Extreme driving or contramitting preparation? What is the difference? Contrawaric driving courses Extreme courses.

Extreme driving - Fashionable, the combination of words today, and the relevant driving courses are greatly popular. But our experience in learning drivers shows that not all drivers need to be extreme driving and that people had a substitution of concepts. It often happens, a person wants to learn how to contraloan driving techniques in extreme situations and calls it extreme driving, which is not quite so. And it happens, the drivers are interested in precisely extreme driving, in the literal sense, but in the process of discussing the curriculum, it turns out that it is necessary. So I decided Mettre Les Points Sur Les I (put the points over "I"), to write about different types courses and driver skills and explain the difference between rates of extreme driving, contramitting preparation, safe driving courses and trouble-free driving.

Extreme driving courses

What is the essence?

Popular topic both among drivers and among my colleagues, training experienced drivers. What it is? I would call it "Quasi-Sport". These are courses where drivers learn from racer races or close to them. They are combined as follows:

• driving racers in the Rally
• driving with disabled electronic security systems
• regular use of manual brakes in motion
• unconventional driving methods and tricks:

Controlled drift

Police reversal

Turn "with a handman"

Turn and turns using rhythmic drift

Lack of practical benefits

Of course, these are interesting courses, give adrenaline, drive, open the new features of the car and the driver. But the main underwater stone of these courses is that learned extreme driving techniques are not applicable on public roads.

Well, imagine you drive around the garden ring, from the office home or carry a child to school. Will you turn off the stabilization system? Very doubt. You need to turn around - will you pull the "handbrake"? You need to turn on the traffic light right - you will pass a turn in the driven drift? And most importantly, how will all this help you when an emergency occurrence? Say, a pedestrian ran out on the road - will you make a police reversal? Or you immediately turn off on your BMW System Stabilization and add gas to drive around a person in driving? If at least one question you answered affirmatively, write me about it on E-mail, I would really like to look at it live :)))

Increase accidents

That is, the driver passed extreme driving courses, learned to super-receptions of the car control, but in fact it remained unarmed in front of real critical situations on the road. Comes out extreme driving courses do not have practical applicability and value. But the driver learned something! He best felt the car! He rose to a new stage of driver's skill! Yes, but the question: what does this lead to? And it leads to an increase in the self-assessment of the driver, the appearance of self-confidence and change the manner of driving towards greater risk and an increase in the number of emergencies. What, by the way, has long been confirmed by special research in Europe.

So we will make intermediate conclusions. Extreme driving courses increase the level of driver's skills, but do not have practical use on public roads and often lead to an increase in driver's self-esteem and level his accidents.

Why do you need extreme driving courses?

Do you need such courses in general? Yes, you need - why not? - People like it! All these unconventional driving techniques are interesting and really increase the feeling of the machine and the level of driver's skill. In our school there are such courses: "Drift art" (for rear and full drives) and "secrets of managed drift" (for front drive). There is still a course "Driving along a racing highway" where the racing technique of piloting and the movement of the car at the tire clutch limit with the road is being implemented. What is not extreme driving? Only, in our opinion, the preparation of drivers should not begin with these courses, but end them. And certainly these programs should not be the only ones in the training cycle. And what else should be in the program? Read on!

Contrawaric preparation

What is the essence?

Before switching to extreme driving courses or to the so-called courses of higher driver's skills, you need to get a database and pass courses of contraloan preparation. In which you can learn how to prevent critical situations and exit from them, if you all got into them. That is, contraloan driving - management of a car in critical situations that are often found on common roads.

The features of these courses are that ... In general, read the features of extreme driving courses again - everything is exactly the opposite :) Namely it includes:

• emergency braking in front of a sudden obstacle
• emergency trading obstacle - "Perestrovka", "Power Test"
• car Slide Prevention Receptions: Drive, Demolition, Rotation
• how to fit into the turn in case of exceeding speed?
• setting the right management skills with the included electronic security systems: ABS, ESP, etc.
• the absence of non-traditional and not applicable in the life of techniques:

Disable electronic systems

Use manual brakes

Driving in manageable drift

Police reversal

Reversal by 180 and 360 degrees using a hand brake or rhythmic drift

Practical benefit

As you can see the content of proper contraloancery preparation is maximally attached to real urban driving.. Accordingly, all contraloan techniques are applicable on public roads, and counter-level training courses themselves give tangible benefits and increase driving safety.

As for the self-assessment of drivers after passing the contraloan preparation, on our experience, it does not increase and becomes more adequate. Drivers deeper understand the degree of danger of the car and the need highest level Driving skills for complete control of the machine and the road situation. As a result, they start riding calmer, slower, carefully and do not abuse their capabilities.

Separate flies from the kitlet

Why did I use the expression "right contraloan preparation"? Because it happens and not quite correct. Often, my respected colleagues from other schools are issued for contraloague preparation Extreme driving courses. I do not want to criticize anyone and decline you for learning in our school, I will just say that you can determine exactly which courses offer you. Once again, read the features of extreme driving courses and contramitting training and find out what exactly is in the program of the course that you plan to pass. Is there a police turn? Are stabilization systems disconnected? Are the drivers "handblast" twitch in classes? If at least one answer "yes," it means it smacks extremalist. And if all the answers are positive, then it is definitely not counter-bypass preparation, but extreme driving courses that you would have said sales managers or instructors of these schools.

And here you can only decide whether it is necessary to go to this course and what you want to get from learning. If you want to learn how to make a police reversal, go and learn, let these courses and you are presented to you as contraloan. But if the task is to increase your level of driving safety and be armed with real road situations, then you are not exactly there.

In general, I will say that in Europe in the courses of contraavary training, no one has long been pulling the "handbrake" and is not engaged in all other extremal lyps. There people do not have fun, but increase road safety. And if someone needs to master the rally driving techniques, then there are special courses for this, but it has nothing to do with road ride.

Remember that when any such courses are passing on your own car, there is no insurance policy of the OSAGO, nor the policy of DSAGO, or the Casco Police. Therefore, all the risks of the possible accident lie on you, so be especially careful and attentive! Or pass through the courses on the school machine.

What is the result?

Extreme driving courses will give you an unconventional management skills that are used in the rally. Takes do not have applied on public roads, often increase the self-assessment of drivers, which leads to an increase in the accident.

Contrawaric preparation will give you emergency prevention skills that can occur on the road in real road traffic. In addition, as a result, drivers are deeper than aware of the risk of driving a car and become more adequate in self-esteem and more responsible and carefully driving.

In the next article, I will write about safe driving and trouble-free driving.

Contrawaric drivers - an important part of the car management. The ability to prevent dangerous situations and minimize emergency consequences is a necessary skill for all motorists. For those who want not just ride the car, but to do it "with the breeze", these skills are key. The smoke driving school is always preceded by learning extreme skills.

What is contramitting driving?

Contrawaric preparation of drivers is aimed at:

• learning the correct behavior of the driver on the road to prevent emergency, extreme situations;
• the formation of the skills of the right action, if an emergency or extreme situation arose, or there is a high risk of its occurrence.

Training in controvernmental driving includes the development of the following skills:

• landing driver;
• algorithm of sudden braking;
• effective sudden braking;
• taxiing when predicting an emergency;
• improving manageability in turn;
• traffic reverse;
• parking reversed.

Training listed skills is included in the course of all schools of contraloan or extreme driving.

Elements of contramitting drivers

Any training of contramitting driving begins with the correct landing of the driver. Well, when the driver feels driving comfortably and comfortable. However, the driver landing is, first of all, its safety and only in the second - comfort.

Emergency situations require a rapid response, which is possible only if the person's pose driving is correct.

The driver landing involves the following rules:

• with a straight line movement, the car should be in the upper steering sector - position 10-2 or 9-3;
• stay yourself from the habit of relying your hands on the door;
• avoid taxiing with one hand;
• keep your back smoothly, do not slouch driving;
• maximum straighten your hands in the elbows;
• cook with your chair as much as possible to the chair.

Following these rules will allow to respond quickly and efficiently when an emergency occurrence.

Algorithm of sudden braking

Brake must begin with ahead. This will allow to better control the situation, as well as have extra time to make the necessary extreme maneuvers.

It is estimated that as a result of the advanced transfer of the legs with the pedals of Gazi on the brake pedal, 0.2 C is saved, which reduces braking distances At a distance of up to 5 m. It is no secret that when an emergency is 2-3 m are critical, which are always lacking.

To have these 0.2 s at your disposal, follow the following scheme of action:

1. Let go of the gas pedal.
2. Move the leg on the brake pedal; Do not click on the pedal.
3. Start make a minimum effort on the brake pedal.
4. In case the road situation threatens to develop on a dangerous scenario, start full braking.
5. In the event of an emergency, start an emergency staggering braking.
6. If a safe stop is impossible, squeeze gas and make an emergency maneuver.
7. Stabilize a vehicle with a route.

Effective sudden braking

The most effective way of sudden braking with rectilinear movement vehicle It is intermittent (impulse) braking. It is always safer continuous.

Although it loses a little over the second time, intermittent braking allows you to better control the movement and, if necessary, take additional maneuvers.

Pulse braking is the optimal method with an unstable wheel clutch coefficient with expensive:

• under uneven canvas;
• on ice-snowing sites;
• in other situations, when the car goes into uncontrollable skid.

Intermittent braking is the alternation of energetic, but limited in time, braking and periods of wheels.

Basic rules for intermittent braking:

• avoid multiple braking;
• do not use rhythmic brake impulses;
• use a diagram with a repeated cycle "Brake Impulse - Disgrace";
• avoid a long brake force;
• when locking the front wheels, disbelieve;
• correct the direction of movement during the period of disbursement;
• brake impulses should be on the sections of a flat surface of the road, on which the grip of the wheels with the surface is maximally;
• each subsequent braking impulse must be more intense than the previous one, both for strength and duration.

With an increasing probability of loss of the car stability, you can never squeeze the brake, and only intermittent braking should be used.

Rouulation when predicting an emergency

The position of the hands when driving the car is fundamentally important to prevent the transition of the situation from critical in an emergency.

• Cool turn

Before a steep turn, the hands are moved from position 10-2 at 12-4 or 8-12, depending on the direction of rotation.

• High-speed driving with both hands

High-speed taxiing is carried out by a rapid steering wheel with cross-taking hands. For example, on the right side:

1. Sharply turn the steering wheel to the right to the position 12-4;
2. We continue the rotation of the steering wheel until the left hand turns out to be in position 4, the right hand captures the steering wheel with cross-capture in position 12;
3. We continue to rotate the steering wheel until the right hand turns out to be in position 4, the left hand is transferred to position 12.

The described scheme of taxiing on the lateral steering sector with alternate cross-captors with left or right-hand hands is the fastest and most reliable way of taxiing used for any extreme maneuvers.

When leaving the speed turning mode should not be released steering wheel And allow him to unwind in the opposite direction. When using this tactics, we always risk going to skid, as well as losing control over the movement of the vehicle.

As a result, the driver will not be able to take an emergency maneuver in the final phase of the exit of rotation.

On the contrary: it is required to save tight contact of the hands with the wheel, continuing the alignment of the machine.

• Movement with reverse

The driver transfers the left hand to position 12, turns the body to the right, due to which the best visual review is acquired, including what is happening behind the car.

• Turn 180 ° when moving forward

The left hand is in position 12. Right hand on the hand brake lever.

• Turn 180 ° when moving back

One of the hands goes to position 6. Deep grip with high elbow raised. Readiness for circular root rotation without intercepting.

• Countering critical drift

High-speed taxiing with both hands. The first turn is made sharply with one hand, saving time on the interception.

• Stabilization of the car during rotation

Left hand - in position 12. Right - on manual brake. Provocates sliding rear axis With compensation to the side opposite to rotation. For this, the left hand with the wheel goes to position 6 with a ready-to-cut steering wheel without intercepting.

Improving manageability in turn

In order to turn the rotation safely and without reducing speed, you need to load the front outer wheel with easy torture. At the same time, it should not completely cover the gas.

Recall that in the arc motion on the vehicle there is a centrifugal force, overloading the outer wheels and worsening the controllability of the machine.

Additional resolution front wheel Compensates the loss of manageability.

Consider several techniques to increase the controllability and stability of the car in turn.

• Anti-aliasing trajectories

The higher the speed of the vehicle, the higher the centrifugal force and the less it is stable. General rule Contrawaric School of Turns, Guarantees Great Safety, is the method of smoothing the trajectory. It is to make a turning arc as straightened as possible. For this:

• Included in the turn from the outer edge of the road;
• A sharp approach in a swivel arc with the direction of movement to the inner edge of the road;
• Upon reaching the apex - a smooth way out of the swivel arc to the outer edge of the road.

Additionally, smooth the trajectory of turn will help the departure of internal unloaded wheels on the roadside. Outdoor wheels retain good grip With expensive.

Consequently, the handling of the machine will remain satisfactory, and the passage of rotation is safer.

• Separation of the swivel arc by 2 turn

The trajectory of the swivel arc can always be divided into 2 or more segments. What is the condition for this need? For example, it can be any defect of the roadbed, a puddle, pit, etc. In order for the trajectory to not pass through a dangerous segment of turn, a steep turn is made, departure to a direct trajectory (a detour of a difficult area), again a steep turn and - a way out of the swivel trajectory.

• Early entrance

2 Features of the vehicle movement in turn should be highlighted:

1. the smaller radius of the swivel arc increases centrifugal strength and worsens the stability of the vehicle;
2. a smooth entry in turning almost always requires "Povytitude" in the Apex area, which also increases the likelihood of non-standard behavior of the machine (simply speaking, demolition).

Based on this, when driving is logical:

1. turn with a large radius of the swivel arc;
2. make a steep entrance to the turn;
3. do smooth out of turn.

Before entering the turn, you need to load the front wheels to the bracket.

Combining an earlier entry in turn and smoothing the trajectory allows you to straighten the trajectory of exit from the arc and, accordingly, to start an accelerated movement.

Movement with reverse

Any school of contraloan driving never bypasses the top of the back of the car. Reversed movement is characterized by the following features:

• vehicle is more maneuverable;
• in the turns at the rear train, the front of the car is significantly rejected into the outer side of the rotation.

The following contraloague tips on the movement by reversing will be useful:

• always move with minimal speed;
• at first control the movement directly through rear glass, half-screen body body and head back;
• carrying out a maneuver with a reverse, do not forget to control the front of the car;
• to adjust the trajectory, use the minimum rotation amplitude of the steering wheel.

Parking rear

Contrawaric training of drivers involves training by parking by reverse. Knowing the features of the machine's movement by reverse, if there is practices, it is not difficult to park in the variant of parallel parking between, for example, by machines.

Parallel parking with reversal:

1. The steering wheel is twisted towards parking.
2. When the inner edge of the car is in relation to the border line of the parking space in 45 °, the steering wheel is unscrewed in the opposite direction.
3. Check in part of the body to parking.
4. Trajectory Correction: Travel Forward, Humanging, Returning Movement.

Perpendicular parking with reversal:

1. Until the end to unscrew the steering wheel towards parking.
2. Moving reverse, align the car regarding parking spaces.
3. If necessary, carry out the correction of the trajectory.

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Full contraloan preparation - the pleasure is not cheap. However, all the surveyed skills and lessons will not only be sure to help you emergency situationsBut also help get greater pleasure and comfort when driving.

Competent instructor for contraloan preparation is a universal teacher. In addition to direct training, the skills of car management skills, he will recall the laws of physics, human physiology elements and will hold psychotherapy. Yes, the disciple will have to strain a gyrus, pass through the most natural and rooted psychological barriers, but all this work will allow him to completely actually perceive banal movement by car from point A to point B.

Feng Shui

Human physiology is very important in managing the machine. The first thing the instructor will force the student in the driver's seat. Virtually vertical position of the body and a small distance to the steering wheel - such a racing landing. However, there is nothing Spartan on the calibration.

№1. The vestibular apparatus of a person works perfectly at the vertical position of the body. Thanks to this, the driver can timely feel the beginning of the loss of a stable movement of the car (demolition embryos from drift). The reverse side of the medal is for example, I have problems with your back and she was sick for about a week, habitual to her new position. But after the training, the back is noticeably tired and worried about. Even a trip by car with frankly uncomfortable seats no longer delivers so much discomfort as before.

№2. Close position to the steering wheel - the key to the maximum speed of its rotation. This is extremely important in emergency maneuvers, there are even regulations for special service professional drivers: for a certain time you need to have time to turn the ram from the stop until the stop certain number. Even with the right landing will have to practice for the sake of good resultAnd if it is wrong to sit down, it is definitely not to meet.

№3. Only when you can accurately lay the trajectories of the movement, whether it is a turn or emergency trail. In this case, the driver feels well the adhesion of the front wheels with the road surface. This feedback is important not to lose when you have to rotate the steering wheel to large corners. In this case, intercepting the steering wheel, it is important to keep the correct position of the hands.

With the wrong landing behind the wheel, the feeling of the car is dulled, and the actions of the driver will not be accurate enough. It is clearly visible, for example, with a speed driving snake on the site. But as soon as the instructor comes to the student the essence of the problem and puts it correctly, the result will immediately improve.

№4. Additionally improve the quality of the driver's maneuvers will help the use of the site under the left foot. At one time, for me it became a revelation. With sharp maneuvers, especially with seats without pronounced lateral support and with conventional three-point straps, the driver is imperceptible for herself begins to hold onto the steering wheel. Accordingly, the quality of work with the wheel drops greatly. However, it is necessary to rest over the left foot in the site, and the same snake can be driving at much greater speed.

Syndrome

The psychology of a person is very cunning. Several, it would seem, natural and logical instincts of self-preservation often lead to deplorable results. For example, it is even important where the driver's look is directed.

№5. Whatever the skills have a driver, he will always come there, where it looks. In no case cannot focus on the obstacles in its course. Mysteriously, this psychological nuance makes any actions be performed, except the right one. That is why even on a spacious snowy platform, you can always come to the only pillar, purposefully training or just getting pleasure from riding sideways!

№6. Probably the most dangerous psychological reflex - to urgently slow down to the last. Maximize the speed is definitely important. However, it is also necessary to be able to release the brake so that the braking does not prevent the proper maneuver correctly. This nuance did not lose its relevance even with the arrival of systems currency stability and the simplest anti-lock brake system ABS.

With a sharp braking by car, which is deprived even the simplest electronic ABS helper, is a great risk of blocking the front wheels. In this case, it is useless to turn the steering wheel - the car will continue to move in a straight line. ABS and retain the ability to control the car in various conditions, but do not cancel the laws of physics. Longitudinal forces (acceleration and deceleration) and transverse (rotation) are constantly operating on the front wheels. Their interaction characterizes the Camma circle. For example, the wheel blocked during braking (excessive longitudinal force) is no longer able to transmit any turning force (transverse force). Therefore, even with the absorption of ABS, the brake pedal is kept in the floor highly increases the rotation radius. And on the contrary, no assistants will make the car fit into the turn when the speed of the machine is too high.

Complicated for perception The laws of physics to the student is best forcing the exercise "Perestrovka". It repeats the well-known "enemy test", but provides intensive braking before driving the obstacles. The instructor puts cones in such a way that it is very difficult to fit into the artificial framework. Need to act for sure. If you do not release the brake pedal before turning the steering wheel, even if there is electronic assistants car will go on a broader arc and demolish a pair of plastic limiters.

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The main rule when hitting the drift is not a brambos! And no, we are not about the inexperience of the driver, but about the fact that sharply blocked wheels completely deprive the driver of the opportunity to control the machine. There are only 2 ways to cope with the drift, and for each type of drive they are their own.

IN website We are sure that you know these methods, but a couple of secrets from extreme driving specialists, we still prepared you.

Where to wait danger

• Most of all the rolled ice where most often slowed down - before turning, pedestrian transitions, entrances to bus stops. Special attention is paid to bridges, tunnels, entrances and congresses from the overpass. Move is best there at a constant speed, but to slow down in advance.
• In winter, a distance with ahead of the car should be 2 more than in the summer. But it's not worth behind, otherwise someone will definitely decide to wed up, and this risk is immediately for 3 participants of the movement.

• Do not look only on the car in front of you. Try to keep it in sight, but look further - on 4-5 cars ahead. So you will see dangerous areas of the road even before they get a car, followed by.
• In winter, it is worth abandoning the habit of simultaneously with the brake pedal to harrow the clutch pedal. In this case, the car stops only due to brake shoeswhich can block the wheels, and then the car will go into a skid.

Machine owners with abs. Anti-lock brake system (AVS) is an extremely useful feature of most foreign cars, which neutralizes dramatically squeezed into the floor brake pedal on the nonsense track. Instead of a sharp braking, the system causes the pedal vibration, while you can rotate the steering wheel, entering the rotation or returning the machine to the right place.

Owners of cars without the ABS. Extreme Driving Instructor best way Brakes in winter conditions are considered combined: simultaneously with the work of the brake pedal stop the car engine (include reduced gear). It should be slowed down impulse - alternate a series of short press on the brake pedal with full unlocking wheels.

3 types of skid

1. Slip: The front axle is stable, the rear slides, the car turns to a larger angle than expected.
2. Demolition: rear wheels Stable, and the front slide, when turning the car makes movement in a straight line.
3. Full destabilization: All 4 wheels will slide, the direction of movement is not predicted.

How to get out of drift

If the car went to the skid - do not brake.

If you have rear-wheel drive car - you need to lose gas with a while turning the steering wheel towards driving

If you have front-wheel drive Car - add gas.

When the car left the drift, you need immediately Return the steering wheel to the "right" position, otherwise she will go to the new skid already in the other direction.

Takes and tricks

Checking the road. Leaving winter road, Many times sharply press and release the brake pedal. If the car "pecks the nose" - the clutch with the road is excellent if there are no slowts and hear how the tires are drunk in the yose - the road is covered with ice. This should be done as often as possible (without creating emergency situations, of course).

Formula "Double division". If in the summer you are flying at this section of the road at a speed of 100 km / h, then in winter there is a crawling 50 km / h. In the turn, they were part of 80, in the winter, reset to 40. Then I definitely do not fly to the sideline and you can respond in time to the skid.