Automotive tires are important in the operation of the vehicle. They provide comfort while driving, make moving in a safe car, provide reliable adhesion with an expensive in the conditions of adverse weather conditions. And the first thing that should be remembered both beginner and experienced motorist is the need to control the level of tire pressure.

Why is it so important? Pressure indicators determine the readiness of the wheel to the road confrontation in all weather conditions. Thus, the reduction in the tire pressure leads to an increase in fuel consumption. And in the critical situation, it may cause the loss of manageability and the stability of the vehicle. So is it worth risking if the regular check of tire pressure will allow you to avoid many troubles related to the operation of the car?

Tireless device: design features and types of tires

Before you master the wisdom of tires, do it yourself - in the conditions of a garage or outdoors, it is important to explore the theoretical part of the process. To begin with, it is worth determining the package car wheelconsisting of a tire and disk with a rim to which it is put on.

All types of modern automotive tires They are divided into several categories having their design features:

In addition to this tires are divided into:

• highway or summerUsed to operate on a solid coating in wet or dry weather. Do not apply for operation in low temperatures;
• winter, the protector of which is designed for a rapid discharge of snow and dirt from the area of \u200b\u200bthe contact spot, which provides a clutch of a vehicle with a road surface. Such tires are originally designed to work in the winter and have in its composition components that protect rubber mix from loss of operational properties in low temperatures;
• all-seasonallowing to ensure the safety of driving with any weather and regardless of the change of temperature modes.

Automotive tires have gradation by the type of thread location in a cord basis. It can be radial - at a right angle relative to the sides, or diagonal, with the crossing of the threads from the sidewall to the sidewall diagonally.

Mounting and disassembling wheels

Ability to dismantle and install a car wheel - a big advantage for the car owner. You can be calm in the most unstantar road situation, and in conditions of urgent seasonal replacement of tires. And if you have not yet mastered all the wisdom of the aircraft, it's never too late to make the first steps in the right direction. The main thing is to learn the procedure.

To dismantle / install car wheels you will need:

• smooth space allowing you to freely replace the wheels;
• jack - to provide free access to the wheel attachment;
• balloon key of the desired size - for dismantling.

After completing the preparation, you need to act in stages:

1. To begin with, it is necessary to reliably fix the vehicle in place by using for this parking brake (Tightening the lever). The car is placed on the first transmission. To securely fix the vehicle makes sense to use special devices ("shoes").
2. By fixing the car, it is necessary to "disruption" the wheels of the wheel to be disassembled. To do this, we need to loosen nuts using a balloon key without removing them completely.
3. Next, the car should be installed on the jack, lifting it in the location area of \u200b\u200bthe dismantled wheel.
4. After reliable fixation of the vehicle on the jack, you can proceed to dismantling, unscrewing the wheels and removing the wheel from the axis.

The dismantled wheel must be replaced with the spare. To do this, a pre-prepared "spare" is placed in the place of the "landing" of the wheel, establishing it with the help of studs or guides - depending on the design. And then fix (not to the end) with the help of previously dismantled fasteners, checking the reliability of fixation (nuts must be screwed in order of the order, starting from the uppermost, in the diagonal sequence - this ensures the correct center).

The final tightening of the nuts is made only after the velocity of the vehicle from the jack. Upon completion of the installation procedure, it is necessary to check the tire pressure (normal should be from 2 bar or more) and, if necessary, bring its indicators to the desired values.

Replacing the tires

Sometimes the tire procedure requires not just a temporary troubleshooting by replacing the wheels, but much more decisive actions. In particular, replacing the tires on the car disk, which even in the conditions of the garage looks not simple. What will be required for self-substitution tire?

• Special devices - blades, or, for the absence of the best, two flat tip screwdrivers.
• Soap solution.

Selecting the wheels with your own hands - a process that requires a certain excerpt. It is necessary to separate the tire from the rim as much as possible, gradually crimping the rim. By installing the blade between the rim and the tire, use a soap solution as a kind of lubricant, facilitating the release of the edge of the tire from under the rim.

It is important to consider what to act in the dismantling process is slowly, gradually moving along the rim. On average, in the absence of special equipment and skills, it will take about 30-40 minutes to dismantle one tire.

The process of replacing the tire is made in the same way. With the help of the blades, the tire is gradually placed in place, carefully refilling under the rim of the wheel.

Upon completion of the Tire Mounting Process, our Wheel is ready to install on the car. To do this, it is placed on the place of attachment and fixed with the help of bolts, and then removed from the jack and produce maximum fixation of the fasteners in the jacks of fasteners. Upon completion of the installation, the tire pressure must be brought to standard values.

We bring to your attention a video lesson "How to change the wheel by car":

Having mastered the basic bases of tires with their own hands, you can always cope with the emergency replacement of the tire in road situations without resorting to the help of specialists and seasonal replacement summer tires Winter will not cause serious problems.

With the arrival of spring, more and more owners of personal means of movement begins to think about the process of replacing the rubber on your car. Like ordinary shoes, car rubber has features that allow it to use it at a certain time of the year.

Application is not a correct type leads to additional costs of financial resources of the car owner or can lead to the creation of a dangerous environment on the roads.

Differences and features

The main difference between both types of tires is the different technology used when creating rubber shoes for the car. Winter tires feels great at negative temperatures, but during hot weather conditions, it is softened. This feature It may lead to loss of control over the car in the warm season, and therefore will cause the creation of a dangerous situation on the roads, which can lead to human victims. With increasing temperature, the life of the winter version of the tires is significantly reduced. This type of rubber is rapidly destroyed in warm weather conditions, especially when the vehicle is hit in potholes or when moving the vehicle through obstacles.

Summer tires per car possesses completely opposite properties - at low temperatures, the surface of the tire becomes very solid, which leads to a bad clutch with a road surface. Even on a clean road, such rubber behaves very badly at a noticeable cooling. The movement of the car on the summert of the tires on the icing track very often leads to a deposits that may be accompanied by human victims or large financial waste related to serious repair work vehicle.

When and how it follows

Each vehicle owner produces a replacement of winter rubber on its summer version, according to his personal beliefs. There is no certain time when this procedure should be carried out, so every car enthusiast can engage in the replacement of automotive tires to any, convenient for it, time. It is recommended to replace winter rubber on the summer when the night air temperature will have a constant positive value. Too early shift automotive rubber It may lead to the fact that they will have to move on the vehicle during traditional morning frosts, which does not contribute to good control over the car.

Replacing car tires - a fairly simple process - at the station maintenance This procedure takes no more than half an hour of free time, and it costs this process is not quite expensive. However, many car owners prefer to replace winter rubber on summer independently. Of course, it is possible to install demi-season rubber on your vehicle, but this option has several significant drawbacks. First of all, it is the price that is significantly higher than that of ordinary analogues. The second drawback is that this version of the tires does not have full positive qualities Winter and summer rubber. That is, the demi-season tire in winter and summer has lower technical specifications than traditional rubber options for various weather options.

If the car owner has the ability to fully change the wheels of his vehicle, then the replacement of shoes will not require great effort and spending of personal time. You need to have a tubular key at your disposal suitable size and car jack. The nuts on the wheels of the car are unscrewed before lifting the body of the vehicle, then the vehicle rises to the necessary height and the car shoe is replaced. Fastening the wheels are followed by a cross-like method, which is performed again at full load on new element car.

Even with such a simple process, all security measures should be observed: the car should stand on a flat and solid surface, to be installed on hand brakeand additionally fixed with shoes. If it was not possible to find a sufficiently solid soil - it is necessary to put a largely wide board under the jack support to reduce the pressure force produced by the car.

Some vehicle owners do not use additional wheels in the collection - in such cases it is necessary to produce tireage. This process is also not a particularly difficult procedure, although most people try to fulfill it in servicing organizations. For those who do not know how to focus on their own, we give a description of this process.

For this procedure, two special shoulder blades will be required. The rim of the wheel is pre-lubricated with a conventional soap solution, then with the help of the wide ends of the blades, the tire breaks off with landing. To do this, it will require an attach a certain physical force to press the material of rubber from the metal base. Replacing the tire occurs in the reverse order with the help of the same tool moving it around the perimeter of the car wheel.

Summer rubber choice for car

Rubber, like ordinary shoes, has a large number different specieswho have their own features and technical characteristics. It will be appropriate here: sneakers man clothes, first of all, for sports or personal convenience, while shoes are more designed to create an image and wearing at ceremonial receptions or hiking. Also, various types of automotive tires are designed for different use options.

Summer car tires are highway or speed. If the first option is suitable for a standard driving process, then the high-speed tires is installed on sports vehicles or fans of high-speed movement on the roads.

There are three types of tread pattern on automotive rubber:

This option is perfectly copes with driving in bad weather conditions in the summer, for example, when moving around the wet road. The disadvantage of this type of tire is a short life of the product and the impossibility of installing it on the opposite side of the vehicle;

2. Symmetric tread pattern.

Advantage this type is a long service life and good specifications products;

3. Asymmetric tread pattern.

It has the main positive features of the first two types of automotive tire protector pattern.

For movement in urban conditions for small distances, the ideal option is the second type of tire. Car owners making large routes along the tracks usually use the director of the tread as the most suitable for this process. Lovers fast driving The ideal option is to purchase a third type of automotive tires, as it is most suitable for this type of driving vehicle.

Lovers extreme driving Wide-profile tires should be purchased, as they better cope with dangerous road situations and have a long service life. If you like a slow ride and accustomed to save your money, the narrow-profile tires are your perfect choice.

When choosing between standard and low-profile rubber, it should be borne in mind that the second option shows the good stability of the car, while significantly reducing the comfortable state when the vehicle is moved. In addition, this velocity of summer rubber is much more expensive than traditional tires and has a significantly smaller service life.

Conclusion

In the end, I would like to note her one important factor when choosing summer tires - you should carefully read the testimony of the marking on the tire and know the technical characteristics of your vehicle. Different rubber options have different high-speed limitations and possible load on each car wheel. Highly an important element When choosing rubber are load indices and high-speed modes that are on the surface of the tire in one place. For example, the designation "90T" means that the maximum load on one wheel of the car should not exceed 600 kg, and speed mode limited 190 km / h.

http://avtofactovic.ru/zameNit-Rezinu/ - Link

Replacement of rubber on VW Passat B3 do it yourself

A couple of years ago, when I had a rubbish jack, I myself had a replacement wheel on a car only in forced cases.

The jack has had a handle that it was necessary to twist first in one direction to raise the car, and then to another to omit.

To replace the winter rubber on the summer, I drove the car into the tireage, the good, they take the money for this service for this service.

Well, one day I decided that I could no longer live without a rolling jack.

Immediately after purchase it turned out that in the cylinder of the jack low level Oil. I had to add spindle to him or something like that, and he still earned.

Returning to the replacement of rubber: now it began to be considered normal to have two sets of wheels, one with winter studded rubber, and the second with a summer.

Why do you need winter and summer tires?

The tread in summer tires is less deep, and the tire itself is harder than the winter, the area of \u200b\u200btouching rubber with the road is small, and the car spends less power to overcome the friction, but, in this case, it has a sufficient grip with a road surface, and, accordingly, can develop a heavy speed Optimally spending fuel.

And in winter, especially, on ice, friction between rubber and expensive is not enough, and for normal ride, it is necessary to trigger the type of deep tread, soft rubber and metal spikes.

In my childhood, people or did not have studded rubber at all, or were forced to focus the wheels twice for the season, and most had no cars and they went on foot. Or maybe I have left the wrong memories of this side of the life of motorists from childhood?

Returning back to the replacement of rubber, now finally: now I change the wheels herself. It's easy to do, especially, having a good jack, a good key and a VW Passat B3 car.

I am starting with the fact that I lay out all the necessary and wear shopping gloves next to the car. Then I remove the decorative cap from the wheel and loosen all four bolts with the help of the key that fastening the wheel.

You cannot unscrew them all right, even if you really want.

What is good Volkswagen Passat, so this is the fact that the bolts are unscrewed easily and quickly, the effort is only in order to stronger the bolt from the place, and then it can be twisted with your fingers.

After the bolts are weakened, you need to raise the car to the jack.

The rolling hydraulic jack for this purpose is the most convenient, in my opinion.

When the wheel is already hanging freely in the air, I finally unscrew the bolts and remove it.

Summer rubber can be removed from that moment.

I install the wheel with a winter tire and screw it.

Then I lower the jack and wear a decorative corporate cap on the wheel.

Similarly, I change three more wheels. After their replacement, the car is ready for operation on winter Road. On the way to the city it will be necessary to drop in the tireage and check the pressure in the wheels.

As stated in one famous television series, the winter is close. Weather forecasters promise the first frosts already this week, which means that motorists need to urgently prepare cars to the cold season. Riamo in the Queen browser found out when it is necessary to "re-overflow" your car, how to choose the right tires, and where in the city you can produce a seasonal replacement of automotive tires.

When need to change tires

© Alexander Kojokhin

The question of when motorists need to change rubber is settled by Russian legislation. In the law "On the safety of vehicles", which began to operate on November 1, 2015, the requirements for seasonal tire correspondence are prescribed.

The law does not indicate specific dates when you need to replace the summer can be replaced on the summer and vice versa, as it depends on weather conditions that may vary. By law, if the temperature ambient It is reduced to a plus of 5 degrees, then the rubber must be changed, since in such conditions the summer tires begin to fit, and the clutch with the road becomes worse. At the same time, the tires need to be changed on all wheels of the car at the same time.

According to the law, in June, July, August, only studded tires is prohibited, and in December, January, February it is necessary to use only winter tires. At the same time, you can use studded and notched tires that must be marked with M + S and have the corresponding pattern of the tread. The frameworks of their use may increase by local governments, but not to decrease - for example, they can regulate the ban on the use of winter "shoes" for the machine from May to September.

Thus, on winter tires with spikes M + S, motorists can move from September 1 and use it to be inclusive. On the summer tires Without marker M + S, you can move from March 1 and ride it until November 30.

How to choose tires

© Alexander Kojokhin

The view that winter and summer tires differ only in the tread pattern and thickness, erroneously. Tires have a different composition of rubber, which provides the optimal clutch of the wheel surface with the road flooring at the specified season.

Summer and winter tires

Summer tires are denser and suitable for high-speed driving on the road having good quality Coatings. Winter tires have a more elastic alloy, which, on the contrary, badly "works" at the plus temperatures. In addition, due to this, their wear is increasing. But when using winter tires at minus temperatures, they provide good grip with slippery expensive. Also, winter tires has a tread depth of up to 4 millimeters, which is much larger than summer tires - just 1.6 millimeters. Winter tires have a more pronounced tread pattern.

Spikes or Velcro?

© Alexander Kojokhin

Today, two types of winter rubber are common - studded and frictional. The clutch coefficient is larger in view of the presence of spikes. However, the stability of the car on slippery winter tracks also depends on the tread pattern and the chemical composition of rubber, which, as a rule, the friction tires are better adapted to winter conditions.

Scandinavian or European?

Manufacturers offer motorists two types of tires: Scandinavian and European. European tread pattern has a large amount of grooves designed for water drain. Among them are both small and deeper, located diagonally. In the Scandinavian drawing of the tread of the grooves, it can be one central chute with radial branches. This type of tread helps to increase the grip with an expensive at snow or icing. Such tires show themselves very well on slippery trails. They are often complemented by spikes.

Tire size

An important is the size of winter tires. If you choose tires that do not appropriate standard size for a specific car brand, then the best option There will be narrow tires with a high profile. Choosing rubber, it should be remembered that the shelf life and the time of operation of winter tires is about three times more than the summer.

Penalties with incorrect rubber selection

According to Chapter 12 of the Code administrative offenseswhich has no reference to Technical regulations Customs Union, a penalty for the lack of winter tires cannot be imposed. However, for use winter wheels With a worn tread, you can impose a fine of 500 rubles or make a warning during primary comments. The same penalty can also write to those who use winter tires With marking M + S, but with a tread depth less than 4 millimeters. The fine is superimposed only during the operation of the car on the icy or snow-covered road surface.

Replacement of summer rubber on winter

© Alexander Kojokhin

There are two ways to replace summer tires on the winter - to move the wheels or put on the car the second set of wheels.

When the wheel is offset, it is dismantled, then the summer tires are removed from the disks and replaced them on the winter, after which the wheels put in place. This way is more expensive, but its plus is that the motorist does not need to have two sets of wheels at once and look for a place to store them.

The article is necessary for reading novice motorists, especially excellent ladies. "Cool" car drivers to read is not necessary.

This action, for "experienced" and with experience cannot cause feelings even similar to panic, but for a beginner and especially if it is a girl, there is a mass of all kinds of questions.

Here, in this article, I want to place all the points where it should be. So that there were no mockery of uncompatible vendors of automotive wheels over the cute young lady.

The first and most important question

On summer tires in winter, it is dangerous in winter, if you, of course, do not live in Australia or "Bananan-Lemon" Singapore.
"Oh, why?" - A toastive girl will ask the question.
"Yes, you drive! I all last winter, in my chisel departed on summer tires, "will say a non-love young man with a driving experience of 2-4 years.

I answer immediately both:
You can go on summer tires of course in winter if with the mind, especially in major cities, where the snow is mostly visible on TV. But, sometimes, one such a snowy day is enough to send your own iron horse in body repair. Not in vain, it is precisely such, "Snezhnoye-ice" days, called the "Bigner's Day".
I hope on the first question is accepted.

If the first question is accepted almost unanimously, then smoothly go to the second - to put winter tires with spikes or without?
If your car is furious by the stone jungle of the megalpolis, and traveling for the city, for example, skiing or getting on winter fishing - not your horse, then you are uniquely spikes on wheels you do not need.
Moreover, they literally completely demolish the road marking, which is so painstakingly, at night with tassels draw cunning traffic police.

Winter tires (no spikes) in the city will be useful when one day, having stopped into your yard, you will see that a thoughtful communal service tractor diluted a snowdrift where you usually park. Or coming out the gloomy morning from a warm apartment with surprise, find that the magic snow was wagged at night and the same tractor shaped a snowdrift along the parked cars.

On this occasion there is a small parable, or if you want a joke.

As you know, all people are divided into two categories: - car enthusiasts and the rest. The rest, leaving the house rejoice in the snow dropping at night as children, seniting with delight: "What an amazing and magic snow fell tonight!"
And only the tribe of car enthusiasts, running with a surrender around the car, the evil mumble: "I again diluted this fucking snow!"

Residents of the endless northern expanses of Russia will not advise. They know everything so much. "What a flavored spikes there" - they will grumble, putting on the chain wheels.

Now, a little about intimate - about sizes, holes and other nonsense

Probably, even the very last kettle knows that the diameter of the wheel is measured in inches (") - well, it was said. Accordingly, the disc under the rubber is selected the same.
Under the rubber 15 "the disk is selected, guess from three times :), correctly 15."

Wheel disk, as you know, attached to the car with nuts or bolts.
So, when buying wheel disks, It should be taken into account the size of the landing place on the hub of your car and the number of these very holes. Here are already measured in millimeters.

For example:
mysterious numbers 4 x 108, mean - four boarding holes And the distance between the centers of these holes is 108 mm.

There is also such a concept as a "removal" of the wheel (wheeled disk). A simpler explanation is how much the wheel, relative to the midpoint, is made or recessed. Yes ... Hound. ... So, now I'll try it even easier. ...
Well, wheel or sticks out or hiding in a wheel niche.
More information can be found on the endless expanses of the Runet, if you set a phrase in the search engine, for example: "pick up the wheels".

Well, as a result, several useful tips obtained as a result of robble walks

1. In winter, ride on winter rubber (Axiom, is not discussed!).
2. When installing rubber on wheel disksIt should be paid to the designation of the direction of movement (usually indicated by such arrows \u003e\u003e\u003e, applied on the side of the rubber). Then it turns out that two wheels (if watching outside) will be with icons<<< , а два других >\u003e\u003e. Accordingly, the wheels are installed along different sides of the car, so that the arrows looked at the move.
3. Also, in rubber (especially on the summer rain), there may be pointers of the outer and inside of the tire. These tires mainly have an asymmetric protector. Take such rubber on discs, respectively.
4. Wheel bolts (nuts) are tightened. That is, after tightening the first nut, the next - which is opposite, and so on. In the "severe" case (if bolts, nuts - 5 pieces), then the next nut after any first, through one.
5. If you have a "secret" nut (bolt) at your wheel attachment, then the power tightening is made last time (tighten the handles - the foot is not recommended). When removing the wheel, we unscrew it first (I remember that, thank God, did not drag her foot!).
6. Store wheels (removed) follows in a vertical position, and not tolay the stack. It is advisable to pre-treat them with liquid silicone. Sold in aerosol cartridges, called " silicone Grease" After processing (simply spray all the rubber, like a deodorant :), the wheels become like new and rubber will not dry.

This is certainly not all wisdom - just what I remembered .... Additional tips of "experienced" are accepted in the comments.

The most expensive way, this is a trip to a wheeled supermarket, sparkling forged, cast discs and sweet, for the sense of car enthusiast, stinking by an import rubber. Here you will kindly offer a discount on the installation of wheels, all sorts of discount cards. What amount will fall out, one God and, probably, the senior seller is known.

You can, of course, wander through all kinds of markets and minor stores. Buy tires, and then discs. Following the costs of tireage and wheel balancing.

In my opinion, the most intelligent and economical way, become the owner of a set of winter (summer) wheels: this is a search and purchase of them on the Internet.
Give an advertisement for different Internet resources that you want to become the owner of a wheel kit assembly (on cast or iron disks - this is already from the volume of your wallet and ambitions).
Do not forget to indicate the size and landing dimensions. For example: "I will buy a set of winter wheels on cast discs R15 4x108, Little used, "and at the same time, do not forget to peck out the ads of other sellers.
For this method You can save up to 50% of the cost of the wheels. (Verified, works!)

To extract the maximum savings - you should search and buy, of course, not in the season shift the wheels.
Do the findings.

Like any other auto element, rubber is subject to external mechanical effects, which can affect its performance. Using cheap and low-quality tires, you not only expose yourself and your car danger, but also come into the frequent visit to the tire.

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What tires?

To this issue, each driver is suitable separately, based on its preferences and financial resources.

In addition, purchasing, for example, winter tires In the summer, you can save a lot of money.

Dismantling wheels with damaged tire

To remove the wheel, you will need a jack and a balcony key. For the tire process itself, water will need water with soap (in order to determine the place where the wheel is breaking through), as well as two special blades for mounting. Before replacing, you need to choose safe placewhere you will definitely believe that the car will not ride.

As a rule, the tires change before winter and spring, that is, during the offseason. Sometimes car enthusiasts are asked for help on tireage, but some do not want to spend extra money and change tires on their own.

In any case, even if you drive to this tireage, know how the process itself takes place, there must be every self-respecting motorist.

1. Lift the side of the car on which you will change the tire. When the distance between the tire and the ground is about 4 cm, take the baloon star and turn all the nuts alternately.
2. Put the wheel on the ground and wet the place of contact of the disk with a bus of soapy water. Take two blades: using them, you need to disrupt the rim from the landing place.
3. When you removed the bus, you need to decide what to do next: either change the camera to a new one, or it is necessary to put the place of damage and put it in place. Anyway, but the same method as you shot the bus, it must be installed in place. Carefully swipe it all over the perimeter of the disc using the mounting blades.
4. After that, mount the wheel in place and pump. Remember that it is better not to regret money once, but always ride on high-quality tires.