Engine repair: What, how, what! Basic principles and methods

Many motorists faced the concept of repair of the car engine. But not everyone understands what this process is. Repair your car can not be repaired for any car owner, since many simply do not know which technology is repairing the automotive engine. This article will tell about the basic processes of restoration of the power unit.

General Engine Repair Concepts

Repair of gasoline engines is a rather complicated process of restoring worn nodes and parts of the power unit to the initial state or approximate to it. This process includes many operations and depends on the type and class of the motor.

In the process of operation of the vehicle, many motorists do not pay attention to the service, which plays a very important role on the condition of the power unit, as well as its resource. Subsequently, it may happen that the repair of a gasoline engine will be impossible. Therefore, not only physical wear is influenced by the restoration of the power unit, but it is also cared for.

In what cases are carried out repair the power unit

Consider, in what cases will have to repair the engine:

• Wear and generating parts over 80% of the resource.
• The emergence of mechanical damage to the main components of the power unit.
• The breakdown associated with incorrect setting or maintenance.
• Other reasons that could cause malfunctions.

How to classify the repair of gasoline engines:

1. Power repair. This is the repair of worn items, which during operation have a resource lower than the main power unit.
2. Engine technical repair. It is carried out when conducting a streaming maintenance for the planned replacement of worn items.
3. Unscheduled car engine repair. This is an unexpected breakdown of a power unit, which is caused by poor-quality carrying out, spare parts or other reasons that entail the recovery operations on the motor.
4. Planned repair. It is also called overhaul. It is usually held, according to the cargo of the car, when the resource of the power unit is exhausted.

Where to begin

Many motorists are wondering - where to start repairing gasoline engines? The answer is simple enough - it is necessary to define signs: Is it possible if the repair of the node is necessary, or the problem lies in something else? For this you will have to hold a number of diagnostic procedures. They are divided into 2 types: electronic and mechanical.

Electronic diagnostics can show whether the repair of a car is needed in terms of electronics and is there any problems? To do this, check the electronic motor control unit, as well as the condition of all sensors and connections. If the problems are not detected, then it is not worth it and climb below, since you can create a problem that you have to decide.

Mechanical diagnostics will require a lot of time, strength and knowledge. To carry out this operation, there are instructions on the Internet, but in this article we will try to explain everything much more detailed and clearer. If problems have discovered problems in the process of diagnostic operations, it will have to disassemble and repair gasoline engines.

By the way, this is the engine repair manual, which manufactures the manufacturer's factory, both in paper and electronically. So, consider the process of repairing the machine, or rather its power unit in more detail.

Dismantling and disassembly

The first process is dismantling the power unit from the car and its disassembly. In each case, the engines are removed in different ways. This is influenced by the following indicators: Drive, Motor Location, Number of Cylinders, Body Design Features, Transmission Type and Other.

For example, dismantle the power unit with a zhiguli or domestic produced truck is much easier than from other cars. They have less electronic devices, so the dismantling is done quite easily and simply.

For example, Diesel engines of the YAMZ-236 and YAMZ-238 are dismantled from the car for 10-12 hours, and their foreign analogues are for more than 36 hours. The same situation and the disassembly process, which can occupy from the Zhiguli from 3 hours and cars of foreign production from 10 hours.

The disassembly process should be carefully considered, since it is at this moment that the first diagnostic operations are carried out. A car enthusiast, if it carries out the repair of the engine with his own hands, should inspect the visual presence of damage, cracks and other defects on the power unit and its components.

Defecting elements

The next stage will be a defective, which will determine the signs of a malfunction, and will also show, in what state is the mechanic. What is this procedure:

• Promper crankshaft on size, hardness, deflection and centering.
• Diagnostics of the state of the plane and the cylinder body housing.
• The state of the piston group.
• The wear of the elements and the cylinder head housing.
• Other indicators.
• Features of repair of the motor.

Washing

The engine, the repair of which is inevitable, needs washing the block and its components. This process is carried out with hot kerosene or special pressure under pressure. This allows you to wash the entire metal chips, dirt and other unnecessary elements that have accumulated during operation.

Spare parts

When the diagnostics and define all the details that are subject to replacement are worth ordering the necessary spare parts, since preparing is required before they are installed on the engine. Often, when the repair of gasoline engines is carried out, the following spare parts are changing:

• Indigenous and connecting rod liners.
• Piston group.
• Finger rods.
• Sleeve rods.
• Oil filter and pump.
• Pomp or its repair kit.
• Inlet and exhaust valve.
• Outlooking rings.
• Gasket set.
• Guide sleeves and valve seat.
• Other details.

Grinding block and crankshaft

The next stage of the repair and restoration work is the grinding of the crankshaft, as well as the planes of the block and head. With the help of flat octic and milling machines, the plane of the GBU and the block into the mirror surface is carried out. As a rule, it can be cleaned: 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.25mm, 0.5 mm, 1mm and more product thickness.

As for the grinding of the crankshaft, there is repairs for this node:

Block head repair

Block head repair is one of the most simple operations in the process of maintaining the engine overhaul. It is recommended to conduct it, of course, on the car service, but many motorists, after the repair operations on the Zhigulum, carry out the repair of the GBC foreign cars independently. So, what is included in the process of overhaul of the head blocks of cylinders:

1. Replacing the camshaft (or more, if there are 2 and more by car).
2. Replacing valve, both graduation and intake.
3. Replacement of guide sleeves.
4. Shift saddles and oil-challenged caps.
5. Argon welding, with cracks or tightness disorders.
6. Other works related to the repair of the CFC of whether or other type.

Auxiliary work

Supporting works should include crimping and clutch centering. The first is a process at which the tightness of the head and the cylinder block is determined. With the help of kerosene, the inner part of the engine is filled, having previously closed all the holes. If the leakage is not detected, the engine is completely sealed, if there are cracks, then you need to brew them.

The second process implies the setting of the centrifugal force of the clutch in relation to the crankshaft. As a rule, it is carried out on a special booth, which is not on all car services. The clutch is attached to the crankshaft and their joint balancing is carried out. This will help reduce wear and friction.

Assembling node

The assembly of the node is carried out using a stand that allows you to turn the engine for 360 degrees. So, consider the sequence of the operation:

• Installation of liners and "laying" of the crankshaft.
• Installation of connecting rods and piston group.
• Installation in the correct position of the boheges, as well as their final tightening.
• Installation of gaskets and covers covering the motor.
• Installing the oil pump and pump.
• Installation of pulley crankshaft.
• Installing the head (heads) of the cylinder block.
• Installation of the pallet.
• Assembling small nodes.
• Installation of fuel equipment.
• Other build works.

This process is quite laborious and heavy, therefore it is recommended to entrust it to professionals.

Officon and testing

The final stage of the engine overhaul becomes its run-in and test. The best way to rip the engine is the combined that we wrote about in one of the articles. For the most efficient operation of the power unit, it is necessary to run through it, both on hot and cold.

In many foreign countries, in addition to the harden stand, there is a test bench, which, with a large number of sensors and indicators, tests the engine and resource definition after repair and restoration work. Unfortunately, there are no such stands in the CIS, because it is estimated that their use is economically impractical.

Output

To carry out the overhaul of the modern engine with their own hands without the presence of special expensive stands is almost unrealistic. You can only make the stream repairs, such as the replacement of sensors and that is not on all vehicles. But to spend its own repair of the power unit - VAZ or gas is quite realistic that this day is done by motorists who own such vehicles.