Essential Motor Oils Rating 10W 40

Motor oil 10W 40 is deservedly popular among many car owners. Conducting a test of motor oils 10W 40, it is proposed to consider the properties and characteristics of eight semi-synthetic motor oils produced by foreign firms:

1. Shell;
2. ESSO;
3. Mobil;
4. Ravenol;
5. Castrol;
6. Mannol;
7. Visco.

Description of general characteristics

The semi-synthetic oil is obtained due to mixing of mineral and synthetic basic lubricants in the middle proportions 75:25, respectively, special additives are also added here. The semi-synthetic gives a good result at affordable prices for lubricant presented for sale.

Designations in marking10W 40 in accordance with the international system classification of lubricants have the following meaning:

• 10W means that this substance refers to the Winter type of oil, is shown to use at ambient temperature equal to less minus 25 ° C, the letter W corresponds to the Winter's word (winter).
• 40 is the maximum heat temperature of + 40 ° C, at which the semi-synthetic retains its beneficial properties.

The recommended operating temperature range is ranging from minus 25 ° C to plus 35 ° C. If this oil is used at a temperature above the specified level, then the lubricant density decreases, the lower temperature leads to a thickening of the material at which the engine does not start.

10W 40 gives good results for both old worn engines and power units installed on new modern models, the physical and chemical properties of this lubricant retain their stability over a long period.

The most often semi-synthetic is poured into engines with a large mileage.

How the lubricant is tested

Test oils are performed using two methods:

1. Analysis in laboratory conditions with subsequent bench tests.
2. API classification.

In the second method, there is no need for complex testing and loads rendered on the internal combustion engine that appreciates the aggregate tangible harm. It is enough to study the quality indices provided by the API system and select a suitable lubricant brand. These tests are designed to operate lubrication under ideal conditions. Domestic roads are not adapted for testing such a method.

To produce a laboratory study, three independent laboratories with state accreditation are selected. The first determines how the use of engine oil is reflected in the following indicators of the power unit:

• power;
• the number of harmful exhausts;
• fuel consumption;
• consumption of lubricant.

Testing selected for testing, lubricants in laboratory conditions are carried out on a single power unit, refueling the same brand.

The remaining laboratories will receive used engine oil, which has passed preliminary testing in the first laboratory. The oil study has passed the entire working cycle:

• heated 200 ° C;
• interaction with oxidation products;
• work under load for 12 hours.

In the process of checking in laboratories, a thorough analysis of the lubricant is made to establish the following characteristics:

• physical and chemical indicators;
• the results of the tribometry performed.

Tribometry is methods for measuring and calculating the following indicators when frictional interaction of work nodes and parts:

1. Friction coefficient.
2. Intensity of wear.
3. Permissible temperature and high-speed loads.

As a reference to compare the tested engine oils, a mineral cheap lubricant is taken, which has a viscosity indicator of 10W 40.

The result of the laboratory studies

When calculating the averaged data of the consumption of a fuel unit operating in all modes, winners were identified. In comparison with the analog and base oil, the smallest indicator of gasoline consumption winners were the brands of motor oils, 10W 40: Shell, Zic, Esso. The percentage of efficiency was 8% of the cheap mineral sample.

When calculating the percentage of the economy of semi-synthetic motor oils 10W 40, the determination of kinematic viscosity was made at + 200 ° C (the lubrication temperature in rubbing nodes and parts of the working power unit) instead of the standard warming up to + 100 ° C.

The optimal viscosity value is the oil indicator at which the motor works steadily without excessive fuel consumption. An indicator having a viscosity value is less optimal causes an increase in fuel consumption. Winner on viscosity optimality - Mobil engine oil.

The nominations in which the winners among the tested brands of motor fluids were identified:

1. Power indicators.
2. Dynamics of internal combustion engine.
3. Washing abilities of motor oil.
4. Motor protection when working in extreme conditions.
5. Easy to start the engine.
6. The number of harmful emissions (ecology of lubricant material).

Education of protective film, power and dynamics of the motor

When using motor fluids in places of contact of the engine's working elements, a protective film is formed. Oil viscosity is a determining factor for creating a film of a certain thickness.

The higher the viscosity indicator, the less the protective films are destroyed during the operation of the engine under load, but the friction force increases, and the engine power decreases. The small viscosity of the engine oil contributes to a decrease in friction forces and increasing the power of the motor. However, the destruction of the protective film at low viscosity of the lubricant can lead to a breakdown of work units and parts of the power unit leading to overhaul.

Upon first item from the list presented, all brands of tested motor fluids showed similar results. Differences were no more than one and a half percent.

Checking detergents

After testing of each oil due to the effective detergent properties of the pistons of the power unit were not covered by Nagar. Oil outbreak temperature shows the propensity of the substance to the formation of deposits. The leader in this type of testing turned out to be ZiC oil, this parameter is + 242 ° C.

Working engine in tense extreme mode

With a lack of lubricant in the engine of the internal combustion engine, the friction force between working units and the details create an extreme situation. Tribomethrical oil indicators provide information on these data:

• detail wear rate;
• maximum values \u200b\u200bof friction forces;
• how lubricant affects the operation of the engine systems.

At this stage, the effect of critical loads on the beneficial properties of motor oils is monitored: stability and thickness of the protective film of oil, the magnitude of the radius of the worn spot. These characteristics give an idea of \u200b\u200bthe anti-wear effects of the materials being checked on the working elements of the force aggregate.

All test participants revealed positive results. The lowest indicators has a ZIC brand. However, it was decided that with the actual exploitation of the power unit, such as laboratory, were excluded.

In this nomination, the winners of Mobil and Mannol oils became winners. In the second place-"SHELL-" SHELL liquid.

Effect of Engine Running

Lubricants with low frosted temperature create favorable conditions for running a motor in winter. Starting characteristics are evaluated when testing lubricants using a special device that imitates the rotation of the crankshaft. In this case, the dynamic viscosity of each lubricant for minus temperatures is determined.

By the viscosity index, equal to more than 155 ZIC oil and Shell came to the leading position. They frozen at a temperature of minus 35 ° C. Visco oil and CastroLowed worst results are less than 147.

Environmental quality products

When evaluating the ecology of engine fluids, toxic components included in oils, percentage of aggressive substances are checked. Harmful compounds lead to a decrease in the life of the catalytic neutralizer. The car neutralizer is a device that reduces the percentage of the content of harmful elements in the exhaust.

Residual hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides are contained in the smallest quantities in the Motor oil of Castrol. Most of all the content of harmful components in Mannol, Shell, Mobil, Esso lubricants.

The smallest number of elements of the phosphorus of Shell, Zic, Visco, Castrol oils. Sulfur - in zic 0.19%.

General result of checking lubricants

As a result of testing engine oils of ZiC, Shell, Plus, Helix companies, occupy the leading first and second places for the positive results of the following indicators:

1. High alkaline number index.
2. Lack of nagar on pistons.
3. Low viscosity.
4. Providing fast engine launch.
5. High power motor.
6. Comparatively low cost.

In third place was the lubricant of Esso Ultra for economics, a nominal viscosity, a low price.

The fourth place is provided by Mobil Super 2000 x1 motor fluid. Good results are noted in the nomination "Extreme Conditions". Tribomethrical characteristics contribute to increasing the cost-effectiveness of the power unit. For minuses include the high cost of lubricant material.

Ravenol TSI engine oil occupies the fifth step in this testing. This liquid has no leading indicator. The main positive qualities include:

• reliability;
• low frosted temperature;
• high environmental friendliness;
• sulfur and phosphorus are in minor quantities.

In the sixth place is the brand Castrol Magnatec. This engine oil has good energy-saving qualities, low content of harmful components in the exhaust gases. It has good indicators when working in hot weather. The following properties are allocated from the disadvantages:

1. High product price.
2. Small viscosity.
3. Low wear expansion.

The seventh step went to the MANNOL Classic motor fluid. The positive qualities of this material include the following properties:

• does not freeze at low ambient temperatures;
• the presence of a protective film on the rubbing surfaces of the engine's working elements in extreme situations;
• relatively small price.

By cons of this product include elevated oil and fuel consumption.

At the honorable eighth place there is a BP Visco 3000 lubricant. The main plus of this substance includes a significant protection of working parts and nodes of the power unit during operation under large loads and high temperature. This oil is recommended to use in the summer.

The disadvantage is that when using its use, the internal combustion engine is poorly started at the minus ambient temperature. No economy.

Summing up the test, you can choose leaders and better lubricating fluids in each form of the competition. Here are the advantages and disadvantages of each of the eight representatives of grades of semi-synthetic lubricants 10W 40.

When buying a motor oil for a car, it is necessary to take into account all the pros and cons of each type of products presented.

Conclusion

Under the conditions of the contest, the list of checked characteristics did not include checking detergents and quantify the effect of oil on the occurrence of deposits on the engine parts. For an objective response to these questions, special tests occupy for a long time. To correctly navigate in this matter, you need to pay attention to one significant sign of an indirect nature.

The oil outflow temperature indicates the volatility of the product, the higher the outbreak temperature, the lower the volatility and stable oil. In this case, there are less deposits as a result of using the selected lubricant.

In order to purchase a fake when buying a motor oil, it is necessary to make a purchase of lubricating fluid in specialized trading points engaged in the sale of licensed quality goods. Each firm takes care of the protection of its brand, the packaging has special distinctive tags and holograms on the labels.