"The ideal end result can be like a rope, keeping the climber makes a rise in a steep slope. The rope does not pull up, but it gives support and does not allow you to roll down. Enough to release the rope from the hands - the drop inevitably "(Heinrich Altshuller)

IKR - the perfect end result - This is one of the basic concepts of TRIZ. ICR is the way to solve the problem (problems) with minimal (ideally zero) costs of resources (labor, money, information, time, space, people, etc.), without complications and unwanted effects.

An example from life: Boy of eight years old sister closed in the room. He was before the problem: how to get out? Apply power, threat, raise a cry? But the door is too strong, there is no one at home, except for the sister, and no one will hear him ... He thought and did so that the sister herself opened the door to him. The boy pulled the chair on his side of the door and said: "Listen, but this is me to locate you!" After a few seconds, the sister splashed the door herself, freeing himself "from the captivity."

The boy can be called a cuty from nature, but such resourcefulness, the ability to outgrowfully get out of the current situation, can be learned by TRIZ.

When formulating ICR, it is desirable to apply the word "self" (herself, itself, for themselves). Usually used formulations of ICT:

The system itself performs this feature;

There are no systems, but its functions are performed;

The function is not needed.

Do not think - really or it is impossible to achieve this, fear or not fulfilled, feasible or not. Be creative!

How to formulate in the present Perfect end result?

Do not make a degree of reality feasible. Ideality is a forward-up direction. The bottom line is that any task you need to solve in the direction of improving the ideality, strive for the ideal.

Do not think in advance how and what ways I can be achieved.

Use ICR keywords, such as yourself, itself, itself, etc. The action must be performed by itself without additional mechanisms, devices, etc.

Imagine that you have a magic wand and how the result will be, if you just wave her and tell me, for example: "Cram-crab-boam!" (This technique will allow you to remove psychological inertia, you will eliminate ways to achieve the goal and focus on the final result).

Maximum use of already available resources (real, energy, material, etc., first of all "grani").

Use the ideal solution template: " everything remains unchanged, but the desired result is achieved" or " everything remains unchanged, but the undesirable effect disappeared».

Acquisition of useful quality or elimination of harmful should not be accompanied by a deterioration of other qualities or the appearance of harmful quality.

How can you bring a child preschooler to the ability to search, find, and formulate the perfect end result? Of course, with the help of gaming tasks and exercises, actively using both fiction.

"Help Tanya get a ball"

Read the child a poem A.L. Barto "Our Tanya is crying loudly." Offer think - how can you get a ball? Carefully listen to all the deals of the child (sample and error method), unobtrusively directing it.

Take a wand.- wonderful! But if the puddle is too big ... do not get a ball with a row ...

Go to the puddle and get a ball. - Great! But look, Tanya in sandals, she wets her legs ...

Let then she go home and put on rubber boots. - Excellent! But the puddle is too deep, the water will fall into the boots ...

Offer your ideal end result: how can you make the ball himself sail to Tanya?

The range of options is narrowed, all actions are already performed with a ball: blowing on it, create waves, throw pebbles, etc.

"Robinson Method Cruzo"

Not trouble, if the child is still too small to get acquainted with the work of D.Defo. For fantasy, you can use any available work.

Read "Aibolita" - wonderful!

Would you like to go to Africa? ... - We flew to Africa with you, but our plane broke ... We needed until the dad save us, build a house to protect yourself from the sun, hurricane and wild animals; We need something to eat; We need to make clothes and the like from something.

"Magic disappearance of the subject"

Pay attention to the child to any household items and offer to imagine what it would be if one day everything woke up in the morning, and ... forks (chairs, cabinets, shoes, etc.) No ... What to do?

After checking on ideality (there is no object, but it is executed), tell it the child that in the old days there were really no these items, you can illustrate - how people did without them (it will bring a child to the system approach that we will talk about later); If the child is able to fantasize, offer to come up with - and how this subject it may look in the future).

"The robot broke"

"In some kingdom, in some state, in one small city with very small residents (the beginning of the fairy tale you can think of themselves) all objects for the inhabitants did a robot. And one day he broke. Instead of bricks for houses, furniture, clothing, asphalt for sidewalks, etc. He began to do some ... Rulers (plates, albums, flower pots, etc.). How to use these rules in your life?

Of personal experience: Use of substituent items - an important stage in the development of gaming activities of preschoolers. I do not even know, for the benefit of children, such an abundance of toys "almost like real" in the modern toy industry. What is just not in our children for the game, for example, "in the store" - both scales, and tickets, and even plastic coins, and buns, sausages, eggs, milk packs, etc. It is not necessary to invent anything (brick pies, eggs - balls from rattles, money from finely broken album sheets or - aerobatics! - Made by translating a real coin through a thin paper with a back of the pencil) - everything is already in the finished form.

But now I am watching a huge thirst for children to invent, fantasy. It is very important not to repay this spark. In our kindergarten, we regularly hold contests of children's and family creativity to stimulate the creative potential of pupils. How to unusually make a New Year's Christmas tree? (ICR - no Christmas tree, but something performs its function). The competition was attended by work from paper, pasta, plastic bottles, threads, tinsel, natural and outstanding material. How to tell about your street? (The object itself tells about himself) layouts, drawings, collages, computer presentations were presented.

Tell us in the comments, and that you with your child have taken to achieve, or get closer to the ICR when solving any creative, non-standard tasks.

And what does a car cost a society? The answer to this question is as difficult, so important.

At the dawn of motorism was a mad struggle for building the speed of the car. Immediately there was a problem of sustainability on the road, especially on turns. The car became lower, longer, wider. The carrier part is heavier, the base of the body. To faster to touch from the place and accelerate, a more powerful engine was required - and enhanced chassis: Speed \u200b\u200bbox, cardan transmission, drive wheels.

Requirements for the reliability of the brakes - and the mechanical drive is replaced by hydraulic, and then pneumatic. A compressor appears, and with it a whole pneumatic system ... the suspension is improved - springs, shock absorbers, level stabilizers. To ensure the safety of passengers in a collision of the body, made from the metal of greater thickness.

Again there weights, dimensions ... and all this to carry one or two, a maximum of 7-8 people!

It only seems that the car stands on four wheels. In fact, it is riveted with hundreds of thousands of hands. In the US, for example, every sixth worker works on it directly or indirectly. Consider yourself: approximately 10 million cars are produced annually.

They use hundreds of types of black and non-ferrous metals, non-metallic materials (plastics, leather, fabric, etc.), radio engineering, varnishes, paints, glass, rubber, fuel, lubricants ...

Production of all this does not pass without a trace for ambient, generates a lot of environmental problems.

Design bureau, laboratories, test stands and polygons. Automatic lines and robots for the manufacture of thousands of details every second. Kilometer conveyors for assembly. EUM and computers for CNC machines, for planning, collection and analysis of information ... more? You are welcome!

Need roads. In the US, the roads are now occupied by about 10% of the country's area. For their construction and maintaining in order, a huge fleet of special cars can extract materials, pour them, fasten, cover asphalt and concrete, apply markup lines ...

The car, like any car, sometimes breaks. Need equipment and repair tools. Thousands and thousands of car repair shops. Gas stations, oil-producing enterprises and refineries, pipeline network and giant oil tankers. And again ecological problems.

The car must be stored somewhere. And huge areas of the city's territory are discharged under the garage complexes. It is necessary to maintain order on the roads, and a special English-speaking traffic police is being created.

The roads occur on the roads, people die or cripple. So, medicines, first aid kits, ambulance stations, hospitals and sanatoriums. And funeral teams ...

Nesh, however, car, very silent!

Any system, whether it is a car or fishing rod, is created and exists not for the sake of yourself, but for the sake of it to perform some useful functions for a person. So, the main useful feature of the car is to move people and cargo from place to place.

Actually, a person needs this feature that is not at all that the system that performs this function, generating the mountain of all problems.

From this point of view in TRIZ, there is the concept of an ideal system:

The ideal system is such a system that is not, and the function of which is performed.

Close to ideal vehicle It was, by the way, in Pushkinskaya Baba-Yaga: her stupa moved "herself". But the stupa itself was still, it was necessary to climb, it had to get out of it, therefore this vehicle is not 100% ideal.

The perfect version of the car looks like this: the cars are not at all, but you arrive at the specified point at the right time.

And the fishing rod you do not need. You need a function performed. And what is its main function? Throw a worm, draw and pull the fish, which is swallowing this worm.

Above the question of "perfect fish" think about yourself. Just do not consider that such a fish must remove the scales with itself, turn it out and dive into the bowler with a hairdo. After all, in the perfect ear fish should not be, but the smell of it, the taste and nutritional value should be.

From all this follows one almost very important position:

All systems are developing towards increasing their ideality.

In TRI, identified other laws of development of systems (VIS), but this law is the law of increasing the degree of ideality of systems - is perhaps the most important among them.

When solving specific inventive tasks, this law allows you to abandon many empty samples and immediately formulate the perfect task response - the perfect end result (ICR). As in the case of a worm. The perfect worm itself gets into the water, it holds himself and removes his fish out of the water itself.

Sometimes it is enough to solve the task.

Of course, it is not possible to get ICR in pure form in most cases. The meaning is somewhat different. The design of the ICR allows you to immediately choose the right direction of work, narrow the search zone and concentrate efforts to search for strong solutions of the problem.

We illustrate the effect of the law of increasing the degree of ideality on the example of the technical system.

Serial car "Niva" weighs 1150 kg and has a 53 kW engine (about 70 l. P.). To participate in the international auto racing "Niva" upgraded: installed a forced engine, which developed power up to 200 liters. p., And the weight of the whole car has reduced to 700 kg.

The figures of the absolute (arithmetic) change usually say a little: it was - it became. Much more indicators are relative. Earlier each horsepower Engine was taken by 1150 kg: 70 liters. from. \u003d 13, 5 kg / l. from.

Now every "horse" is lucky only 700 kg: 200 liters. from. \u003d 3.5 kg / l. from. Almost four times less!

Can urban authorities make a million of nothing? From nothing - unknown. And from zero - for sure, can! The fact is that in Madrid on one of the central squares, where the kilometer of Spain's roads is counted, bronze zero is laid into the asphalt. Most tourists visiting the city are photographed in Madrid zero by tradition. Naturally, for a fee entering the city treasury ...

Task 1. The fight against the roads on the roads is an important task of the traffic safety service. Of course, in the presence of "traffic cop", all drivers strictly follow the rules, but you will not put on all the roads and intersections on "traffic cop". How to be?

This task is solved in all countries. In Japan, for example, in one far from the day of the police, the number of policemen sharply increased for the local libraries. Having freezing the policeman, I had to quickly discard the speed and comply with all other rules of the road.

And only running up closer, drivers with annoyance noticed that most of the "policemen" are mannequins! But the real ...

Replacing an object of its copy is one of the typical techniques used in TRIZ. But we will now pay attention to the other: the object (living cop) is not, and its function (motion regulation) is performed.

Here is an example.

Task 2. On the Crimean coast, it was necessary to fall asleep a new beach. It was supposed to fall asleep by pebbles - trapped pebbles, but there was only rubbish - stones with sharp edges. What to do? Take out pebbles from other beaches? Come up with a car for rubbing processing?

It was decided to use the gift strength of the surf. Barges with a crushed stone unloaded right into the sea in two hundred meters from the coast. Everything else did the waves: they turned the sharp edges of the stones and carried them ashore.

As you can see both examples well illustrate the law of ideality. When using this law, it is important for solving tasks. Do not forget the word "myself" ("Sami", "itself"). There is no focus or trick. Remembering that the system itself, due to the use of resources, reaches the required action, we immediately compress many weak and helpless solutions.

Indeed, the drivers themselves (without a living policeman) began to comply with the rules, the seaside course of themselves (without attracting machines) runs up the edges of the stones, tourists themselves (without innovation and requests) replenish the city treasury Madrid ..

Perfect end result

Solving mathematical tasks and tasks "For Intentiveness" are often performed by the method of "opposing". The essence of the method is that it is starting to solve the task from the end. Determine the end result - the answer. Undoubted him, "lay" the road to the beginning, that is, solve the task.

It would be tempting and the solution of technical tasks to exercise in a similar way. But how to find out the answer?

Indeed, when solving technical tasks, the answer is not known, but you can go on ... You can imagine the ideal of the device being developed - the perfect device - perfect end result (ICR).

IKR - The lighthouse to which should strive when solving the problem.

IKR - The solution that we would like to see in your dreams, performed by fantastic creatures or means (magic wand). For example, the road exists only where the wheels of transport comes with it.

Perfect technical system - this is a system that is not, and its functions are performed, i.e. Goals are achieved without funds.

A vehicle ICR - when it is not, and the cargo is transported (the cargo itself moves in the desired direction with the necessary speed). Enough technical Systemsin the title of which there is a word Self. For example, a dump truck (the original type of dump truck, which allows almost independently tipping the body, is shown in Fig. 13).

Himself means without direct human participation. Previously, it contributed to this mechanization, Now automation and cybernetization, in particular, computerization. Washer Itself (according to the program) performs necessary work. The computer itself translates the text, makes cartoons or designers of those or other objects.

About ideal devices Researchers of ocean depths are dreaming:

Example 1.

The ideal of rescue funds on the water is an unspecified boat under all weather conditions.

"... The shipbuilding firms of a number of countries have developed the design of the" unspecified "rescue boat, completely hermetic and accompanying 35 people who attach themselves to the seats of rescue belts. The boat is made of durable lightweight material and can either harm for passengers to catapult from Heights 25 m. Even after looking under the water, it sails on the surface again, taking a normal position.

One of the main features of the "perfect device" ("ideal system") is that it should appear only at the moment when it is necessary to perform a useful work, and at this time the system carries 100% calculation load. At everything else, this system should not exist or it must fulfill another useful work. This property has long been familiar to us from fairy tales - "Tablecloth-Selfrank", etc.

Many examples can be brought from life; All retractable, folding and inflatable items. For example, folding and appitable furniture (table, armchair, sofa, bed, etc.), inflatable items (boats, life jackets, mattresses, cress, pontoons, etc.)

Example 2.

To save people in the event of an emergency landing of an aircraft on the water, English engineers developed a rescue device, which is pontoons that automatically inflated with compressed air. ("Nepical boat". Panorama, Science and Technology, 1979, No. 6, p. 34).

Second feature perfect car or perfect device , what it is generally not, but workwhich they must perform it is done by itself (With a magic wand).

Perfect truck - this is bodymoving cargo. All other parts of the truck are superfluous, they are necessary only to achieve this goal.

IKR vehicle - when it is notand cargo is transported(cargo "Himself" moves in the desired direction with the necessary speed).

We give examples on the property of ideality.

Example 3.

" Automotive seat belts must be changed periodically. It is caused by fears, whether the material is not weakened. Invented a tape that his own appearance herself will show when they change it. "(Inventor and rationalizer, 1977, No. 8, Mi 0801).

Example 4.

"A layer of color paint is applied to the tread pattern and fix a kilometer passed by a car to the abrasion of the applied layer. Such a method of estimating tire wear is simple, suitable in studies of the durability of new types and structures." This method can be used when monitoring tires to replace them. (Inventor and rationalizer, 1974, No. 9, Mi 0946).

Example 5.

Window glasses need to wash. To carry out this operation in the workshops with high and large areas with windows is quite difficult and time consuming. If the shops are "glazed" by a lavsan film, then with a blowing of a light breeze, the film itself dumps dust. This film is transparent, easy, is not afraid of the waters of an acid. For the "glazing" windows such a film, lightweight frames can be used.

Example 6.

The contact of the rubbing surfaces made of steel leads to their wear, so the interaction area is lubricated.

Polish experts argue that any steel will become self-lubricating (ICR), without losing its best mechanical properties, if you add 0.3% lead to it. You can increase the speed of cutting, extend the service life of the tool. (Inventor and rationalizer, 1975, No. 2, Mi 0203).

Example 7.

In bolted compounds, so that the nut itself does not turn into operation during operation, the bolt rolls the second (counter) nut.

Ideal in this case would be "The nut herself fixes (contrite)." Now there are a lot of different designs of self-fixing nuts. One of them.

The nut is securely held in place located at the end of the teeth with sharp edges, which are directed along the tangent of the threaded hole and have a slope of 7-10 °. This solution allows you to apply self-locking nuts repeatedly. At the same time, 30% decreases the deadline for the installation and dismantling, the reliability of the compounds increases and the fastener's nomenclature is reduced. Such a nut is especially necessary for those compounds that are experiencing different in the nature of the load. (Socialist Industry, No. 170 (3062), 26.07.79. C.4 "Self-Distributing Nut").

In the case of bolted connections without nut, the terminals should Self bolt "... On the end surface of the head (in this case, the bolt, but there may be a nut) facing the part connected, concentric pointed ring protrusions are made (Fig. 16). (A.S. No. 297812, bi, 1971, No. 10. P.124).

The desire for ideal is the general trend of the development of technical systems.

In vehicles, this trend is manifested, in particular, in a steady increase in the share of useful weight. This explains the increase in displacement of ships, especially tankers. (Logachev S.I. Sea tankers. - L.: Shipbuilding, 1970, p.28).

Example 8.

The 3000 ton displacement tanker uses 57% of its displacement, and the tanker with displacement of more than 200,000 tons - 86% (Fig. 17). (Logachev S.I. Marine tankers. 1970, p.42-43), thus approaching the ideal.

Example 9.

"The processing of parts by abrasive circles is accompanied by an increase in temperature in the contact zone, which adversely affects the surface layer of the part, increases the wear of the circle itself. "

IKR in this case - the circle itself protects the part and itself from overheating.

It is interesting to note that the desire to ideal is inherent not only by the technical system as a whole, but I am separate parts and processes occurring in them.

Perfect substance

Perfect substance - substances not, but the functions of it (strength, impermeability, etc.) remain. That is why in modern courts to use the tendency lighter and more durable materials , that is, materials with more and more specific strength and stiffness.

A task. Powerful transistors

We define the perfect end result in the task of powerful transistors. IKR radiator (heat sink) - missing radiator providing full thaw heat from the transistor.

The radiator should not be, and the heat should be discharged by the transistor itself, or the radiator should appear only when the transistor must be started, or the radiator must be carried out beyond the limits of this radio electro appliance (REA), or the role of the radiator must perform some other element. Thus, the directions of the solution are set.

In the first directionshould go along the way to create transistor without loss of energyso that the task of heat removal is not upset. This direction is the hardest and, as a rule, is not suitable for the development of REC.

Quite acceptable second directionbecause you can create a thermal conductory with Nickelid Titanium Petals (Nitinol) - material possessing effect of memory form . (A.S. No. 958 837). At normal temperature, the petals are pressed to the transistor, and when the temperature increases beyond the limits permissible, they are rejected by increasing the heat sink area.

The heat sink out of the REA - the third direction is fairly implemented simply by placing the radiator together with the transistor on the outer wall of the block, as is done in the measuring instruments: digital voltmeters and frequency meters. Or you can use a heat pipe that allows you to remove locally allocated heat to a significant distance from its source.

The use of the elements existing in the block (fourth direction) is a solution similar to a radio-electron module, containing in addition to heat-loaded semiconductor devices, elements with heat-conducting housings, for example, electromagnetic relays performing their functions. (A.S. № 847 537). To reduce the dimensions of the module, the relay are located in two rows, and there are thermal loaded elements between the rows with the possibility of thermal contact with heat-conducting relay housings.

Example 10.

The perfect body of the underwater apparatus should have a minimal relative mass, which is primarily provided by the quality of the material: its low density, large specific strength and rigidity, representing the ratios of the yield strength and the modulus of elasticity to the density of the material. (Dmitriev A.N. Design of underwater vehicles. - L: shipbuilding, 1978, p.72).

Therefore, the hulls of modern submarines are made of titanium. It has high mechanical properties, corrosion resistance in sea water and non-profitability. (Dmitriev A.N. Design of underwater vehicles. P. 75).

Perfect form

In some cases, you can talk about perfect form.

Perfect form- Provides maximum useful effect, for example, strength, with a minimum of the material used.

Example 11.

For underwater apparatus, the perfect shape of a solid body is sphere. It "has high resistance and a small density. At the spherical case, the minimum ratio of the surface area to the volume ...". (Dmitriev A.N. Design of underwater vehicles. P.69).

Perfect process

Perfect process - Obtaining results without a process, i.e instantly. Reducing the manufacturing process of products is the goal of any progressive technology.

Thus, the sectional method of assembling courts is replaced by more progressive - block. In a sectional method, first on the shelter from individual sections (deck, onboard, bottoms, etc.) was collected by the hull of the vessel, and then the installation of the equipment was collected. The block method of assembly lies in the fact that blocks are served blocks, which are large volumetric parts of the vessel with mounted equipment. Blocks are collected in the assembly workshop from individual sections. Immediately install the necessary equipment. Thus, it remains only to dock separate blocks.

A constant struggle for increasing the speed of transportation of the cargo also characterizes the tendency of the desire for the ideal process. An increase in the speed of transportation of the cargo is achieved by the steady increase in vehicle speed and reduction of time for loading and unloading operations.

Example 12.

The average speed of container shipping vessels from 1960 to 1975 increased from 15 to 25 knots. (Logachev S.I. Transport ships for the future. Ways of development. - L.: Shipbuilding, 1976, p.99). The decline in the time of loading and unloading operations in the marine fleet is provided by means of approaching to the ideal. These are ships with a horizontal way of unloading the type "Ro-Ro" (trailerovo), on them the cargo "himself" enters the ship and leaves it on the wheels; On likterovozha (ships-barges), the cargo "himself" floats to the ship and from him to the destination (a kind of "trailers). (Logachev S.I. Trucks for the future. P.42-67).

More ideally when not only the tool is eliminated, but the work itself (process), and even the function becomes unnecessary.

Consider as an example the process of washing dishes.

Example 13.

Previously, the dishes are manually. Particularly dirty places had to rub a long brush for a long time. In this case, polished dishes scratched. Then the development of this process was carried out in several directions. For example, various detergents , speed up and improving the washing process. After applying such funds, you only need to wash off the dirt. Appeared dishwashers. Appeared I. disposable tableware.

In the latter case do not need a wash process , neither the function itself - Cleaning dishes. In this way, the process of washing became perfect – he stopped exist .

Consider another manifestation of ideality characteristic of technical systems from Heytec.

Example 14.

Oscilloscope- Device showing a signal and change in time. The ideal oscilloscope should not be, and its function (showing the view of the signal) must be. Those. Show a signal without an instrument. The function of the oscilloscope was transferred to the computer. The program must perform all functions: analog-to-digital conversion, showing the view of the signal and record. In the future, such a solution was used in the modem. Initially, the modem was a complex device, now this is a program.

This is a tendency to replace the device with a program or transition from real objects to virtual.

The ideal decision, of course, get almost impossible .

IKR - this is referenceTo which you should strive. The proximity of the solution obtained to the caviar and determines quality solution .

Comparing the real solution with Ikrom, Determine contradiction.

In this way, ICR - the tool required to detect contradictions and to assess the quality of the decision.

Consequently, ICR serves as a kind of "guiding star" in solving technical tasks.

And what does a car cost a society? The answer to this question is as difficult, so important.

At the dawn of motorism was a mad struggle for building the speed of the car. Immediately there was a problem of sustainability on the road, especially on turns. The car became lower, longer, wider. The carrier part is heavier, the base of the body. To faster to touch and accelerate, an increasingly powerful engine was required - and the chassis is enhanced: the speeds of the velocity, a cardan transmission, drive wheels.

Requirements for the reliability of the brakes - and the mechanical drive is replaced by hydraulic, and then pneumatic. A compressor appears, and with it a whole pneumatic system ... the suspension is improved - springs, shock absorbers, level stabilizers. To ensure the safety of passengers in a collision of the body, made from the metal of greater thickness.

Again there weights, dimensions ... and all this to carry one or two, a maximum of 7-8 people!

It only seems that the car stands on four wheels. In fact, it is riveted with hundreds of thousands of hands. In the US, for example, every sixth worker works on it directly or indirectly. Consider yourself: approximately 10 million cars are produced annually.

They use hundreds of types of black and non-ferrous metals, non-metallic materials (plastics, leather, fabric, etc.), radio engineering, varnishes, paints, glass, rubber, fuel, lubricants ...

Production of all this does not pass without a trace for the environment, generates a lot of environmental problems.

Design bureau, laboratories, test stands and polygons. Automatic lines and robots for the manufacture of thousands of details every second. Kilometer conveyors for assembly. EUM and computers for CNC machines, for planning, collection and analysis of information ... more? You are welcome!

Need roads. In the US, the roads are now occupied by about 10% of the country's area. For their construction and maintaining in order, a huge fleet of special cars can extract materials, pour them, fasten, cover asphalt and concrete, apply markup lines ...

The car, like any car, sometimes breaks. Need equipment and repair tools. Thousands and thousands of car repair shops. Petrol stations, oil-producing enterprises and oil refineries, pipeline network and giant oil tankers. And again ecological problems.

The car must be stored somewhere. And huge areas of the city's territory are discharged under the garage complexes. It is necessary to maintain order on the roads, and a special English-speaking traffic police is being created.

The roads occur on the roads, people die or cripple. So, medicines, first aid kits, ambulance stations, hospitals and sanatoriums. And funeral teams ...

Nesh, however, car, very silent!

Any system, whether it is a car or fishing rod, is created and exists not for the sake of yourself, but for the sake of it to perform some useful functions for a person. So, the main useful feature of the car is to move people and cargo from place to place.

Actually, a person needs this feature that is not at all that the system that performs this function, generating the mountain of all problems.

From this point of view in TRIZ, there is the concept of an ideal system:

The ideal system is such a system that is not, and the function of which is performed.

Close to the perfect vehicle was, by the way, in Pushkin's Baba Yaga: her stupa moved "herself". But the stupa itself was still, it was necessary to climb, it had to get out of it, therefore this vehicle is not 100% ideal.

The perfect version of the car looks like this: the cars are not at all, but you arrive at the specified point at the right time.

And the fishing rod you do not need. You need a function performed. And what is its main function? Throw a worm, draw and pull the fish, which is swallowing this worm.

Above the question of "perfect fish" think about yourself. Just do not consider that such a fish must remove the scales with itself, turn it out and dive into the bowler with a hairdo. After all, in the perfect ear fish should not be, but the smell of it, the taste and nutritional value should be.

From all this follows one almost very important position:

All systems are developing towards increasing their ideality.

In TRI, identified other laws of development of systems (VIS), but this law is the law of increasing the degree of ideality of systems - is perhaps the most important among them.

When solving specific inventive tasks, this law allows you to abandon many empty samples and immediately formulate the perfect task response - the perfect end result (ICR). As in the case of a worm. The perfect worm itself gets into the water, it holds himself and removes his fish out of the water itself.

Sometimes it is enough to solve the task.

Of course, it is not possible to get ICR in pure form in most cases. The meaning is somewhat different. The design of the ICR allows you to immediately choose the right direction of work, narrow the search zone and concentrate efforts to search for strong solutions of the problem.

We illustrate the effect of the law of increasing the degree of ideality on the example of the technical system.

The serial car "Niva" weighs 1150 kg and has a power engine with a capacity of 53 kW (about 70 l. P.). To participate in the international auto racing "Niva" upgraded: installed a forced engine, which developed power up to 200 liters. p., And the weight of the whole car has reduced to 700 kg.

The figures of the absolute (arithmetic) change usually say a little: it was - it became. Much more indicators are relative. Previously, each horsepower engine was taken by 1150 kg: 70 liters. from. \u003d 13, 5 kg / l. from.

Now every "horse" is lucky only 700 kg: 200 liters. from. \u003d 3.5 kg / l. from. Almost four times less!

Can urban authorities make a million of nothing? From nothing - unknown. And from zero - for sure, can! The fact is that in Madrid on one of the central squares, where the kilometer of Spain's roads is counted, bronze zero is laid into the asphalt. Most tourists visiting the city are photographed in Madrid zero by tradition. Naturally, for a fee entering the city treasury ...

Task 1. The fight against the roads on the roads is an important task of the traffic safety service. Of course, in the presence of "traffic cop", all drivers strictly follow the rules, but you will not put on all the roads and intersections on "traffic cop". How to be?

This task is solved in all countries. In Japan, for example, in one far from the day of the police, the number of policemen sharply increased for the local libraries. Having freezing the policeman, I had to quickly discard the speed and comply with all other rules of the road.

And only running up closer, drivers with annoyance noticed that most of the "policemen" are mannequins! But the real ...

Replacing an object of its copy is one of the typical techniques used in TRIZ. But we will now pay attention to the other: the object (living cop) is not, and its function (motion regulation) is performed.

Here is an example.

Task 2. On the Crimean coast, it was necessary to fall asleep a new beach. It was supposed to fall asleep by pebbles - trapped pebbles, but there was only rubbish - stones with sharp edges. What to do? Take out pebbles from other beaches? Come up with a car for rubbing processing?

It was decided to use the gift strength of the surf. Barges with a crushed stone unloaded right into the sea in two hundred meters from the coast. Everything else did the waves: they turned the sharp edges of the stones and carried them ashore.

As you can see both examples well illustrate the law of ideality. When using this law, it is important for solving tasks. Do not forget the word "myself" ("Sami", "itself"). There is no focus or trick. Remembering that the system itself, due to the use of resources, reaches the required action, we immediately compress many weak and helpless solutions.

Indeed, the drivers themselves (without a living policeman) began to comply with the rules, the seaside course of themselves (without attracting machines) runs up the edges of the stones, tourists themselves (without innovation and requests) replenish the city treasury Madrid ..

We have already disassembled five tools that help to cope with complex tasks, creatively solve problems and find cool ideas:, and.

Today it will be about the systemic and almost the ideal way to solve problems using the theory of solutions of inventive tasks (TRIZ). One of the basic concepts of TRIZ was the ICR (the perfect end result) - the situation when the desired result is obtained by itself, without additional costs.

IKR is a way to solve problems with minimal, practically zero resource costs. It helps to overcome the template thinking and formulate the best of solutions.

There are three main wording of ICR:

• The system itself performs this feature.
• There are no systems, but it is executed (using resources).
• The function is not needed.

Why exactly TRIZ?

In 1946, Henry Saulovich Altshuller began working on the creation of the theory of inventive tasks, the purpose of which was the study and a description of the mechanisms for the development of technical systems and the creation of practical methods for solving inventive tasks.

The main difference between TRIZ from all other methodologies and techniques (synthetics, the method of focal objects, morphological analysis) is that it is not based on the embodiment of options, which greatly complicates the rapid and guaranteed results.

How does the ICR method work?

To get the ICR, you need to consider all the elements and processes of the task, to determine the main process that must be improved. Ideally, he will have to execute "himself."

For the formulation of the ICR, we must assume that the system or part of it perform the required action "independently", without cost, without external resources. Or submit that there are no systems, but all its functions are performed. Everyone likes the ideal system, it is introduced by itself, does not require additional resources and does not spoil anything.

What is it for me?

IKR helps to think productively. If you have learned to formulate IKR, your life has already become better, as you started thinking in the direction of the perfect result and evaluate the resources of the system in which your task is.

IKR is the most popular TRIZ tool for use in ordinary life and business.

Want to become happy? Write down 10 IRS wording for this task. Want to get? Write down 10 IRS wording for this task. Want no one to give you? Write down 10 IRS wording for this task. It sounds simple and works fine.

What method do you have alternatives?

• Work in the group. It is possible to work with the ICR alone, but you can connect to the solution of your colleagues. It is very easy to develop and conduct a brainstorming according to the rules of ICR in the company and get a lot of strong solutions.
• "NOT IKR", or "Anti-ICR". This is "reversed" when you formulate the solution of the problem with "not". That is, you must convince yourself that some item itself will not be able to perform the function.

How to use ICR to solve a creative task?

1. Write down the task.
2. Tune in to the fact that you will find a solution.
3. Do not be afraid to look or sound stupid. It is better to look silly, but to solve the task than to look smart, but not solve.
4. Disassemble the task on the part, write them down.
5. Analyze what resources you have, write down the elements of the system.
6. Word CFR (for each part of the task, write down three formulations of the ICR, which are presented at the beginning of the post).
7. Choose the formulations in which you come to the elements of the system and do not complicate anything.

How to fix it in practice?

Formulate up to 10 ICR options for the next household task.

There is no garbage chute in your house. Your neighbor on the floor takes a bag of garbage from the apartment every evening and puts it in the general corridor. In the morning he throws him on the garbage. Overnight in the corridor accumulates an unpleasant smell.

I first determine all the elements of the system, then find the ICR using three wording. Write your answers in the comments.