Car oils and everything you need to know about motor oils. Car oils and everything you need to know about Sae 80w90 engine oils decoding

Many drivers often ask the question, what are the characteristics of 80W90 oil, when can it be filled? Of course, every car enthusiast is simply obliged to know exactly which car oil is suitable for the gearbox of his car. Today, semi-synthetic has become very popular transmission oil 80w-90, which is of great interest.

Properties

Unlike numerous analogues, this semisynthetics has a lot of positive characteristics. The main ones are:

• Prevents the appearance of corrosion;
• Does not foam;
• Protects the surface of parts from scuffing;
• Does not destroy the material of the seals;
• Resistant to thermal oxidation;
• Possesses minimal toxicity and excellent viscosity.

Due to the additives that make up the oil, it can begin to thicken.

What tasks does 80W90 gear oil perform:

• Removes heat from rotating parts;
• Eliminates the effects of wear;
• Reduces friction force;
• Protects the box from corrosion;
• Reduces vibration;
• Promotes quiet operation of the transmission.

Creates a strong oil film on the surface of the part, preventing premature wear.

Viscosity

To investigate properties transmission fluid two samples were taken:

The viscosity of both oils was approximately the same. However, 80W90, which has a thickening property, is capable of becoming liquid when the temperature is negative. Non-thickened fluids of type 85W90 do not have such properties.

Difference of 80W90 GL-4 oil from GL-5

Many car owners believe that 80W90 GL-5 mineral transmission oil is much better than GL-4, as its characteristics are much better. This opinion is not entirely true. Each brand has a specific purpose.

With the same parameters, they differ in composition, more precisely, in additives. 80W-90 GL-4 contains 4% EP additives and 80W-90 GL-5 contains 6.5%. It would seem that the more the better. However, such oil cannot be poured into the gearbox of cars manufactured by AvtoVAZ. The GL-5 will simply erase all synchronizers.

GL-4 grease is suitable for our Zhiguli. It will not affect the operation of synchronizers. The EP additives included in the composition help to restore the functions of damaged surfaces.

A strong, very thin film forms on them. As a result, a reduction in the wear of the part becomes noticeable. These additives include:

1. Phosphorus.
2. Sulfur and its compounds.

You can safely fill the boxes of foreign cars with 80W-90 GL5 oil.

Lukoil TM 4 80w90

Among transmission oils Lukoil 80W90 TM 4 is considered one of the best. High quality grease that can be used in gearboxes of any passenger car, as well as in oil-immersed trucks. The basis of the lubrication is refined mineral oils. The composition also includes a unique package of additives that significantly improve its properties.

The liquid does not change its properties in winter cold. Of course, it is not included in the premium group, however, for ordinary passenger cars may be considered the most appropriate.

Advantages:

• Excellent composition.
• It can work at any temperature.
• Facilitates engine starting at subzero temperatures.
• Due to the presence of certain additives, it protects parts from high wear.
• Low cost.

All composition parameters are indicated on the container.

The use of special transmission lubricants is as necessary as it is for power unit... But, unlike an engine, there is a significant difference in viscosity grade and characteristics between these materials. One of the most popular examples is 80W90 oil, which is used mostly in regions with moderate cold in winter and intense heat in summer.

How does 80W90 stand for?

As well as motor lubricants are classified by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) according to their viscosity grade. However, for these types of fluids, different systems are used, which must be distinguished for the right choice suitable material. Decryption is best done in parts.

The name "80W" means that oils of this viscosity class solidify at temperatures from 25 to 30 degrees below zero. If the vehicle will be operated mainly in regions with very cold winters, it is best to prefer fluids containing the markings 75W, 70W and below. As for the number "90", it indicates the permissible limits for the use of oil in summer. The grease does not lose its characteristics at temperatures from 35 to 40 degrees above zero.

All in all, SAE 80W90 is a multi-grade, multi-grade drive axle and transmission fluid. They work well in the temperature range from -25 to 35 degrees, however, a number of manufacturers offer wider limits for the use of this consumable.

Characteristics

Gear oil has such a feature as the presence of additives that increase the density of the fluid. This is necessary for stable work lubricants under adverse weather conditions, as well as with a sharp temperature drop without losing key properties. In addition, they prevent evaporation, which can negatively affect the operation of the transmission in the long term.

The manual gearbox consists of many rubbing parts that are constantly in contact with each other due to the driver's switching speed modes... Naturally, the surfaces of these components must be lubricated with a specific fluid in order to protect against premature wear and to compensate for the effects of frictional forces. The transmission oil 80W90 has characteristics that allow it to prevent the occurrence of malfunctions. It is able to withstand severe loads, which are aggravated by severe frosts or heat.

An important task of the liquid in question is to ensure a smooth and silent work gearboxes. Unlubricated parts make it difficult to shift the lever, which leads to a deterioration in the condition of the entire transmission system. Moreover, this is the reason for strong grinding and other extremely unpleasant sounds indicating problems in the operation of mechanisms. The oil is designed to prevent these problems.

What oils should I use?

Only high-quality gear oil can provide reliable protection, therefore, the choice of a suitable lubricant must be approached very carefully.

If these conditions cannot be met, or they did not lead to the desired result, it is worth referring to the most popular and high-quality samples of lubricants offered by other manufacturers.

Excellent transmission consumables are distributed by Motul. The Gearbox oil model performs well in extreme conditions and is able to withstand maximum loads in the corresponding temperature conditions. Great option- Mobilube HD. The grease has a slightly higher frost resistance threshold than the previous version, although it is no worse in other characteristics.

Budget options can be of no less quality, although they will not have outstanding properties either. Among them, one can single out ZIC Gearoil and Lukoil TM-4, which operate quite reliably in the specified weather conditions, while their cost is 20–40% lower than that of the more expensive options discussed above.

Conclusion

Good gear oil is the key to smooth operation of the gearbox and drive axles. A popular option among car enthusiasts are greases with a viscosity class of 80W90, which are distinguished by good resistance to loads in severe frosts. It is important to approach the choice of this type of fluids with an arrangement, since they noticeably affect the car.

What is 80w90 gear oil, the characteristics and properties of this oil product - these questions are of interest to many motorists. Any happy owner vehicle sooner or later encounters certain technical requirements to your car. These requirements include the choice of transmission oil. What it is and why it is needed, we will consider, taking as an example the multigrade oil 80w90, and also determine the functions and properties of such oils in general. Any car has a transmission - a set of mechanisms designed to transfer torque from the engine to the wheels, to change the tractive effort, speed and direction of movement, thereby ensuring the movement of transport and the ability to control it. This entire system is susceptible to wear, overheating, corrosion and other negative factors. To ensure the performance of all mechanisms, transmission oils are used. The correct operation of the entire car depends on their quality and compliance with a specific type of gearbox, which is part of the transmission.

In any car there is a transmission, in order to ensure the performance of all mechanisms, transmission oils are used.

Functions and properties

Gear oil (international name Gear Oil, literally translated as gear oil) to maintain the working condition of the mechanisms must perform certain functions:

• carry out heat removal from surfaces subject to friction;
• prevent wear of rubbing parts by forming a stable oil film between them;
• remove wear products from the connection zones where friction of parts occurs;
• reduce losses due to friction in gear couplings;
• protect parts from corrosive processes;
• By filling the gaps between mating surfaces, significantly reduce such indicators as vibration, noise and load on the gears.

Rather stringent requirements are set for such oils, since their mode of operation is quite extreme: high pressure, high sliding speed and wide temperature range.

When evaluated, they must be endowed with a certain set of properties. The main ones are:

• anti-corrosion properties;
• antifoam - resistance to oil foaming during the working process and the formation of an air-oil mixture, which inevitably leads to corrosive processes;
• antiwear and extreme pressure;
• not aggressive towards non-ferrous metals and rubber seals of structures;
• thermo-oxidative stability - long-term invariability in the working process and during storage;
• low toxicity;
• good viscosity-temperature properties provide the desired quality of lubrication of parts, taking into account a wide range of temperatures - from very low to maximum high.

Such consumable, like 80w90 oil, contains additives that contribute to thickening, that is, it belongs to thickened liquids.

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Viscosity-temperature properties in the SAE classification

In the international SAE (American Society of Engineers) viscosity classification, there is the SAE J306 standard. It dictates the viscosity performance requirements of gear oils and is based on low and high temperature performance in terms of SAE viscosity. Gear oils are different from engine oils. Therefore, so that, focusing on viscosity, there is no confusion when choosing an oil, they differ in marking for the same viscosity. Motor oils are nominally labeled from 0 to 60, and for transmission oils, the designations are assigned from 70 to 250. High-quality oil is distinguished by good lubricity, which directly depends on how successfully the surfaces of parts will be protected from friction and various kinds of damage. The higher the viscosity, the better the lubricating ability. The high viscosity is due to the high strength of the lubricating film.

Oil with a lower viscosity level tolerates low temperatures much better, without taking time to warm up the machine. But at the same time, the lubricating ability decreases, and with them many beneficial features oils. Also more liquid oil the penetrating power is much higher, it finds microcracks faster and flows out of the box. Of course, in modern technology, to prevent this, highly effective sealing means are used even at the stage of its production. But over time, they can also leak. In order to balance these indicators, find a kind of the golden mean, use special sets of additives. Depending on the application of the additives, transmission fluids are thickened and non-thickened.

With regard to viscosity, the oil is selected taking into account the maximum and minimum possible temperatures environment in which vehicles are operated. Thus, there is a division of oils into conditional series:

1. With the letter "w" (decoding winter) - winter row, for example, oil 80w.
2. The summer series is indicated simply by a number, for example, 90.
3. All-season or combined. They are marked with double markings, such as for 80w90 oil.

Many people know that all-seasons are produced with double marking, but not everyone knows what the decoding of this designation is.

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Deciphering the SAE 80w90 marking

We look at the container, we see the double marking SAE 80w90. The oil is multigrade, which means that it has two viscosity characteristics: 80w and 90. The winter indicator of 80w indicates that the liquid retains its fluidity at low temperatures down to -26 ° C. With respect to the summer indicator 90, the maximum operating ambient temperature is 35 ° C. Transmission oil 80w90, the characteristics of which we will consider below, has a temperature range from -26 ° C to 35 ° C. I would like to emphasize that you should not be fooled by the name all-season, this is not a very correct definition. So, for example, the lowest temperature among the combined oils (75w80 and 75w90) have a range from -40 to 35 ° C. And the most heat-resistant among them 85w90 - with limits from -12 to 40 ° C.

For those who live in these temperature limits, it is really all-season, but Russia is large, and residents of the northern regions, where frosts exceed 40, it is still better to choose from winter oils... For example, 70w, designed for freezing temperatures down to -55 ° C.

Transmission oil 80W90, the characteristics of which we will consider today, can be attributed to the average between the viscosity grades 85W90 and 75W90. Let's find out in more detail what quality characteristics it differs from others.

Thickened and not thickened

They are thickened and not thickened. The latter are sometimes also called one-brand. In the first case, additives are installed that thicken the base. Then the transmission oil is indicated by two numbers: 80W90. The characteristics of single-grades are manifested in the fact that they are manufactured without the addition of thickeners. They are denoted by one number - for example, 80, 90, 140.

Viscosity and temperature conditions

When conducting comparative analysis the viscosity in operation for the two types (samples were taken to compare the viscosity grades of SAE 80W90 and 85W90) was approximately the same. But when working at low temperatures, thickened species become more liquid when compared to non-thickened ones. Therefore, in this indicator, they show themselves better. On the other hand, single-grade greases work more stably in the appropriate and normal temperature conditions for them. And this is also a very important parameter when working, especially in harsh operating conditions.

Transmission oils 80W90 and 85W90 have the same viscosity at operating temperature one hundred degrees. But if you take a minus mark of twenty degrees, then the difference will be many times different.

Sometimes the manufacturers themselves call all thickened types of lubricating fluids all-season. But this is not an entirely correct statement. So, the characteristics will show serviceable at minus 26 ° C, 75W90 - at minus 40 ° C, and 85W90 - only at minus 12 ° C. Thus, for residents of the southern regions, all indicators really turn out to be suitable for year-round use. But for those who live in the northern regions, the parameters 85W90, and sometimes 80W90, will be clearly insufficient.

Welding load: foreign and domestic requirements

When comparing lubricants, the main metric to look at is the weld load. It is determined on a conventional 4-ball friction machine. Since transmission oil 80W90, the characteristics of which have a group according to the API classification, belongs to the GL 5 group (and it assumes operation in heavily loaded axles and with viscosity class 85W90, the result according to the standard should be from 3280 N. The samples under consideration according to the results tests showed from 3283 to 4635 N. This indicates the presence of good quality characteristics of transmission lubricating fluids.

But besides this classification, there is another, domestic one. According to it, the requirements are even stricter than those in the API abroad and for foreign cars. For example, according to representatives of the AvtoVAZ company, the GL 5 class should produce results of at least 3483 N, and in AZLK all 3924 N are considered the norm. Therefore, if you focus on domestic manufacturers, the test results will no longer seem so satisfactory.

Everyone's favorite "Castrol"

You can consider a specific non-thickened Castrol oil. All its indicators, except for viscosity at a certain temperature, will be no worse than thickened lubricating fluids. Moreover, the wider the working range, the more difficult it will be to compare thickened milk with non-thickened milk. For example, if gear oil 80W90 (GL 5 according to API classification) shows good viscosity at the centigrade mark, maintains the load at the proper level, and maintains excellent low-temperature properties, then the non-thickened oil will support the load in the same way as an SAE 90 grease, or will have similar low temperature properties to an SAE 80 grade oil.

So, "Castrol" of the EPX80 group showed a result close to the 80W90 under consideration in terms of cold resistance. At the same time, its welding load cannot be called excellent.

However, this result does not mean that non-thickened transmission oil is worse than thickened. This only indicates that it should be operated in more suitable conditions.

What are the optimal characteristics

So good qualitative characteristic the viscosity is 150 degrees Celsius and above 5 square millimeters per second. At low temperatures, an excellent viscosity is one that does not increase by more than 150,000 mPa * s. The temperature indicator that will be at this dimension is the limiting one to ensure the normal operation of the transmission. If lubricating fluid will be used at a lower value, it will have a bad effect on automotive mechanisms.

What kind of oil to fill in a manual transmission

Previously, such a question simply did not arise. It was enough just to indicate to the seller that they needed engine or transmission oil. But now, when store shelves are overflowing with many types of oils, you have to understand their various parameters in order to eventually understand which oil to pour into or automatic.

For example, it is known that GL 4 and GL 5 groups are suitable for passenger cars, and even lower for domestic ones.

But when it comes to viscosity, it is more complicated. For example, if you take transmission oil 80W90 (reviews of motorists in this are similar to the results of independent tests), then they have more cold-resistant characteristics than 85W90 and can easily be used at temperatures from -20 to -25 o C. At the same time, for a transmission 85W90 viscosity grade, normal operation will only be ensured up to minus 12 o C.

Both the oil group and its viscosity are indicated on the canister packaging. Therefore, all that remains for the car enthusiast is simply to figure out the necessary parameters for his car and choose a certain brand of oil.

Lukoil TM 4: transmission oil 80W90, price, characteristics

Having understood the main characteristics, you can move on to certain types of transmission lubricating fluids.

In number the best oils the class under consideration includes the Lukoil 80W90 TM 4 transmission oil. This is a simple and inexpensive, but high-quality lubricating fluid that will work perfectly both on passenger cars and on oil-intensive trucks. It is made on a mineral basis. In addition to the base, the grease contains a package of additives that improve its properties. It shows itself well even at very low temperatures and is able to remain in working condition for a long time. Of course, the oil cannot be called elite, but for "workhorses" this transmission is just what you need.

The benefits of the oil are as follows:

• simple and reliable composition;
• large temperature range;
• good work at low temperatures;
• the presence of wear-resistant and other additives that improve quality;
• low price.

API compatibility - GL 4 is the only drawback that this 80W90 gear oil has. The price will seem tempting to many: from 137 rubles per liter. For comparison: TNK TransHypoid 80W90 costs 539 rubles per liter; Motul Gearbox 80W90 - 855 rubles; Ford 80W90 - 1300 rubles.

A drivetrain is the integrity of the mechanisms that transmit engine torque to the wheels so that the vehicle can drive. Also, thanks to the transmission, the car changes the traction force, can change the speed and direction of movement.

Periodic jamming of the gearbox and the inability to switch speeds indicates that the transmission units are not in order. In these cases, it is not always necessary to replace the unit itself, sometimes it is enough to prevent and replace the transmission fluid, namely the oil. On average, gear oil changes are made after 50,000 km.

Before pouring gear oil into a car, you need to familiarize yourself with the parameters and characteristics of the protective fluid. Similar information is written by the car manufacturer in the service book for the operation of the car.

Transmission oils are universal, all-season, summer, winter, for cars with front and rear wheel drive, small freight transport, jeeps and for heavy equipment coupled with city vehicles. Actually, you can already see that their classification is similar to engine oils, however, they also have a gradation according to SAE.

In the world it is customary to call such oils Gear Oil, which literally means gear oil.

Functionality of transmission oils:

• heat removal from surfaces rubbing against each other;
• prevention of wear of rubbing surfaces of parts, through the formation of a protective oil film;
• neutralize wear products from friction zones;
• reduce frictional losses in mechanisms with gear clutches;
• prevent corrosion of car units;
• nullify noise, vibration and loads on gear mechanisms by filling the gaps between them.

Properties of transmission oils:

1. Anti-corrosion;
2. Anti-foaming;
3. Anti-seize;
4. Antiwear;
5. Saving rubber elements of cars in relation to non-ferrous metals;
6. Resistance to thermal oxidation;
7. Non toxicity;
8. Resistant to temperature changes without loss of viscosity.

As an illustrative example, consider the 80w90 gear oil, which is most in demand among the consumer. As we said above, transmission oils, like engine oils, are subject to SAE classification. In the international community, such oils are usually equated to the J306 SAE standard. This is the main indicator of the viscosity of TM, which is based on the temperature properties of the oil (low and high temperatures). The SAE marking of engine oils is assigned to the interval 0 - 60, for the transmission - 70 - 250.

Good quality gear oil works in any conditions, the higher its viscosity, the more reliable and durable the protective film for the units. Gear oils with a lower viscosity have greater fluidity, they are better able to withstand low temperatures, but at the same time their protective capabilities are significantly reduced. It is ideal to find a middle ground so that the fluidity is good and the oil quickly fills all microcracks and the protection film is thick and reliable enough. For this, modern gear oils are equipped with additives, by analogy with engine oils. The property of acting as a sealant is obtained even during production, before the addition of additive packages.

After adding additives, TM fluids are divided into categories: non-thickened and thickened.

How to decode 80w90 gear oil?

This fluid for 80w90 transmissions is deciphered as follows:

• Letter W - winter(example 80W) - does not lose its properties at a temperature of -26 degrees Celsius, while maintaining good fluidity.
• 90 - summer- the oil is not exposed to overheating at a climatic temperature of + 35 degrees Celsius. This should not be confused with motor oils, which work in the engine and are less dependent on ambient temperatures.
• 80W90- multigrade (combined) transmission oil, therefore there is a double marking.

Ideal working conditions for 80w90 gear oil are -26 to +35 degrees.

Reference! As in any combinatorial theory, there are no ideals in combi-TM, therefore, speaking about all-seasonality, it should be borne in mind that there are limit points for climatic temperatures. For example, the most frost-resistant oils among all-weather oils are 75w80 and 75w90 - their limit is from -40 to +35, and the most heat-resistant 85w90 with an interval from -12 to +40.

80w90 specifications

Despite the fact that 80w90 gear oil is produced different manufacturers, their characteristics are uniform. Only the additive packages that each manufacturer adds at its discretion can differ, in any case adhering to world standards, since otherwise the TM will not pass certification.

• SAE viscosity classification - 80w90;
• density 0.9 kg / m3 at +15 degrees Celsius;
• coefficient of kinematic viscosity from 14 to 19 cSt at working +40, it all depends on the package of additives used;
• viscosity can change from 98 to 142, again due to the additive package;
• the limiting temperature for minus in the gearbox is from -16 to -30;
• flash point from 179 to 230.

Each manufacturer writes information on all the characteristics of 80w90 transmission oil on the package. As in engine oils the front label contains the main parameters of 80w90; TM - 4 80w90; TM - 4 SAE 80w90 or SAE 80w90. Domestic manufacturers also use the SAE abbreviation, indicating that the product belongs to the global classification and has been certified.

80w90 reviews - what do car owners say?

Judging by the reviews of car owners, everyone makes their own choice. Despite the existing negative reviews about Lukoil, many still choose it, when choosing it, you just need to better check and not get caught for a fake. Also popular ZIC oils and TNK 80w90.