GAZelle vehicles are equipped with UMZ and ZMZ engines, but in recent years, the greatest preference has been given to power units of the ZMZ-406 series. One of the most modern motors in this line is the ZMZ-40630A - its design, characteristics, features and maintenance are described in the article.

General view of the ZMZ-40630A engine

The ZMZ-406 engine line has been produced by the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant since 1997, during which time the power unit has become the most widespread (more than one and a half million units were manufactured), fame and popularity among motorists. The current engine modifications have gone far from the original 406 engine, they have excellent performance, high reliability and quality, thanks to which they have won a significant market share.

ZMZ-40630A is one of the latest engine modifications with improved performance. This is a carbureted four-cylinder in-line engine with a working volume of 2.3 liters and a power of 98 hp, developed for the use of A-92 (AI-93) gasoline. The gas distribution mechanism of the motor is a two-shaft 16-valve, both shafts are located in the upper part of the cylinder head. The motor is equipped with a modern microprocessor ignition system. The power unit is equipped with a K-151D carburetor, which replaced the early Solexes.

The main design features of the engines are the upper (in the cylinder head) arrangement of two camshafts with the installation of four valves per cylinder (two intake and two exhaust).

These technical solutions have increased maximum power and maximum torque, reduced fuel consumption and reduced emissions.

To increase reliability, a cast-iron cylinder block without plug-in liners was used on the engine, which has high rigidity and more stable clearances in friction pairs, the piston stroke was reduced to 86 mm, the mass of the piston and piston pin was reduced, better materials were used for the crankshaft, connecting rods, connecting rod bolts , piston pins, etc.

Camshaft drive - chain, two-stage, with automatic hydraulic chain tensioners; the use of hydraulic pushers of the valve mechanism eliminates the need to adjust the clearances.

The use of hydraulic devices and engine boosting require high quality oil purification, therefore the engine is equipped with a full-flow oil filter of increased efficiency (“superfilter”) of single use. An additional filter element of the filter prevents the ingress of crude oil into the engine when starting a cold engine and clogging of the main filter element.

The auxiliary units (coolant pump and generator) are driven by a flat poly V-belt.

The engine is equipped with a diaphragm clutch with elliptical-wound clutch plates, which have high durability.

The microprocessor-based ignition control system allows you to adjust the ignition timing, including by the knock parameter under varying engine operating conditions, which makes it possible to provide the necessary indicators - power, economic and exhaust gas toxicity.

Clutch gas 3221

The clutch on the car is one-plate, dry, frictional, the drive is hydraulic.

Figure 4. Clutch

1 - master cylinder of the clutch release drive; 2 - clutch housing; 3 - flywheel; 4 - friction linings of the driven disk; 5 - pressure plate;

6 - support rings; 7 - pedal spring; 8 - diaphragm spring;

9 - clutch release bearing; 10 - rod of the main cylinder;

11 - pedal; 12 - primary shaft of the gearbox; 13 - foam rings;

14 - shutdown clutch; 15 - ball bearing of the plug; 16 - casing; 17 - plug;

18 - rod of the working cylinder; 19 - connecting plate; 20 - working cylinder; 21 - bleed fitting; 22 - damper spring; 23 - driven disk.

The clutch consists of an aluminum crankcase, a release clutch with a bearing and a fork, a drive disc assembly (basket), a driven disc, master and working cylinders, interconnected by a hose and a tube.

The driving disc (basket) consists of a casing in which a diaphragm spring, support rings and a pressure disc are installed. The spring, fixed to the casing, presses the edges against the pressure plate.

The driven disc consists of a hub with a splined hole and two discs, leaf springs are riveted to one of them. Friction linings are attached to them on both sides.

The leaf springs, which are bent, contribute to a better fit of the disc and additionally smooth out the jerky in the transmission when the clutch is engaged.

For a smoother transmission of torque when starting off or shifting gears, damper springs are installed in the disc windows.

The driven disk is pressed against the engine flywheel by the basket pressure plate. Through friction linings that increase friction, the torque is transmitted to the driven disc and, then, to the input shaft of the gearbox, with which the driven disc is spline-connected.

To temporarily disconnect the engine from the transmission, the clutch release drive is used. When the clutch pedal is depressed, the clutch master cylinder piston moves forward.

The displaced liquid through the tube and hose enters the working cylinder, pushing the piston with the rod out of it.

The rod acts on the shank of the fork, which pivots on a ball joint, with the other end moving the clutch release clutch along the gearbox bearing cover. The clutch bearing pushes against the ends of the diaphragm spring petals. Deforming, the spring ceases to act on the pressure plate, which in turn “releases” the driven one, and the transmission of torque stops.

From the outside, the clutch mechanism is covered with an aluminum crankcase. The crankcase is attached to the engine block with six bolts and two reinforcements. On the other hand, four studs are screwed into the crankcase to secure the gearbox.

The crankcase has a seat for the clutch slave cylinder and a window for installing the fork. To increase rigidity, an amplifier is installed on the lower part of the clutch housing.

The GAZ car brand is known all over the world. In recent decades, a 406 engine manufactured by the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant has been installed as a power plant for the main products of this automobile giant. The design of this power unit has been perfected over several years. The foundation was laid at the end of the last century, it was then that the basic concept of ZMZ 406 was formulated. Today it is a promising power-packed unit capable of developing a capacity of up to 150 liters. with. (110 kW).

Technical characteristics of the ZMZ-406 engine

The four-cylinder in-line engine is made according to the classic scheme typical for the power plants of the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant, this is how you can start the characteristic of the 406 engine. The working volume is 2.28 liters.

The combustion chamber features a centrally positioned spark plug. The timing belt ZMZ 406 is made in a rather original way, which made it possible to compactly arrange the main elements of the power system.

The crankshaft speed at maximum power is 5200 rpm, and the maximum torque is observed at significantly lower rpm, which is 4000 rpm. in min. The engine maintains the minimum speed in the region of 750-800 rpm 406 at idle speed.

Design features of the 406 engine produced by ZMZ

The engine from the Saab-900 sports car was taken as a prototype for the project. The first gasoline engines ZMZ-406 appeared in the early eighties of the last century.

The ZMZ-406 has some features:

1. The block is cast from cast iron. It is, of course, heavier than aluminum, but the use of this metal eliminates the need for replaceable liners (cylinders). In this regard, the rigidity of the structure has increased.
2. In the upper part, there are two ZMZ 406 timing chains (gas camshafts of the intake-exhaust system). Each of the shafts is responsible either for the intake of a fresh charge of the working mixture, or for the release of exhaust gases.
3. There are four valves in the head for each cylinder. That is, sixteen valves are installed on the entire four-cylinder. This amount increases the efficiency of cylinder purging when exhausting exhaust gases and increases the ratio of filling the cylinders with fresh working mixture.
4. A special innovation was used for the first time on this particular power unit - the hydraulic chain tensioner. It made it possible to maintain the optimal tension in the ZMZ 406 timing drive. This technical solution was then repeated in dozens of other designs. But the timing belt ZMZ 406 was the firstborn in the domestic engine building, where it was applied.
5. For this engine, options were thought out to reduce the piston stroke, which is only 86 mm, while the cylinder diameter is 92 mm. This approach increased the compression ratio to 9.3. This is a very high value. But in theory it is argued that with an increase in the compression ratio, the efficiency of the power plant also grows. The short stroke of the piston contributes to better filling.
6. ZMZ 406 is solved according to the traditional scheme. The coolant is moved by the ZMZ 406 pump through the block, the block head and the radiator.
7. There is also a peculiarity - a flat poly-V-belt is used, which excludes the possibility of an unexpected break.
8. The ZMZ 406 thermostat allows you to organize circulation in a small circle during the engine warm-up period, and when the warm-up temperature is reached, the thermostat opens, letting the coolant in a large circle.
9. The crankshaft pulley ZMZ 406 transmits torque to the shaft of the ZMZ 406 pump, which supplies coolant to the car's stove, maintaining an optimal microclimate in the cab in the cold season.
10. The coolant temperature sensor helps the driver to constantly monitor the temperature.
11. The 406 engine also has a lubrication system. A gear pump moves the engine oil from the oil pan, is supplied under pressure for cleaning, where impurities larger than 40 microns are removed in the ZMZ 406 oil filter. The purified oil is forcibly fed into the channels of the ZMZ 406 crankshaft, moving inside the main and connecting rod journals, providing stable lubrication in these units, experiencing huge alternating loads. Some of the oil moves further under pressure, lubricating the piston pin. Then the oil also gets on the surface of the piston. The piston interacts with the cylinder mirror of the ZMZ 406 engine by means of an oil film formed in the contact zone.

The difference between the injection and carburetor fuel systems

During the first decade of the ZMZ 406 release, the carburetor engine was responsible for preparing the working mixture. Now, an injection modification of this motor is being produced.

The use of an injector made starting easier, improved throttle response and reduced fuel consumption. What is the reason here?

From the theory of internal combustion engines, it is known that the increase in the performance of the carburetor depends on the speed of the crankshaft. The consumption of the combustible mixture increases as this indicator grows. A sharp press on the accelerator pedal leads to the fact that the relative content of gasoline vapors in the ZMZ 406 carburetor increases. The excess air ratio decreases slightly, which leads to an increase in torque and an increase in the crankshaft speed.

The ZMZ 406 engine injector works a little differently. Here the microprocessor helps, which clearly reacts to the position of the control pedal. If it is necessary to increase the speed and lightly press the pedal, more fuel is injected into the cylinder. The time interval between the load and its correction in any injection engine is reduced several times. This increases the throttle response, improves the dynamics of the Gazelle or Volga (depending on which car the ZMZ 406 injector is installed on).

The main reason for the high performance of the injection system in comparison with the carburetor system is the absence of jets, which are regularly clogged.

This led to the need for periodic blowing, and often mechanical cleaning of small-diameter holes. Of course, if the injection system fails on the road, then not every driver will be able to fix it on his own.

Engine tuning

Tuning ZMZ 406 is a way to change the output. Many drivers are looking for ways to improve the performance of their vehicles.

Someone is not satisfied with the available power, others are embarrassed by the gluttony of the motor, others simply want to excel by choosing one or another option that they want to optimize.

The first thing powerplant specialists do is increase power:

1. You can simply bore the cylinder and use larger pistons. But this path is fraught with a decrease in the strength of the block.
2. More often they go the other way - they force it by increasing the air supply due to mechanically driven turbines or using turbocharging.

The first way is easier, but it should be taken into account that it is required to create a mechanism with a high gear ratio - the turbine speed is at the level of 10-15 thousand revolutions per minute. Such a drive, forcing the motor, creating the tuning of the ZMZ 406, is difficult to perform. More often they follow the path of using a turbocharger.

The turbocharger uses the energy of the exhaust gas to operate. ZMZ 406 turbo, a gas inlet to the turbocharging system is installed on the exhaust part. On the same shaft with the turbine there is also a compressor that pumps a clean charge of air into the cylinders of the ZMZ 406 engine. The filling is growing. The cyclic fuel supply increases proportionally, which leads to an increase in the amount of the working mixture in the cylinder, and, accordingly, the gas pressure also increases, which leads to an increase in torque. Further, the capacity also grows.

In the theory of internal combustion engines, it is stated that an increase in power during turbocharging is accompanied by a decrease in specific fuel consumption. ZMZ 406 tuning in this way allows you to improve not only the dynamics of the car, but also to improve its efficiency.

In the eighties of the last century, another direction of boost was worked out - this is dynamic boost, the essence of which was to select the parameters of the intake system so that the frequency of pulsations of the air flow at the intake corresponded to the resonant frequency of the system itself.

Mathematical models have been proposed to calculate the optimal diameters and lengths of the intake system. A number of specialists also installed mechanical resonators, which, through special membranes, transmitted pulses from the exhaust system to the intake system. This way makes it possible not to change the engine 406 drastically, but at the same time to achieve an increase in power and a decrease in specific fuel consumption.

The ZMZ 406 engine can be modified and easier. It is enough to grind the inlet and outlet ports in the fuel system. This optimization, with the combination of the GAZelle 406 engine, allows to achieve an improvement in dynamics. The combination of the ZMZ 406 on the UAZ with polished channels will pleasantly surprise the user, the car will pleasantly resemble an energy-rich passenger car.

Popular mistakes of motorists

The pursuit of an increase in power for some motorists is reduced only to alteration of the ZMZ 406 engine. But not all alterations are good. And some are harmful, this is the reverse tuning or anti-tuning:

1. There are rumors on the Internet that you can increase engine power by reducing the weight of the flywheel. At the same time, the authors emphasize that the flywheel takes power and increases the weight of the engine. In fact, the flywheel stores the energy that this engine receives in the "power stroke" cycle for the rest of the cycles in the four-stroke engine. With an increase in the number of cylinders, the relative mass of the flywheel decreases, but this is due to a change in the number of strokes per crankshaft revolution, since more pistons are involved in the work. Ideally, if you bring the number of working cylinders to infinity, then a flywheel is not needed at all.
2. There are experts who recommend installing air swirlers in the intake system. But such experts do not understand that when the air flow moves, a turbulent flow regime is observed. Turbulence, by definition, is motion with a vortex flow, as Bernoulli proved more than 150 years ago. Excessive interference will only reduce the amount of air charge and reduce power, which will affect the efficiency of the engine.
3. Recently, ideas have also appeared to warm up the air at the intake - they say that the 406 engine will increase the injector power. But this is not true. The charge density of the air decreases with heating and constant pressure. Consequently, its total number also decreases. And this leads to the fact that the pressure drops during the combustion of the mixture, the power drops instead of growth.
4. There are also authors who have been repeating for more than forty years that the injector should be supplied with water droplets into the intake tract of the ZMZ 406. But remember that designers are looking for ways to separate fuel and water so that the combustion process is more intense. Water entering the cylinder at a high temperature will begin to cause intense corrosion. When fuel is burned, the exhaust gas contains carbon monoxide and water vapor. Those who have been using motors for a long time know that the ZMZ 406 engine does not need to use ways that worsen its reliability.
5. There was also a group of "experts" who recommend to optimize the engine by replacing the hydraulic chain tensioner. They advocate the installation of an electric tensioner, while the scheme of a vicious device should be redeemed from them for a lot of money. It is already absurd to pay to ruin the power plant.

Therefore, listening to the advice of different specialists, it should be remembered that designers do not understand their business much better than ordinary people. It is not in vain that they abandon many ideas that will ruin the engine.

On which cars is the ZMZ-406 engine used

The modern engine of the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant of the 406th model is installed on GAZ-3110 Volga passenger cars and 3302 trucks.

The motor and automobile plants of the Nizhny Novgorod region constantly monitor their products, collect information on the operation of the manufactured equipment.

Of course, sometimes certain conflict situations arise.

They are connected with the fact that drivers contact with questions:

• troit the Gazelle engine;
• timing marks are not visible;
• injectors fail;
• the pump fails;
• ZMZ piston;
• the oil filter is leaking;
• the thermostat is unstable;
• basic technical characteristics and others are not kept.

Manufacturers always try to provide assistance through their service centers, which are scattered throughout Russia and the CIS.

The ZMZ 406 engine, the carburetor replaced the 402 model and was originally intended in the development process for installation on a new family of GAZ-3105 representative cars. However, in connection with the closure of the project of a new executive class car, the target group of consumers was changed and the plant began to supply the engine to the produced cars of the GAZ family.

As the production of automotive technology developed, the engine began to be installed on low-tonnage trucks of the Gazelle family and all-wheel drive vehicles produced by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant.

The engine was designed from scratch. For the basic prototype, the Swedish engine, the H series, was taken, which was installed on SAAB-9000 cars. The carburetor version has factory indexes ZMZ -4061.10 and ZMZ-4063.10

The resulting in-line petrol four borrowed double camshafts and an electronic ignition distribution system as a constructive solution. For 1993, it was a revolutionary decision for the Russian car industry. ZMZ was the first to use the DOHC design scheme for deliveries to Russian car factories. Although by 1997, the beginning of deliveries to car factories, the 406 engine already had an outdated design, comparing it with the same Saab.

The copying of technological solutions did not allow the actual parameters of the prototype to be removed from the engine. And instead of 150 hp and 210 Nm of thrust as in the prototype, the brainchild of the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant with a carburetor produced 100 hp. and 177 Nm with the same volume of 2.3 liters. The technical characteristics of the original were achieved only after additional refinement of the engine with the installation of an injection fuel injection system.

ICE ZMZ-406 carburetor was installed on the version of light trucks and vans manufactured by JSC "GAZ" until 2006. GAZ 3302. on which a dv 406 carburetor was installed, was perhaps the most common model due to its relative cheapness.

Also, a carburetor engine of this family was installed on passenger cars of the Volga family. This engine provided the lowest possible cost for the car.

Electronic ignition system

Completely Russian development of electronic filling is currently practically unified and a different version of this electronic unit can be installed. It should be noted that the software must be built taking into account the technical characteristics of a particular engine.

A gazelle with an engine 4061.10 was designed for operation on 76 gasoline and the 406 engine had a reduced compression ratio, respectively, firmware was required to ensure stable engine operation on this fuel.

Electronic ignition units for power units are not interchangeable with other engine series. Those. block for 405 is not suitable for installation on a gazelle equipped with a 406 engine.

Fuel system

The engine had two versions, which allowed the use of 76 and 92 gasoline. Due to the transition to international environmental requirements, gasoline with an octane rating of 76 is no longer produced. For normal operation of the engine with index 4061.10, it must be modified.

Fuel is supplied by a diaphragm fuel pump driven by an intake camshaft.

Oil system

For engines of the 406 family, it is recommended to use mineral multigrade oil 10 (15) w40 or, according to API, not worse than SG class. Perhaps this recommendation is due to the fact that the engine plant produces oils under its own trademark.

In fact, it is worth focusing on the API class and choosing the oil viscosity in accordance with the climatic conditions of engine operation. The description of the API oil standard indirectly refers the development of this engine to 1989-1993.

Attention should be paid to the quality of the lubricating fluid itself, since stable characteristics ensure better and more durable operation of hydraulic lifters.

The capacity of the oil system of the power unit differs depending on the make of the vehicle. So for cars of the UAZ family, the design of the engine sump was changed.

Standard diseases 406

Overheat

The engine is very sensitive to overheating. On a long ride on a boiling engine, it drives the cylinder head. The problem with overheating is associated with poor pump performance and the condition of the cooling radiator. The materials used in the water pump have certain design tolerances that cannot guarantee the volumetric flow rate and pressure in the cooling system.

The design of the impeller allows for cavitation destruction of the blades, which reduces efficiency. In addition, the question remains about the corrosion resistance of the pump shafts.

Inefficiency of the pump affects the condition of the internal channels of the radiator. With the external cleanliness of the surface, the channels narrow and the heat transfer decreases.

Another reason for overheating is poor performance of the thermostat. Incorrect setting of actuation or wedging of structural elements during operation.

The design features of the coolant channels and the lower location of the radiator can provoke the creation of locking air locks that impede the circulation of the liquid.

Oil consumption

During operation, an increased oil consumption of up to 1.5 liters per 1000 km of run is recorded. Oil consumption can occur without visible leakage. The problem is caused by poor quality seals, clogged labyrinth seals under the cylinder head cover, insufficient durability of the O-rings. It is associated with poor-quality assembly and can be modified independently during operation.

Oil consumption is affected by the condition of the valve stem seals. Inspection and replacement as needed.

Loss of oil through block sweating is less common and cannot be corrected on your own, as the problem is related to the porosity of the cast iron used to cast the block.

Traction characteristics

Dips in idling performance and sudden loss of power while driving are caused by the failure of the ignition coil.

Ignition system

Malfunction of the engine "triplet" ignition system is caused by problems with the ECM software, spark plugs, ignition coil. A simultaneous failure of several system elements can be recorded.

Engine knocking

When using low-quality oil or insignificant overrun before changing the oil, the operation of the hydraulic lifters is disrupted. The knock is clearly audible even after the engine reaches normal temperature conditions.

Basically, all the malfunctions revealed during operation are due to the poor quality of the components, as well as the low level of assembly culture at the plant, which was typical at the beginning of the production of the engine of this family.

Tuning 406

Tuning the 406 engine, the carburetor is replaced from the standard one to Sollers, although the technical specialists of the manufacturing plant indicate that such a replacement is not advisable, since the standard K-151D carburetor has consistent calibrations specifically for the 406 series engine.

A deeper alteration of the 4063.10 engine consists in changing the fuel supply system from a carburetor to an injection one. Such alteration is possible, but it is fraught with certain difficulties.

To increase air supply to the engine, replace the standard air filter housing and install a straight air filter. A deeper modernization of the air supply system consists in the removal of the intake manifold outside the engine compartment to reduce the temperature of the incoming air.

To improve heat transfer and reduce the temperature peak, oil radiators or radiators of the cooling system with an increased blowing area are used.

To increase power, it is possible to install a turbocharger, select camshafts, replace valves and CPG parts. But these improvements for light trucks are not justified from an economic point of view.

Engine ZMZ 406 2.3 l.

Characteristics of the ZMZ-406 engine

* - for the ZMZ 4061.10 engine
** - for the ZMZ 4063.10 engine

Malfunctions and repair of the Volga / Gazelle ZMZ-406 engine

The ZMZ-406 engine is the successor to the classic ZMZ-402, a completely new engine (albeit made with an eye on the Saab B-234), in a new cast iron block, with an overhead camshaft, the latter now have two and, accordingly, a 16 valve engine. On the 406th, hydraulic lifters appeared and you are not in danger of fiddling with constant valve adjustment. The timing drive uses a chain that requires replacement every 100,000 km, in fact, it runs more than 200 thousand, and sometimes it does not reach 100, so every 50 thousand km you need to monitor the condition of the chain, dampers and hydraulic tensioners, tensioners, usually, very low quality.
Despite the fact that the engine is simple, without variable valve timing and other modern technologies, for GAZ, this is a great progress in relation to the 402 engine.

Engine modifications ZMZ 406

1. ZMZ 4061.10 - carburetor engine, SZh 8 for 76th gasoline. Used on Gazelles.
2. ZMZ 4062.10 - injection engine. The main modification is used on the Volga and Gazelles.
3. ZMZ 4063.10 - carburetor engine, SZh 9.3 for 92nd gasoline. Used on Gazelles.

Malfunctions of ZMZ 406 engines

1. Hydraulic tensioners of the timing chain. It tends to jam, as a result of which the absence of oscillations is not ensured, the noise of the chain occurs, followed by the destruction of the shoe, the jumping of the chain, and possibly even its destruction. In this case, the ZMZ-406 has an advantage, it does not bend the valve.
2. Overheating of ZMZ-406. A common problem, usually the thermostat and a clogged radiator are to blame, check the amount of coolant, if everything is in order, then look for air locks in the cooling system.
3. High oil consumption. Usually the case is in the oil scraper rings and valve seals. The second reason is a labyrinth oil deflector with rubber tubes for oil drainage, if there is a gap between the valve cover and the labyrinth plate, then the oil leaves. The cover is removed, coated with sealant and there are no problems.
4. Thrust dips, uneven XX, these are all dying ignition coils. On the ZMZ-406 this is not uncommon, change it and the motor will fly.
5. Knocking in the engine. Usually, hydraulic lifters knock on the 406th and ask for a replacement, they go about 50,000 km. If not, then there are a lot of options, from piston pins to pistons, connecting rod bushings, etc., an autopsy will show.
6. Engine troit. See candles, coils, measure compression.
7. ZMZ 406 stalls. The point is, most often, in the BB wires, the crankshaft sensor or the IAC, check.

In addition, sensors are constantly buggy, electronics are of poor quality, there are problems with the gas pump, etc. Despite this, the ZMZ 406 is a giant step forward (compared to the ZMZ-402 of an outdated design), the engine has become more modern, the resource has not gone anywhere, and as before, with adequate maintenance, timely oil change and a calm driving style, it can exceed 300 thousand .km.
In 2000, on the basis of ZMZ-406, the ZMZ-405 engine was developed, and later a 2.7-liter ZMZ-409 appeared, a separate one about it.

Volga / Gazelle engine tuning ZMZ-406

Forcing ZMZ 406

The first option for increasing engine power, by tradition, is atmospheric, which means we will install shafts. Let's start with the intake, install a cold air intake, a larger receiver, cut the cylinder head, modify the combustion chambers, increase the diameter of the channels, grind, install the appropriate, lightweight T-shaped valves, 21083 springs (for evil variants from BMW), shafts (for example, OKB Engine 38/38). It makes no sense to twist the standard tractor piston, so we buy forged pistons, light connecting rods, a lightweight crankshaft, we balance. Exhaust on 63 mm pipe, straight-through and we set it all up online. Output power is approximately up to 200 hp, and the character of the motor will receive a pronounced sporty touch.

ZMZ-406 Turbo. Compressor

If 200 hp for you childish fun and want real fire, then blowing is your way. In order for the motor to withstand high pressure normally, we will put a reinforced forged piston group under a low SG ~ 8, otherwise the configuration is similar to the atmospheric version. Garrett 28 turbine, manifold for it, piping, intercooler, 630cc injectors, 76mm exhaust, MAP + DTV, setting in January. At the output we have about 300-350 hp.
You can change the nozzles to more efficient ones (from 800cc), put the Garrett 35 and blow until the engine collapses, so you can blow out 400 or more hp.
As for the compressor, everything is similar to turbocharging, but instead of a turbine, manifolds, pipes, an intercooler, we put a compressor (for example, Eaton M90), set up and drive. The power of the compressor options is lower, but the motor is flawless and pulls from the bottom.