Check starter directly. Checking the starter from the battery do it yourself

November 17, 2016.

The starter tests when working serious mechanical loads, so after several years of operation of the car there is always a risk of breakdown in this node. If, when you turn the ignition key, the auto refuses to start, then one of the reasons for this can be directly versed the starter. Next, we will tell you how to decide on the node responsible for the occurrence of the fault and how to check the starter for performance.

Prerequisites for the diagnosis of the node under consideration

We list the features indicating that the starter is the cause of the impossibility of starting the engine:

1. It does not hear his trigger when turning the ignition key in the lock.
2. Starter does not turn off after the motor start.
3. The crankshaft with the rotating anchor of the device is not rotated, and the machine can not get started.
4. When triggered, a strong outsidered noise is heard, grinds.

Before shooting the unit and check it, you need to exclude simple reasons Similar behavior of the car. It is necessary to make sure that the wires connecting the battery terminals and the starter directly have a reliable connection.

The battery also should not be discharged. If there is no multimeter at hand, simply turn on the headlights and serve a beep. If the light is dim, and the sound is not loud enough, then the battery is most likely discharged. In this case, you will have to "divide" from another car or charge the battery.

Further diagnostics "on site" without dismantling the device

If the reason is not in the discharged battery, do the following:

1. From the findings of the ignition lock, disconnect the wires and briefly close them with each other. If the starter works, it is faulty simply lock. In this case, you will need to start a motor, put the wires in place and continue the movement.
2. If the described method did not help, and the ignition lock is correct, an additional high-voltage wire will be needed for further check. One end to connect it with the output of the traction relay, and others touch the positive terminal of the battery. The starter response will indicate a break in the circuit from the traction relay to the battery.

If everything described above has not forced the starter to work, then the reason for the impossibility of starting the engine lies in this mechanism. It will need to be dismantled and follow further instructions describing how to check the serviceability of the part.

If the starter does not spin crankshaft?

This is one of the most frequent breakdowns Starter. A malfunction may indicate a clearly audible idle sound of its operation when the ignition is turned on. This means that the weden of the Machine's crankshaft flywheel did not engage with the Bendix of the starter (the gear of the overtaking coupling). The relay simply cannot nominate the gear forward, which is why, rotating in itself, the starter does not spin the engine. In this case, you need to check the relay, and bendix, since both mechanisms can cause breakage.

Bendix check

At this stage, the starter will not be required. You can check the device like this:

• turn on the transmission
• hatch the brake pedal,
• run the starter.

Bendix will need to be repaired or replaced if the test of the rotating anchor will be heard during the described verification. This speaks about the problem of Bindix. If you do not hear anything like this, you will have to go to check the retractor relay.

Checking the retractor relay

To check the starter, you will need to immediately dismantle. To do this, first from the device are disconnected by the appropriate wires to it, then two or three mounting bolts are then unscrewed. Usually work is carried out in the observation pit.

After extracting out open space The details under consideration should be cleaned of it from the dirt, and the contacts to clean up the "sandpaper" to remove oxidized deposits. Further:

1. Prepare a pair of wires for "cigarette" with "crocodiles", and the diagnostic device is located near the battery.
2. The first wire is connected by one end to the plus terminal of the battery, the other to the positive output of the retractor relay (where a large nut).
3. Connect the second wire to the minus battery terminal.
4. The free end of the "minus" wire tap the part of the part.

If at the same time a click of the retractor relay will be clearly heard, then you can state the serviceability of the car or at least the device component being checked. If nothing happens, then the retractor relay must be changed or repaired.

Checking the electric motor device

If only clicks of the traction relay are heard when the ignition is turned on, then, in addition to faults, the relay contacts can be covered in the non-working starter electric motor. Check its condition in the following way:

1. Clamp dismantled out motor compartment Aggregate in vice (since our goal is to force the electric motor to rotate).
2. Repeare again high voltage wires With "crocodiles". The connection scheme will be approximately the same - "minus" of the battery is connected to the device housing, and the "plus" instead of the control input is connected to the lower contact bolt of the traction relay.

Anchor of the working starter will start rotating at a speed of 5000 rpm (why it must be clamped in a vice or in the extreme case, press the foot). If the rotation does not occur, the starter electric motor is faulty and is subject to replacement.

Starter is one of the main nodes of any car. Without it, run the car is quite difficult. In general, these are reliable devices, however, the situation is not separated when the starter does not respond after turning the key in the ignition lock. But yesterday the engine started literally after a few seconds. If this situation found you on the road, you can quickly learn how to check the starter.

Types of faults

To better understand what happened to the starter, you should figure out what faults can happen to him. They can be mechanical or electrical. TO mechanical breakdowns Believe those that occur as a result of wear or deformation of any of the nodes. Among the causes - errors in the process of use, lack of service, problems in the electrical part.

Electrical malfunctions are associated with problems in supplying voltage to the aggregate. In this case, the diagnosis is reduced to checking the absence of inter-touch closures, inspection of contact groups and working surfaces in search of possible begs.

Signs of malfunction

The starter rarely breaks suddenly. That there are problems with mechanical part, Various foreign sounds will be reported, the untimely triggering of the unit, extraneous smells. You can distinguish several basic signs that are most common. Knowing these signs, as well as knowing how to check the starter for performance, you can quickly solve problems with it.

Starter turns not constantly

But at the same time the electrical engine of the node rotates constantly. In the process of passing, you can hear a characteristic crackling and grinding metal about metal. Among possible faults You can select the wear of the fork, breaking the damper spring, the wear of the gear.

As for more accurate diagnostics, the unit needs to be removed. Knowing this symptom and others, as well as knowing how to check the older vase, you can quickly and easily repair the device.

Starter rotates, but the engine does not twist

In this case, no heard outsided sounds. Most often, these breakdowns are associated with the failed fork. You can find exactly only after dismantling and disassembling the starter. Fork has low priceAnd even beginner motorists will be able to replace it.

The engine starts with a metal grinding

In this case, you need to drown out the motor.

Most likely, these sounds are caused by a pixel retractor relay, a fuzzy fork or gear. It is more accurate to determine what happened, you can after dismantling and defecting.

Periodically triggers, but may not work

In this case, it helps a blow to the mechanism of a small metal subject - you need to hit rear part Cases. If the motor becomes necessary, then you need to replace the brushes at the starter.

Starter clicks, but does not twist

In most cases, the reason is low battery charge. The battery voltage is enough only in order to work the relay, but the contract plate does not closer in the pyataks, the voltage on the starter motor is not supplied. If everything is in order with the battery, then it is possible, there is a burning of pyataks or no voltage on the power wire.

Starter rotates slowly when the battery is charged

This malfunction is associated with the wear of the sleeve, with contamination inside the starter electric motor. Determine what it happened, it is possible only after dismantling and defecting.

Relay check method

If the machine does not start, the reasons can also be in the starter breakdown. If the device is properly, the rotor closes the contacts of the retractor relay and the starter will work. If in a good starter at the time of the closure, nothing happened, then you need to check the relay. Let's see how to check the retractor starter relay.

The first thing you need is to dismantle the starter. Next, the relay is connected to the plus of the battery. The case is connected to a minus. With a good relay, a gear will be pulled out and a click will be heard. If there is no click, then the relay is faulty.

Among the reasons for the release of the relay, it is possible to highlight the burning of contacts that jammed by corrosion or dirt anchor, distilled windings.

But how to check the starter retractor relay without withdrawing? With your favorite method with a screwdriver. She closes contacts on the starter package - should sound a characteristic click. If the click is heard and can be seen how the gear moved, the starter is working.

Anchor starter

This element is a shaft, core. In its grooves there is a collector, as well as a winding. Anchor periodically fails due to closures in the winding. This situation occurs when overheating when the node works from a new battery. Within ten seconds, the current is reduced, and the starter is overheated at this moment, which is why the winding is melted. It is possible to determine what anchor is guilty in failures, it is possible only when inspection.

Diagnostics

Here's how to check the starter, if there is suspicion of non-working anchor. You can suspect this when the battery is charged, and the starter motor does not spin or spinning only a bit. Anchor check only dismantled.

The check is the following - a multimeter measured the resistance between the housing and the anchor windings. Resistance must be within a few moments. If the resistance from 0 to several Ohm, then the anchor is faulty.

But how to check the starter at home with a conventional light bulb. The lamp includes a gap through the anchor winding and for mass. The lamp should not light up. If she caught fire, it says about the breakdown of brushes.

Here is another way to check. You need to connect the current from the battery to the starter, but bypassing the retractor relay. If the electromotor works, then there are no problems. If not, then problems either with anchor themselves or brushes.

Check the anchor multimeter

Most often, the auto owner does not have a flaw detector and a control lamp at its disposal. Many know how to check the starter using the battery and the multimeter. But this is quite enough. Brushes, as well as windings are checked by the method described above. But the winding of the retractor relay is verified in the measurement mode of resistance - the indicators must be small.

So, the starter disassemble and measure the resistance between the brushes and the plate, the case and winding of the starter, the collector plates and the anchor core, between the case and the winding on the stator. Also measured the resistance between the ignition disconnection contact and constant +12 V - it is on the shunt bolt connecting the excitation windings. If everything is fine, then the resistance will be no more than 1-1.5 ohm.

Here's how to check the starter multimeter - check the resistance between the ignition with the ignition and the relay housing. Check the holding relay retracting winding. Resistance should be 2-2.5 ohms.

Bendix.

Check the Bendix simple enough, but the unit needs to be removed. In the vice gently clamp the housing of the overtaking clutch and try to twist it in one or the other side. Bendix should not rotate. If he is still rotating, then the overtook coupling is faulty.

Bendix also may not be cloured with the flywheel, and the starter will simply rotate. Often, Bendix can go to heal or his teeth finished. It is possible to estimate the condition of the teeth visually, and if the mechanism of discarded, it will have to disassemble and clean.

Sequence checks

If the device does not submit signs of life, then here's how to check the starter for performance.

The first thing with the help of a multimeter measure the battery voltage. It is necessary at least 12 V to the engine normally started. Next check the quality of "masses". Check the mass on the body of the car and on the engine housing, as well as at the starter.

If the engine does not start, you can also spend computer diagnostic - Often the starter blocks the immobilizer. Malfunctions automatic transmission can also lead to the fact that the starter will be silent.

Next check the contacts of the ignition lock. If there are faults in contact groupThe voltage will not be supplied to the retractor relay. How to check the starter relay, we have already considered, so it is also worth checking the castle.

Dismantling and diagnostics

First of all, you need to disconnect the minus terminal of the AKB. Next, disconnect plus batteries. Then unscrew the attachments of the starter and remove it from the brackets. This is how to check the starter shot.

Minus Akb is connected to the housing, and plus with a bolt on the retractor relay. The electric motor must start. If it does not rotate, the brushes or a collector are faulty. Then check the relays, pyataks and forks. Minus Akb is connected to a relay bolt, and plus with the control output. There must be a click. The plug should lead to the bendix movement. The electric motor should rotate.

Next check the motor shaft on the beating. For this it is moved transversely. Even the slightest gap between the shaft and the sleeve can lead to a mechanical contact of an anchor and stator. In order to see wear brushes, you need to fully disassemble the mechanism. For most models it is not so difficult. When the starter is disassembled, check the wear of the fork, wear bendix, winding the retractor relay.

Conclusion

So, we considered the basic methods of diagnosing this element. Knowing how to check the starter on a vase, you can fix any defect and malfunction. Qualitatively performed repair will extend the life of this mechanism for many years. How much will the node work as a result, depends on the quality of spare parts, as well as from operation. Often, the starter fails due to violation of the rules of use. Any engine start should not exceed ten seconds. If there is an incomprehensible sound when working, and there is also a malfunction failure, it is better to immediately reveal and find the root of the problem. It is necessary to constantly monitor contacts on the car starter retractor.

Often the car does not start when you need to urgently go somewhere. If the machine does not start when turning the key, first you need to check the starter. What are the reasons for which there are breakdowns, how to check for the performance of the starter without a stand to check the generators, this is stated in this article.

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Causes of starter breakdowns and basic types of faults

All causes of faults can be divided into two groups:

1. Mechanical. These include breakdowns, which caused the wear of parts. They wear out over long exploitation or in violation of the rules of operation. Mechanical damage and due to electrical problems are possible.
2. Electric. Such breakdowns include power supply problems. To detect electrical problems, check all the wiring, to diagnose contacts, inter-touch closures. It should also be checked the burning of the closing plates and work surfaces that are possible due to the passage of excess current through contacts.

If we speak in general, then the following breakdowns of the device running the engine are possible:

1. When you try to run the starter, the anchor does not rotate and does not work the thrust relay. The main reason is insufficient power supply. This can be caused by a discharged battery, oxidation on a positive terminal or poor contact, weak tightening tips on the battery, disconnecting electrical, inter-touch closure and anchor jamming.
2. With a working retractive relay during starter launch, anchor rotates hard. Possible cause is a closure between collector plates or its burning, hanging, brushing wear, poor battery charging, wear of the anchor sleeves, displacement of the anchor plates, breaking the winding, an intersensional starter and anchor closure.
3. When the starter is running, anchor rotates, but no crankshaft rotation. The reason may be in a breakdown of the buffer spring or a leashed coupling ring, slip of the free stroke of the coupling, in the poor movement of the anchor, the fault of the lever, turning off the coupling.
4. The starter is not turned off after the engine started - it hits the retractor relay or the lever drive, the return spring of the ignition lock, breakage of the return springs relay, couplings. In any of these cases, it is necessary to turn off the ignition and disconnect the wire that goes to the relay.
5. The appearance of extraneous noise indicates the weakening of the fastening of the device, wear of the bearings bushings, weakening the starter buffer spring, damage to the wint of the flywheel, or die in the drive teeth, improper adjustment of the gear of the device.

Before starting repair, you need a starter check. It can be done with your own hands either using the bench to check the generators.

What should be started to start repair work?

To start repairing and diagnose without a stand for checking generators, you need to cook:

• a set of keys;
• screwdrivers;
• special puller;
• tester;
• check light;
• old rag.

Before you check the starter, you must first remove and clean out of contamination. For disassembly, special tools will be required. To make a thorough diagnosis, the device must be fully disassembled to the smallest details. Then each item needs to be washed and dried.

Diagnostics without a bench for generators consists of a sequence of actions:

1. First, you should check the device functioning correctly.
2. Make checking the retractor relay.
3. Diagnose brushes and anchors.
4. Clean the etherprot.
5. Make the diagnosis of Bendix, thanks to which the engine is silently launched.

After performing diagnostics, replaced or repair faulty parts.

Check Guide

The device can be checked without removing it from the car. Removal is performed with serious breakdowns. For diagnosis, special knowledge will not need. The device is checked in several steps. FROM the most important thing is to check with thick wires, it will not work on thin.

Stages

Check starter assembly. To do this, dismantle the device from the machine and clamp it in vice, reliably, but not much so as not to break. Then it is necessary to close the contact bolts that are on the back, using a metal object or a piece of wire. If the starter is worker, it will begin to spin. In this case, the cause of the fault may be in the thrust relay.

Check for the performance of the traction relay. To do this, use the wires with a small resistance. One wire must be combined with a positive terminal on the battery and the relay on the mass, and the second minus terminal on the battery and the starter case. If the relay is properly, the characteristic click and anchor will extend the gear (the author of the video - Altevaa TV)

Check anchor. To do this, it is necessary to submit voltage 12 to directly bypassing the traction relay. We check with a test light bulb. Anchor connects to power, and the body of the device to the light bulb. If the light bulb caught fire or spark, it means that anchor has a breakdown and need to be replaced.

The tester should measure the resistance between the rotor housing and windings, it should be several million ohms. If the insulation resistance from 0 to 2 ohms, anchor is defective and requires replacement. Checking the intersless closure is made using a special stand for checking generators.

Checking the brushes with a light bulb at 12 V, which is connected to the brush holder and the device body. The luminous light bulb informs about the fault of the brushes. In this case, they need to be replaced. The winding is also checked by a light bulb, only the winding and housing is connected.

Clean the electrical network. With the help of the check, you can ring the electrical chain to find the gaps. To ring the etherprint, you need to turn on the ignition.

Check the Bendix. To check, you will need a soft gasket to protect the item from damage. Bendix asterisk needs to hold in vice and turn the coupling in the same way. If the part is working, the coupling will be turned only in one direction. If it turns on the other side, it speaks of its fault and the need to replace. There may be worn tooths, then the Bendix needs to be simply replaced.

With visual inspection, you can identify the following faults:

• winding cliffs;
• insulation disorder;
• deterioration of collector plate;
• defects of the surface of the collector and anchors in the form of scratches, scratches, grooves, etc.

Small defects are eliminated by cleaner with fine-grained emery paper or grinding. If the anchor decreased in diameter as a result of these actions, gaskets are put. The same applies to the collector. If the details are very worn, it is better to replace them. Replacement is required if interspervice insulation is faulty, brushes and bearings are worn.

Having learned to check the device that starts the engine, with your own hands, you can save on a visit to the maintenance station.

If you do not know how to check the starter, without removing it from the car, the diagnosis can be made to the service station, which are equipped with a special bench for diagnosing generators.

Sorry, currently there are no accessible surveys.

Video "Starter Diagnostics"

In this video from Dmitry Kopach, it is shown how to check the starter with your own hands.

Starter does not spin (or spinning slowly, jerks). Situation Unfortunately, often. How to start trouble finding a fault?

Understandable rechargeable battery Check first. Sended to her normal charge, but the starter turns as if the battery sat down? No need to be afraid of such a malfunction, and immediately send the car to the service on the tow truck. Engine start system - not the most complex part of the car.

Checking the starter from the battery

Check the starter installed on a regular place is almost impossible. You will not be confident in the true reason for the malfunction. Therefore, it will be more correct to remove it. Moreover, it is completely easy to do, on any car.

Before dismantling, check the integrity of the wiring and cleanliness of the contacts. In some cases, a banal cleaning and terminal suspenders helps. For completeness of the experiment, check the supply wiring. The voltage on the contacts of the connecting cables should be the same as on the terminals of the battery.

Before you remove the entire node, check: Can the starter discharge the battery. For this, it is not necessary to connect the ammeter, and fix the leakage current.

• Disconnect power cables from starter
• Connect the multimeter to the battery, fix the voltage value (if possible, do not turn on any load: external lighting, multimedia, light in the cabin)
• Connect power cables to the starter. If there are no leaks - the voltage on the battery will not change. If the value decreased - there is a problem in the starter scheme.

Important! Before turning off the cables from the starter, disconnect the battery contacts. This can only be done when the ignition is turned off, otherwise there will be problems with the immobilizer. The starter motor is very powerful, and the rotor has a large mass. When starting the engine, the unfinished housing can snatch out of the hands. Therefore, for checking, fasten the node in the vice.

If you are not familiar with the starter device, carefully examine the illustration. Then it will be easier to understand the principle of operation of the node.

Possible reasons battery breakdown. Details in this video.

How to check the starter on the battery

As can be seen in the illustration, the node consists of two separate components:

1. Reliele retractor - Works on the principle of clutch mechanical box Gear - connects the bendix gear with the engine flywheel, for turning the crankshaft. After the successful start, the Bendix returns to the "parking" place so that the motor's shaft does not rotate the fathy. The breakdown of the relay leads to the fact that the starter's serviceable motor cannot turn the crankshaft, and the engine does not start.
2. Starter electric motor. Classic breakdowns - overwhelmed anchor winding, erased collector, worn brushes. The stator does not break, because it is without winding.

The automotive starter according to its size can not compete a motor or, or at least, however, do not be this miniature device in modern carAll the above nodes would be no more than a set of useless units. The starter starts starting, starting the engine, hence the name - starter. Starter malfunctions They lead to inevitable difficulties with the launch of the motor, and sometimes they do not allow it at all. Today in the heading "" I will tell about the starter, about its faults, the causes of the occurrence, as well as the methods of diagnosing these faults.

What is the starter, I already told in a nutshell, I think this device is familiar to everyone and it makes no sense to give a complete "book" definition of this node. Instead, I propose to talk about starter breakdowns.

The starter malfunction can be divided into several categories:

Mechanical . This category should include malfunctions caused by critical wear, as well as breakdowns associated with damage caused by strikes or other damage caused by mechanical pathways.

Electric . This category includes disorders in the power grid, malfunction in supply and so on.

Signs of starter malfunction:

1. Starter does not twist;
2. The starter twists, but the crankshaft does not rotate;
3. Starter clicks, but does not twist;
4. The starter twists very slightly and the motor can not start;
5. Starter twists after the motor is running.

What to check?

• Check the work of the starter as a whole;
• Check the retractor relay;
• Check anchor and starter brushes;
• Diagnostics Bendix starter.

To check starter In general, it is necessary to remove it. Then, using, connect the wire to the starter, as shown in the photo. If the starter earned during the test and started the rotation, then we can conclude that the reason is not in it and that the starter is working. If not, we continue the diagnosis.

Checking the retractor relay

We connect one "positive" terminal to the relay on the starter case, and the "minus" terminal cling to the starter body. After you give the current on the terminals, the working retractor relay will immediately extend the gear out with a characteristic click.

Check the anchor and brushes

If previous tests did not give positive results, the check should be continued, the following ones - brushes and anchor. Apply a voltage of 12 volts directly to the starter, bypassing the retractor relay. Thus, it will be possible to accurately diagnose the malfunction of the anchor winding or brushes. You can also check the brushes using a multimeter or a conventional 12-volt light bulb. We connect the wires to the brush holder and mass, if the light is on - the brushes are faulty and are subject to replacement.

Checking Bendix

Bendix check also does not require special skills or tools. We take bendix and carefully fasten in the vice, and try to turn it if the starter clutch is turned only in one direction - Bendix is \u200b\u200bworking. If it rotates in both directions, most likely the coupling is faulty.

There may be situations where the Bendix is \u200b\u200bof severe wear, and his teeth are jammed or cut out, in this case, the Bendix simply cannot enter the tap with the flywheel. Output is one - the replacement of the Bendix starter.

Starter clicks, but does not turn the engine

If during attempt you hear distinct clicks of the retractor relay, but the motor does not spin, or it happens very slowly and with difficulty, then the reason may be as follows:

1. The rotor clings the "plus" of the stator;
2. Clinics bushing or motor shaft;
3. There is a short closure of the winding (rotor or stator).

If the starter does not spin at all make sure that:

• There is no breakdown or closure of the holding winding, for this we use the multimeter;
• The feed wire is the whole.

If the first signs of the starter fault occurs, immediately take action, any delay in the end will turn against you. In one "beautiful" day, when you try to start your car, you simply will not work out and according to the "law of meanness" it will happen exactly when you, sooooooo need an urgent car. As soon as you suspect that the starter "Barrachlit" - check its performance and, if necessary, replace it with either yourself or contact your service for help.