What is vsc. Stability control system vsc: how does it save us from skidding? Directional stability: the whole car is under control

29.02.2016

Modern cars are “stuffed” with electronics, which take on many different functions - controlling the engine, brakes, fuel supply system, and so on. In turn, car owners do not always know what tasks a particular system performs. In this article we will pay attention to such popular devices as VSC, BAS and EBD.

EBD system

1. Purpose. The abbreviation EBD stands for Electronic Brake Force Distribution or, translated into Russian, “Brake Force System”. The main task of the system is to prevent the rear wheels from locking by controlling the brakes on the rear axle of the car. This feature is easy to explain. Most machines are built in such a way that rear axle takes on less of the load. Therefore, to improve vehicle stability on the road, the front wheels should lock before the rear wheels.

When heavy braking occurs, the load on rear wheels decreases due to the movement of the center of gravity. As a result, instead of effective braking, you can get wheel locking. The purpose of the EBD system is to eliminate such a problem. In this case, the operating algorithm itself is set programmatically and is a kind of addition to the ABS system.

Thus, the braking force system is based on standard ABS, but at the same time performs a broader function. Common names for the system data are Elektronishe Bremskraftverteilung or Electronic Brake Force Distribution. U different manufacturers The name of the system may vary, but the operating principle remains the same.

2. Construction features. If we consider the system in more detail, its operation is based on cyclical execution of tasks. In this case, several main phases are included in one cycle:

• maintaining blood pressure levels;
• pressure level reset to required level;
• rise in pressure level.

The ABS control unit collects data from sensors that monitor wheel speed, and then compares the forces of the rear and front wheels. If the difference is greater than a specified value, then the principle of distribution of forces of the braking system is activated.

Based on the current difference in signals from each of the sensors, the control unit makes a decision regarding the exact moment to lock the rear wheels. At the same time, it gives a command to close the intake valves in the brake cylinder circuits (naturally, for the rear axle). At this stage, the pressure is maintained at a given level and remains unchanged. In turn, the front wheel intake valves open and remain in this position. The pressure in the front circuit continues to increase until the wheels are locked.

If the rear wheels continue to lock, the exhaust valves open. As a result, the pressure in the brake cylinders of the rear wheels decreases to the required limit. If angular velocity the wheels of the rear axle begins to grow and exceeds a certain parameter, then the pressure in the circuit will increase and the wheels will brake.

As a rule, the force distribution system stops working when the front wheels lock. At the same time, it is connected to work ABS system, which does not allow the wheels to lock and allows the driver to maneuver even when sharp pressing on the brake pedal.

BAS system

1. Purpose. Among the assistance systems modern cars One cannot fail to mention the Brake Assist System, or BAS for short. This system is an algorithm that provides assistance in case of emergency pressing of the brake pedal. Compared to the system discussed above, BAS is more simple to operate. Its task is to assist the driver and “squeeze” the maximum out of the vehicle’s braking system.

The following situation can be given. The driver cannot “push” the brake to the limit (for example, the pedal is pressed too poorly or a bottle has fallen under it). As a result, the brake system worked, but not 100 percent. With a BAS system, the “brains” do everything independently and give the command to increase the braking speed.

The peculiarity of the Brake Assist System is that it operates completely automatically and is independent of the driver’s actions. The electronics analyze when it is necessary to assist the driver and strengthen the action of the brakes. In this case, the decision is made after analyzing information from a whole group of different sensors.

2. History of appearance. Special attention deserves the history of the appearance of this algorithm, which was created as auxiliary system for standard ABS. The first “swallows” on cars appeared in the early 70s of the last century. The pioneer was the Chrysler car.

At the present stage, everything has changed. If previously the Brake Assist System was installed only on expensive cars and was presented as an exclusive algorithm, then at the present stage such systems are installed on almost all classes of cars. So, recently the committee Euro NCAP The results of installing BAS systems on vehicles from different manufacturers were summed up. Almost immediately after this, it was decided to introduce this device as mandatory for installation. In particular, a car does not receive a five-star test for safety if it does not have such a system on board. Such a revolutionary innovation helped push manufacturers to create even safer and more efficient cars.

There is confidence that after some time BAS systems will become mandatory and will be installed on all production models. Already today they are on such popular cars as Ford Focus or Chevrolet Aveo, the cost of which ranges from half a million to a million rubles. Despite the fact that previously such systems were installed only on Volvo or Mercedes cars.

3. Operating principle. A special feature of the BAS system is its ability to work with different braking systems, both hydraulic and air. To recognize the situation, various measuring instruments are used (installed at different points of the car):

• sensor that controls wheel speed;
• a sensor that records the speed of movement of the amplifier rod; the task of this device is to record the force of pressing the accelerator pedal;
• a sensor that monitors the pressure level in the brake system; here the principle is similar to the previous device; the difference is that this unit is used for hydraulics, and not for vacuum booster as in the previous case.

Based on its operating principle, BAS controls fluid pressure. It's easy to explain. The hydraulics are configured in such a way that the entire mechanism is controlled by a hydraulic drive. In this case, the brake pedal only transfers force from the foot to the brake system cylinder. Thanks to the pressure created, the piston begins to move, and the brake system mechanism begins to compress. The BAS algorithm keeps blood pressure under control brake fluid in the cylinders, adding or decreasing the force of the braking system.

4. Types. Such systems are conventionally divided into several categories and may vary:

• by the number of sensors that are used to take readings;
• by functionality.

The most reliable systems are installed on Mercedes and BMW cars. The peculiarity of the products is that they take into account a number of factors - the condition of the road, the force on the brake pedal, the distance to the car moving in front, and so on.

If the car's main focus is on the pneumatic drive, then the compressed air is adjusted. The latter moves the piston and improves the quality of the brakes. This function is due to the ability to regulate air pressure.

VSC system

IN automotive world The exchange rate stability system has been known for a long time. At the same time, many car enthusiasts are still confused about the designations. The reason is simple - almost every manufacturer has its own name for this system. For example, in Volvo cars it is called VSA, in Hyundai, Kia and Honda - ESC, in Jaguar, Rover and BMW cars - DSC, in almost all brands of cars made in the USA and EU countries - ESP, in Toyota - VSC and so on. . However, regardless of the name, the principle of operation remains the same.

1. Purpose. Stability control is installed to improve the overall handling of the vehicle by identifying and adjusting certain functions in critical situations. Since 2011, this system has become mandatory for installation on cars in the EU countries, Canada and the USA. Using the system, you can maintain the car within a given trajectory.

2. Operating principle. The peculiarity of the VSC system from the manufacturer TRW is the combination of all positive qualities and ABS functionality, new system control, as well as control of the lateral pull of the machine. In addition, the exchange rate stability system takes on the functions of a spotter and eliminates the problems of each of the above systems. This is especially noticeable when operating the car on slippery sections of the road.

The VSC sensor monitors the operating modes of the gearbox and power unit, the pressure in brake system and wheel rotation. After collecting data, it transmits the information to the control unit. The computer receives and processes information. After assessing the situation, he decides what command to issue to the actuators. The level of performance largely depends on the capabilities of the electronics, so in critical situations the system protects the self-confident driver and corrects obvious driving errors.

The operating principle of the device can be described with an example. The car is moving at speed and making a turn. In this case, the resulting force tries to move the car off the road - to the outside of the turn or to throw it to the side. If the turn occurs at high speed, then there is a high risk of drifting into a ditch. The driver realizes the mistake and begins to act completely inappropriately - he presses the brake and twists the steering wheel in the direction in which he is turning. This is where the VSC system makes a decision with lightning speed and prevents the wheels from locking. In this case, the braking forces are redistributed and the car is leveled. All this work of the system takes no more than a few seconds.

Abbreviation for stability control system V.S.C. stands for Vehicle Stability Control.

Electronic constantly monitors the basic parameters of the vehicle’s movement: speed and direction of movement. At the same time, the system constantly compares the received parameters from the sensors with the actions of the driver and works out the loss of vehicle traction, due to which a skid may occur. The main sensors are sensors, and special yaw, acceleration and steering sensors are also used.

When the system ( V.S.C.) detects loss of control, it instantly transmits individual braking force to each wheel. Stability control also closes throttle valve, until the car is brought out of the skid state, while the rotation of both the front and rear axles is compensated.

As a result of measuring lateral acceleration, yaw rate (skidding/steering out) and the rotation speed of each wheel, the exchange rate stability system ( V.S.C.) compares the driver's intentions (steering, braking) with the vehicle's response. The system then brakes one or more wheels and/or limits engine thrust to prevent skidding or skidding. However, it is obvious that such a system cannot override the physical limitations of a given chassis, and if the driver forgets about this, stability control system(VSC) will not be able to prevent an accident, since it is not able to overcome the laws of physics and ensure better grip than is possible under the given conditions

Often the system V.S.C. triggers much earlier than the driver begins to feel a loss of traction roadway. In this case, the start of the system operation is indicated sound signal and the indicator on the dashboard lights up.

First Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) was released by Robert Bosch GmbH in 1995 and was installed on top versions Mercedes-Benz cars and BMW. There are many names for electrohydraulic stability control systems. Different manufacturers call this system differently: ESP, VDS, DSC, VSC. Often, without reference to the car, the system bears the abbreviation ESC (Electronic Stability Control). In any case, such a system includes anti-lock braking system (ABS), traction control (TRC) and yaw control (rotation of the car around a vertical axis).

According to statistics, the exchange rate stability system ( V.S.C.) reduces the number of accidents by 35% per year. It is also worth noting that if VSC were installed on all cars, more than 10,000 accidents could be avoided within one year.

However, I want to note that the presence of this system does not make the driver omnipotent. Don't blindly believe that you are safe. The road has always been and remains a place of increased danger. No system can compensate for the errors of speeding and aggressive driving. Yes, stability control system (vsc) can help in difficult situation, but it’s better not to bring it to such moments. Take care of yourself and your loved ones!

Today we will try to explain and answer the question: What is VSC in a car? In fact, Vehicle Stability Control, or in its abbreviation VSC, is a car's exchange rate stability system.

Check VSC is installed in the vehicle to constantly monitor its speed and direction of travel. This electronic system continuously compares the parameters actually produced during vehicle maneuvers with the acceleration or braking specified by the driver. VSC helps replenish lost traction to prevent skidding.

Stability control - essential assistance to the driver in maintaining control vehicle when driving in normal conditions and during difficult weather situations. However, the presence of VSC in the car is not a panacea or 100% protection against

The safety of the driver largely depends on himself: on his experience and driving style, compliance with the rules traffic and maintaining the vehicle in proper order. You cannot rely on the system while ignoring basic safety rules. The effectiveness of VSC in preventing loss of control depends directly on the speed of the vehicle, the driver's response, the wear condition and quality of the tires on the wheels, and the availability and quality of the road surface.

The system allows you to control stability during vehicle maneuvers. Check VSC uses electronic sensor data to manage over- or under-maneuverability in critical situations. Lack of maneuverability contributes to the loss of vehicle traction on the front wheels, causing the front axle to shift. Excessive maneuverability leads to loss of traction by the rear wheels and, accordingly, the rear axle moves away from the vehicle’s trajectory.

By braking with one wheel or several at once, the system limits traction car engine, in order to prevent skidding or drift. However, the driver should remember that VSC is not omnipotent and cannot, defying the laws of physics, provide proper traction in critical situations.

Independent international studies have proven the invaluable benefits and effectiveness of the work. electronic system VSC in providing real assistance to the driver in maintaining control of the car, minimizing the risk of vehicle collisions and thereby saving human lives. Provided that this system functioned in every car, 10,000 people would not die in accidents every year.

However, direct users of this electronic system have divided opinions. Some consider it the most important safety feature (like the belts of the same name). Others claim that " guaranteed safety“only encourages the reckless driver to make daring decisions and risky maneuvers when driving a car. In general, such “electronic gadgets” encourage aggressive and distracted driving.

Some experienced drivers refuse to use stability control, claiming that it deprives them of the opportunity to experience the real dynamics of the purchased vehicle. And in general, the “electronic nanny” spoils all the pleasure you get from independent driving.

Therefore, in order to please all customers at once, some manufacturers, when installing the VSC system in a car, also provide a button to turn it off. And some cars have a function for changing the settings of the electronic system so that it only works when there is a significant skid or drift.

Another important complaint about VSC is that it allows “reckless drivers” to drive the car steadily at fairly high speeds. And when the would-be racer “crosses the line,” the collision occurs at “cosmic” speed and entails dire consequences.

However, reasonable use of the VSC system can improve the comfort and safety of driving a car and significantly reduce the number of deaths during accidents.

In addition to ABS, TSC, ESP, there is also an electronic program called EBD - electronic brake force distribution. This system usually acts as a complement to ABS, TSC and ESP, optimizing primarily the braking forces on the rear wheels.

When is EBD in demand? Under normal conditions, the main load falls on the brakes of the front wheels, which have better contact with the road, because when braking the car seems to “peck” its nose, redistributing the weight to the front. But imagine that you need to brake when the car is going uphill - the main load now falls on the rear wheels. The EBD system is designed for such cases.

How Brake Assist works

A system has appeared designed to improve the performance of the brakes - Brake Assist System (BAS). BAS is turned on by a command from a sensor that registers too fast movement of the brake pedal, indicating the start of emergency braking, and ensures that the maximum possible fluid pressure is created in the brakes. In vehicles with ABS, fluid pressure is limited to prevent wheel locking.

Therefore BAS is designed to create maximum pressure in the braking system only at the initial moment of emergency stopping of the vehicle. But even this is enough to reduce braking distance by 15% when braking from a speed of 100 km/h. This reduction braking distance could be decisive: BAS could save someone's life.

The potential of autobraking is enormous. Even the simplest systems save lives: if the speed before impact is reduced by 5%, the likelihood of death is reduced by 25%. And according to real accident statistics in six European countries, auto braking systems reduce the risk of injury in an accident by 40%.

Unlike BAS and contrary to popular belief, ABS and ESP do not reduce braking distance, but, on the contrary, often increase it. Ultimately, traction is determined by the tread pattern, section width and tire performance, and ABS and ESP do not allow the tread to show "character". On asphalt, the increase in braking distance is insignificant (or does not appear), but on loose snow, gravel, and loose soil, the loss in braking distance can reach 20%.

However, on a slippery ice surface, ABS support, on the contrary, ensures a reduction in the distance to a complete stop by 15% compared to a car without ABS, the wheels of which were skidded to a stop. The main thing is that ABS in a critical situation retains the ability to control the car, and ESP also helps to return the car to a safe trajectory.

How VSC works

Another innovation in braking technology is the VSC system. It combines the advantages and capabilities of ABS, traction control and lateral drift control. It also compensates for some of the inherent shortcomings of each system, which ensures confident driving even on winding, slippery roads.

The VSC sensor monitors the operating modes of the engine and transmission, the rotation speed of each wheel, pressure in the brake system, steering angle, lateral acceleration and yaw, and the received data is transmitted to the unit electronic control. The VSC microcomputer, having processed information from the sensors and assessed the situation, makes the only correct decision for a particular situation and issues a command to the actuators. In situations that could become an emergency due to excessive confidence or due to insufficient driver experience, the VSC system will correct his actions, will correct the error and prevent the car from getting out of control.

Suppose the car enters a bend at too high a speed, and the driver, realizing that he made a mistake in his choice, makes another mistake - he brakes sharply or turns the steering wheel excessively in the direction of the turn. Having received information from the sensors, the VSC system instantly registers that the car is in a critical position, and, preventing the wheels from locking to the point of skidding, redistributes the braking forces on the wheels to counteract the car's rotation around the vertical axis.

Why car owners upper class must have important safety features? They must be installed on all vehicles to protect the driver and passengers. In the near future, VSC will become commonplace, just like ABS.