VAZ 8 valve engine bends the valve. Valve bending: causes and consequences, on which engines can occur

When buying a car, not all motorists are interested in whether the power plant installed on the car is "plug-in", i.e. whether the valve bends on it when the timing is broken. And this question is quite important and the answer to it depends on how laborious and how much it will cost to repair the engine in the event of such a breakdown.

What is a plug-in motor?

This concept characterizes the likelihood of collision of pistons with valves, as a result of which the latter are damaged - they bend.

This situation arises when the timing drive is broken, when the gas distribution mechanism stops, and the crank continues to operate by inertia.

"Plug-in" and "non-plug" power units are in the lineup of almost all car manufacturers, including VAZ. In this case, the second option of engines, of course, is a higher priority when choosing a car.

If we consider AvtoVAZ products, then this manufacturer has a fairly extensive line of power plants, and in some motors, when the timing drive is broken, the valve bends, while in others such a breakdown does not occur.

The problem when choosing a VAZ car for purchase is the fact that both "plug-in" and "non-plug" units can be installed on the same model, which can confuse the buyer.

What engines are on some VAZ models, see below.

It is worth noting that the type of timing drive affects the likelihood of valve bending. For example, on the VAZ of the classic family (VAZ-2101-2107) and the Niva, only plug-in engines were installed. But on the motors of these cars, a timing chain drive is used, which is highly reliable. Therefore, on classic VAZ and Niva, the problem with valve bending due to a collision with the piston is, in fact, not relevant due to the low probability of its occurrence.

Starting with the VAZ-2108 and ending with the latest models - Priora, Grant, Kalina, etc., only the timing belt drive is used. Here it can break off and the damage that the motor will receive depends on whether it is "plug-in" or not.

Why do engines bend valves?

One of the methods is to ensure the most efficient filling of the combustion chambers with a fuel-air mixture and the removal of exhaust gases. And this is done in two ways - by increasing the number of valves per cylinder and increasing the throughput of the intake and exhaust ports.

The second method is realized by increasing the distance of the valve exit from the seat, and it is this that causes it to collide with the piston, followed by bending.

Thanks to the drive of the gas distribution mechanism from the crankshaft, synchronous operation of the timing and KShM is ensured. During normal operation of the power unit, on the approach of the piston to the TDC, the valves are in the closed position, which excludes their contact.

If the drive of the gas distribution mechanism is cut off, the connection between the mechanisms is lost, and the timing stops immediately, and the KShM continues to function (due to the inertia of the flywheel). In this case, the return valve springs set the camshaft in a position in which most of the camshaft cams do not press on the valves (they are closed), but some of them still turn so that they act on the valves and the latter turn out to be open.

In "non-stick" engines, it is structurally provided to maintain the distance between the valve disc and the piston crown, which is at TDC, therefore, even with the valves open, contact does not occur.

On these power plants, a break in the gas distribution mechanism does not lead to any internal damage to units and parts, and to restore the power unit's performance, it is enough to install a new belt and perform adjustment work (set everything according to the marks).

But if the power plant is "plug-in", strongly protruding valves collide with the piston, which leads to their bending. On such motors, a break in the timing drive is usually accompanied by a strong single knock. In this case, engine repair is laborious and expensive, since it is necessary to change damaged parts and restore the cylinder head.

On VAZ power units subject to valve bending when the drive is broken, timely and periodic diagnostics of its condition, checking and adjusting the tension are especially relevant. Such measures are practically the only ones to prevent valve breakage.

VAZ engines - "non-stick" and "risky"

Since several power plants are installed on each of the VAZ models, it is important to know which of them are "plug-in".

As already noted, on the classic VAZ (2101-2107) and VAZ "Niva" power units were installed, in which the valves are bent. But since the timing drive on these motors is a chain drive, "sticking" can be disregarded.

Samara

On cars of the "Samara" family (VAZ 2108-21099) the following were installed:

1. Units marked VAZ 21081, 2108 (carburetor and injection);
2. Motors 21083, 21091;
3. 8-valve VAZ-2111 (models of later years of production).

Of these, units 21083 and 2111 did not bend the valves when the timing belt broke, but versions 21081 and 2108 were "risky".

VAZ 2110-2112

On the models of the 10th family (VAZ-2110-2112), the line of power plants is even more extensive. Some units were installed on all cars of this family, and some were offered only for certain models.

Common to all models were motors with indices VAZ-2110, 2111 (8-valve), 2112, 21114, 21124. Of these, the VAZ-2112 and 21114 engines are "plug-in", and the rest of the valves are not bent.

Additionally, the VAZ-2112 model car was equipped with a VAZ-21128 power unit, which is also "risky" and if the timing belt breaks, it bends the valves.

Samara-2

Cars of the Samara-2 family, to which the VAZ 2113-2115 models belong, are equipped with units of the VAZ-2111, 21114, 21124 and 21126 brands. Of these, only the VAZ-2111 and 21124 engines are “risk-free”.

Also, for the VAZ-2113 and 2115 versions, a motor with an index of 11183 was offered, in which a broken belt does not lead to bending of the valves.

"Granta", "Kalina", "Priora"

Lada "Granta" is equipped with a line of installations of the following brands: 11183, 11186, 21126 and 21128. The latter two of them are also equipped with the version of "Grant Sport". Of all the motors, only version 11183 is "non-stick", the rest are bent valves.

For Lada Kalina, motors of the brands VAZ 11183, 11186, 11194, 21126 and 21127 are offered. The latter two units are also installed on the Kalina Sport model, and the Cross version is equipped with engines 21127 and 11186. Of the entire line, only the VAZ-11183 engine does not bend the valves when the timing belt breaks.

Lada "Priora" is equipped with installations with indexes 21114, 21116, 21126 and 21127. All these motors are "plug-in" motors.

Note that only the main brands of power plants are indicated above, with which certain models are equipped. But AvtoVAZ almost always "sins" with experimental small-scale production, when units that are not typical for it are installed on some cars.

For example, an engine with an identical index was installed on the VAZ-2109, which differs from version 2108 in a lightweight design, and a small series of VAZ-2108 was completely equipped with a rotary installation marked VAZ-415.

READ BY TOPIC: Other characteristic and other models in the series.

Foreign cars

Let's touch on the topic of foreign cars a little. Below is shown on which engines from Toyota, Suzuki, Daewoo, Chevrolet, Citroen, Hyundai, Renault, Volvo, Kia, Fiat, Mercedes, Peugeot, Honda, Ford, Geely, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Audi, Volkswagen, Skoda, Opel, Lifan, Chery, Mazda, Subaru bending the valve.

Determine which engine is risky

A large number of VAZ power units and the likelihood of hitting an experimental model makes it difficult to determine whether the engine on a particular car is "plug-in". Moreover, even studying those. the documentation does not always give a reliable answer.

Determining whether the valve on the engine is bending is only possible by its physical check. This operation is not entirely simple, especially for 16-valve units, but it allows you to accurately establish their susceptibility to valve bending.

This method is suitable for checking cars from other manufacturers.

The verification algorithm is very simple:

• Remove the timing belt from the engine;
• Install the piston of the first cylinder at TDC;
• We turn the camshaft (16-valve version - two) two turns;
• We set the TDC on the second cylinder and again make two turns.

If, during the check, the camshafts rotated without stopping, the engine does not bend the valves.

Although this method of verification is laborious - it is necessary to disassemble the timing drive, then reassemble, set according to the marks, but it gives an exact answer.

Ways to solve the problem

Since the collision of pistons with valves has rather serious negative consequences, many motorists are interested in whether this situation can be influenced.

There are several methods that make it possible to make a valve-bending motor into a "plug-free" one.

The simplest of these is the installation of grooved pistons. By the way, on some VAZ engines this is exactly how the problem with "sticking" is solved.

On the bottom of such pistons there are special recesses for valve discs. Due to this, the latter in the open position do not come into contact with the pistons installed at TDC.

But not all motors can be modernized in this way, for the reason that it is not always possible to find pistons with factory-made grooves to replace the "native" ones.

The second method is to make the grooves on the piston yourself. This method is suitable for those who have not found "non-stick" replacement pistons. But this method has a significant drawback - it is very difficult to make the same indentations on all pistons. As a result, an imbalance of pistons by weight may form, which will affect the resource of the KShM. Also, grooves of different sizes can cause, and this problem cannot be eliminated.

The third method is to increase the height of the combustion chamber. This is done by installing 2-3 gaskets under the block head. This method has a negative side - an increase in the volume of the combustion chamber, which entails a fall, and as a result - a decrease in power and an increase in fuel consumption.

Tuning and its impact on "sticking"

VAZ is an excellent option for, which many owners use. One of the main types is to increase its power, and this is done in the same way that designers use - ensuring better filling of the cylinders with an air-fuel mixture. To do this, it is enough just to install a tuning camshaft instead of a standard camshaft - with a higher cam height.

But the increase in power with the help of the tuning shaft also has a negative side - the valves leave the seats to a greater distance, which means that the probability of collision with the pistons increases when the timing drive is broken. Therefore, such tuning makes even a "risk-free" motor "plug-in".

In order not to make the engine "risky", during tuning it is better not to make adjustments to the timing design, but if it is decided to make an upgrade, then you should be ready to constantly monitor the state of the drive.

Finally, we note that if the engine is "plug-in", this does not mean that it is very problematic. With timely maintenance of the timing drive, the likelihood of such a breakdown as valve bending is very low and it may not occur throughout the entire period of the vehicle's operation.

5 / 5 ( 2 votes)

VAZ cars of the 2112 family were produced with one of four engines. Two of them are 8-valve, two more are 16-valve. The 8-valve motors have grooved pistons so the valves cannot bend. But this property does not apply to any Lada cars: almost all 8-valve valves during the transition. It is known on which of the engines VAZ-2112 never bends the valve - it remains the motor 21124 (1.6 16v).

See how difficult it is to change valves on a Ten. All steps in one video

We are talking about 2111 and 21114 engines. They are injection engines, and the shape of the pistons was inherited by them from the 2110 carburetor engine.

ShPG elements (pistons) 2110-1004015

Actually, the same pistons were installed on three different 8-valve valves: 2110, 2111 (1.5 8v), 21114 (1.6 8v). The piston article number is 2110-1004015.

Two deep grooves ensure that any of the valves, intake or exhaust, can not "meet" the surface of the piston, even if the timing belt breaks.

The standard 8-valve valves on the VAZ-2112 do not bend the valve, no matter what some owners say. Sometimes, and if the valves fly out more than provided by the VAZ, then there will be no guarantee against bending. Therefore, follow the regulations.

And the following is provided:

• Intake valve lift - 9.4 mm;
• The lift of the exhaust valve is 8.95 mm.

We quote the values ​​taking into account the thermal gap. Whoever exceeds them will get the result.

Are 16-valve engines bent?

ShPG elements (pistons) 2112-1004015 and 21124-100401504

In pistons 2112-1004015, the grooves are indeed made. The probability of kinking is reduced, but it is not reduced to zero. Therefore, always pay attention to the rollers and rollers on a 16-valve engine.

The VAZ-21124 engine is one of those 16-valve engines that do not bend their valves. The grooves are made so that no valve meets the piston.

Items:

• 2112-1004015 - the piston of the VAZ-21120 engine (1.5 16v);
• 21124-100401504 - the piston of the internal combustion engine VAZ-21124 (1.6 16v).

Make no mistake when choosing.

Motors 21124 are in short supply!

One of the most beloved engines on a 12-ke is 124. It does not bend the valve, it rides well, but what else is needed?

The number of VAZ-21124 engines produced for the entire time is difficult to calculate. Maybe it even exceeds the number of 20 motors. The 21124 engine had a Euro-4 version, and this engine, regardless of the version, is in short supply. Prices also remain high. Well, a less voluminous 16-valve valve is rated lower, despite the fact that it is more powerful!

Used motors that bend their valves are no longer needed by anyone. It cannot jam, the belt will break and the owner "got" on the capital. Draw conclusions.

Tuning example video: increasing the volume from 1.5 to 1.6

Details Category: News Published on 27.07.2018

AVTOVAZ engines will receive a new piston engine, which will allow to avoid bending of the valves when the timing belt breaks.

As you know, one of the disadvantages of modern engines is the bending of the valves when the timing belt breaks. It is quite difficult to predict the resource of the belt, since it can break off not only due to wear, but also when the pump or tension roller is jammed.

When a timing belt breaks, a modern engine usually bends the valves on the pistons. This leads to costly repairs.

AVTOVAZ decided to eliminate this problem, CARscope.ru reports. The plant's supplier, Federal Mogul, has mastered the production of pistons with special notches.

Thanks to this shape, both the pistons and the valves will remain intact, even if the timing belt breaks.

The new piston group is intended for a wide range of engines. This is an 8-valve VAZ-11186 with a capacity of 87 liters. sec., as well as 16-valve engines VAZ-21126 (98 hp) and VAZ-21127 (106 hp), which are installed on the Kalina and Grant family of cars.

The 106-horsepower VAZ-21129 engine, intended for the Vesta and XRAY models, is also soon to receive a version with new pistons. But the new VAZ-21179 unit with a volume of 1.8 liters and a capacity of 122 liters. With. until a new piston is received.

Before buying a car, many owners do not yet know about such a problem as a broken timing belt, and as a result, pistons collide with valves on some engines and bend them. This problem exists not only in domestic cars, but also in modern foreign cars, and this threatens with rather expensive repairs. This trouble was still with the old models of Zhiguli, but now we are interested in modern engines and it is them that we will consider. And on the left in the picture, the consequences of this trouble are shown, so carefully read the information below to avoid a similar picture, because, as they say, no one is immune from this.

Bends valves on the following motors

1. 16-valve engine with a volume of 1.5 liters. Although it is no longer installed on cars, at one time there were quite a few of them on the tenth family. It was then that the owners of these cars felt what it was. On a personal example, 2112, my valve bent 2 times. And in both cases, after replacing the timing belt, not even 10,000 km have passed.
2. Model 21126, which is currently installed on both Kalina and Priors and Grants. As you already know, the collision of valves and pistons is also inevitable when the belt breaks. Moreover, repairs can be very expensive, since, in addition to all this, it can break the entire piston, from the pistons themselves to scoring on the cylinders and bent connecting rods.
3. Modification 21116, which is now being put on both Grants and Kalina recently. Although this sia unit is 8-valve and has not changed much, it will bring a lot of trouble when the pistons and valves meet. This is due to the fact that the piston group in this engine is lightweight, so there is no space for the recesses in the pistons - accordingly, the valves are bent.
4. 1.4 16-cl. For the first time, the engine was installed on Kalina and it is also unsafe, although quite economical.
5. VAZ 21127, which will be installed on the Lada Kalina for the first time. It has a volume of 1.6 liters with a similar design to its predecessor from the Priora, but slightly more power. He also belongs to this list of "dangerous" motors.

The valve does not bend on motors such as:

• 1.5 8-cl and 1.6 8-cl. The power unit with a smaller volume was installed on earlier versions of cars. And 1.6 for later ones, including Kalina too. Everything is fine here and no breaks in the timing belt are terrible, since the pistons have deep recesses for the valves, which are quite enough to avoid a collision.
• 1.6 16-valve modification 21124. This engine was installed on the VAZ 2112 at one time and was in rather popular demand, as it was both powerful and reliable in this regard.

In order to somehow reduce the likelihood of getting into expensive repairs, be careful with the choice of components and spare parts. Change the belt in time and before buying it, carefully inspect it for the presence of a seam, and if there is one, then it is better to abandon it. And don't forget about videos, which must also be of high quality.

A rather relevant question, on which VAZ engines does not bend the valve, will probably interest every owner of a car from a legendary domestic manufacturer - old or new - without much difference. The fear of a belt breaking in some drivers even turns into a kind of paranoia: they begin to carry a spare belt with them, study the state of the worker at every opportunity, consult with all friends and acquaintances who have anything to do with the car business. But can such actions always lead to the planned result?

On which VAZ engines does not bend the valve, you need to know for sure, and these data will strengthen you in understanding: will you have to repair, apart from replacing the belt when it breaks, the engine as well? After all, this procedure can take a lot of effort and, most importantly, money.

A bit of history

It is not difficult to remember engine modifications on models. But all in order! The first were 8-valve engines (1.5 and 1.6 liters). The valve did not bent on them. And all - for a simple reason: the pistons in the intended design did not occur in the event of an incident with valves.

The developers bypassed the potential problem quite well, honor and praise for it (how many this feature saved from unplanned and rather expensive repairs)! A little later, a new motor for those days.

With all the improvements and increased horsepower up to 92(from 76), which was a clear plus, this motor also had some, not immediately noticeable shortcomings. The design of the mechanism has been changed thanks to a new head (16-valve). And as a bonus - the meeting of the pistons with the valves in the event of a break in the timing belt (at the most inopportune moment, as a rule)!

As a result- the valves are bent on this model unambiguously. And the car owner was expected by quite expensive repairs, which cost a pretty penny. The reason, in addition to breaking the belt, is simple - the very design of a 1.5-liter engine with 16 valves: the pistons do not have special under-valve recesses and, as a result, they hit the valves hard. There is a bend of these parts, popularly called: the valve is bent.

Correcting errors: But now a few years have passed, and the designers have revised their concept. At 2112, new 1.6-liter engines were installed, also 16-valve ones. In these modifications, little has changed from the previous ones, but there were recesses for valves on the pistons, which make it possible to avoid the meeting of these parts in the event of a belt break, and therefore expensive repairs.

All repeats

Not so many years have passed, the happy owners of these VAZ models have already begun to get used to the good. To the fact that when the belts break, the valves on the engine do not bend, injuring it from the inside. But it was not there! The domestic auto industry does not allow you to relax even for a minute. The Priora (updated ten) appears on the horizon, a seemingly modern machine, quite decent for many. Engine - 1.6 liters, 16 valves. Motorists thought that such annoying flaws would not happen to him.

However, as practice has shown, if the belt breaks on the Priora, the valve still bends (that is, they also meet with pistons, as in the very original 16-valve mechanisms). And who needs it, one wonders: an additional fix for the present times, costing a pretty penny? After all, the repair of the Prior's engine will cost even more than that of the usual dozen.

One good thing is that the likelihood of such a flaw is still reduced by the designers to a minimum: the belt is much wider and it does not break so often. But sometimes it breaks! Or, for example, a defective spare part may come across, and the likelihood of a rush will increase significantly. What to do then? We'll have to repair the engine, and not just install a new belt. Because it is not possible to predict when this may happen with hidden defects.

It remains only to make a wish so that this breakdown does not occur somewhere in an open field, where cars do not pass often, but in the city with the ability to tow your car.

By the way, on Kalina they also install engines similar to the methods of destructive action on the valves, only 1.4 liters (16 valve). So, as they say, be vigilant and know: on which engines the VAZ does not bend the valve, and on which - bends! There, you will have to constantly monitor and check the condition of the belt and take preventive measures to prevent timing breaks.