How to choose alloy wheels? How to choose wheels from what drives are made on the car.

Currently, the most common type of alloy disks for the car are alloy wheels. They are most popular among motorists not only in Russia, but also beyond. Given what they are produced in large quantities, you can find high-quality and fake specimens on the market. Among the advantages it is advisable to note the rather low cost of these products.

About how they do

It is easy to guess by the name of this thing, how exactly they make it. The raw material is simply poured into the prepared form. Most often apply alloys of aluminum-based metals. Magnetic-based instances in practice are extremely rare. Alloy types of discs for cars are distinguished by good characteristics and wear resistance.

It is noteworthy that in front of its steel counterparts, they are more rack to shock. In general, the strength characteristics of the discs for the car of this type may depend largely on the quality of the raw material, as well as the forms and quality of finishing and coating with paint and varnishes. From this we can conclude that the cheapest alloy wheels for the car should not be purchased, as their quality will be minimal.

The main differences of cast disks from the rest

Which wheels are better than steel or alloy? This question is often interested in novice motorists, but soon everything becomes obvious. Alloy wheels for cars have less weight and differ in technical specifications, durability and aesthetic qualities.

It is noteworthy that the cast types of car discs on average are 40% easier than their steel analogues. This not only increases the quality of the car manageability, but it is possible to minimize the load on the suspension.

Visually, alloy wheels for cars look very attractive, so young people often prefer exactly this option. As you can see, there are quite a lot of benefits, and that is why the price for one cast disc can be different from the cost of the steel counterpart.

Not only weight plays a decisive role here. There is a lot of differences that can manifest themselves directly during the operation of the vehicle. For example, when the casting is completed, the discs will be subject to the flow procedure, which will allow you to achieve maximum strength and rigidity from the product. Many people know that alloy types of discs for the car with strong impact are not bent, but immediately split.

Cast rim and off-road

The cast types of discs for the car can have different properties that it is worth paying attention to. Marking may indicate views, size, manufacturer and other information. On the off-road alloy wheels of the car show themselves perfectly, but much depends on the quality of the product. The size is also important, that is, the bigger the diameter will be, the greater the clearance of the car.

Wheel alloy wheels are fundamentally different only by the fact that, in contrast to the steel counterpart at the occasion, they are bursting, and they are flex. If the deformation will take place, the tire will gradually drop. Provided that high-quality raw material was used, alloy wheels on off-road perfectly show themselves.

Now imagine what will happen if at high speed to fly into a deep pit? Of course, nothing good will not come out of it. Whatever the size of the rim, it will be badly damaged. Many car services offer their restoration, but by and large, these rims are not subject to recovery.

Through welding and painting works, it will not be difficult to return this thing a primordial look, but the technical indicators will not work. It should not be assumed that alloy discs lose steel, as it is not at all. Just they are also not devoid of flaws. The minimum weight and possibility of installation even on old cars - considerable advantages. In fact, the car with them becomes really safer, and the manageability increases significantly.

When do not use cast rim for cars?

In general, they can be used in all situations. The only thing if the size of the rim is not suitable for a specific car, then you should not install it. Among the advantages of their use, you can note the minimum weight, as well as the ability to abandon the permanent use of the caps, which are infinitely lost. In addition, the alloy cast rims have an attractive aesthetic appearance and can serve as a car decoration.

At the purchase stage, you need to look at what labeling is applied on certain rims and if there are questions, then in a similar situation it makes sense to contact the seller to provide them with consultation. If you often drive outside of asphalt roads, then you should not give preference by cast wheels, since this choice will not be justified.

Wheel rims of the light alloy type will not suit all fans of aggressive ride.

If they chose them, then in this case, railroad intersections and other obstacles should be taken as carefully, even if we are confident that the manufacturer used high-quality raw materials.

Features of operation in winter

Wheel alloy types of discs are suitable for operation in winter, but every motorist must choose them in accordance with the preferences and driving conditions. Slices of ice and frozen dirt will constantly threaten strong blows about the side of the rim. The marking will allow you to understand at the selection stage, how durable one or another instance is, but with strong impact they can all be damaged. The car will be well controlled only if the disks are in good condition. If never before you have been able to drive a car in the winter, then you should not choose the large size of the rims, as it worsens handling.

Substances that sprinkle roads in the winter season, negatively affect the paintwork not only the body, but also the wheels. Cosmetic restoration can do quite expensive. If the car itself is rather heavy, it makes sense to use cast wheels whose weight is minimal, and the size and marking are suitable for a particularly selected car model.

We note that in the winter season, it is much more expedient to use the types of tires with a high profile, because only they can protect your expensive alloy discs for the car from mechanical damage. The diameter marking should always correspond to the minimum allowable value for a particular car if it is operated in winter.

Conclusion

So, now you know that there are alloy wheels than they differ from their steel analogues, and when it is advisable to use. Do not look at the purchase stage only on the appearance of the product and on its weight, as it can be deceptive. It is preferable to choose really high-quality, but more expensive specimens, the weight of which is significantly less fakes.

1. What should I do?

Correctly choose wheels on the existing car, along the way, sobering with all the necessary parameters.

2. What are the disk parameters to take into account when buying?

No matter what car you have, when you select new disks, you must consider the following parameters:

• disk type;
• mounting (or landing) diameter;
• the number and diameter of the location of the mounting holes (PCD);
• disk width;
• disk departure (ET);
• the diameter of the central (hub) hole;
• form of mounting holes;
• having Hampov.

Let's notify immediately: If at this point you have a desire to deal with all these parameters, when you select Discs, simply use the car selection service in large online stores. You can, simply specifying the model of your car, get discs, guaranteed to suit it in all parameters. Well, if the determination to learn everything is still with you, then let's get started.

3. Disc type - what are they

All discs on the type of manufacture are generally divided into three types: stamped, cast and wrought. The question of choosing a particular type is a topic for a separate material, but here we present the main differences.

Stamped discs - The cheapest: these are the very wheels that you see on the basic equipment of budget vehicles, and they are usually covered with plastic decorative caps. They are made of steel and painted enamel. Among their advantages, in addition to the lowest price - high maintainability. The fact is that stamped discs do not break when hit, and they are impaired, and subsequently they can be easily fixed. The main drawback of such wheels is high weight and lack of design: this is a purely functional product.

Alloy wheels Competitions are composed of popularity. Such discs are not made of steel, but from the easier alloy - as a rule, aluminum. Thanks to the manufacturing technology, alloy wheels can have a wide variety of form, which is combined with less than that of the "stamps" weighing and ensures their popularity. From the disadvantages of such wheels, you can mention a higher price and lower maintainability: alloy wheels are not impaired with a strong blow, and crack. Of course, the technology of welding repair and rolling has long been mastered, but it is impossible to ensure the preservation of initial properties after repair.

Wrought disks - the highest quality and expensive option. They are made by the method of hot bulk stamping, which provides the best inner structure of the metal and, accordingly, the highest strength with the least weight. The reverse side of this method is the lowest prevalence of products and a high price.

In addition to the above three types, there are still so-called prefabricated disks - but it is already exotic, and we will not touch them. In general, for the average car owner, the choice is between inexpensive, but boring stamped and more expensive and beautiful cast discs.

4. Mounting (landing) diameter

This is a completely obvious parameter: the diameter of the disc circle in inches. As a rule, it is denoted by the letter R: that is, the R 17 disk has a diameter of 17 inches.

We note particularly: the case itself does not apply to the diameter and came from the tire parameters, where it is also erroneously used in the "radius" value, in reality, implying the landing diameter of the tire. In the case of a bus, R is the marking of the radial design of the Cord, for the disk, this marking is actually not relevant. However, the erroneous "radius" in the value "diameter" and the concomitant R is so entertained that most sellers and recovery services are used by default.

The permissible diameters of the disks for your car are indicated in the manuals and on stickers in the doorways - along with the recommended tire pressure. When buying tires it is worth remembering that their planting diameter should coincide with the diameter of the disks.

Excess the maximum manufacturer's diameter is not recommended: too large disks, in addition to potential geometric incompatibility, change the parameters of the suspension, affecting the wear of the chassis. In addition, the larger the disk and below the rubber profile, the smaller the comfort promises movement on bad roads. However, changes in diameter within the limits specified in the manual, and even in an inch above, as a rule, undergo without significant consequences.

5. Number and diameter of the location of the mounting holes (PCD)

This is the so-called "breakdown": the number of holes and the diameter of the circle on which they are located (by the way, the English PCD is just the diameter of the circle, "Pitch Circle Diameter"). The number of fastening bolts can be different and increases with the growth of mass and vehicle speed: usually 4-6, but maybe more, and less (minimum 3). Most cars VAZ breaks 4x98, the exception is an eye (3x98) and Niva (5x139.7), as well as new models like Largus (4x100).

Disk breakdown must be observed: despite the fact that some discs - for example, 4x98 and 4x100 - seem interchangeable, it is not. Introducing the insignificant 2 millimeters of the difference in the circle diameter on which the mounting holes lie, they will greatly affect the installation: only one fastening from four will be correctly tightened, and the rest will be shifted relative to the center, causing wheel beating. In part, the problem can be solved by the use of bolts with a "floating cone" (about them just below), but in general, the use of disks with the unsuitable parameters of the breakdown should be avoided.

6. Disc width

This parameter is as simple as the diameter: this is the width of the disk in inches. Usually in the list of parameters, it is indicated by the letter J: for example, 5.5J is a disk five and a half-inch width.

The width of the disk is usually indicated in the same places as the allowable landing diameter, along with it. In addition to geometric parameters for the car, the width of the disk is important and when the tire is selected: the bus is designed to use with a disk of a certain width, but with some permissible error.

7. Disk departure

The disk departure is the distance from the bustal plane of the disc mounting to the hub to the longitudinal axis of the disk symmetry. Let's say easier: the central axis of symmetry is a line dividing the disk in half along the width described above, and the busty plane is a point where the disk comes into contact with the hub and is screwed to it.

The departure can be positive, zero and negative: if the axis of symmetry lies closer to the car than the busty plane, then the departure is positive, if they are on the same axis - then departure zero, and if the axis of symmetry is removed from the car more than the caustic plane - then a positive . In other words, the more departure, the deeper the disk in the wheel arch, and what he is less, the more the disk protrudes out.

Departure is a rather important parameter: it also directly affects the operation of the suspension and the wheel bearings. Incorrect departure not only increases or reduces the rut, but also may cause accelerated wear of the chassis and bearings.

8. The diameter of the central (hub) hole

The diameter of the central opening is a parameter that does not need additional explanation. In the list of disk characteristics, it is usually denoted as "Dia", "Dia" or "D". This is also an extremely important indicator: if the central hole of the disk is less than the required, the disc is simply not installed, and if it is larger, then the centering rings will be required to center the disk on the hub.

Many mistakenly believe that when installing a disk with a too large central hole, it is pointed to the hub due to the tightening of the bolts, but this is not the case. Accordingly, the beating and vibration that do not disappear after the wheel balancing is an occasion to check the coincidence of the diameters of the center opening of the disk and the hub and the presence of centering rings when necessary.

9. Fastening shape

The shape of the mounting holes is important from the point of view of the type of bolts or nuts, which will be attached to the disk. As a rule, bolts and nuts for stamped discs have only a slightly conical shape of the plane adjacent to the disk when tightening, and the bolts are also noticeably smaller.

The latter is associated with the minimum thickness of the stamped disk. The cast disk is noticeably thicker than the stamped, and in addition, its fastener has a more pronounced conical form, which requires the use of another fastener. In addition to the conical, the landing site of the mounting hole of some disks can be designed to use fasteners with a hemispherical and flat working part.

And yet: there are bolts with the so-called "floating cone": they allow partially to compensate for a slight discrepancy between the PCD disk required parameters. The working conical part in such bolts is made in the form of a separate ring, attached to the bolt, and shifts relative to the longitudinal axis of the bolt when tightening.

10. The presence of Hampov

Hamps - These are the protrusions on the outer surface of the disk, which fix the tubeless tire on the disk. Remember the cotton that are distributed when the tire is pumped up on the tire after installation on the disk? This is the moment of the "landing" of the tire: the onboard ring of the tire sits between the champ and the corporate disk. In fact, this indicator is indicated in our material last, because it is currently practically not relevant: almost all modern discs are designed to install tubeless tires and have champs.

However, if you, for example, have decided to purchase retro disks of solid age, keep in mind that they may well be designed to install exclusively chamber tires without having Hampov. However, it is possible to establish a non-chamber rubber, however, the question of its hermetic landing, as well as security during the move, will remain open: with insufficient pressure in the tire, the risk of "breaking" in turn will be very large.

The problem of choosing between steel and alloy wheels continues to cause multiple disputes in the environment of motorists. Oils in the fire are poured by manufacturers, in every way advertising products of their own manufacture in order to sell. Therefore, stereotypes that are not responding are formed about the characteristics of products manufactured from different metals. Hence the purpose of this material - to tell, how are the stamped, forged and alloy wheels differ, how to distinguish them from each other and which are better suitable under different operating conditions.

Wheel wheels made of light alloy

The name "light alloy" is assigned to these products due to the properties of the materials from which they are made. This is an alloy of light metal - aluminum and magnesium, for strength and plasticity to it in small quantities add titanium and copper. Hence the second name of such discs - titanium. There are 2 varieties of alloy rims:

• cast;
• forged (pressed).

These 2 groups of products differ from each other manufacturing technology, operational properties and cost. To understand which one is better, you need to consider the production of disks.

Note. Trade representatives often impose on motorists the view that, unlike cast products, forged rims make out of incredibly durable and expensive metals, almost from platinum. In fact, it is a myth, the composition of the alloy for the manufacture of both groups of products is absolutely the same. Manufacturers may slightly change the ratio of basic and additional metals in the melt at their discretion.

About production technology

As it is from the name, cast products are made by filling the molten metal into special forms (method of casting). The sequence of technological operations looks like this:

1. Metals - ingredients are placed in the furnace, melted and mixed.
2. The alloy is supplied to the shape and fills there with a special bucket.
3. After frozen, the blank is extracted from the form and moves to mechanical processing. At the same time, the structure of rim and spokes is already formed, it remains only to remove the extra material along the edges and clarify the holes for the bolts, as well as to balance the disk.
4. The last stage is testing at certain speed and shock loads.

Reference. At the factories of famous brands, the process is in fully automatic mode using CNC machines, even casting performs a robot. Handmade work is almost excluded.

The name "forged" does not quite accurately reflect the methodology for the production of these discs, since they do not bite, and squeeze out of the heated alloy on high-power hydraulic presses. The manufacturer's algorithm is:

1. As in the previous case, a alloy is prepared in the furnace, from which cylindrical blanks are cast.
2. Each workpiece passes several pressing operations, where a solid wheel rim is formed without spokes and holes.
3. Products pass 2 heat treatment operations - hardening (strengthens the alloy) and vacation for removing internal stresses in the metal.
4. Using machining on a variety of machines in disks, holes are made, the spoke pattern is cut out, the excess material is removed along the edges and carry out balancing.
5. Special equipment is tested during critical loads.

Note. So the second myth is disdanned - that due to the manufacturing technology, forged disks cannot boast a variety of design. On CNC milling machines, you can cut in the body of the workpiece of any, even the most complex pattern.

Pros and cons of cast products

The main advantage of discs made by casting from a light alloy is an attractive appearance, thanks to which the car of any age and brand looks much more cute. Yes, and the choice of configuration products and the number of spokes is incredibly wide. This is the main reason that prompts motorists to change steel wheel rims on the alloy.

The rest of the advantages are also important, but they are technical:

• the reduced mass of products gives less fuel consumption and increases the controllability of the car;
• for the same reason, the accelerated dynamics of the machine is improved, and the braking path is reduced;
• products are initially balanced due to production technology;
• long service life.

Of the listed positive moments, only durability and balance of cast discs are actually noticeable, when the owner of the car changes rubber in the tire workshop. Improving manageability and acceleration dynamics can only experience an experienced driver, and the change in fuel consumption is so insignificant that is imperceptible at all (0.1-0.2 liters per 100 km of run). Therefore, the beauty of alloy wheels remains in priority, and then their technical parameters are valued.

Now about the disadvantages:

1. Products are afraid of strong and sharp blows. The crack appears in the thinnest place or where an air sink was formed inside the metal. Manufacturers argue that the casting is not subject to repair.
2. The price of the product is higher than in the stamped steel disks. Due to the ranking of prices, the difference can be from 50 to 200%.
3. Cast rims can not be put on minibuses and small trucks, since they are not designed for similar loads.
4. Operations for servicing such products on the tire (change of rubber, balancing) is expensive.

Reference. In the post-Soviet countries, there are many workshops, where experts she brought to solder aluminum casting cracks. But such a repair can not be called full, and the recovered disks are unacceptable to put on the front axle of the machine.

Advantages and disadvantages of forged disks

The essential and only lack of forged rims is a big value greater than casting 2-5 times depending on the manufacturer's plant. But for this money you will receive such advantages:

• reliability and strength;
• durability, pressed rim will last as much as the car itself;
• small weight of the product (even compared to casting), which improves the behavior of the car on the road and the reduced fuel consumption.

Thanks to pressing and quenching in the manufacture of such rims, the metal does not have hidden shells and acquires increased strength, therefore cracks from shocks - an extremely rare case. In addition, the needles of the product can be done thinner and anger, giving the wheel design additional ease and beauty. That's what you pay money, buying a wrought wheel drive.

How to make cast alloy wheels - video

Steel stamped rims - secret of popularity

More than 60% of all cars on the territory of the countries of the post-Soviet space are equipped with discs made of sheet carbon steel. The overwhelming majority of these machines are completed with such wheels from the factory, because they are cheaper than others. Exceptions - Auto in the configuration "Suite" or elite brands that "stamping" frankly not suitable in appearance.

Despite low cost, iron discs are distinguished by a variety of advantages:

• compared to the aluminum alloy, steel has plasticity and elasticity, so the rim partially absorbs blows when driving along large irregularities;
• for the same reason, steel products are easy to repair, - deformed spaces can be distorted, and cracks - brew;
• scope of application - transport of any destination and lifting capacity;
• low prices for maintenance of wheels;
• there are no problems with the fastening of wheels, for which the factory (regular) bolts are used.

The most valuable advantage when driving on our roads is high maintainability of stamped discs and the ability to absorb strikes. Combined with low cost. These features make traditional iron rims are most attractive in the eyes of ordinary users. To understand how their cost is formed, it will not hurt to get acquainted with the technology of manufacturing such products.

Production method of stamping

For the manufacture of iron rims, thick sheet steel is used. From it, billets of two types are cut - the circle and the band sent to further processing. The process looks like this:

1. On the hydraulic press from the steel circle, the core of the future disk with holes for the bolts and technological processes are stamped.
2. The strip is sent to the rollers where the cylinder is bent. Sheet ends are welded with each other, after which the seam stripper is performed.
3. From the cylinder, the hydraulic press extrudes the finished rim, then the hole for the valve is drilled in it.
4. Both elements are connected by welding method, then covered with soil and painted.

In the manufacture of stamped products, expensive machines with CNC and the furnace are not used, the energy costs are significantly lower. Hence the small price of the final product.

Video process of assembling stamped products

Weak sides of steel disks

Compared to cute articles made of light aluminum alloy, stamped iron rims lose in appearance, which often becomes the reason for their replacement. The question and plastic decorative caps are not solved, which are always lost on the pins of our roads, and the owner of the car has to buy new ones.

For reference. So that the caps do not flush from the wheels, many drivers fasten them to discs by plastic electrical homutics. It helps, although several spoils the appearance of the car.

There are other negative moments in the operation of "stamping":

• because of the big weight, the controllability of the machine is worse, and the fuel consumption is higher;
• increased brake path;
• products from stamped iron can not boast of good balancing;
• metal rust, and therefore requires care.

Judging by the statistics, the listed flaws are not too embarrassed by most Russian drivers. Again, part of the negative points is incorrectly interpreted by sellers. For example, it is devoid of grounds for approval that steel can be rotated for 2 years and the disk will become unsuitable for further use. To bring the metal to such a state, it will take a period twice the longer, and with timely care, the product will last no less than the alloy.

Note. There is a myth that paint stamped rims is easily scratched and quickly comes into disrepair, and the surface of the light alloy cannot be damaged. The second part of the approval is incorrect, alloy wheels can also scratch, but they are much more difficult to paint.

The choice of type wheels is better to perform three criteria:

• depending on the operating conditions of the machine;
• class and brand cars;
• active ride in a cold or warm year of the year.

Council. If you expect to use one set of rims yearly, then, taking into account Russian road conditions, it is better not to risk money and put a steel "stamping".

The ideal option is to have 2 sets of discs using them in the warm and cold season. For the summer ride on asphalt coatings, the alloy rims are perfectly suitable, but for the winter you need to put stamped. The problem is to the land appearing on the asphalt due to the unlocked snow, which is why the smooth road is covered with solid potholes. The same, on the edges of the roadway, it is easy to scratch your beautiful titanium discs when leaving on the side of the road or approximation close to the curb.

When choosing a set of new discs, it will not hurt to consider other recommendations:

1. Do not worry and buy products from a light alloy if you drive around the fields on an SUV. Conversely, on elite cars operated by smooth roads, it is not necessary to put "stamping", it looks reprehensible.
2. Forged discs are suitable for any passenger cars and various driving conditions, except for frank off-road.
3. Do not try to put alloy rims on a minibus that works on commercial transportation, you risks quickly bring them unusable.

When choosing forged products, a natural question arises - how to distinguish them from casting with external similarity. After all, the unscrupulous seller can slip you cheaper goods at the price of forged disks. On this account there are a number of tips:

1. Forging lighter casting. For example, a forged rim of 15 inches weighs no more than 5 kg, and by cast - 7-8 kg.
2. On extruded products treated with milling machines, you will not find sowing or a small rubber on the edges, as it happens with casting.
3. As a rule, the inscriptions on castses protrude above the surface, and they are bundled on the forging, because they are applied by extrusion.
4. If the product is branded and accompanied by documents, then in the specification of a forged rim you will find the appropriate English word - Forged.

Council. Of these rules there are many exceptions manifested when studying products of domestic or Chinese manufacturers. The best option is to buy forged car discs in retail outlets with an impeccable reputation or official dealers.

Despite the numerous advantages of alloying discs, they cannot win and half the Russian market. Such a situation is observed in the countries of the former USSR, where the stamped products are more relevant and practical aluminum. Changes in the trend should be expected no earlier than the cardinal improvement of the roads with a solid coating occurs.

Contents of the article "How to choose wheels?"

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Correctly selected car discs - the key to your safety on the road. We will help you make a choice.

Popular brands:

Selection of discs on manufacturing technology

• Weight. The easier the disk, the faster the car accelerates and slows down. A large weight affects increased fuel consumption and smaller smoothness. In addition, the resource of the other parts of the suspension is enough for a longer period if the disk is easy.
• Corrosion resistance (rust).
• Strength. This parameter is important if you often ride uneven roads, with Colds and pitches.

Varieties of discs for cars

To select wheeled disks, it is not necessary to know their types.

• Stamped discsmove from steel. They equip budget cars at the factories. A good option, if you are unpretentious to design and do not want to spend a significant amount for the purchase and operation of disks. Keep in mind that discs can also fake and then they do not serve for a long time.
  • pros: low cost; subject to repair, because When hitting, a dent is formed without significant damage.
  • Minuses: Heavy; subject to corrosion, so they must be monitored; Sometimes discs are not accurate and difficult to balance; Standard design (but you can take advantage of special caps).

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• Alloy wheelsmade from aluminum. They are 15-30% easier to stamped. If each wheel is weed by 1 kg less, then you can load the car with extra 50 or 60 kg. Be careful, some manufacturers make alloy wheels weighing as stamped.
  • pros: Light; corrosion resistant; diverse design.
  • Minuses: With a strong blow, the disk does not mind, but completely splits, and it is already impossible to repair it; The cost is higher than that of stamped.

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• Wrought disks made from magnesium or aluminum alloys . They are more often installed on sports and luxury cars. The discs from the magnesium alloy are significantly more expensive.
  • Pros: 20-30% lighter cast; corrosion resistant more than cast; Impact resistant - the suspension will be damaged rather than the disk, and the split does not threaten it at all.
  • Minuses: price, but on the other hand, drives will serve you for many years; Simple design.

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• Combination "cast + forging".These disks have a rim forged, and the disk cast. The whole design is connected by bolts (Titanium most often).
  • Pros: lungs; shock-resistant; corrosion resistant; diverse design.
  • Minuses: high price.

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You can have one set of disks on two sets of tires, and you can buy a stamping for summer and casting for the winter. First, save on the broadcast in perspective, and the tires will be longer in preservation. Secondly, most of the year will ride with beautiful disks and the minimum opportunity to damage them.

How to choose discs on the car model?

Each manufacturer specifies the parameters of the disks in the documentation (or on the sticker in the driver's doorway) in the form of an alphanumeric cipher.

It is not clear from the first time, but in reality there is nothing difficult there, and you will make sure that.

Our example will be the following cipher: 8JX19H2 PCD5X108 DIA75 ET45

The first is always indicated width and disk diameter in inches. In our example, the width is 8 inches, and the diameter is 19.

Letter J (or maybe L, JJ, Ki JK) reports the rim design (information for the specialist).

The letter H2 (or maybe H, AF, FH, CH) reports the design of the Hampov (information for the specialist).

In our case, in the disk 5 holes at a distance of 108 mm.

Next point - the diameter of the central hole(Dia or D). It is 75 mm.

And last in order, but not the meaning indicated "Departure" disk (ET). In our example, departure is 45 mm.

Sometimes alphabetic designations are removed and only numbers remain. The order itself does not change, so you do not confuse. Our example would look like this: 8x19 / 5x108 D75 ET45.

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Changeable selection parameters

Immediately, let's say that it is better to choose discs fully relevant to the requirements of the car manufacturer.

• Diameter disk. You can choose a larger diameter in order to install on low-profile tires, which gives an improvement in controllability and increasing the clutch coefficient with a road surface. But at the same time the load on the suspension and in particular the hub, it is also a great probability to damage the disk itself. For our everyday off-road, this option is not suitable.
• Width rim. There is a permissible deviation of 0.5-1 inch at a diameter of up to 14 inches and 1-1.5 inches with a diameter of more than 15 inches. If it is essential to deviate from the specified parameter, the bus will be or strongly compressed or relaxed, which will adversely affect the driving characteristics (reacting to the rotation, side rigidity, impaired resistance). By the way, if you are looking for a disk under the bus, you will remember the rule: the width of the wheel rim must be 25-30% less than the width of the bus profile.
• The diameter of the central hole. There may be a little more diameter of your car hub, but no less (the disc can not be to wear).

In the case of a larger diameter for mounting and balancing, additional transition rings are used. There are no other advantages in increasing the diameter of the central opening. Just know that if you found the disk you like, in which, when you match all other parameters, the diameter of the central hole is slightly larger, then you can install anything terrible.

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Unchanging automotive disk selection parameters

Below the listed parameters must be strictly met, so you can immediately set them in the E96 rubricator to narrow the choice.

• Number of mounting holes. If on the hub of your car model 4 mounting holes, then there should be 4 on the disk, and not 5. otherwise you simply do not secure the disk on the hub.
• The diameter of the location of the holes.Strictly follow this parameter. If the diameter is different from the standard, at least a couple of millimeters, then only one bolt will be completely tightened. On the go, such a wheel will "beat", and not tightened nuts can unscrew by themselves.
• Departure. This parameter must comply with the manufacturer's requirements with an accuracy of 1 mm at mandatory. Sometimes motorists have a desire to reduce departure. The main argument is an increase in manageability due to the extension of the rut and improve the appearance. Wheels protrude from the arch - it is believed that it is stylish. Even sellers can assure you that this is a normal situation when the departure is slightly different from the specified value. But you should understand that when the departure changes, the load on all suspension nodes on which they are not calculated are sharply. The smaller thing is that it is waiting for this decrease in the service life of the suspension parts, abrasion of tires. In the worst case, during the movement, it can collapse.

What kind of leaves is better to choose?

If the car is just a vehicle for you for you, then when you select disks, first of all pay attention to the compliance of all specifications. Only with the recommended manufacturer with dimensions you will extend the service life of the suspension of your car and do not break the resistance on the road.

If you often drive off off-road or the road in the city are far from the ideal, then choose stamped discs with accurate observance of all parameters. The same recommendation for those who want to save.

If you drive carefully on good roads or you are an inexperienced driver and follow the speed mode, then pay attention to alloy wheels.

If you are an experienced driver and like speed, choose alloy wheels. ASSU is better to buy forged discs - and easier and longer will serve.

Choose discs on the E96 website, and remember: the main thing is security! Good luck on the roads!

Geometric disk parameters

When choosing wheels for "ordinary" use (do not take into account various types of tuning), we strongly recommend that you adhere to the parameters as close as possible to the factory. Why is it so important? Strong changes in such parameters, as width, departure, diameter and disc weight, can also affect the safety and convenience of controlling the vehicle, and on the resource of elements of chassis. For example, if we talk about the diameter of the disk, then it is too large (with the former outer diameter of the wheel), it will adversely affect its weight.

When choosing wheeled disks, the proverb "Seven times death"

More wheel weight - more unsappressible masses, which, in turn, leads not only to high load on the suspension, but also the deterioration of the smoothness of the car's move. Also because of the larger inertia, the heavy wheel is less willingly repeats the road profile, while the easier wheel retains the coated tire contact, improving the resistance of the car. In addition, an increase in the mass of the wheel to some extent worsens no less important characteristics - the brake and accelerating dynamics of the car. It is worth saying that the wheels of the larger diameter, shoe in low-profile rubber, it is easier to damage on Russian roads.

Larger diameter discs, trained in low-profile rubber, it is easier to damage on Russian roads

Excessive increase in the width of the wheel together with wider tires to a certain extent has its advantages (the susceptibility of the car is improved to lateral loads), but there are probably the shortcomings, perhaps more here: In addition to increasing the mass, it may be the worst way to affect the resistance of the car when moving along the longitudinal irregularities. The car with wider wheels will be deliberately less sustainable, and its handling will become more "nervous". But even more "harmful" becomes the game with the departure of a disk, which even more can worsen the situation: the smaller the departure (the wheel "repels" outward), the stronger the optimal shoulder of the wheel running (most often), the more sensitive to the irregularities becomes Steering, and load on elements chassis - more. Another danger of increasing the shoulder of the runoff is the lack of a stabilizing moment when braking with one of the faulty brake contours. How much can you retreat from full-time parameters? There is no clear answer, because the chassis of each car individually and reacts to such changes in different ways, but the changes in the departure by 2-3 mm most often remain without consequences.

When choosing, do not be lazy and "Scroll" to the tires - this can be done in numerous bus calculators. The disk should not be too wide or too narrow: so, for example, for the tire dimension 205/55R16, the width of the disk must lie from 5.5 to 7.5 inches, but it is better to stick to the golden middle and stay on the disk of dimension 6.5 x 16.

Case material and price

The fact that alloy wheels are lighter than stamped, should not mislead you. As a rule, the cast disk is either close by weight, or a little easier than commensurate steel. However, most often, when replacing the drives, car owners try to increase the diameter of the wheel, and this entails an inevitable increase in the mass, which, as we have already found out, does not behave anything good. As a rule, an increase in the diameter of the disk per 1 inch, with an increase in the width of the tire, weights the wheel assembly on average by 20-30%. But it is also ragged to chase over low weight. If the seller of the tire store offers you too light "casting", alert: Little-known companies are most often Chinese origin, often producing extremely lightweight discs, which in terms of their strength are not withstanding no criticism.

Documents talking about the certification of Chinese disks often turn out to be "linden" - such wheels are not the fact that "rolling" is tortured, but to look for new in return to the burst!

Forged discs, of course, in this sense differ for the better: they are noticeably stronger and easier, that's just due to the complexity of manufacturing their price is noticeably higher, and the offer on the market is more important: only 10% of the presented disc-producing companies are in their Assortment Forged discs. There are other features from the "forging": at the occasion on the obstacle, the disc can and maintain its integrity, but the entire blow to itself will take the sidewall of the tire, which in most cases it happens meaningless. To fly into the pit, as you see, it is unprofitable for any scenario.

In addition to many Chinese, low strength sin discs and some Russian manufacturers, less often - European. That is why when choosing special attention should be paid to the status and integrity of the brand. If there is no such confidence, then at the time of remembering the golden words of Boris Razor from k / f "Big Kush": "Weight is reliability!"

The price is perhaps the determining factor when choosing wheeled disks. And when it comes to compressed finances, I recommend not to chase the beauty and size of the wheels - much more reasonably choose regular and affordable stamping, and the saved money is better to spend on high-quality tires - in this case, the operational characteristics of the car will remain at the same level, including wheels To the breakdown and ease of editing disks in their deformation. The design question is solved by installing additional caps (or factory or non-standard). Another thing, if the budget is not limited. In this case, the choice is simplified: it is best to consider the most proven brands. It is better if it is a light "forging", however, we do not advise you to chase the low profile of the tire - safety is more expensive.

Approximate prices in online stores on the most popular models of disks suitable forFord.Focus 3 (PCD 5 * 108, Dia 63.3):

The design of cars of domestic production is a weak link of this production itself. In the address of the designer unit AvtoVAZ. The sharp arrows were released more than during the battle of Azenkur during a century of war between England and France in the XIV-XV centuries ...

Arrival in Tolyatti French managers out Renault. It gives reason to believe that foreign partners will finally help their Russian colleagues in solving this difficult taski - to make beautiful cars. Indeed, Patrick Le Keme, Lead Designer Renault, stated the fruits of cooperation between Russian designers with French, who should "ripen" in two or three years.

In order for these fruits to appear, the Englishman is sent to Togliatti Anthony Greid, the former Vice-President of the Renault Style Center, which is engaged in the company issues of external design. The new director of the design (Directorate) of the design at AvtoVAZ will work on the design of new LADA models and to update the old.

Greed on AvtoVAZ will not be easy. The design is troublesome, expensive and, most importantly, not bringing momentum results. During the crisis, the top management of the Russian automotive enterprise thinks not about excellent matter, but about the tasks requiring immediate resolution.