Buy homemade electric vehicle. General and electrical circuit of electric car
Having an electric vehicle, you will first save money on fuel, which is just great for ambient. We hurry to please you that you can build an electric vehicle with your own hands even using the most ordinary machine. Today, electric transport is filed with marketers as the carrier of the most progressive technologies in the automotive industry. And many are confident that electric vehicle can be either expensive as Nissan Leaf. Or Mitsubishi I-MIEV, or very expensive - like Tesla. However, members of the friendly community of electromotivers self-leisure workers know that it is not so! In the simplest man-made version, the machine on batteries is much cheaper than its industrial analogues and does not require innovative technologies and materials. Therefore, there are a lot of elementary electric vehicles next to us on the roads under the larvae of ordinary gasoline models - we just don't know about it!
"Electromobile version 1.0" - a baseline machine, which can be done for six months in the garage actually any sleeves man who can repair a car and possessing initial knowledge in electrical engineering. The purpose of this article, of course, does not give the reader a clear instruction on application, but to give, as today it is fashionable to say, the "road map" understanding that the electric car is easy! He told the "Wheel" about this one of the most authoritative Russian electric vehicles, Igor Korkhov, the administrator of the largest thematic forum Electrotransport.ru, successfully built the completed structures of its own electric vehicles, and at the moment the Lada Ellada is at the modernized LADA ELLADA. Body
What is the electric vehicle electromotive, which is easy to build on the Garage "Stapel"? The body from the donor machine with steering, suspension, transmission and brakes, a DC motor, aggregated with a standard manual gearbox, battery pack with a controller, an accelerator pedal, from which the controller receives a signal and a number of auxiliary nodes that can even be entered into the design Immediately, and later - after the first trial departures, they are looking forward to the soul of a garage engineer ... as a body donor, as a rule, take a front-wheel drive car, so as not to lose the friction energy in Kardan's crosses and hypoid transmission rear bridge. They try to find a typewriter easier, ideally up to 600-700 kilograms, although it does not always succeed - most cars are excessively heavy in terms of the construction of an electric vehicle. At one time, the Tavria is very popular among garage electromotivers - the body is easy and excellent "Robust" - on roven road You could literally push my finger! But the Tavria is almost all, alas, they already rotted ... Popular Golf-second-second generation, Daihatsu Mira and the like small cars. "Robust" is trying to increase due to special tires - the so-called "green": narrow and allowing pressure of 2.7 and more atmospheres to eliminate losses for rubber deformation.
Electric motor selection for electric vehicle
I saw on a car with a removed engine to a primary shaft, a manual gearbox was connected to a powerful screwdriver, displayed in the interior of its switching button and was actually obtained in half an hour electric vehicle! Yes, curious, yes, riding no faster than five kilometers per hour, but, in essence, it is not bad demonstrating the simplicity and performance of the design "Option 1.0"! All this, of course, from the region "Mechanics is joking", but the principle is generally preserved.
The most common engines for home-level homemade were and still traction motors DS-3.6 from Bulgarian fork warehouse electric loaders like "Balkankar EB-687" type. These are serial excitation engines that feed on a constant current with a voltage of 80 volts, with a capacity of 3.6 kilowatta. It looks like a motor as a cylindrical barrel, weighs 66 kilograms. This is far from the best motor in terms of weight and efficiency of the motor, but it is easily accessible and popular at the beginner designers of electric vehicles. You can get such a "engine" in the measure of your luck - someone will fall out for thanks, someone will find for 5-10 thousand rubles. In principle, this cost is justified - the motor is not high-speed, but has a magnificent torque, pulls on any slide even in the third gear, is easy to install, unpretentious.
Electric motor for electric vehicle
Transmission In "Option 1.0" you will not meet motor-wheels and other progressive electromotive "nanotechnology". It is done, as easier, and the easiest way to combat the electric motor with the transmission already existing on the donor car - manual gearbox with the main transmission and differential, through the shoes front drive With hubs and front wheels. - Actually, a basket and a clutch disc, its drive (hydraulic or cable), and the left pedal itself is removed - this is overweight, and they are no longer needed. - Says Igor Yuryevich, - we will switch the speeds, however, we will still be - but rarely and without separation of the shafts of the motor and gearbox - just a bondage of the handle of the box. Turns on the necessary transmission Without clutch, it is completely calm both before the start of the movement, and on the go: Throw gas, we bring the knob of the checkpoint, the synchronizers are triggered - and go further. We use the third gear for riding in the city, the fourth - on the country track, the second - on Buaerakov. The first is never used in general, the moment on the wheels is that they simply scrolls with a slight touch of the accelerator! To install an electric motor under the hood, you need two main "handmade" - Details: a transition plate and a transition sleeve, with which the electric motor is connected to the "native" manual transmission of the car. The stove connects the electric motor and the gearbox, and the sleeve - the motor shaft and primary Val. CAT. The stove is easily made with their own hands from thick-walled steel or aluminum - enough presence of plumbing skills of medium level, grinder and drill.
The transition sleeve connecting the shafts of the electric motor and the PPC is also easy to do with uncle Vasi-Tokar and welding - on one side, the bushing must be combined with the motor shaft, and on the other, the slotted part is welded to it, cut from the clutch disk of the box with which we Connect the electric motor.
At one time through Lead, many were held - and I, among other things. Now such mistakes can repeat any meaning. Starter batteries have begun to die after a couple of months, barely managed to be soldered for half a half, until the container has lost. Then one time used hermetic batteries from the supply of telecommunication systems (sources of uninterrupted nutrition of cellular tips) - grabbed for the season, the internal resistance began to grow ... Therefore, as soon as the laid-free lithium-farrum appeared, everyone moved to it. The best specific energy density, the ability to give and take large currents, durability, frost resistance. But prices are still high, and the battery is the most expensive electromotive knot - it is necessary to take into account the homemade trainer ...
Simplified calculation of the parameters and the cost of the battery looks like this: Suppose that we need to gain a 100-volt battery - quite a lot of motors are calculated on such a voltage. The voltage of one "Lifer bank" is 3.3 volts: it means that we need to connect the sequentially 30 cans. But the second important parameter of the battery is a container. Since "banks" are the same, the capacity of one \u003d the capacity of the entire battery. "Bank" good quality It costs about $ 1.5 per 1 amp-hour, and the 30-axis start-up battery will provide the machine weighing up to a ton of 25-30 kilometers of stroke. We believe: 30 amperes hours x $ 1.5 \u003d $ 45 per jar $ 45 x 30 cans \u003d $ 1350 $ for the entire battery In general, the battery is incompatible, and this is only a container suitable for the first experiments - in a good way, it should be increased at least twice ... Equipment of electric vehicle batteries most often by half-winding chargers made on the basis of cheap chosen power supplies, saturated backup batteries on base stations Cellular communication - they work together with 48-volt lead batteries. These blocks need two pieces - they are connected in series, internal adjustment allows you to raise the voltage of each up to 64 volts and charge the batteries for most common electromotors used by EV self-delicacies. By the way, a regular 12-volt battery, as a rule, remains in its place - it is convenient to feed from it different regular consumers - beep, wipers, windows, music, "music", light, etc. later, as one of the first Upgrades, it can be replaced with a DC / DC watt converter on three hundred making 12 volts out of 100. Other nodes In fact, in addition to the motor, transmission and batteries, there are still a number of nodes in the simplest electric car - both necessary and installed at will. It is categorically necessary, of course, the engine control controller. In the simplest version, it can be made independently on relatively inexpensive and widespread items, and the gas pedal sensor will serve as an angle of rotation of the throttle from injector Vase. You can buy a controller from domestic homemade workers, write out the factory from China or to order with eBay a bashing brand unit from Curtis - a module at $ 250-300. Additional nodes that are not mandatory for trial (and even at all!) Trips - quite a few. For example, a stove from which a liquid radiator is thrown out and an electric TEN is installed instead. Or let's say vacuum pump For brake amplifier. Since the engine internal combustion There is no vacuum on the car, disappears intake manifoldnecessary for the operation of the vacuum brake amplifier. Therefore, many homemade workers put electrical auxiliary pumps of the VUT, borrowed from VOLVO XC90 machines, Ford Kuga. etc., however, it all depends on the project - on an easy electric car even the brake upgrade do not all, since the role of the Vacuumnik partly performs the recuperative braking by the engine, and many cars from the factory did not have a vacuum amplifier in principle, quite well brake . Without it, for example, not only the most discerning VAZ-"Kopeyk", but also Tavria, Oka in some years and so on.
How much is it worth collecting electric car with your own hands?
The donor machine, the electric motor, the controller - all this is flexibly varied and here you can "draw" in the measure of tricks and desires. You can buy a car-donor of thousands for 100-150 in a decent basis on the body, you can thousands of 50 - but with the need for tin, welding, paint ... You can buy an electric motor from the elderly Bulgarian loader, and you can use a used or new American motor designed specifically for electric vehicles . You can purchase an industrial control controller for the control of the engine, and can be soldered and yourself, if there are skills. The same applies to the rest, except the battery. It will not be possible to do anything to "hide": the prices for new lithium-farrum cans everywhere are approximately the same, the question in the container. A good 80-100 volt battery for approximately a hundred kilometers runs will cost today's money at 4-5 thousand dollars. You can, of course, start with a bad battery with a prospect of building (after all, even a short first trip inspires and gives an understanding that it works not in vain!), But it is necessary to understand that a small container should be increased as soon as possible, since its disadvantage leads to an increase in the return current From each individual bank, up to dangerous shock values \u200b\u200bthat shortening their life ... While you will be tightened with the purchase of the second half, the first will die ... Is it so profitable to build an electric car? Even an experienced homemade houseman and actually the garage EV building guru, Igor Korkhov believes that in the first place there is still a hobby, but you can only "deceive the system" it will be very conditionally - it will border with self-deception ... The fact is that final result It is impossible to evaluate the cost of a kilometer traveled, as many it seems - you have to take into account and comfort, both functionality, and the safety of the car, and just a feeling of what you own. Here, let's say, the new gasoline Lada Grant - it costs from 360 thousand rubles, which approximately equals $ 5,500. The most budget electric vehicle on the basis of any VW Golf early generations will cost the same on the components - plus the time-listed on thematic forums, and invested their own work. As a result, on one cup of the scales - albeit a domestic, but smelling a novelty and trouble-free car under warranty, and on the other - elderly and externally dodged "Electrosopal" in the stage of endless finish, without the possibility of refueling fuel on the way, at first (and even then Forever) without air conditioning, brake amplifier and the like. Well, or, let's say, the next plank - Hyundai Solaris.. It costs from 600,000 rubles, which is about $ 9,200. The same amount will have to spend if you build an electric vehicle on the basis of a more or less fresh bodies of a foreign car that looks good outside and has a not killed salon, buying a good American electric motor, a reliable corporate controller Curtis and typing a capacious battery. However, at the exit - in general, almost the same as in the first case ... Solyaris in the trumps maximum speed and dynamics, the ability to replenish the fuel reserve everywhere, and not only in the personal garage, where there is a socket, all the advantages of the new and reliable car With a lot of functional amenities, warranty, etc. Self-comfort, albeit more decent inside and outside, remains a homemade - the machine with significant restrictions on the range of run and the possibility of refueling, the eternal designer, the simulator for hands and mind ... conclusions From the point of view of the application of the hands and mind for a person who loving cars and technology, the construction of an electric machine is definitely justified! The hobby is, of course, costly, but everything is known in comparison - moreover, in comparison, not with oligarchic extremes like collecting the testicles of Faberge, but with completely common and massive technical applied hobbies. Say, fishing amateur medium inflatable boat with suspension engine famous brand ADAC forces at ten will fall out at least two-thirds of the simplest electric vehicle ...A good quadcopter with the camera is not less. Against this background, the construction of the electric car does not stand out at all - the normal one is funny ...
No smaller attractiveness of the building of the electric vehicle "Version 1.0" is that the result is achievable for many, and not just for the elect - do not need to be an "80-level engineer" to combine the electric motor with the checkpoint, pave the power and control wiring and place in the trunk Battery. In the simplest version of the design, yes with numerous advice of responsive electromotive community on the Internet, the work will be pleasant and almost certainly successful. However, until effective batteries have fallen in price and inexpensive sets of traction engines and controllers did not spread, as it happened with whales for electric bikes, the electric car of the garage building in relation to the cost of operation is unlikely to be a serious competitor to the budget gasoline cars And even more so - gasified machines ... In the event of a desire for savings to invest in the installation of propane gas equipment - It's easier and more profitable ...
Having an electric vehicle, you will first save money on fuel, which is simply great for the environment. We hurry to please you that you can build an electric vehicle with your own hands even using the most ordinary machine.
We offer you a number of instructions that must be followed in order to create an electric vehicle with your own hands.
Step 1: Choose a car from which you will do electric car with your own hands
It is best to choose a common brand, that you facilitate your access to numerous parts (and they will necessarily need). The simplicity of the design of applicants when choosing, in this case, is welcome (the easier - the better). Another important detail is the weight of the future electric vehicle, which you will create your own hands. It must be remembered that our future cars will be solidified in weight thanks to the battery. Most. optimal option To build an electric car, they are believed - cabriolets or cars up to 2 tons.
If you want the future electric vehicle to gain speed, look for a well-streaming, having the right aerodynamic forms of the car for minimal resistance (as an option, additional optics can be created later with your own hands separately). The wind is excessive resistance, as a rule, is clogged with your electric vehicle from 10 to 20 km of run or from 8.0 to 16.1 km / h.
For electric vehicles in general, the gear shift box does not need, since the ability to go back and backwards is carried out using the controller.
The electric car you are going to make your own hands should also have enough space for electrical batteries that provide sufficient power supply engine. It is also worth remembering that when it is created, it is necessary to take into account the opportunity to have constant access to batteries for easy maintenance by their own hands. Do not forget that the uniform accommodation of the batteries on the automotive space is directly responsible for the stability of your electric vehicle.
Video: how to make electric vehicles do it yourself
Step 2: Select the engine for your electric vehicle, which you can compose at your discretion by installing it with your own hands.
Find you need, does not require a professional level of knowledge. DC motor is a standard motor to create almost all electric vehicles. It will even be enough to find such a motor in the used state and restore it. The task is quite simple (what needs to be done with your own hands is to disassemble the case, clean and degrease the electric motor, and then restore all its connectors).
Step 3: Purchase of an electric vehicle
Before starting an electric vehicle assembly, you will need the main and backup batteries. You need to search for a helium-element battery, which is a type of adjustable lead-acid batteries containing a thickened electrolyte. Such sealed (without revision) batteries do not require additional depowering with their own intertwined water into the cell of the future electric vehicle. It is a hermetic battery with safety valve Pressure reset. Buying, you can explain to the seller for what purposes you need the battery you will need.
More expensive option - to purchase lithium-ion batteries. It must be said that they are quite expensive, have a varied voltage, but this option allows you to purchase almost one battery instead of picking a number of smaller. After all, so that such a battery pull big car With passengers and drive a decent distance - it will be necessary in total 72 volts and from 40 to 60 amps of hours. If you want the car to develop up to 64 km / h, it is better to take 144 volts and about 80 amps of the clock. Although, many automobiles wishing to create electric vehicles do it yourself, they acquire lithium-ion batteries.
Step 4: Remove the old engine with your own hands
You will need a crane beam and a set of keys to help you remove ICE and old spare parts from the car. If old and rusty bolts are poorly unscrewed - use the liquid key (it is in all auto shops).
We take out the engine and everything else that we will not need to work in a bundle with an electric motor: tank, exhaust system, radiator, etc.
Was or there was no power steering in your future electric car which you create do it yourself It is not so important, since you can always install an electric power steering as an additional option.
Step 5: Install the electric motor and the battery at the place of the old block
Here you can reuse the gearbox supports. The electric motor is combined with a gearbox and pierce the jack, we measure the difference between old engine mounting bolts and an electric motor and install it.
You can make and mount a completely new mount, but it is much easier to use the original engine mount as it has dampers embedded in it to avoid dynamic engine loads. This reduces vibration and rattling when the engine accelerates or slows down.
You still need a transition plate for connecting the transmission of our electric motor and couplings (specially created to pair the engine flywheel and the cardan shaft to the transmission).
It is best to bring the engine and a gearbox to the workshop and use a simple piece of cardboard to measure the distance between the bolts holes on one side and the electric motor bolts to another.
Place the electric motor inside the front of the car and connect the controller. The controller, as a rule, can be 72 volts (as a controller on any car for golf, for example). However, if you want a 144 volt controller, you will need to find sites that sell them specifically for electric vehicles.
Install the battery (using battery fasteners). Connect the motor and the battery to the controller.
Step 6: Installation of solar panels of electric vehicles with their own hands
Installing solar panels will be used as passive energy for backup battery accumulation. Places they choose very diverse. Naturally, it is worth placing them in places on an electric car with good access to sunlight (found when the masters creating an electric vehicle with their own hands place them even on the mirrors of turn signals). Why not?
Step 7: Connect the ignition to the starter
The starter activates the motor when the key is rotated. This will act in the same way as the ignition lock is acting. You will need to repaid ignition so that it turns on the starter of the electric vehicle. To do this, connect the wires to the electric system of the car and the fuse block. You will also need a pedometer that connects to throttle valve and cable gas pedals. This wire connected to the controller and gives it a signal when it is time to start the movement of the electric vehicle. This is a fairly important item that may be needed when creating an electric vehicle with your own hands. .
Step 8: Just buy a set for converting a simple car into an electric car
And not buy all parts separately. You can purchase a set to convert an ordinary car into an electric car with your own hands. It will have all the necessary components, and they will be 100% designed for collaboration. However, such sets are usually not universal for all cars. You will still need to make a lot of items, in case the kit does not come up for your car.
Until hybrid cars They are wonding not only in our country, but also in a number of others, therefore they are trying to collect particularly gifted craftsmen. And not only… Company Poulsen Hybrid. Also offered its decision on the transformation of an ordinary car to a hybrid, achieving gasoline saving by almost 20%. Do it offered with Power Assist System - Setconsisting of two DC electric discoid engines. They need to be installed using special adapters, on rear wheels. An additional battery and two controllers are placed in the car trunk. The battery is charging from the household network socket. The company's specialists argue that small motors whose capacity is 7 hp, for 50 km can help the main gasoline engine Drive on the electr shirt, saving fuel.
Installing electromotors can be installed on most of the cars produced today with wheels from 14 inches and above. Each motor weighs no more than 17 kg. The capacity of the lithium - ion battery, which nourishes them - 4.3 kW / h. Charger 96 V / 10 A. As a result, the weight of the system with the battery will be 90 kilograms, and the power is 13.5 hp. The cost of the project is about 8,000 "green", plus six hundred and if experts will be installed (official dealer).
But, while those who want to "improve" their favorite car, a little. And a large group of specialists considers the project very doubtful. We are waiting for time.
One of the options for installing an electric motor to a regular car
The end of the nineteenth century - the period when cars came with steam and electric engine. By the way, it was an electric car for the first time managed to overcome the high-kilometer line of speed. And although so far not so much electric vehicles, it appeared hybrids, in which the electric motor and the engine are used. The essence of the hybrid is that his movement begins immediately, but even the driver does not know (if not to look at the monitor), on which motor it goes - it solves the electronics. But, it is worth it vehicle Expensive, so the Russian "craftsmen" tell how you can collect a hybrid car with your own hands. Moreover, it is not so big enough as it may seem.
Estimation for a hybrid car with your own hands:
Body (homemade, plastic, at bridges) - costs about 1000 dollars. It is important to choose its QC can be less weight - it is important.
For the cabin: two front seats of the car Porsche 924 are fit very good. Pillow rear seat You can borrow with Toyota Supra. It will take another meters of five carpet, which must "visit" the workshop on sewing covers. The cost of materials and work is approximately 400 dollars. Well, but, in principle, it all depends on the fantasy, and the materials in the country mass: wood, leather, acoustic expensive fabrics, etc.
The power unit, in our case, also used, is the engine from the writer of the Bulgarian production loader, the capacity of which is 3.6 kW, and developed turnover - 1400 rpm. The engine can be chosen and other by contacting the office that supplies new spare parts for loaders. It will cost 550 dollars approximately.
Speaking about the battery, it is necessary to recommend, not to use domestic, since the nominal capacity will be able to get a few first time, and that's it. For AKB, we need a fresh lead ore, which we do not have in the country, so for batteries use the repulsion from old batteries. The perfect option is traction batteries for loaders. But their price is the second higher than starter Italian, which will need seven pieces. Their cost in stores will be 4,000 rubles, and in the wholesale company - 2600 per piece.
Well, all that can be called "different". This includes wheels (their width should be small to minimize rolling friction), the motor control unit (again you can use the one that is used in the loaders - relay by six speeds, cost up to $ 400, or a thyristor cost tripled greater, but with smooth regulation), a flange designed to connect the transmission and the engine (for example, the PPC VAZ 2101) - $ 70, a table cheeper with a coaxiality is not worse than 0.02 mm (for connecting the gearbox and motor) so that it does not have to change the bearings (can be made independently ).
In total, everything will go to everything 3000 dollars And three hundred hours of time engineer of secondary qualifications, which to act as a welder, locksmith, electrician.
For this amount, you can become the owner of a quadruple car, the weight of which is 850 kg, and the battery has characteristics - 84Vx200 a h. Speed \u200b\u200bin a straight line machine develops to 75 km / h and up to 90 - short-term (for overtaking, for example or when you need to go under Mountain).
The number of recharging cycles is 800, the cost of charge of one 12.5 kopecks per kilometer, which is possible to compare with the VAZ 2101, the flow of 8 liters per hundred kilometers, i.e. 80 kopecks per kilometer.
Economic Justification
The number of transcharge cycles to full capacity with proper use - 800 times (in advanced Italian, for reasonable money). 800 times x 200 km \u003d 160,000 km. The cost of one charging given to 1 km of the path.
It seems that there are no questions - there is a benefit. True, there will be questions from the traffic police, but everything in the end is solved.
There are also no problems with the assembly with their own hands of a rear-wheel drive hybrid, which has an electric motor under the bottom of the car on the cardan shaft. Mounted in salon on-board computer works in a bundle with a computer system installed in open space. Of course, do not do without an electric motor, controller, housing for batteries, batteries of wires and connectors.
Tip: Motor must be installed on an authorized service centerTo properly withstand the angle of inclination. It is also necessary to take care of the strict fixation on the frame of the batteries. To do this, install special guide rails under the bottom, thanks to which the electric motor and the battery are securely fixed.
Calculate this car (if the battery is 200 Ah), maybe on a mile in one mile.
Externally, the usual "Niva", as soon as it approaches closer - you understand that something is wrong with her. The car works silently. Everything is explained as soon as the driver opens the hood - there is no usual equipment for the car with the engine.
"This battery itself, believes its part - the other part is in the trunk, while the trunk is completely free, - explains Yuri Logvin, showing the" insides "of the homemade electrocarbus. - This is the heater tank, the machine is equipped with a hydraulic heater, as on the "Zaporozhet", only there the air heats up, and here the toosol is heated and tosol heats up the salon. In this case, it is worth the battery from Nissan Leaf, they have already appeared in Ukraine and, in principle, you can buy "BESUT" for quite acceptable money. "
Yuri notes that he chose this type of battery, based on practical considerations: " Lead battery It goes into an electric vehicle for a maximum of two or three years - this has already checked the practice many of our colleagues. And this should walk ten years at least. I have the second car "Slavuta", here I have been driving on it for the third year and did not notice any reduction of the tank. "
Instead of gasoline "Niva" feeds on electricity, respectively, the fuel tank is missing. "If you wish, you can make a three-phase connector, then you can take not 3 kW, and about 9 - 10 kW, - shows the Harkovchanin plug for recharging under the former hatch fuel tank. - That is, if this is a taxi - then, probably, it makes sense with all this "bother". For domestic use - most of the maximum input is about 5 kW.
"The maximum speed is about 120 km / h, that is, the faster you are going, the faster you spend. If you drive at a speed of 60 km / h, then you can drive, approximately 110 km, if you go 120 km / h - then I think the charge is enough somewhere on kilometers 70, "says specifications Electric vehicle Ukrainian rationalizer. - The machine slows down recuperative - no energy loss, the pads are not heated. You can set up differently: now the "comfortable" mode is installed, in which the braking is not very strong when the car stops too fast - the people begins to be nervous. "
It influences the operation of the electric vehicle and the air temperature, explains Yuri Logvin. The stroke reserve decreases, but not so much. This happens due to the fact that in the battery resistance is slightly increasing. In winter, you can ride quite comfortably with a good stove. "On small lifts, the car accelerates quite confidently," says Yuri, "the sound of the helicopter, or an airplane, I don't know. A good plus that the wheels are big - in Kharkiv roads do not feel so feeling these "Colds" and the borders confidently "climbs". "
In the middle of the salon, everything is in their places, but this is at first glance: additional indicators are noted on the torpedo, which show the voltage in the system, the temperature of the motor and the level of gasoline in the heater tank. Also present stove control regulators. Everything else - standard elements dashboard "Niva".
This is not the first who collected Yuri Logvin. According to him, he will no longer render on a gasoline car. The re-equipment of the ordinary machine to the electric will cost 7 - 10 thousand euros. In addition to money engineering worksIt will take a few more thousands of hryvnia for the registration of a re-equipped car in the traffic police. "Register the replacement of the unit, it is approximately 3 thousand hryvnias. Everything is quite officially, that is, an abstract in the Kiev Institute is compiled, from being confirmed on the basis of this, here in the traffic police can be recorded, "says Kharkiv.
Video: Idea Factory: Here it is the electric car "DIY"!
Electric car with your own hands
An increasingly popular theme of the creation of electric vehicles, gradually displaces ordinary gasoline. Indeed, the electric vehicle is much simpler in manufacturing, management and operation. In addition, even important dignity is environmental friendliness. In this article we will try to consider the issue independent manufacture Electric vehicles do it yourself.
But there are two nodes whose assembly causes some difficulties, especially in unprepared radio amateurs. We are talking about an engine speed adjustment node and a charger for powerful, as a rule of lithium - ion batteries. The complexity here lies in significant currents - more than 50a. Indeed, for a passenger electric car, an electric motor is needed with a capacity of about 5 - 20 kW. Various micro-and PWM controllers used in the factory models of electric vehicles are too complex in the manufacture and configuration, and simple schemes On the rolls there will be no such currents. Below are proposed simple in the assembly of the regulator circuit and the memory suitable for those who want to collectelectric car with your own hands.
The basis of this regulator of rotation speed from zero to maximum, a pulse scheme is used with a change in the width of the rectangular voltage pulses supplied to the engine winding. The generator and impetus generator is the HEF4069 microcircuit, and it is desirable with an UB index, which has field keys at the output of logical elements, swinging N-channel mosfets.
With the output of the inverters, the signal controls the three IRF540 felled field transistors or other similar to more than 25a. To the drain of them, the DC motor is connected with a power of several kilowatt. In parallel, it has a diode, to protect the weft from the reverse half-filled negative voltage occurring during operation.
Another node with large switched currents is a block for a battery. As is known in electric cars, batteries with a voltage 12 - 200 V (depending on the model) and a capacity in the range of 100 - 500 A. So, it is necessary to charge them with a current of about 10 - 50 A. You can implement this function on the classical transistor stabilizer with three powerful bipolar stabilizers. MJ15003 transistors included in the parallel. More perfect scheme option
And it is possible on the L200 specialized chip, specially intended for use in stabilizers.
As the maximum output currentchips L200.it is 10 A, the circumstance of the microcircuit as three parallel to the MJ15004 transistors in parallel.
I think there is no need to say that the radiators are required, and very large radiators - power dissipating on them can reach hundreds of watts. This scheme can issue a current up to 40 A with an input voltage of 35 V. When choosing a transformer and rectifier - it is best to take the input voltage of the stabilizer by 10-15 to more output. The electrolytic capacitor of the filter must be somewhere 10,000 - 40000 ICF 50 V. Accumulators are charged so charger A current equal to 10 - 20% of the nominal capacity of lithium-ion batteries, in about the night. It can be installed for an electric vehicle and a battery composed of conventional lead batteries, on prototypes, it made it possible to drive around 50 km at a speed of up to 100 km / h.
