimes replacement needs to be done more often than indicated in the instructions. This applies to the following circumstances:

Operating a vehicle in an atmosphere with pollution and large amounts of dust.
Use of low quality fuel.
Reduced intervals between stopping the power unit and starting it. A maximum of half an hour should pass between these moments. Otherwise, the requirements are violated.
Operating the machine in urban environments, with long periods of movement in traffic jams.

Motor oil is an indispensable part in the operation of a car.

Any such circumstances require a reduction in time by a quarter, or even longer periods.

Oil change steps

The manufacturer indicates the volume of liquid in the accompanying instructions. But it is recommended to use a dipstick to check the oil level, since the ability to completely drain is not supported by all models. When the engine is warm, the indicators always increase; those who are interested in the question of how to properly change engine oil should also remember this.

Preparation work

The first step is to prepare the necessary equipment for changing the fluid:

It will be dark under the car, so you can’t do without a flashlight.
Two keys are also purchased at mandatory. Using one, unscrew the drain plug, and with the second, remove the oil filter.
To collect the waste you will need a separate container. You can use bowls cut into canisters. The main thing is that the product fits under the car and is able to accommodate the entire volume.
The canister itself contains new oil. You need to take it with a small reserve in volume.
New filter that suits a specific car.

Replacing the filter

Filters are used to clean liquids from various impurities and particles that make further operation difficult. These parts begin to clog after 8 thousand kilometers. If the replacement is not made in time, the bypass valve opens, which causes a lot of dirt and foreign particles to end up in the engine. There may be no external signals, but in this case premature wear occurs.

Fill the new filter with motor lubricant up to half the volume. There must be a rubber band on the outer body of the device. Then the first launch will be softened.

Engine oil drain procedure

Oil drain procedure

The standard procedure for replacing fluids assumes that draining is done as follows:

The machine is installed on a flat surface. Overpass or inspection hole – best option. Some people prefer to drive vehicles on top of bricks or other building blocks. Then the front of the car rises, which makes it easier to drain the liquid. But even in this case, the waste will not flow out of the engine completely.
Installation on hand brake or the “parking” mode makes it easier to lock the vehicle in one position. The main thing is that the car does not slide to the side; only in this case the driver’s safety is ensured.
The drive needs to be warmed up to operating temperature, and then wait a little. This will allow the parts to cool down and the owner to be protected from instant burns.
Protective panels block access to the oil pan. You also need to get rid of such parts.
To prevent oil splashing, the collection container must be installed in advance.
The plug in the engine sump is unscrewed. Used first wrench, then the work is done manually. You need to watch the metal or plastic gasket on the plug - it may fall.
It only takes a few minutes to drain the entire volume of old fluid. If a small part of the waste fluid remains inside, this is normal.
If there is a lot of sediment in the old oil, then the engine needs to be flushed before adding new material.
Next comes replacing the oil filter. What is needed to change the oil in an internal combustion engine has already been listed above.

Filling order

The liquid is poured inside after the old oil is completely drained and the filter is replaced. The volume of new material must correspond to what is written in the technical documentation accompanying the car.

Only minor changes in volume are permissible - they will not lead to serious consequences. But overfilling or underfilling can become a problem if it is noticeable. Insufficient oil, for example, often leads to overheating of engines. Strong overflow leads to the fact that the oil seals are squeezed out of the crankshaft.

In the majority modern engines types of oils are used, which are classified according to several criteria:

Tolerance or quality standard of automobile manufacturers.
Quality according to API or ACEA system.
Viscosity, according to SAE classification.
Depending on the chemical composition. This characteristic allows us to distinguish between synthetic and semi-synthetic, mineral varieties of oils.

Oil fill

For many modern cars There are so-called forced engines. Motor oils synthetic composition - optimal choice for lubrication. This means that the composition contains only synthetic components. High stability of physicochemical properties has become the main advantage for the compositions. The oil change procedure remains standard.

Oils of synthetic origin continue to cope with functions regardless of the conditions under which a particular engine is operated.

There are other tips that are given to car owners before changing the fluid.

You cannot skimp on quality. That's why most drivers prefer synthetics.
Mineral fluids are changed every 7-8 thousand kilometers after a planned procedure. Synthetics can be changed every 15 thousand kilometers. But these recommendations correspond to European roads, the conditions on which are almost ideal. In the case of RF, it is recommended to carry out the procedure earlier than the interval specified earlier.
On engine mixture Factors such as extreme driving style and spending time in traffic jams also have a negative impact. The liquid thins out if the surrounding temperature rises. Because of this, they begin to decline and protective properties. And it is necessary to change the engine oil in a shorter period of time.

Conclusion

From design features car depends on what the fuel consumption will be at different conditions. The technical specifications always indicate acceptable values, this factor was no exception. For one motor, a specific level will be normal, but for another it will be the main sign of a malfunction. In some modifications, there is no need to add fluid at all from one replacement procedure to another. In most cases, it is recommended to use a dipstick to monitor the fluid level. This option is suitable for most drivers.

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