What starter means. How starter works: Device and work principle

Starter car- This is part of the electrical equipment of modern cars. It provides the engine speed of the crankshaft needed to start the engine. E. the DC motor draws its energy from the battery battery.

Interesting fact!Inventor from the United States Charles Kettering in 1911 began work on the "Electric Starter" project, which will subsequently give him the position of vice-president in "General Motors" and world glory.

Signs of starter malfunction

If you notice that starter does not twist the motor or screws not enough To start - this is a fault. electric character. Check by starting the entire chain from the battery.

About symptoms of mechanical say not working engine when the starter is running, grachet during start and hum when working. Here it is necessary to inspect: the lever of the overtaking clutch, the ring of the coupling, the buffer spring, the crown of the flywheel.

Symptoms, promising fast failure: Starter does not work immediately - after a pair of attempts to turn the key; Late comes out of engagement; Works basically with a fully charged battery.

Important! As you often can check the starter and the components associated with it for performance. The starter can last up to 200 thousand km. Run, if you will exploit it with it. Timely diagnosis and prevention will significantly increase its life resource.

Check starter without removal

Consider how to check the starter without removing.

Starter does not rotate when turning the key- Look, in what position is the selector lever. There must be "parking" or "neutral". Make sure the integrity of the fastening of the wires on the terminals and on the starter relay. Check if the battery is charged.

When turning the ignition key, the starter does not twist, but the clicks of the traction relay during the charged battery are heard.- Faulty Relay Contacts or Starter Engine. If clicks are not listened, it means that a broken relay is broken or a breakdown in the electrical relay circuit happened.

When the starter engine twists slowly, pay attention to the voltage - it must be at least 12 V.

Did you know? The electric starter is applied in cars since 1920.

How to remove the starter

In order to remove the starter, you need assistant and lifting. If there is neither one, no other procedure personally, it will take about an hour of your time. Next, act according to the following instructions:

Before removing, make sure the engine has cooled. Otherwise, you risk getting it.

How to check the starter with battery, relay diagnostics

Before checking the starter, without removing from the car, make sure that the battery battery is in order. You can do this with a multimeter. If everything is in order with the battery, you can start checking. The operation will be carried out using a voltmeter.

Before checking the retractor starter relay, find its positive terminal. This is a thick wire that comes from the battery to the bolt at the starter. On this terminal and dress the probe of the red (positive) wire of the device, and the wire of the black color is connected to the mass of the car.

For a successful check, invite the assistant, which at this stage will turn the ignition key. If there are no problems with the mechanism - the voltmeter arrow will show the voltage of 12 V, and the starter will give a click. If the value of the device is smaller, then the problem is in the ignition lock as the battery is already checked. You can check the starter to another device. If you do not know how to ring the starter multimeter, below shows a small instruction. To check, put the device into a horizontal position and set the arrow of the multimeter to zero. Determine the voltage source calibration and translate the instrument values \u200b\u200bswitches to the modes you need. Be sure to inspect all the wires for their integrity.

If all is well, close the appliance ends on the check area and move the arrows reaction. If the digital value is visible on the display.

Remember! In the test site, there must be no voltage before checking.

How to check anchor and brushes

To check whether the brushes are all right, take a 12-volt light bulb. Connect its wires to the holder and the mass of the brushes. If the light bulb will light up - this is a sign of breakage, and the brushes will have to be replaced.

Work under heavy load can lead to a short circuit of anchor windings. How to determine the place of closure, except for visual inspection, you can check the anchor of the starter by a multimeter. Check is to measure resistance between the case and windings.

To check the resistance value, the desired circuit is connected to the output terminals of the multimeter installed in the module mode. A good vein will show the resistance, close to zero, and its insulation is the value seeking infinity.This is the general rule of checking wires and cables.

Diagnosis of Bendix

If the starter turns on, and the motor does not twist, it's time to learn how to check Bendix starter. Bendix is \u200b\u200busually not repaired, but is replaced, but the reasons for his breakdown should be known. There are not many of them:

Verification of Bendix is \u200b\u200bmade without difficulties. Come up with a soft gasket to wrap the mechanism and thereby get rid of damage.

Then place it in vice, while the coupling of the device must have a one-sided turn. If there is a rotation in two sides, the reason for the breakage is the coupling defect. This item will have to be replaced. Observing the exact order of actions and instructions, checking the starter and the replacement of defective parts you will easily.

What is the starter and for what it is present in the car knows perhaps every boy. It is one of the main elements to launch an internal combustion engine, and any violations in its normal operation will make this process almost impossible. Despite the fact that the device of this node does not differ in difficulty and similar to most modern cars, few of the car owners will be able to independently dig a starter or carry out any repair work.

If within the city of the city, all this can make a wizard from the nearest car service, then on a deserted track, and even in winter, the breakdown of this node can lead to sad consequences. Despite all this, few of the cadets of the driving school during their training pay due attention to the device of the car engine as a whole, and the starter in particular. If we talk about this vehicle node is quite simple, it is a powerful electric motor with a gear, by means of which the crankshaft is rotated at the time of rotation of the ignition key.

Starter device - just about complex

A small in size of the unit consists of a variety of details, among which are all a few main.

Most starters produced today are identical to each other. Of course, there are also small differences. For example, the principle of operation of this node installed on cars with automatic transmission may differ. Thus, there are necessarily holding windings, designed for the impossibility of a random motor start, when the gearbox selector occupies any running position. In addition, the mechanisms of automatic separation of the gear may differ.

Principle of the standard automotive starter

To understand how the starter works, the whole process can be divided into three main stages:

• the starter gear connection with the crankshaft flywheel;
• launch of the starter;
• separation of the flywheel of the crankshaft and the gear of the starter.

After a successful start of the car engine, the power supply to the electromotor stops, and in the future operation of the motor, it does not take part. If you submit it to work in more detail, it will look like this.

On this, the work of this node is stopped, and until the next launch of the motor in the car, it does not accept participation. Despite such a short-term work, the assignment of the starter for the car is difficult to overestimate, and any malfunctions will lead to the full inability to start the engine.

Other car starter designs

Despite the principal similarity of the main part of the starters, there is one significant difference in the design. On modern cars with diesel engines, as well as high power engines, as a rule, a rotary starter is mounted, or a device with a gearbox. It has a special planetary gearbox under the main building, which, due to its design, allows the voltage being passed through itself to be repeated and, accordingly, increase the torque. This is especially important for powerful motors. In addition, such a starter scheme has other advantages:

For example, it is worth noting that simple modifications have considerable advantages, which should include:

• an extremely simple design that allows you to repair any complexity with your own hands;
• the starter drive instantly clutches with the crankshaft drive, due to which the start of the motor is carried out almost instantly;

About how the starter works and how it works shown on the video:

Is it possible to extend the life starter

Regardless of its design, the car starter is a fairly expensive node, and his sudden failure inevitably entail unforeseen material expenses. Therefore, during the operation of the car's performance of this item, maximum attention should be paid to the maximum, except for the period of its trouble-free operation will also help compliance with the elementary rules:

To prevent a critical moment when the starter needs to be replaced either expensive and long-term repair in the service, you should pay attention to any changes in its usual work. A few signs can be attributed to the number of the most common precursors near the breakdown.

1. The delay in the work that appears when the ignition key appears, which serves as a signal to be promptly checked by the retractor starter.
2. In the warm season, with normal viscosity of the oil, there is an extremely difficult rotation of the crankshaft - in this case, the state of bearings or device brushes is immediately checked.
3. Muffed out the starter gear out of engagement with the crown of the crankshaft, which is often the cause of such a phenomenon.
4. When turning the ignition key, the sound is heard characteristic to start a motor, but the start itself does not occur.
5. Upon confirmed intake of the power supply - its rotation is completely absent.
6. After starting and starting the independent operation of the engine, the starter does not turn off, continuing the rotation and consumption of a huge amount of electricity.

Diagnostics - better to trust a professional

Any of the above faults, in itself is not critical, but if it is not eliminated in time, it can lead to a complete way out of the device. Despite the fact that the place where the starter is located does not differ in difficult access, and its check is possible, with your own hands, it takes a certain experience. Moreover, if the starter is new or with a slight service life, it is much easier to give it to professional diagnostics.

It is held on a special bench, allowing to identify absolutely all violations in its normal work. With a lack of experience and knowledge, an independent damage of this node and its repair will end with the need to replace it, and when the device is reversed, the device's connection scheme can be broken. If you exclude mechanical malfunctions that are associated with the wear of its main parts, the main malfunctions and malfunctions in the starter work are related to the electrical part:

• emboss of the electrical circuit;
• closure inside the device case;
• the combination of the mechanism itself in those places where the working elements and the electric current of the large voltage occurs.

Separately it is worth mentioning about wear brushes. When improper control and replacement of this consumable element, the device power drops sharply, and even with a fully charged battery, the motor start is quite difficult to implement.

Each more or less experienced driver knows perfectly well that the starter is a device of the primary engine start, without which run the motor, to put it mildly, is very difficult (but not impossible). It is this element that allows you to create the initial rotation of the crankshaft with the desired frequency, so it is an integral part of any modern car or another device,

Structural starter is a four-pole electric DC motor. It gets nutrition from the battery, and its power depending on the car model can be different. Most often for gasoline engines, 3 kW starter starters are used. Let's try to clarify in more detail what is the starter: what is it, what is its principle of operation and device.

Basic function

It is known that the diesel or gasoline motor engine rotates due to fuel microwaves in combustion chambers. All other electrical equipment is powered directly from it. However, in a fixed state (in a muted), the motor cannot give a torque or electrical energy. That is why the starter is required, which provides the initial rotation of the engine using an external battery power source.

Device

This element consists of the following parts:

1. Case (it is the same electric motor). In this steel item, excitation windings and cores are placed. That is, the classic scheme of almost any electric motor is applied.
2. The anchor of alloy steel. Collective plates and core are attached to it.
3. Retractor starter relay. This is a device that feeds power to the electric motor from the ignition lock. It also performs another function - pushes the overtaking coupling. There are power contacts and a movable jumper.
4. Bendix (so called the overtaking clutch) and the drive gear. This is a special mechanism that across the gear transmits torque to the flywheel.
5. Brushes and brush holders - transmit voltage to collector plates. At the same time, they increase the power of the electric motor.

Of course, depending on the specific starter model, its device may differ slightly. However, in most cases, this element is made according to the classic scheme and contains all the components described above. The differences between these mechanisms can be insignificant, and most often they are in the method of separation of gear. In addition, in cars with an automatic transmission, the starters are completed with additional windings that are intended to prevent motor start-up, if the "automatic" is set to the running position (D, R, L, 1, 2, 3).

Principle of operation

Now you understand that this is a starter in the car. It sets the starting rotation to the engine, without which the latter simply cannot start work. Now it is possible to consider its principle of operation, which can be divided into 3 stages:

1. Compound of the main drive gear with flywheel.
2. Starter starter.
3. Disconnection of the flywheel and drive gear.

The cycle of this mechanism itself lasts a couple of seconds, as it does not take part in the future operation of the motor. If you consider the principle of action in more detail, it looks like this:

1. The driver translates the key in the ignition lock to the "Start" position. The current from the battery circuit enters the ignition lock and follows the traction relay.
2. Bindix drive gear joys with a flywheel.
3. Simultaneously with the gear gear, the chain is closed, as a result of which voltage is supplied to the electric motor.
4. Engine starts.

Types of starters

And although it looks like, the devices themselves may differ in constructive execution. In particular, they can be with a gearbox or without it.

In vehicles with diesel engines or high-power motors, starters are used with gearboxes. This element consists of several gears that are installed in the starter housing. Thanks to him, the tension is enhanced several times, which makes the torque more powerful. Starters with gearboxes have advantages:

1. Higher efficiency and efficiency.
2. Consume a weaker current when
3. Compact sizes.
4. Keep high performance efficiency even when dropping the battery charge.

As for ordinary starters without gearboxes, their principle of work is based on direct contact with the rotating gear. The advantages of such devices are as follows:

1. Quick start of the motor due to an instant connection to the flywheel's crown when the voltage is applied.
2. Easy work and high maintainability.

Recently, generators starters become popular, which relate to devices for starting the internal combustion engine and electricity generation. In essence, the generator starter is an analogue of serial produced generators and starters separately.

Incorrect operation

And although many drivers understand that the starter is just a tool for running a motor, many of it exploit wrong. In particular, the situation is common when, after starting the engine, the driver still holds the key in the ignition lock in the "Start" position. It should be understood that the current consumed by the starter during operation is 100-200 amps, and 400-500 amps can reach 400-500 in the frost. That is why they are not recommended to hold the starter for 10 seconds or more. Otherwise, Bendix can spin hard, warm up and swam.

Also, drivers often use the starter as an electric motor in cases where there is no gasoline in the tank. They simply include the first transmission and rotate the ignition key. The car rows and even rides only thanks to the work of the starter. In this way, you can drive 100-200 meters, but it will finally kill the starter.

In general, the starter should work 3-4 seconds maximum. If the engine is started for 10 seconds, then something is not in order with the system.

Conclusion

Now you understand what it is for an element in the car and how it works. By the way, it is not worth it to be confused with a plant, as women do. It is worth understanding that the latch starter is a plant, and the car starter is the element of the Launch of the DVS.

The car starter device provides the engine running engine from the salon in any weather conditions. Most modern starters are similar to the principle of action, the device. All of them, in fact, are electric motors of high power of short-term action (10 s at normal temperature, 15 with winter). The starting cycle consists of three attempts with an interval of 30 with between them. Since the car has a single source of electricity (battery), the designers have chosen a DC motor for starters.

Schematic scheme

Running the engine is carried out by scrolling the flywheel's crown to which the starter gear is supplied. It gears the teeth with the flywheel only when the retractor relay is triggered, scrolls the flywheel with a powerful force (it is demonstrated on the video), after which, it returns to the formerly not adhesive state. The principle of starter operation is based on the movement of the overtook coupling, called the Bendix on the shaft when the relay is triggered.

As soon as the flywheel speed becomes higher than the speed of the electric motor (which indicates the launch of the machine's motor), the Bendix gear is discarded back, getting up with the flywheel. To do this, the starter tree has screw-shaped slots. The work of the starter is short-lived, after discarding the gear, it does not participate in the car movement. This is ensured by the design - the gear rotates freely only one way.

Thus, the sequence of actions when starting the engine engine is as follows:

1. the ignition key closes the circuit feeding the voltage on the winder relay winding;
2. the Bendix gear longitudinally moves along the shaft, engaging from the gear of the flywheel (on which the principle of operation of this node);
3. simultaneously with the movement, the circuit is closed, the supply voltage on the winding of the starter motor;
4. with sustainable operation of the car engine, the Bendix gear is discarded in its original position.

In various modifications, designers increase the car starting unit resource, changing the collector (brushes serve longer), using mixed winding excitement. Reliability of extension increases with a special relay consisting of two windings with the same number of turns. The principle of operation is based on compensation of opposite poles, in which the core is demagned, after which, the power of the return spring becomes enough to return anchor to its original state. The gear is disclaimed with the flywheel, the power contacts also open. The video shows the work of the classic starter nodes, other types of the unit have a similar effect, differ in dimensions.

Types of starters

The differences between the starters of various modifications are in the design of the engagement devices, the electrical part is the same in all. The principle of operation is distinguished, the design of the two main nodes: friction shock absorber, the mechanism of automatic discharge.

Classic option

The principle of the work of the classic type starter imposes restrictions on the characteristics of the gear of the coupling, the diameter of the flywheel. Reducer steam cannot have a teeth ratio above 16/18, which requires the use of sequential excitation of the winding of the electric motor. The disadvantage of the classic starter is low efficiency, strong heating, cumbersome excitation winding. The idle mode is dangerous to the device, since the electric motor can "go Voznos".
The advantage of a car starter with independent excitation is to increase efficiency, decreased dimensions, no overheating. Increase independent arousal in three ways, given the principle of operation of EDV:

• connecting the winding to an anchor independent source (controlled excitation);
• installation on the stator of constant magnets (uncontrollable excitation);
• parallel winding connection (parallel excitation).

With planetary gear

For the car, only a second option, improved by the planetary gearbox built into the starter body. The advantages of the design of this type are as follows:

• the battery voltage drop at the DVS start does not affect the magnetic field of the electric motor;
• multi-pole magnetic system compact electromagnetic;
• the principle of operation of the magnetic system allows you to increase the efficiency;
• cheap reserves from which magnets make, reduce the cost of the starter;
• the planetary gearbox adapts the characteristics of the electric motor with the frequency of rotation of the crankshaft;
• with cold start, a smaller current is consumed, the reliability of start-up increases.

The principle of operation of the planetary gearbox involves high wear of the gear. To increase the resource, the main gear is cast from thermosetting plastic under pressure, remed by bronze. Noise is reduced when working, the strength, wear resistance increases. The use of hard graphite in collector brushes, removal of copper powder material increased the interremary period of this node. There are types of drive mechanisms: inertial, electromechanical, combined. The couplings of the free move are snoring, roller, friction ratchet.

And a significant car was born without a starter - the engines were launched by a clockwork handle, and this was considered the norm. Actually, cars have a dawn motorization enough other, more urgent problems, against which the rotation of the handle before the trip was not the most significant. However, the heavy and unsafe launch of the engine manually was nevertheless an obvious bottleneck of the first self-challenges, and in 1911 the American mechanical engineer Charles Kettering proposed the design of the electric starter. And in 1912, the first car was released, which carries the invention of kettering - Cadillac Model 30.

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However, despite this, the technical revolution did not happen - which can be traced at least according to the famous Ford T, which, which, bearing millionic circulations, was started with a handle until 1919 ... Actually, the reason was to considerable the extent that Charles Kettering, crowned as The inventor of the starter, offered Cadillac's not exactly the design, which is applied everywhere in our days!

Its design was difficult and unreliable, since the starter after launching the motor did not disconnect from the crankshaft, and switched to the generator mode, and the leading American autocontracens of that epoch reacted to the idea of \u200b\u200bcool. The reason for the support of the invention of Kettering Cadillac wounded in the personality of the founder of the company Henry Lyland, whose close to each other in 1910 was seriously injured by the back jerk of the clockwork handle with a too early ignition and as a result, died ...

The technical mini-revolution in the automotive industry thanks to the starter still happened - but four years later, in 1916. Namely, when another American engineer Vincent Gogo Bendix proposed to divide the generator and starter into two separate nodes, and connect the last to the engine only briefly - with the help of an overtaking coupling, known to this day as "Bendix".

Starter design

All car starters are very similar to each other. I figured out in the device of anyone - consider, understand everything. Although Matiza, even kamaz ...

The basis of any starter is the simplest electric motor. The flow of current on the rotor (it is "anchor") is carried out by powerful copper-graphite brushes, and the magnetic force of the stator is provided by either electromagnets or permanent magnets. The electrical schemes of most modern starters do not have fundamental differences - all starters for the vehicle electrical system are connected at three points - power plus from the battery, mass through the case, and the control plus from the ignition lock. It differs in essence, only power expressed in dimensions.

On the cylindrical building of the starter, the "barrel" of a smaller size is distinguished - this is the so-called "retractor relay". It performs two functions - actually feeds the starter to the starter, having powerful contacts, withstanding currents in hundreds of amps, and also adapts the starter shaft with the engine shaft through the rocker lever and the overtaking coupling- "Bendix".

This clutch works on the principle of classical bicycle bushings - that is, the starter can turn the motor, but the engine has not been "dragging" the starter, spinning on its destructive high speeds.

Visual 3D-Animation Starter Design

More notable differences between one starter model from the other are in the design of the front support of the rotor. The classic device is when the axis of the rotor is set at the starter on two bearings - the support sleeves from the bronze-graphite alloy. These bushings are, respectively, in the front and rear caps of the starter.

In principle, this "double-heat" design is the most reliable and correct. But often there are "one-stage" starters (on the garage jargon they are often not very correctly called nonsense), in which the rear support shaft of the rotor is, as it should be, in the back of the starter, but the front cover is absent at all.

In this case, the front support becomes the engine clutch or Carter CPP, where the support bushing is pressed. The starter is installed in its place in the car - and the shaft is based on two sleeves, as well as. As a rule, such a solution is used to reduce the dimensions of the nodes, and in principle, so far everything is fine, it is not worse than the classic one. But if the front support sleeve in the CATER CARTER is broken, it is already much more difficult to produce it - it is done by car and sometimes in very uncomfortable conditions. While in the two-air starter, the bushings are changing on the workbench, where everything is in sight and easily accessible.

Another fundamental constructive moment, distinguishing models of starters from each other - gearbox. Rather, its absence or presence, and in the case of availability - type. The fact is that the transmission of torque from the starter rotor to the engine flywheel can be carried out directly or through the gearbox built into the starter.

The option "directly" is when the "Bendix" gear, rotating the engine flywheel, is located right on the axis of the starter rotor. This design is sufficiently archaic, characterized by excess dimensions and weight, as well as a huge current consumed, but still occur. Much more efficient, easier and more compact gear starters. In them, the moment is transmitted to the weden of the flywheel or through one intermediate gear, or through the planetary transmission with another slowdown.

"Planetary" starters meet today most often. With them to start the engine, a battery is enough, almost twice the smallest tank and start current, rather needed for the same motor at a starter running directly.

Example of starter repair

From the theory, we turn to the real unit requiring repair. In our case, the symptoms of malfunctions were such - the starter began to rotate the motor very sluggish, regardless of the degree of charge of the battery. At the same time, being dismantled with the engine and connected starting wires to the battery, revolved cheerfully. The well-defined motor was badly managed to start even with such a sluggish rotation, but at some point the starter rose finally and emptied the smoke ...

After removing the back cover from the starter body, it was poured with a pair of tablespoons of black dust. Therefore, the first diagnosis is brushes. Remove the brush knot, remove the housing with the magnets (which the auto electricians between themselves call the "flask"), and remove the rotor.

After purging all parts of compressed air and washing in gasoline, it became clear that the brushes were worn almost completely, and their remains were almost shorted with a graphite powder. The power of the springs, pressing the remnants of the brushes, weakened, the resistance of the contact has increased, the brush holders and springs have been heated before planning, melting, climbing and hanging brushes.

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We take a brush knot as a sample, and go to the nearest contingent repair office and generators, where we ask you to choose a similar part. It costs us a brush knot assembled at 400 rubles, which at the cost of a new starter from 4 to 5 thousand quite inexpensive!

Clean the rotor and evaluate the state of the collector - the contact ring for which the brushes work. Wear noted by the naked eye (the photo shows the arrows), but the collector is able to still work after replacing the brushes. We care without a groove, taking it with small emery paper - this is enough.

In general, the depreciation of the rotor collector is a serious problem. In principle, under normal conditions, the collector of any starter is able to change a pair of brushes sets, but if its contact lamellasts have swept away - the rotor goes to scrap. This detail is expensive, it is not easy to buy it separately, and it is rational, except that for free - if a similar starter with a live rotor from old stocks of autochlama has or friends ... For when you completely killed a collector at the starter, there is usually no living space.

We look at the overtook coupling, otherwise - "Bendix" (name, by the way, went from the manufacturer's manufacturer BENDIX). Rotating his gear manually. One way is spinning to another - no. We move forward-back along the axis of the shaft - it goes easily, without jamming. In our case, with "Bendix", all the okay, it should be.

Meanwhile, the failure of the overtaking clutch is also a serious malfunction, since it is necessary to buy the necessary modification easily for the starters of common models - problems may arise with the search for the Bendix ... The main typical cause of the clutch fault is the wear of springs and rollers inside it, due to What she slip, without blocked when rotating in the working direction. As a result, the starter buzzes and turns, and the crankshaft stands. This malfunction is diagnosed easily - "Bendix" turns manually in both directions, whereas should be rotated only in one direction. In a good way, the overtaking clutch is in this case to be replaced because it has an unintended construction. Although some enthusiasts are ruined its body, stretch the "stinking" springs, cut new rollers from Kalen rods, but the result of this compensation is most often short-lived.

Since the rotor is extracted, simultaneously estimate the state of the planetary gearbox. We take out the gears, rinse with gasoline, inspect. Everything is in order, there are no complaints about the reducer. We apply on the gears and their bearings light layer lubrication Sls.

Note that the gearbox is a fairly reliable starter knot. It happens that the axes of gear-satelite satellites are cut off or the outer gear ring is burst - but it rarely occurs, and most often due to the initial defects of the metal or its processing, and not due to the loads during everyday work. For example, in the planetary gearbox starters, an external gear ring, called the "crown", is often made of plastic and quite durable (in our case, as can be seen in the photo below, the "crown" is metallic).

As a gearbox lubrication, ideally requires special compositions for planetary gears or special consistent low-temperature compositions, but they are not cheaps and rare - they are irrational to buy them for one-time work, where you will need one gram from all the most expensive tubes. Therefore, it is quite acceptable to apply a common lubricant for shruses or good imported lubrication for hub bearings. The main thing is to apply it in a very small quantity - to fill the gearbox! The abundance of a strongly poppy in the frost of Litola, to pay between the teeth of the gear, causes an excessive leap of current and even threatens to break the plastic "crown" ...

Now it is to work in styling. It will unwise not to evaluate the status of the contacts of the retractor relay, once the starter is removed and cleaned. But if we needed only keys for 8, for 10, and the cross screwdriver to disassemble the starter, and the cross-screwdriver will be able to open a traction relay only by a 100-watt soldering iron. From the relay there are wires, pass through the contact pistons in the lid, and they are disappeared outside. Therefore, after turning off the two crosses of the cap screws, it will be possible to raise it, just warming up alternately solder on two contacts shown in the photo by arrows. In fact, this is a simple procedure, and it can be done repeatedly if necessary.

We were lucky - contacts in order. Slightly refresh them, having joked a lump of sandpaper, squeezed in the "Warkes". After that, alternately warm the soldering iron, the passing pistons on the cover, and sharply slapping the lid on the table - the residues of the molten solder are flying out of the pistons, the holes are released, and now the lid can be put on the protruding wires and pour it back.

By the way, a serious error of car owners, carrying out the repair and prevention of the starter with their own hands, is the lubricant of the core of the retractor relay. In this node, the lubricant is not needed at all - maximum, you can slightly make the core and its nest engine oil and wipe almost dry - pure to reduce the probability of corrosion. And any consistant lubricants in this node are contraindicated - in the cold even the best and cold-resistant of them are capable of jamming the core. In the gap of the retractor relay should be pure and dry!

We collect the starter in the reverse order, not forgetting to lubricate (too without fanaticism!) Rear sleeve rear sleeve. Can I install the unit on the machine? You can, but first we will do one more thing!

The fact is that in the newly-acting brush knot - smooth parallelepipeds. And the collector is cylindrical, and even acquired from wear form is not quite the right cylinder. And, in a good way, the working edges of the brushes must have semicircular samples to increase the contact area, the plus should take place to the real collector profile.

Therefore, the first starter inclusions on the engine did not give rise to excess heating of the collector and the brushes due to the passage of a large current through a reduced contact stain, we will carry out a light wrap. Take the wires for the "cigarette", and with their help we connect the starter lying on the table to the battery, and twist a minute-other in the interruption.

Now now - all. We put the starter on the engine and enjoy fast and confident launch.

Have you ever encountered a starter repair?