How the diesel engine fuel filter is arranged and running. Why diesel fuel filter? Fuel filters for diesel car

09.11.2019

I will not open America if I say that gasoline fuel filters and diesel engines Have some differences. They are due to the difference in the properties of gasoline and diesel fuel and the design of fuel systems in general. Let's start with fuel.

In Solyark, there is such a substance - paraffin. And one of the parameters of diesel fuel is the temperature of the clouding, that is, the beginning of the crystallization of paraffin. When decreasing paraffin temperature, naturally scores the fuel filter. In this case, the engine is more complicated (sometimes impossible at all), and the car rides it does not matter. This is especially true for summer diesel fans in winter: the filter can generally score to death. In short, the diesel engine fuel filter should somehow cope with this paraffin harness, the gasoline is saved from this.

Another feature is due to the fact that there is water in the diesel fuel (yes, as we did not like it, it is always). It is impossible to let the water in the fuel equipment, the filter is simply obliged to delay it. Therefore, there are sumps in filters, which allow weaving water to merge. Sometimes there are even water sensors that sign about high H 2 O content in fuel.

Well, how does the feature of the diesel fuel system affect the filter design? Firstly, diesel filter Must retain solid particles of such sizes that are not dangerous to a gasoline motor, but can be ruined fuel pump high pressure (TNLD) and engine nozzles.

In the pump, there are precision details (for example, a pair of a sleeve plunger) having micron gaps. And these couples may not only have no filtered abrasive particles. They are lubricated by the diesel fuel themselves, and the saving water that has fallen just flushes. What happens with the details that work without lubrication, you already guess: an increase in roughness, an increase in the gap (sometimes it can be jammed), and in the future - the yield of the node is out. But the TNLD some cars can cost no cheaper Boeing's closure, which is very sad.

As you can see, the diesel engine is very picky to the state of the filter. Let's see how he changed and, maybe we will learn to change it yourself (although sometimes it is not worth doing this). For example, we take a fairly popular car in Russia Renault Duster., famous in narrow circles as "Duster Dieselo". Under his hood, turns the pistons tested by time and dwellers a semi-liter K9K, issuing 109 liters on new cars. from. The fact that the motor has gained a good reputation, can be judged by the growth of sales of diesel dstruses in Russia: from a modest 5% at the beginning of sales up to 20% to date. Diesel is generally good, but the filter is still changing.

Half an hour without a rush

Renault designers groaned the filter from the playful handles of the owners quite reliably: downstairs behind the right front wing. That is, we will have to remove the wheel and subsidence. And best do it on the lifting. If you don't have it (and the intuition suggests me that it is not from most readers), it will be very uncomfortable to work - this is one of the reasons to perform work in the service. But let's say that there is a lift. Then raise the car and remove the wheel - nothing is complicated.

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Now we get up for the lingers. Along the arch of the wing, we unscrew the screws and try not to be understood. Inside the locker is attached by pistons. It is better to remove them carefully, each individually costs not too much, but if everything is broken, it will be offensive (and expensive). After the liner is pulled out from the arch, the filter itself will open our curious outcreet.

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More precisely - casing. The filter itself is inside, and we still have to get to it. To do this, we take the head and unscrew the casing fastening bolts. Before pulling out the filter itself, disconnect the connector of the water sensor from it from below and the connector of the heating element (there is one here, it does not allow to climb the fuel in the filter in the frost). Now you can remove the cover of the housing. Top to the filter fit fuel tubes, they will also have to be disconnected.

Along the way, it will be necessary to resolve the question not only technical, but also ethical: separated by the pipes are determined by the diesel fuel. ATTENTION, QUESTION: Where to pour it? We do not need to water her land, we have ecology without so-so. Therefore, we prepare the fuel capacitance in advance, we will need it later. So, the filter is in our hands. On the daster, only the filter element is changing, so we will get on disassembly of the filter body.

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The first will remove the water sensor, which is screwed into the case. Then unscrew the bolts and remove the housing cover. Then knock the cartridge (filtering element), for which we started the replacement of which we started all this fun. If it does not work out through the hole of the water level sensor, we take pliers and pull it on the other side. And now we take a bunch of clean napkins (only without a pile) and begin to clean the filter housing.

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The main task is to wipe everything dry, and even if there was water in the filter (and she was exactly there), there should be no trace from it. The service specialist uses compressed air for drying, but it is unlikely that the ordinary motorist in the garage has a compressor, so that we clean and enjoy any available means available. And as soon as everything starts to glue from an unprecedented purity, proceed to the assembly.

Please note: the housing cover has a rubber sealing ring. It cannot be reused, but it is in the set of a new filter. Colek smaller will rise under the water sensor. In order to tighten this sensor, the tool is not needed - everything is done by hand, but from the soul.

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Well, now it remains only to put everything in place. The main thing is not to confuse fuel tubes. We wear the water and heater sensor connections, put the cover of the casing. We return to the right place of the subsidence and put the wheel. Now I lower the car from the lift and do not forget to stretch the stiletto wheels. The work is done? Not yet.

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Diesel fuel system, like nature, does not tolerate emptiness. And Many thanks to the creators of Duster, who put a pear on this car to pump the system. It is not very convenient to use it, but it is much better than to crash into the system for pumping fuel. We find a pear behind the right headache and begin to pump fuel. You may have to download for a long time, but in the end you will feel that the air does not remain in the system.

Now you can run the engine. We have it at once, it's immediately, but if you hung up with the filter yourself, and after turning the key of the desired "TR-TR-TR-TR" did not hear, then take a pear and swing on: the air was not all. Of course, if everything else you have collected correctly.

What else to know about the filter

The fuel filter on the diesel duster must be changed on each second, that is, every 30 thousand kilometers. Previously, the interval between that was 10 thousand, but from recently it was increased to 15 - this is quite enough. Does there make sense to change the filter more often?

By and large, no. Unplanned replacement Only in one case is needed: if you refrain, and something after that went wrong. The receptionity has decreased, the sound of the engine work has changed, in one word, the car began to feel worse than before refueling. But here, unfortunately, one replacement can not do.

First of all, we must try to get rid of poor quality fuels. To do this, you will have to get to the nearest good (this is a prerequisite condition!) Gas station and add so much fuel to the tank, how much will fit in it. Then ride also to add the following at least 5-10 liters. After that, the filter is better replaced, even if the problem is gone. Another thing is if the control lamp of the electronic system of the car lights up (in colloquial speech is called "saw"). It is impossible to pull here - it is necessary to go to the service urgently.

Since our main enemy is water, it is possible to periodically get rid of it. In not too launched cases will help the moisture identifier (dehydrator), but it is not necessary to rely too much.

Powder one more button accordion, stating that the tank should not be kept empty - so less chances to get water in the form of condensate. It's not about this, but about the filter. On many filters, including our, there is a sump. It accumulates water, which can be merged from there. On our experimental passaster for this you need to unscrew the water level sensor from the bottom of the filter, and the water is found.

Diesel fuel, as well as ordinary gasoline, at the gas station of the Russian Federation is a fuel low quality. Usually, 1 ton of substance accounts for about half a kilogram of various impurities. At first glance, the number of third-party fractions is not great, but it is important to understand that over time, the use of such fuel can seriously damage a number of vehicles of the car. The most sensitive to the adverse effects of "dirty" fuel diesel motors and their fuel system. In order to minimize the possible risks of damage along the previously mentioned reason, the automotive engineers were introduced into the design of machines on the diesel fuel filters of a special structure. More detail about their device, principles of work, importance for vehicle and other nuances concerning the fuel filters on a diesel engine, let's talk in the article below.

Device and principle of operation

The diesel fuel filter is similar to its "collections" performs one main function - filtering entering the engine and fuel system Fuel. According to the principle of organizing fuel purification, all cars on the diesel engine are quite similar. General principle This procedure is as follows:

Fuel enters the tank, where a part of large impurities remains at its bottom, as a precipitate, and the other is filtered off using a special large-scale grid located at the output (less often at the entrance) of the gas tank.
Then the fuel is sent on fuel lines on the line, after which it falls into a coarse filter, conducting filtration of fuel from moisture and impurities, the size of at least 0.5-1 mm.
Having passed the coarse cleaning, the diesel enters the fine filter filter, which, in turn, brings the fuel to the maximum pure state, cleaning it from a number of small impurities. How fuel will be clean on the approach to the motor, is determined based on how the dimension in the cells of the filter element. On the diesel, it is measured in microns and, as a rule, the most small as possible in order to carry out high-quality fuel purification.

On the different models Auto with diesel equipment Fuel filters have a different design and organization of work. The most popular among the types of fuel filters knots arranged:

either a solid detail, that is, the filtering element of fine cleaning, and - coarse filtration is combined into one module;

either two different nodes, that is, a fine and coarse filter - separate parts from each other;

either as an integral part of other elements of the fuel system of the car on the diesel (fuel pump, the level of the fuel sensor, etc.).

It is worth noting that regardless of the method of organization, the fuel filter for a diesel engine has a significant difference from similar parts, but on petrol engines. It concludes that in diesel fuel films there is a special container in which all filtered moisture is condensed and requires periodic cleaning from the owner of the car. A similar feature is largely related to the fact that diesel fuel contains a lot more moisture than gasoline, therefore the content is large enough in it and when entering the fuel distribution mechanisms or even the motor can cause irreversible breakdowns. In addition to the tank for moisture collection, special heating elements are often mounted in a diesel filter, which in cold weather protect the filter element from freezing due to a considerable amount of moisture contained in it.

Important! Excessive moisture in the fuel filter on the diesel is capable of calling the engine detonation, so when signals appear on dashboard Or own detection of a large amount of moisture in a special container, it must be immediately eliminated.

Signs of pollution of fuel filter on a diesel engine

In most models with a diesel engine - Toyota Prado 150, UAZ Patriot, Ford Mondeo 4, Mitsubishi Pajero 4, Kia Soul, Ford Cuga and many others, the fuel filter is designed in such a way that it is not possible to check the condition of its filtering elements. As a rule, fuel filters on diesel engines are an unintended node requiring a solid replacement and having an opaque case. Considering this fact, Quite the question arises - "How to find out that the filter is time to change?".

It is not so difficult to answer this, because to determine the degree of contamination of the fuel filter on the diesel engine, it is enough to carefully trace the behavior of the car. With the "scored" filtering element or excessive availability in it, the car will begin:

bad start;
do not pull, that is, a pronounced power loss will be observed;
twitch, troop and slow down in the process of movement;
unstable to work on idle;
work with a noticeable detonation of the motor;
"Eat" more fuel.

During the problem, it is with a fuel filter that the symptoms presented above will be increasing, that is, to increase gradually. Knowing such a feature, you can easily distinguish a poorly working diesel filter from other problems in the fuel system.

In addition to the signs of the car, it is worth considering and regulated by manufacturers the deadlines for the service of diesel fuel filters. They depend on what type of filter is used on a specific unit. In most cases, the deadlines are:

for ordinary outdoor type filters (differently - "barrels") - no more than 20,000 mileage kilometers;

for filter cartridges - from 60,000 to 120,000 mileage kilometers.

The second type of filtering elements is usually used on diesel carsmobiles from Japanese, Korean and American manufacturers, and more simple filters are often equipped with cars with a two-class diesel engine (Ford, Kia, Hyundai, Chevrolet, etc.).

Important! When previously specified signs and expiration of the service life, the fuel filter must be immediately replaced. Otherwise, its pollution provokes more serious breakdowns in other vehicles of the car.

Why dangerous use "scored" filter on diesel

Previously, it was noted that it was noted that the contaminated filter on the diesel engine is quite dangerous. Similar words are not exaggerated, but the real statement of facts. In many ways, this phenomenon is due to the fact that:

first, the fuel system of the diesel engine is arranged in such a way that it is extremely sensitive to impurities in the combustion;
secondly, diesel fuel contains a huge amount of moisture, which, occasionally in the engine, is able not simply to reduce its service life, but also to "kill" the motor.

Based on this information, you can create a basic list of those damage that will appear when using the "cradle" fuel filter on the diesel. The list is:

breakdown of the fuel distribution mechanism (analogue of the injector and carburetor on gasoline engines);
failure of fuel cells, fuel lines and other elements of the highway, on which unclean fuel comes;
malfunction of the engine and its internal nodes, which are caused by detonation due to the abundance of moisture in a stuel.

Important! Do not forget to replace the diesel fuel filter - this is not so difficult and relatively fast. But fighting problems that appeared after using a defective node will be much more complicated. Therefore, we strongly recommend that you carry out the replacement of such an important detail in the system of diesel cars.

Filter location

Now that all readers understood how fuel filters for diesel engines are important and necessary, you can consider the procedure for replacing them. First of all, it is worth carefully studying the location of this node. In this regard, diesel cars are also different. Toler filters on dieselle are installed two different ways. Let's consider every possible option:

First. The node is mounted in the fuel pump and is located in the gas tank. To get to it, you will have to access Baku any possible method. As a rule, it is necessary to remove the rear sofa in the car's cabin. After that, you can start repairing a node. Such an organization of the fuel filtration work is often used on newer diesel vehicles (Ford Mondeo 4, Mitsubishi Pajero 4, Kia Soul, etc.).

Second. Diesel fuel filter is located separate nodes. In this case, it is also difficult to find a knot to find a knot - it is enough to open the hood, or look under the benzobak and find a characteristic "barrel" for him - this is a fuel filter. A similar option is the location of the node is not uncommon for both old models of diesel engines and for new (UAZ Patriot, Ford Cuga, etc.).

The location of the diesel fuel filter largely depends on how it will be replaced, as far as this procedure is complex and that in its process will have to be implemented. In any case, the repair of this kind does not constitute anything difficult, so if it is necessary to address it, you can avoid any special problems.

Replacement

So, directly replacing the fuel filter on the diesel engine is carried out in two stages:

Preparatory activities.
Repair itself.

For a better understanding of the whole of the procedure, let's consider each of the steps in more detail.

Preparation

First of all, it is necessary to prepare for replacement. The list of preparatory activities includes:

Buying a new filtering element, type and accurate variation of which are determined taking into account the model of the car in each case. The most convenient to acquire filters, if you know the article. For example, the original node on the Renault Duster with Diesel has the following designation - 8200813237. Do not forget that in the case when the filter is mounted in the fuel pump, it is desirable to change the entire module, and not separate parts.
Collection required toolwhich includes:

set of wrenches;
several screwdrivers (usually slotted);
capacity for fuel drain;
rag;
if necessary, a jack, a fastening clamp, tweezers for removing fuses and so on.

Preparation of the car. At this stage, it is necessary to put the car in a simple place, get extra things from it and, if necessary, carry out additional procedures to give it proper to repair.
Ensuring safety safety. At the final stage of preparation, it is important to eliminate the existence of open sources of fire near the repair site and put it near the last fire extinguisher, because the work will take place with a flammable, which is easily ignited.

After simple preparatory procedures, you can proceed to replace the fuel filter of your diesel engine.

Process

As noted earlier, replace the fuel filter on a diesel engine for any car owner. The main thing is that he possesses the basic skills of the car repair and knew some subtleties of this procedure. With the first our resource is not able to help, but to familiarize readers with the replacement process - quite.

Properly reset the pressure in the fuel system of your car. It is necessary to do this, since, otherwise, when dismantling the old filter, it flows a huge amount of fuel. Pressure reset can be carried out in two ways:

First - through mounting block. To do this, it is enough to turn off the battery and find a fuse in the block that is responsible for the electric suction of the fuel pump and then dismantle it. Then get the engine and let it work until it stalls. After that, connect the battery, the starter "scroll" a couple of times, turn off the battery and return the fuse to the place.
The second is through the fuel pump block. In this case, instead of the fuse, the block of supplying the previously mentioned node is dismantled and the above-described algorithm of actions is carried out.

Having dropped pressure in the system, you can proceed to further replacement stages.

Now, you need to find the fuel filter on your car and dismantle it. The procedure at this stage depends on what exactly you have a diesel model:

After the previously specified procedures, it remains only to install a new fuel filter. For these purposes, it is necessary to carry out a set of measures, inverse removal process. After that, the car is important to lead to the original state and start it, let's work for a few minutes. Repair is over.

Important! If, after replacing the diesel fuel filter, fuel heaters appeared, be sure to repeat the above repair algorithm described above and correct the existing shortcomings. As a rule, problems are associated with incorrect fastening Topball and other fuel system nodes.

Do not forget that repairing the fuel system of any car is an extremely responsible event, which is important competently, taking into account all its nuances. Otherwise, the risk of harvesting the car or withdraw other nodes is large enough. Moreover, incorrectly conducted fuel system repair can provoke a fireWhat is extremely dangerous for both the driver and passengers. Therefore, in the presence of any doubt in its competence, it is better to give up his own replacement of the filter on a diesel engine and trust it with professionals with a hundred.

In general, the procedure for such a repair is not so complicated and quite spent by each car owner. The main thing in its process is to adhere to the previously presented information and do everything competently. We hope the article gave answers to your questions. Good luck in repair and roads!

Video on the replacement of the fuel filter on the diesel:

Fuel filter - One of the inconspicuous consumables in the car, which provides a good, and most importantly, the long operation of the engine. His appointment is such: remove from the fuel of the car (gasoline, gas, diesel) solid particles, water, as well as dust, paraffins, and indeed everything that can bring the fuel mixture with it.

High-quality filter guarantees long and sound operation. Immediately make a conclusion: I do not save on the fuel filter, you reduce the possible cost of repairing the engine.

Principle of operation and possible malfunctions

The fuel filter is conveniently located between the fuel tank and the engine, and in the old car it is right in front of the carburetor. Filters for diesel cars are equipped with a membrane that contributes to the separation of water from the incoming diesel engine. Car enthusiasts should be remembered that the old fuel filter cannot be cleaned independently, so you have to buy a new one.

On the "scored" filter indicates the following:

The dynamics and power of the car decreased;
Fuel consumption rose;
Uneven operation of the motor.

Describes the Filter Fault Next Situation: You want to make a maneuver at high speeds, somehow overtaking, but when you press the gas pedal, the turns did not increase (Troit Motor). Another option: You simply stole a traffic light.

The design of the simplest filter includes a housing with a filtering element installed. The fuel, moving along the inlet pipe, falls inside the housing, the particles are filtered out in it, after which it moves along the exhaust pipe. The filter element itself is complicated or stupid, or wound on the helix (filtering in this case is better).

The most advanced filters inside contain a special cellular material. Moving deep into the filter, the fuel is cleaned gradually - large particles are separated from it, then smaller.

On the importance of the filter

Injectors injector DVS A sharp react to the purity of fuel. They quickly postponed dust, dirt, paraffins, sulfur and much more. Discovery necessary number Fuel is observed power loss, and even the failure of a separate nozzle.

The fuel filter is especially important for car owners in Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. The fact is that our fuel is inferior to European in quality. In gasoline and diesel, specialists notice the impurities in the laboratory, and car enthusiasts are aware of their presence on the road. Try to explore your fuel filter and evaluate how much dirt would be on nozzles, pistons and wall walls in the absence of this filter itself. You can see:

Mud. This speaks of a high percentage of asphaltenes and resins in fuel;
Black dust. Speaks about the presence of manganese additives;
Wavely curvature. In the fuel there is a large number of water;
Black mucus. The fuel turned out to be fungus, bacteria.

We summarize: the fuel filter is vital, do not save on it.

We understand with the replacement time

This helps the manufacturer. Examine documents for the car, or contact a specialist for a hundred. The last option is preferable if you are used to refueling on various gas stations and are not sure as fuel. In general, European cars need to replace the fuel filter on average every 20,000 kilometers if the engine is gasoline, and every 50,000 kilometers, if diesel. On the expanses of the aforementioned countries, this distance may be twice as smaller.

Another option is to replace early. It is enough to remove the filter and see how clogged corrugations and how much he collected a black fly. Again, the quality of gasoline on domestic gas stations leaves much to be desired, so we advise you to periodically check your filter and reinsured by conducting early replacement. Believe me, the engine of your car will be only better.

What types of fuel filters are found

Classification is simple and understandable. It has the following structure:

Carburetor. Very simple filters designed to work in high pressure systems. Do not pass particles up to 15 microns in size;
Injector. Designed for a wide range of pressures. Hidden in a very durable case, provide a thin cleaning of the incoming fuel. Delaying litter of up to 10 microns;
Diesel. Complex filters that are able to delay both small particles and paraffin, water. Modern filters detain all particles whose size is at least 5 microns;
Gas (for cars with HBO). Clean gas from impurities.

Filters for diesel cars

About fuel filters for a diesel engine is worth talking separately. The fact is that such a fuel system is very sensitive to impurities in fuel, and in particular to water. Water in low-quality filters goes on into the injection system, disturbing the combustion process and contributing to corrosion.

Filters for diesel fuel We must maintain their properties at temperatures below 0C. In the dieselle, paraffin is crystallized, scoring the usual filter. Often found on sale special filters Control the temperature of the incoming fuel. If such control is not provided in them, there will be viscous diesel fuel with paraffin crystals through them, which is why the filter is clogged. The engine in this case loses power, can stumble.

About the complexity of choice

As in the case of many other spare parts, check with the "Letter", which is pregnant to your car. The characteristics of the purchased filter must match the outlined manufacturer. Namely: linear dimensions, drop-down subtlety, engine type and its volume.

Subtlety dropout - The number of sera, the dimensions of which are determined by the filter manufacturer, delayed by the filter itself. It is customary to designate in percent. The following levels are distinguished: medium, nominal, absolute.

Middle drops - the filter will be detained 50% of particles having a certain size;
Nominal - similarly, but 95% of particles are delayed;
Absolute - 100% of particles are sifted.

So, let's try to decipher what the fuel filter manufacturer writes. It is written: "Nominal subtlety dropout with 10 microns." We read this: "The filter delays 95% of unwanted particles (5% will go further on the system), whose linear dimensions are at least 10 microns."

Brief excursion on brands

Cheap: Bosch, Hengst (Germany), Blue Print (United Kingdom), UFI (Italy), Puflux (France). The share of the market of the above-mentioned brands is committed to 70%

Also pay attention to the following budget filters: PROFIT, WIX, STARLINE (Czech Republic, Poland). The quality of their filters is not the highest, but meets the set of standards.

Determine the fake

We have already said that cheap filters should be at the bottom of the shopping list of the motorist. However, the budget Starline can be delivered to the car, but the fake is in no case. Determine what is that, it is not difficult:

Appearance. On the filter housing you can find the article, engraving or stamping (on metal or plastic, respectively), manufacturer's logo, and the product number;
Price. Fuck too cheap fuel filters that fall in price during holidays 2 times. The price is repeated below the estimated level will never fall, the discounts up to 35% are already very rare;
Gaskets. The manufacturer uses sealing elements that are practically not reacting to fuel. The shape of the gasket must be correct. Fake filters often do not have any gaskets in the places of connecting hoses with the filter itself;
Packaging. A serious manufacturer spends money not only on the product, but also on its packaging. First, you should rush the company's logo and her name. Secondly, the seal is high quality. Thirdly, the design as a whole should be catchy and memorable, in ordinary white boxes you will not find the original filter;

Build quality. Inside the filter, nothing rustles and does not hang out. All items are well collected if they need to be glued - they are glued well;
Metal processing. Equipment used at official plants make it well to process metal. It will not be scratches, chips, burstles. By the way, plastic cases are already hinting at a shameless fake - this material simply does not withstand high pressure in the system.

How to determine the quality of the product?

Even large plants sometimes produce defective auto parts. In the case of filters to the listed items below, you can also determine the fake, albeit relatively well executed:

Paper quickly clogged with solid particles. By the way, it is worth periodically removing a filter and visually study it. If some part of the filter quickly clogged, you can be sure: products will be enough for 10 thousand kilometers a maximum;
Poor quality of the paper itself. It is almost impossible to determine visually. The essence is that small veins will be separated from the filter element, then entering the fuel system;
Low winding density. Explicit savings on materials. If the winding density is low, the filtering quality will strive for zero.

Poor-quality filters perform their task, but they have to change more often High quality.

Output

A competently selected fuel filter will avoid problems in the long-term operation of the engine. It is especially important if you know little about the quality of fuel on the gas station, the services of which you are used to use.

If you complain to the engine during the inspection, the masters are likely to explore consumables. They are learn old filter And they will say whether it is worth buying a similar in the future. The best of your helpers in the choice of fuel filter will be specialists, manuals for operation and knowledge of the foregoing.

Despite the continued increase in quality standards, mechanical impurities and pollution (particles of corrosion formations, dirt) are almost always present in diesel fuel or gasoline (particles of corrosion formations, dirt. To eliminate them, as well as to protect the system from water (condensate), fuel filters are used to the combustion chamber. The absence of the latter provokes premature wear of the fuel pump, as well as the injectors of the injection system.

Design and species

In the overall design of the car, the fuel filter can be located:

in fuel tank;
under the bottom of the car;
in the windscarette space.

Construction of coarse and thin cleaning fuel filters

Modern systems Fuel purification have from 2 to 4 steps. First, the fuel is a coarse fuel filter, which removes large fractions visible to the naked eye. Further, it enters the fuel purification filter, where microparticles are removed representing the greatest danger due to their abrasive properties.

Fuel filter design Next:

Mesh elements.
Sealed and heat-resistant housing. It can be transparent, which makes it possible to understand when changing the fuel filter. The housing can be made of steel or polymers, which is determined by the level of pressure in the system.
Entrance and output fittings. In some constructions, an additional fitting (reducing valve) may be provided for resetting fuel in the case of increased pressure in the system.

By quantity of use, fuel filters are divided into the following types:

Collapsible (reusable) - filter elements are made of brass or ceramics. Such structures are simply washed with dirt.
Inspection (disposable) - filtering elements are made of fabric or crepe paper. This type is used for fine cleaning.

Features of the filtration system for different types of engines

Filters can have a number of differences depending on the fuel used. So for gasoline engines It is required to filter the particles of no more than 10-15 μm. For cleaning diesel fuel, it is important not only the capture of small particles, but also protection against water from entering water.

Purification systems for gasoline engines

Fuel pump with filter

Filters of coarse purification of gasoline engines are usually collapsible and are a housing with a grid inside, which can have cells of various diameters. They are installed in the following places:

on the neck - the largest cells;
in the housing of the submersible fuel pump (fuel plate) - medium-sized cells.

The principle of operation of the fuel filter of coarse cleaning is as follows:

Fuel from the tank passes through the grid.
The grid catches large particles, passing on the output only purified gasoline.

Fine cleaning filters in injector system Installed in the fuel tank or next to it. The filter element is located in the housing and can be laid "star" or "spiral". Spiral styling allows you to increase the service life and provides a higher degree of cleaning. The difference from the work of the coarse cleaning system is that the curtains used are holding smaller particles.

Cleaning systems for diesel engines

The diesel fuel filtering system, as a rule, consists of several stages:

Initial cleaning directly in the tank. Performs the setting of the grid at the output.
Sustainer (separator).
Filters of coarse cleaning of diesel fuel.
Thin cleaning.

Filter-sump

Fuel filter-sump allows separating water. Constructively, such systems have a special valve at the bottom of the body, designed to reset the water. They work according to the following principle:

Fuel is fed to the housing through the distributor.
The diesel fuel flows down into the sedator for plating water (it is heavier) in the fuel filter and large fractions of impurities.
The fuel is fed up by passing through the grid, in which cleaning also occurs.
The fuel is given and fed into the system.

To improve work in the fuel filter device diesel engine A special water sensor can be installed.

The feature of diesel fuel is also sensitivity to temperature differences. At a reduced temperature, the paraffin crystallization occurs, which clogs the entire system. To eliminate this phenomenon, the fuel filter for a diesel engine may have a heater in its design. It can be installed on the fuel system. In addition, the heater can be replaced by using conductive paper as a filtering element.

To determine where the fine cleaning filter in a diesel system is located, it is necessary to find the fuel pump and set the location by the pipeline from it. Structurally, it does not differ from the petrol filters of fine cleaning.

When to change and how to install

The frequency of fuel filter replacement is indicated in the manufacturer's instructions. This parameter can vary from 10,000 km to 70,000 km of run. If the Star laying is used, the filter is replaced at least than every 24,000 km of run. With a "spiral" laying - from 40,000 km.

Installing the fuel filter by arrow

There is also a few signs that the filter has been hammered:

it makes it difficult to rise on the elevation;
observed the engine power decline;
increases fuel consumption;
motor operation becomes uneven;
the engine stalls.

If the fuel filter assumes a reusable use, it is disassembled and washed with kerosene or tool for cleaning carburetors. It can also be bleated with compressed air. Disposable models simply change new ones. An arrow filter is installed on the housing, which shows the direction of movement of fuel in the system. It should go from the fuel pump to motor compartment (engine). If the arrow is missing, the output can be determined on the rolling.

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