English vocabulary on the topic of the car. Research work "The device of the car and engine" (in English)

Words on the topic "Car" are a fairly large layer of vocabulary in the English language. It includes numerous terms about the device of the car, the road, the rules of the road. In this article, we will look at the most common vocabulary that is used not by auto mechanics, but by everyone who drives a car.

The selection of words and expressions is divided into five topics. The first three are nouns (car parts, interior parts, road), I did not add example sentences to them, since there should be no difficulties with their use. Verbs on the topic “Driving”, “Accident” are given with examples to make it clearer how they are used.

Please note that the automotive vocabulary in English contains many words that differ in British and American languages. They are marked with the abbreviations UK (British) and US (American).

The main parts of the car in English

headlights	headlights
low beams	dipped headlights
high beams	high beam
bumper (UK)	bumper (UK)
fender (US)	bumper (US)
windshield (US)	windshield (US)
windscreen (UK)	windshield (UK)
wipers (windshield wipers)	wipers
boot (UK)	trunk (UK)
trunk (US)	trunk (US)
rear view mirror	rearview mirror
side mirrors (sideview mirrors)	side mirrors
tire (UK)	tube, tire (UK)
tire (US)	tube, bus (US)
flat tire	flat tire
wheel	wheel
steering wheel	steering wheel
bonnet (UK)	roof, bonnet (UK)
hood (US)	roof, bonnet (US)
tank	tank
taillights	rear lights
door	a door
silencer (UK)	muffler (UK)
muffler (US)	muffler (US)
spare parts	spare parts
spare tire	spare wheel
petrol (UK)	gasoline (UK)
gas (US)	gasoline (US)
license plate	plate number
license plate number	car number
make	car model
model	automobile model

Notes:

• With the word fender(bumper) there is an interesting expression fender-bender(to bend - to bend). This is the name of a small accident with minor damage to the car.
• The car number in a different way, more officially, can be called vehicle registration number... In colloquial language, they usually don't speak so long, preferring options: registration number, plate number, license plate number, license plate.
• You may come across words licenSe and licenCe... All English except American licenCe Is a noun, and licenSe Is a verb. American English does not use the word licenCe and the word licenSe can be both a verb and a noun. In this regard, the car number may be called license plate(USA) or license plate(other countries).

In the car (interior details)

dashboard	dashboard
back seat	backseat
front seat	front seat
seatbelt	safety belt
door lock	door lock
door handle	doorhandle
glovebox (glovie)	glove compartment
horn	beep
accelerator	gas pedal
brake	brake pedal
clutch	clutch pedal
handbrake	hand brake
lighter	cigarette lighter
manual transmission (UK)	manual transmission (UK)
standart (US)	manual transmission (US)
automatic transmission	Automatic transmission
gearshift	gear shift lever (manual)
gear selector	gear shift lever (on automatic transmission)
airbag	air bag

Notes:

• horn- this is the beep itself, beep - to honk(the horn).
• With the word back seat(back seat) there is an expression back seat driver- literally, "driver in the back seat". This is what they say about a passenger who tells the driver how to drive, and also, in a broader sense, about a person who likes to explain “how to do it right”, although he himself does not participate in the process.

English words about "Road"

road	road
route	highway, highway
motorway (UK)	backbone (UK)
highway (US)	trunk (US)
onramp	highway exit
lane	lane
lane marking (road surface marking)	road markings
speed bump	speed bump
crossroad (UK)	crossroads (UK)
intersection (US)	intersection (US)
road sign	road sign
traffic light	traffic lights
pavement (UK)	sidewalk (UK)
sidewalk (US)	sidewalk (US)
crosswalk	crosswalk
pedestrian	a pedestrian
car park (UK)	parking (UK)
parking lot (US)	parking (US)
parking space	parking space
traffic	road traffic
traffic jam	Cork
rush hour	rush hour

Driving Expressions

• to buckle up- buckle up

Make sure that the passengers are buckled up... - Make sure passengers are wearing their seatbelt.

• to fasten (put on) seatbelt- put on a seat belt

Fasten your seatbelts, please. - Please fasten your seat belts.

• to brake- to brake

Do you know how to brake? - Do you know how to brake?

• to hit the brakes(colloquial) - slow down (colloquial)

I had to hit the brakes when I saw a pedestrian. - I had to slow down when I saw a pedestrian.

• to stall- stall (about the engine)

Can you help me? My car stalled... - Can you help me? My car stalled.

• to step on the accelerator- press the gas

Shift into first and step on the accelerator... - Switch to first speed and press on the gas.

• to accelerate (to speed up)- accelerate

You can speed up on a highway. - You can speed up on the highway.

• to reverse- take back

Please, reverse carefully. There is a lemo behind us. - Please back up carefully. There's a limousine behind us.

• to honk (the horn)- honk (beep)

He could not hear the car honkingbehind him. “He didn’t hear the car humming from behind.

• to make a U-turn- turn sharply

He struggled with the steering wheel, attempting to make U-turn... - He struggled with the steering wheel, trying to make a sharp turn.

• to follow the speed limit- observe the speed limit

We can drive where we want, but we have to follow the speed limit... - We can drive where we want, but we must comply with the speed limit.

• to exceed the speed limit (to speed)- exceed the speed

Don’t exceed the speed limit, speeding may cause collisions with animals. - Do not overspeed, overspeeding may result in collisions with animals.

• to run a red light- go to the red light

I was in hurry and ran a red light... - I was in a hurry and drove through a red light.

• to tailgate- go back to back (to the front of the car), do not keep the distance

Tailgating causes many car accidents. - Failure to keep the distance leads to many accidents.

• to pull over (off)- stop (and leave the carriageway)

If your car starts to overheat, pull over immediately. - If your car starts to overheat, stop immediately.

• to pull out of- leave (e.g. from a parking lot)

The bus pulled out of the parking lot. - The bus left the parking lot.

• to cut (someone) off- trim

I speeded up and someone cut me off... - I put on the gas and someone cut me off.

• to park- park

Sorry, you can't park here. - Sorry, you can't park here.

• to pass a car- overtake the car

The “Do Not Pass” sign indicates that passing a car is prohibited. - The sign “Overtaking prohibited” means that you must not overtake the car.

• to change lanes- move to another lane, change lane

The driver decided to change lanes but didn’t make sure that it was safe to do. - The driver decided to change lanes, but was not convinced that it was safe.

• to change gear- change gear

Learn how to change gear first. - First, learn to change gear.

• to run out of gas (petrol)- use up fuel

Where is the nearest gas station? We are running out of gas... - Where is the nearest gas station? We are running out of gasoline.

• to fill up (the car)- fill the car)

Always fill up the car before a long drive. - Always refuel your car before a long trip.

• to flag (someone) down \ wave someone down- brake the car (with a gesture)

The police officer flagged me down and asked for a drivers license.

• to get in- get in the car

Get in! Get in the car! - Sit down! Get in the car!

• to get out- get out of the car

I'd like to get out at the post office. - I would like to go out at the post office.

• to pick (someone) up- pick up a passenger

Can you pick me up at nine o'clock? - Can you pick me up at nine o'clock?

• to drop (someone) off- drop a passenger

Drop him off at the nearest subway station. - Drop him off at the nearest metro station.

• to indicate- show turn

Never turn without indicating... - Never turn without showing a turn.

• to drive off- to leave from somewhere

I shut the door and the cab drove off... - I closed the door and the taxi left.

• to give (someone) a lift (UK)- pick up (UK)
• to give (someone) a ride (US)- pick up (US)

Can you give me a ride, please? - Could you give me a lift?

Expressions on the topic "Accident, problems with the car"

• car accident (car crush)- car accident

In the beginning of the movie a few people died in a car accident... - At the beginning of the film, several people died in a car accident.

• to have a flat tire (puncture)- punch the wheel

On the way to the airport, we had aflat tire... - On the way to the airport, we had a flat tire.

• to break down- break down (about the car)

Sorry, I'm gonna be late, my car broke down... - Sorry, I'll be late, my car broke down.

• tow truck- tow truck

There is nothing you can do, call a tow truck... - You can't do anything here, call a tow truck.

• to tow- evacuate

Cars parked on the road will be towed... - Cars left on the road will be evacuated.

• to run into (someone)- bump into someone

The first time I was driving a car, I ran into a tree... - The first time I was driving, I crashed into a tree.

• to slam on the brakes- brake sharply

The driver in front of me slammed on thebrakes and I nearly ran into him ... - The driver in front of me braked sharply, and I almost crashed into him.

• to run over (someone)- move someone

It looks like they are going to run over someone... - It seems that they will run over somebody now.

• to sideswipe- hit the side of the car

See those scratches? I got sideswiped by some idiot. - Do you see these scratches? Some idiot hit me.

• to rear-end- enter the car from behind

I broke suddenly and she rear-ended me. - I braked sharply, and she drove into me from behind.

• to veer into oncoming traffic- go (abruptly) into the oncoming lane

His car veered into oncoming trafficand ran into a tractor. - His car turned into an oncoming lane and crashed into a tractor.

• to drive on the wrong side of the road- go on the wrong side (on the opposite side)

And then I noticed that we were driving on the wrong side of the road... - And then I noticed that we were driving in the oncoming lane.

• to lose control- not cope with control

The driver lost control and the car ran into a brick wall. - The driver lost control and the car crashed into a brick wall.

• to skid - get into a skid

The car skiddedon a patch of ice and veered into a snow bank. - The car skidded on the ice and carried out into a snowdrift.

• to roll over - roll over

The driver was thrown from his car when it rolledover... - The driver was thrown out of the car when it rolled over.

• drunk driving- drunk driving

There are laws against drunk driving, but not against driving with a hangover. - There are laws prohibiting drunk driving, but not driving with a hangover.

• reckless driving- dangerous driving

Their car rolled over, possibly as a result ofreckless driving... - Their car overturned, possibly as a result of dangerous driving.

• distracted driving- careless driving

Distracted driving is the act of driving while engaged in other activities such as talking on the phone. - Careless driving is driving in which the driver engages in extraneous activities such as talking on the phone.

• to hit and run- knock down a person and hide

She was hit and run but fortunately she was not heavily injured. - She was hit by a car, which then disappeared, but, fortunately, she did not receive serious injuries.

• to have a head-on collision- crash into the forehead, make a direct collision

When Robert tried to pass a car he had a head-on collision with a truck. - When Robert was trying to overtake the car, he made a direct collision with the truck.

• a driving ban- deprivation of rights

I got a two years driving ban for drunk driving. - I was deprived of my license for two years for drunk driving.

Vinitsyn Sergey

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MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

FGOU VPO BRYUKHOVETSK BRANCH OF "KUBAN STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY"

Scientific - practical conference on the topic "The best research, experimental design, creative work"

Theme of work: "The device of a modern car»

(in English)

Head: Yakuba N.A., foreign language teacher.

Art. Bryukhovetskaya-2010

Currently, the socio-cultural context of learning a foreign language has changed, the professional importance of a foreign language in the labor market has significantly increased .. From a secondary subject, it has become one of the most popular disciplines in Russia, in particular in the Kuban, economic ties with English-speaking countries are expanding ( America, England, etc.). Currently, the enterprises of the Kuban require specialists who speak English. The materials in English presented in this research paper serve as one of the ways to form the technical thinking of future specialists.

The English language research paper is intended for technical students as well as anyone interested in technology and wanting to expand their knowledge of the English language.

The research work included 3 sections, each section contains several texts, a dictionary and exercises are given for each text. The exercises are based on basic lexical and grammatical material. The presented tasks are based on a differentiated selection of language and text materials, taking into account the peculiarities of foreign language communication of specialists in the field of technology and mechanical engineering.

The purpose of the research work is to acquaint English learners with various issues of the device of cars, as well as the basic concepts and terms of mechanical engineering.

Basic information is the device of cars.

The materials of the work can be used both in the course of independent work of students on the language, and in practical classes under the guidance of a teacher.

Introduction 3

Section 1. "The types of engines" 4

Topic “ENGINE” 4

Topic "STEAM ENGINE." 5

Topic “DIESEL ENGINE” 7

Topic “ WHAT IS AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE? " nine

Section 2 “STARTER MOTOR. DRIVER'S CABIN. THE CHASSIS "12

Topic “ STARTER MOTOR. HOW THE DRIVER STARTS THE CAR? ”12

Topic “ DRIVER'S CABIN. THE CHASSIS AND THE BODY. " fourteen

Section 3 “Systems in the construction of a automobile” 16

Topic “Cooling system” 16

Topic “FUEL SYSTEM. BRAKES ”. eighteen

Topic “DRIVIHG SYSTEM” 20

Technical translation 23

Used literature 27

Appendix 28

Section 1. "The types of engines"

Topic "ENGINE"

1. Vocabulary.

to make - make

to be referred to as - referred to, referred to

to term - to name

to cause - to cause, cause, cause

although - although

to create - create

shaft - shaft

engine - engine

source - source

wheel - wheel

combustion chamber - combustion chamber

to take place - to occur

ENGINE

The engine is the source of power that makes the wheels go around and the car move. It is usually referred to as an internal combustion engine because gasoline is burned within its cylinders or combustion chambers.

This burning, or combustion, takes place an a high speed termed as an ”explosion”. The high pressure thus created causes a shaft to turn or rotate.

This rotary motion is transmitted to the car so the wheels rotate and the car moves. Most automobile engines have four or six cylinders, although some eight-, twelve- and sixteen cylinder engines are in use.

3. Answer the questions:

1. What is transmitted to the car so the wheels rotate?

2. How many cylinders have most automobile engines?

3. What is the source of power?

4. What can you say about internal combustion engine?

4. Fill in missing words:

1. This burning, or combustion, takes place an (high speed).

2. Gasoline is or combustion chambers.

3. Power that makes the (wheels turn) and the car move.

4. The high pressure thus created causes a or rotate.

5. Most (car engines) have four or six cylinders.

5. Translate into Russian:

1. car moves
2. high pressure
3. internal combustion engine
4. wheels go around
5. source of power
6. rotary motion
7. sixteen cylinder engines
8. transmitted to the car
9. Most automobile engines
10. within its cylinders

Topic "STEAM ENGINE."

1. Vocabulary.

steam chest - steam container

the more ... the more - the more .... the more

mostly - mostly, for the most part

to invent - to invent

to boil - to boil

pipe - pipe

steam - steam

valves - valves

piston - piston

to reach - to reach

pressure - pressure

stroke - stroke

speed - speed

opening - hole

2. Read and translate the text.

STEAM ENGINE.

The steam engine was the first high-speed engine ever invented. The principle of the steam engine is simple. When water is boiled, it changes in to steam. The more the steam is heated, the more pressure it has.

A steam engine has some important parts. One is a boiler where fire turns water into steam. The steam goes through a pipe to the other important part - the steam chest with a cylinder and a piston in it. There are valves, or openings, in the steam chest. As the piston moves in the cylinder, it opens and closes the valves automatically, so that fresh steam enters just when the piston has reached the end of its stroke. A rod from the piston is connected to a wheel.

Now steam engines are mostly used in locomotives.

3. Answer the questions:

1. What is connected to a wheel?

2. What are some important parts of a steam engine?

3. What can you say about the principle of the steam engine?

4. Are there valves, or openings, in the steam chest?

5. How now steam engines are mostly used?

4. Fill in missing words:

1. One is a boiler where __________water into steam.

2. A rod from the piston ___________to a wheel.

3. The steam engine was the first ____________ever invented.

4. As the __________in the cylinder, it opens and closes the_____________, so that fresh steam enters just when the piston has reached the end of its stroke.

Missing words: fire turns, valves automatically, high-speed engine, is connected, piston moves.

5. Translate into English:

1. steam heats up
2. piston moves
3. important parts
4. fire turns water
5. high speed motor
6. steam collector with cylinder
7. end of turn
8. connects to the wheel
9. more pressure

Topic “DIESEL ENGINE”

1. Vocabulary.

gallon - gallon - eng. (4.54 L); amer. (3.78 L).

besides - besides, except

to last - to last, continue, persist

screw - screw

like - similar, similar

directly - directly, directly

alone - one, only

immediately - immediately, immediately

spray - spray, spray, spray, spray

fuel - fuel

to inject - to inject

to ignite - ignite

to use - use

2. Read and translate the text.

DIESEL ENGINE

A diesel engine is like a gasoline engine but simpler. Diesel engines are usually larger and can do more work. The fuel used in a diesel engine is oil. In diesel engines only air is blown into the cylinder. It does not need spark plugs. Diesel engines can be four - stroke ones and two - stroke ones.

Diesel engines use a cheaper kind of fuel and give more power for each gallon of fuel burned than gasoline engines. Besides they last much longer. In new trains and ships diesel engines run large generators which make electricity. The electricity runs motors which are connected to the wheels of the train or to the ship "s screws.

The diesel engine is an internal combustion engine. It uses oil as a fuel. The fuel is introduced in the form of spray and the engine requires no special ignition device.

In the four-stroke cycle Diesel engine air alone is drawn into the cylinder on the charging stroke. This air is being compressed on the return stroke to a very high pressure. The result of the combustion is that the air is heated to a high temperature.

The heavy oil injected into the air at the end of the stroke will be immediately ignited by It. The oil burns rapidly, but without explosion. The compression pressure is much higher than that in any other oil or gas engine.

3. Answer the questions:

1. What happened at the end of the stroke?

2. Is in the four-stroke cycle Diesel engine air or petrol drawn into the cylinder on the charging stroke?

3. What is the result of the combustion?

4. What is fuel used in a diesel engine?

5. A diesel engine is like a gasoline engine but simpler, isn’t it?

6. How diesel engines are used in new trains and ships?

4. Fill in missing words:

1. The ___________is an internal combustion engine.

2. This air is being ________on the return stroke.

3. The electricity ________which are connected to the wheels of the train or to the _________.

4. Diesel engines use a cheaper _________and give more power for each gallon of ________than gasoline engines.

5. In diesel engines only air ______into the cylinder.

Bank of words: compressed, fuel burned, diesel engine, ship "s screws, runs motors, kind of fuel, is blown.

5. True or false:

1. In new trains and plane diesel engines run large generators which make electricity.
2. The fuel used in a diesel engine is petrol.
3. In the four-stroke cycle Diesel engine air alone is drawn into the cylinder on the charging stroke.
4. The oil burns slowly, but without explosion.
5. In new trains and ships diesel engines run large generators which make electricity.

Topic “ WHAT IS AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE? "

1. Vocabulary.

detachable - removable

secure - to strengthen, attach

to exert - to influence, to exert influence

duration - duration, duration

succession - sequence

to comprise - to include, to contain

to succeed - follow something

admission - admission, access, entrance

motion - movement

to take place - to happen, to happen

to secure - to protect, prevent

internal combustion engine - internal combustion engine

mechanical energy - mechanical energy

to consist of - to consist of ... ..

inside - inside

crankshaft - crankshaft

rotary - rotating

flywheel - flywheel

inlet valve - inlet valve

exhaust valve - exhaust valve

camshaft - camshaft

constantly - constantly

majority - majority

revolution - turn

2. Read and translate the text.

WHAT IS AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE?

The gasoline engine is that type of machine where power generated within the cylinders. The engine is set in motion by the explosions of a mixture of gasoline and air.

Combustion takes place above the pistons. The detachable head is secured to the top of the cylinder block. It encloses the cylinderblock and forms the combustion chamber. When the fuel is burnt within the cylinders the expansion of gases is used for producing piston movement. Such a type of engine is called the internal combustion engine.

In any internal combustion engine the gas charge is drawn into the cylinder.

The internal combustion engine converts heat into mechanical energy by burning a mixture of oil fuel and air within its cylinder or cylinders. The internal combustion engine consists of the following: 1. A cylinder (there may be several). 2. A piston which moves up and down inside cylinder. 3. A crankshaft connected to the piston by a rod known as a connecting rod. The connecting rod turns the up-and-down motion of the piston into a rotary motion of the crankshaft. 4. A flywheel which keeps the crankshaft moving when the pressure is exerted upon the top of the piston. 5.Two valves known as the inletvalve and the exhaust valve. 6. A camshaft which is used to open and close the valves. "Combustion engines may be divided into types according to the duration of the cycle on which they operate. By a cycle is meant the succession of operations in the engine cylinder which constantly repeats itself. The great majority of modern automobile engines operate on the four- stroke cycle.

It is completed in four strokes of the piston, or during two revolutions of the crankshaft. Engines are also being built to operate on a cycle which is completed in two piston strokes. The four-stroke cycle comprises the following four phases or operations, which succeed one another in the order in which they are given: Admission of the charge to the cylinder. Compression of the charge. Combustion of the charge. Expulsion of the products of combustion.

3. Answer the questions:

1. What are the operations in the four-stroke cycle?

2. What can you say about gasoline engine?

3.Discribe the internal combustion engine.

4. A camshaft which is used to open and close the valves, isn’t it?

5. Why is such a type of engine called the internal combustion engine?

6. What energy does the internal combustion engine convert?

7. How many valves are there in the internal combustion engine? What are they?

4. Fill in missing words:

1. It is completed in (four moves) of the piston, or during two revolutions of the crankshaft.

2. In any internal combustion engine the charge is the cylinder.

3. The detachable head is secured to the top of the (cylinder block).

4. The (engine) is set in motion by the explosions of a (mixture) of gasoline and air.

5. A (flywheel) which keeps the (crankshaft) moving when the pressure is exerted upon the top of the piston.

6.It is completed in four strokes of the (piston) or during two

(turning) of the crankshaft.

5. Translate into Russian:

1. gasoline engine
2. combustion chamber
3. air within its cylinder
4. close the valves
5. two revolutions of the crankshaft
6. in two piston strokes
7. connecting rod.
8. great majority
9. the inlet valve and the exhaust valve
10. duration of the cycle

Section 2 “STARTER MOTOR. DRIVER'S CABIN. THE CHASSIS AND THE BODY. "

Topic “ STARTER MOTOR. HOW THE DRIVER STARTS THE CAR? ”

1. Vocabulary.

STARTER MOTOR - Electric starter

to be put into engagement (bld.) - to engage

toothed ring - toothed ring

periphery - rim

disengagement gear - disengaged gear

to project - stand out, perform

moisture - moisture

to arrange - embed

dust - dirt

driver's cabin - driver's cabin

action - action

To release pressure on the clutch pedal - release the clutch

To disengage - turn off

Direct drive - direct drive

Speed ​​- speed

Hand brake - hand brake

Lever - lever

Clutch pedal - clutch pedal

Lightly - slightly

Accelerator pedal - gas pedal

to press - press

to increase - increase

gear shift lever - gearshift lever

2. Read and translate the text.

STARTER MOTOR

The starter motor is mounted on the left side of the engine. It is a small motor enclosed to prevent the dust and moisture from entering. The gear on the starter shaft is so arranged that. It can be put into engagement with a toothed ring cut on the periphery of the flywheel. The starter is only required to work for a few seconds. An automatic disengagement gear is used to put it out of action when the engine is started.

A steel rod connects it with the pedal that projects through the floor of the driver's cabin. All that is necessary to start the car, is to press the starting pedal.

HOW THE DRIVER STARTS THE CAR?

Low Speed. The driver releases the hand brake lever and presses on the clutch pedal in order to disengage the clutch. He moves the gear shift lever to the left and back. It is the low speed position. He releases pressure on the clutch pedal and at the same time presses lightly on the accelerator pedal. Now the car is started. He releases the second speed.

Second Speed. The driver released pressure on the accelerator and again disengages the clutch. He moves the gear shift lever through the neutral position. He returns the clutch pedal to its normal position and presses on the accelerator pedal. That is all. He engages the high speed.

High Speed. The driver disengages the clutch as before. He pulls the gear shift lever back from the second position. He increases the speed of the engine. He looks at the speedometer.

3. Answer the questions:

1. How starter motor is mounted?

2. What can you say about an automatic disengagement?

3. How the car is started?

4. Does the driver move the gear shift lever through the neutral position?

5. The driver increases the speed of the engine at the high speed, doesn’t he?

6. What connects it with the pedal that projects through the floor of the driver's cabin?

4. Fill in missing words:

The gear on the _________is so arranged that.

A steel _______it with the pedal that projects through the floor of the driver's cabin.

The driver disengages the ______as before.

He ________the gear ________lever through the neutral position.

He ______pressure on the clutch pedal and at the ___________presses lightly on the accelerator pedal.

An automatic ___________gear is used to put it out of action when the _______is started.

Bank of words: moves, starter shaft, engine, clutch, releases, disengagement, rod connects, shift, same time,

5. True or false:

The gear on the starter shaft is so arranged that.

The starter motor is mounted on the right side of the engine.

It cannot be put into engagement with a toothed ring cut on the periphery of the flywheel.

He releases pressure on the clutch pedal and at the same time presses lightly on the brake pedal.

He moves the gear shift lever through the neutral position.

Topic “DRIVER'S CABIN. THE CHASSIS AND THE BODY. "

1. Vocabulary.

burn button - signal button

throttle lever - throttle lever

lighting switch - light switch

gear shift lever - gear change lever

head brake lever - hand brake handle

To Jet in motion - set in motion

Drive shaft - cardan shaft

According to - according

Capacity (building) - size, capacity, capacity

Steering wheel - steering wheel

Steering column - steering column

chassis - chassis

frame - frame

Spring - spring

Gear box - set of gears

Propeller shaft - propeller shaft

2. Read and translate the text.

DRIVER'S CABIN

There are many control levers in the driver's cabin. In front of the driver's seat there are the steering column and the steering wheel. In the middle of the steering wheel there is the horn button. There is also a lighting switch on the steering wheel. What pedal is this? It is the brake pedal. What pedal is to the left of it? It is the clutch pedal. Where is the accelerator pedal? It is to the right of the brake pedal. What pedal is at the foot of the steering column? It is the starter pedal. There is a gear shift lever to the right of the driver. The hand brake lever is beside it.

THE CHASSIS ASD THE BODY.

We divide the car into two capital parts: the chassis and the body. The chassis is the lower part of the car. It consists of a frame with axles, wheels and springs, and an engine which transmits the motion through, the transmission, to the wheels. The engine consists of a, cylinder block, crankcase, crankshaft and many other parts. The crankshaft sets in motion the flywheel.

Transmission consists of. the clutch the gear box, drive shafts and propeller shafts. The body is the upper part of the car. It is designed according to the capacity of the frame.

3. Answer the questions:

1. What levers are there in the driver's cabin?

2. Where is the hand brake lever?

3. Where is the steering wheel?

4. Where is the lighting switch?

5. Where is the gear shift lever?

6. Into what two capital parts we divide the car?

7. What can you say about transmission?

4. Fill in missing words:

The (chassis) is the lower part of the car.

The engine consists of a, (cylinder block), crankcase, (crankshaft) and many other parts.

It is designed according to the (size) of the frame.

It is to the (right) of the brake pedal.

Transmission (consists of) the clutch the gear box, drive shafts and (propeller shaft).

5. Translate into Russian:

1. clutch pedal
2. steering column
3. brake pedal
4. control levers
5. driver's cabin
6. chassis and the body
7. wheels and springs
8. crankshaft

in motion the flywheel.

Section 3 “Systems in the construction of a automobile”

Topic “Cooling system”

1. Vocabulary.

seat (b.) - socket

to force (bd.) - drive

hollow - hollow

water packet - water jacket

Entirely - completely, completely

As long as - bye

Tubular - tubular

Honey comb (h.) - cellular

variety (bld.) - variety

hexagonal - hexagonal

sock - drain cock

to drain off - drain, drain

Close (hd.) - crystal

Side by side - next

majority - majority

To fill - fill

Bottom - bottom

Pump - pump, pump

To rise - rise

Variety - variety, species, variety

2. Read and translate the text.

HOW THE ENGINE IS WATER-COOLED?

The majority of engines are cooled by means of water. The cylinder head, the combustion chamber and the valve seats are surrounded by hollow spaces known as water jackets. They are filled with water. These jackets are connected by pipes to the top and to the bottom of the radiator. The radiator is mounted at the front of the car. There are two circulating methods: pump and thermo-syphon. In the pump system, the pump is placed in the bottom water passage. It is driven by the engine and forces the cooled water into the jackets. It forces the heated water to the top of the radiator where it is cooled again.

In the thermo-syphon system of water cooling there is no pump. The system is based on the fact; that hot water is lighter than cold water and has a tendency to rise. So when the water in the jackets of a thermo-syphon cooled engine gets hot, it rises to the top and enters the radiator through the upper pipe. Here it is cooled and goes to the bottom of the radiator and from there back to the jackets. The circulation is entirely automatic and continues as long as there is a difference in temperature between the water inthe radiator and that in the jackets. There is a variety of designs in the structure of the radiators The two main types are tubular and honey comb type.

In the tubular type a series of flat vertical tubes connect two tanks. The honey comb type is built up of short tubes placed horizontally. Their ends are soldered together, making a labyrinth of narrow spaces between the tubes. These spaces are filled with cooled water. Tubes of various shapes are used round, square, hexagonal. A cock is placed at the lowest point of the radiator to drain off water when it is necessary. Behind the radiator a fan is provided to blow cool air on the tubes containing water. It is driven by a belt from a pulley on the crankshaft.

3. Answer the questions:

1. What are surrounded by hollow spaces known as water jackets?

2. Is there pump in the thermo-siphon system?

3. The honey comb type is built up of short tubes placed horizontally,

isn’t it?

4. Is there a variety of designs in the structure of the radiators?

5. What can you say about connecting of these jackets?

4. Fill in missing words:

These _______are connected by pipes to the top and to the _______of the radiator.

The system is based on the fact; that hot water is _______than cold water and has a ________to rise.

Here it is ______and goes to the bottom of the ________and from there back to the jackets.

In the _________ a series of flat __________tubes connect two tanks.

The radiator a fan is ________to blow cool air on the tubes containing water.

Bank of words: bottom, behind, jackets, cooled, lighter, tendency, radiator, vertical, tubular type, provided.

5. Translate into English:

1. through the top tube
2. radiator structure
3. the engine gets hot
4. cylinder head
5. narrow spaces
6. temperature difference

Topic “FUEL SYSTEM. BRAKES ”.

1. Vocabulary.

to vary - change (Xia), change (Xia)

to meet the requirements - to meet the needs, requirements

pound - pound

operating conditions - working conditions, working hours, working conditions

Close (building) - crystal

Service brakes - service brakes

Emergency brake - hand brake (parking brake)

Side by side - next

to store - store

to deliver - transmit, deliver

Intake stroke - suction stroke

Vapor - steam

Fuel - fuel

Requirement - requirement

Tank - tank

Importance - importance

Ordinary - regular

2. Read and translate the text.

FUEL SYSTEM

The fuel system is designed, to store liquid gasoline and to deliver it to the engine cylinders on the intake strokes in the form of vapor mixed with air. The fuel system must vary the proportions of air and gasoline vapor to meet the requirements of the various operations conditions. The fuel system consists of a tank in which the liquid gasoline is stored, a fuel line, or tube, through which the gasoline can be brought from the tank to the engine, a pump, which pulls the gasoline through the fuel line, and a carburetor, which mixes the gasoline with air. The carburetor is designed to mix each pound of gasoline with 9 to 15 pounds of air under various operating conditions.

BRAKES

It is not necessary to explain the importance of brakes. It is clear that without brakes the car is quite helpless. They must be well and strongly made. It is necessary to give them close and careful attention. There are two sets of brakes, one for ordinary service, called the service brakes, and theother for emergency use, called the emergency brakes. Sometimes both are mounted inside the same drum. Sometimes one is outside and the other - inside The service brake is operated by a pedal. The emergency brake is operated by a lever.

3. Answer the questions:

1. Describe the fuel system.

2. What are the functions of the carburetor?

3. Why the fuel system is used?

4. What are there are two sets of brakes?

5. Is the service brake operated by a pedal or by lever?

6. Why the car is quite helpless without brakes?

4. Fill in missing words:

1. (Fuel system) consists of a (tank) in which the (liquid) gasoline is stored, a (fuel) line, or tube, through which the gasoline can be brought from the tank to the (engine).

2. The carburetor is (created) to mix each pound of gasoline with 9 to 15 pounds of (air) under various operating conditions.

3. It is (necessary) to give them close and careful (attention).

4. Sometimes both are mounted (inside) the same drum.

5. The (parking) brake is operated by a (lever).

6. It is not necessary to (explain) the (importance) of brakes.

5. True or false:

1. The fuel system is designed, to store liquid gasoline and to deliver it to the engine cylinders on the intake strokes in the form of vapor mixed with air.
2. Sometimes both are mounted outside the same drum.
3. They must not be well and strongly made.
4. The carburetor is designed to mix each pound of gasoline with 9 to 20 pounds of air.
5. It is necessary to explain the importance of brakes.
6. The fuel system consists of a tank in which the liquid gasoline is stored, a fuel line, or tube, a pump and a carburetor.

Topic “DRIVIHG SYSTEM”

1. Vocabulary

driving system - power train

at his will - at will

cone clutches - cone clutches

disc clutches - disc clutches

former- first (of the listed)

coil spring - coil spring

multiple disc - multi-disc

single plate - single plate

a number of - row, several

driving - leading

driven - driven

to mesh - to mesh

spline - longitudinal groove

surface - surface

coil - coil

spring - spring

outer - outer

to revolve - to turn

to attach - to attach

fixed - fixed

to continue - continue

2. Read and translate the text.

DRIVIHG SYSTEM

When the motor - car has to be sat in motion first of all it is necessary to start the engine. When the engine is running you start the car. By means of a pedal, the operator at hiswill, connects or disconnects the engine with the transmission. This device is called a clutch. Clutches are divided into two main groups: cone clutches and disc clutches. In the former group two cone surfaces are used to convey the drive. The cones are normally pressed into contact with one or another by means of a single powerful coil spring. This type of clutch is old and is now used only to a limited extent. There exist two types of disc clutches: the multiple disc type, and the single plate type.

There exist two types of disc clutches: the multiple disc type and the single plate type. The, multiple clutch is composed of a number of driving and driven discs. The driving discs have teeth on their outer diameter. They mesh with the internal teeth of: the internal teeth of the flywheel, sliding and turning it. When the flywheel revolves these discs revolve with it. The driven discs have teeth on their inner diameter. They are attached to the clutch shaft by means of splines. They can slide on the shaft. They are so fixed that they must rotate when the clutch shaft revolves. The driving discs continue to revolve with the flywheel while the driven discs rotate at the same speed as the clutch shaft.

3. Answer the questions:

1. Into what groups are clutch divided?

2. What is the cone clutch?

3. What is the disc clutches?

4. Does the flywheel revolve these discs?

5. Is multiple clutches composed of a number of driving and driven discs?

6. They mesh with the internal teeth of the internal teeth of the flywheel, sliding and turning it, don’t they?

4. Fill in missing words:

1. When the motor - ___has to be sat in motion first of all it is ______to start the engine.
2. When the ________revolves these ____revolve with it.
3. This device is called a _________.
4. They are ________the clutch shaft by means of_____.
5. Clutches are ______two main groups: ____clutches and disc clutches.
6. ... The, multiple clutch ______of a number of ______and driven discs.

Bank of words: necessary, flywheel, divided into, splines, is composed, driving, attached to, car, discs, cone, clutch.

5. Translate into Russian:

1. multiple disc type
2. two main groups
3. by means of splines
4. outer diameter
5. these discs revolve
6. start the car
7. at his will
8. the single plate type.

Technical translation:

Engine

The engine is the source of energy that makes the wheels move and the car moves. It is also referred to as d combustion engines because the gas is burned inside cylinders or combustion chambers.

This combustion or combustion occurs at a high speed called "explosion". This creates a high pressure that causes the shaft to turn or rotate.

This rotational motion is transmitted to the wheels of the vehicle and the vehicle.

moves. Most automotive engines have 4 or 6 cylinders, although 8, 12 and 16 cylinders are used. d drivers.

Steam d Drivers were the first high-speed motors invented d drives. How the steam works d The driver is very simple. When the water boils, it turns into steam. The higher the steam is heated, the more pressure it has. Steam d The driver has some important parts. One of them is a steam boiler, where fire turns water into steam. The steam passes through the pipe to another important part - a steam collector with a cylinder and a piston in it.

Diesel engine

Diesel d vigatel is similar to gasoline d vigatel, but simpler. Diesel engines are usually larger and capable of doing more work. The fuel for them is diesel fuel. In diesel engines, only air enters the cylinder. It does not use spark plugs. Diesel engines can be four-stroke or two-stroke.

Diesel engines, unlike gasoline engines, use cheaper fuel and produce more energy for every gallon of fuel burned. Moreover, they are more durable to use. In newer trains and ships, diesel engines run large generators that generate electricity. Electric power starts the motors, which are connected to the wheels of trains and the propellers of ships.

Diesel engines are internal combustion engines. The fuel is atomized and the engine does not require a special ignition device.

In four-stroke diesel engines, air is drawn into the cylinder during loading. This air is compressed in the return stroke at very high pressure. Combustion heats up the air to a high temperature.

What is an internal combustion engine?

A gasoline engine is a type of mechanism in which energy is produced inside the cylinders. The engine is powered by the combustion of a mixture of gasoline and air.

Combustion takes place over the pistons. The removable head is attached to the cylinder block. This, including the cylinder block, creates the combustion chamber. When fuel is burned inside the cylinders, the expansion of the gas creates the movement of the piston. This type of engine is called an internal combustion engine.

In any type of internal combustion engine, a portion of the fuel enters the cylinder.

An internal combustion engine converts heat into mechanical energy by burning a mixture of fuel and air inside a cylinder or cylinders. The internal combustion engine consists of: 1. Cylinder (there may be several of them). 2. A piston that moves up and down inside the cylinder. 3. The crankshaft is connected to the piston by a connecting rod. The connecting rod moves the piston up or down as the crankshaft rotates.

Electric starter.

The electric starter is located on the left side of the engine. This small device is protected from dirt and moisture from the engine. The starter shaft gear is positioned to engage the flywheel ring gear. Starter operation is only required for a few seconds. An automatically shut off gear is used to shut off its action when the engine is already running.

Low speed (first). The driver releases the handbrake and depresses the clutch pedal. Then he moves the gear lever left and back. This is a low speed position. He releases the clutch and simultaneously presses the gas pedal lightly. The car is now moving. He turns on the second speed.

Second speed. The driver releases the pressure on the gas pedal and presses the clutch again. It moves the gear lever to neutral. He then returns the clutch pedal to its normal position and depresses the gas pedal. That's all. It reaches high speed.

How is the engine water-cooled?

Most engines are water cooled. The cylinder head, combustion chamber and valves are surrounded by water jackets. They are filled with water. These jackets are connected by pipes to the top and bottom of the radiator. The radiator is located at the front of the vehicle. There are two ways to circulate: pump and thermosiphon. In a pump system, the pump is located at the bottom of the water passage. It is powered by an engine and pushes cold water into the shirts. It also drives hot water to the top of the radiator, where cooling takes place.

In a thermal siphon system, the water is cooled without a pump. This system is based on the fact that hot water is lighter than cold water and can rise. Thus, when the water in the thermal siphon jackets cools, the engine heats up and the water rises to the top and enters the radiator through the top pipe. Here it cools and flows to the bottom of the radiator and from there back to the shirts. The circulation is fully automatic and lasts as long as there is a temperature difference between the water in the radiator and in the jackets.

Carburetor and brakes.

The first reason for the appearance of power is the combustion of a mixture of gasoline and air in an internal combustion engine. The carburetor provides the mixture that is sucked into the cylinder by the intake valve on the intake stroke. The carburetor is located on one side of the cylinder block. It is connected to the combustion chamber via an intake manifold and an intake valve. The carburetor takes gasoline and air, sprays gasoline into the smallest particles, mixes them with air, thus creating a mixture. So the first function of the carburetor is to convert liquid gasoline into fuel that will burn. The second function is to regulate the fuel flow.

There is no need to explain the importance of brakes. It is clear that without brakes, the car is completely helpless. They must be reliable and well made. You need to pay close attention to them. There are two types of brakes: normal (service) and hand (parking) brakes. Sometimes they are both mounted inside the same drum. Sometimes one is mounted outside and the other inside. The service brake is operated with a pedal. The handbrake is activated by a lever.

Chassis and body.

We divide the car into two main parts: the chassis and the body.

The chassis is the underside of the vehicle. It consists of a frame and axles, wheels and springs, an engine that transfers motion to the wheels using a transmission. The engine consists of a cylinder block, crankcase, crankshaft and many other parts.

The transmission consists of a clutch, gearbox and propeller shaft. The body is the upper part of the vehicle. It is created according to the size of the frame.

The rear axle is a simple design. It is the most important part of the transmission. Since it transmits energy to the rear wheels and is connected to the propeller shaft by the propeller shaft. The rear axle consists of: 1. The axle casing is carrying the car. 2. Axle shaft that drives the wheels. 3. Ring gear with which the movement of the propeller shaft is transmitted to the right and left. 4. A differential that allows one wheel to turn faster than the other. On the inside of each axle shaft there is a driven gear

Power transmission.

When it is necessary to set the vehicle in motion, the first step is to start the engine. With the engine running, you are driving the vehicle. With the help of a pedal, the driver can connect and disconnect the transmission at will. This device is called a clutch. The clutch is divided into two main groups: cone and disc clutches. The former use two tapered surfaces to transmit force. The cones are usually pressed into contact with each other using a single powerful coil spring. This type of clutch is obsolete and is now only used to a limited extent. There are two types of disc clutches: multi-disc and single-disc.

A multi-plate clutch consists of a series of driven and driven discs. The drive discs have teeth on the outer diameter. They engage with the inner teeth of the flywheel, sliding and turning. When the flywheel rotates, these discs rotate with it.

Piston and piston ring functions.

The engine can have 4, 6 or more cylinders in which the mixture is burned. There is a piston inside each cylinder. To prevent friction between the moving part of the piston and the cylinder walls, the pistons are loosely positioned in the cylinder and thus cannot completely retain the mixture in the combustion chamber. Each piston is equipped with spiral piston rings located in the piston grooves.

These rings are used to prevent the mixture from the piston from entering the cylinder walls. They create compression in the cylinder and prevent mixture penetration. After use, the rings must be removed for inspection and cleaning. They protect the piston from wear caused by rapid movement. It is easier to replace cheap piston rings than a piston.

What is the test tube used for?

Each radiator contains a small tube that runs from the inner filler to the base of the radiator. This is called the control tube. Its main purpose is to remove steam when the radiator warms up. Some vehicles have an indicator on the instrument panel that shows the temperature of the water in the cooling system.

Used Books:

The main

1.A.V. Gninenko. Modern car. How do we see it? English for students of automotive, road and mechanical engineering specialties - Moscow, 2005

2. T.Yu. Polyakova "English for Engineers" - Moscow, 2004

3. Internet network

Additional

1. P.I. Kovalenko "English for Technical Universities" - Rostov-on-Don, 2002

2.Pod. ed. Chernukhina A.E. English-Russian Polytechnic Dictionary - Moscow, 2000

3. Modern English - Russian dictionary - Moscow, 2006

Application.

If you are abroad, then you may need to rent a car and service it, faced with the need to speak English. In this section, we will teach you “machine” English.

If you need to rent a car, you can do it directly at the airport at the office of the rental agency, for example Hertz, National, Avis, Enterprise etc. This can also be done from the hotel by contacting the reception. In this case, the administrator will order a car for you, and it will be brought to the hotel.

Car brands are usually not discussed. The price is influenced only by class- Class. Car classes are named like this: Economy- Economy, Compact- Compact, Intermediate- Average, Standard- Standard, Full- Full, Premium- Premium, Luxury- Suite, Minivan- Minivan, SUV(Sport Utility Vehicle) - SUV

Below are the automotive-related words and phrases you will need to explore dialogues in this lesson and during the journey.

Play words

auto service (car service, garage, repair shop) - car service
car- a car
car rent- car rental
convertible- convertible
minivan- minivan
pick-up- pickup
sedan- sedan
sports car- sport car
truck- big jeep
engine- engine
driver's license- driver's license
gas- gasoline
gas station- Gas station
parking lot- parking
pump- speaker
Road Service (Road Assistance) - roadside assistance
toll-road- toll road
transmission- Transmission
washer fluid- windscreen washer fluid
windshield wipers- wipers

Examine the dialogue that might take place at the rental agency.

Play Renting a Сar at the Airport

- Hello. How’re you?- Hello! How are you doing?
- Good, thanks. How may I help you?- Thank you, OK. How may I help you?
- I'd like to rent a car.- I would like to rent a car.
- Certainly. What class do you have in mind?- Of course. What class would you like?
- Premium.- Premium.
- OK, it would be an Audi A5. For how long would you like to rent a car?- Good. It will be the Audi A5. How long would you like to rent a car for?
- My return flight is in three days.- My return flight will be in three days.
- OK. The rate is 45 dollars per day. That makes it 135 dollars. Keep in mind that our check-out time is 2 pm. So, if your flight is later that day, you would need either come to the airport a few hours earlier or pay for the late return. What would you prefer? - Good. The rate is $ 45 per day. This will total $ 135. Keep in mind that you will need to drop off your vehicle at 2pm. Therefore, if your flight is later, you will have to arrive at the airport a few hours earlier or pay for a late return of the car. What do you prefer?
- My flight is 10.30 pm. I don’t want to spend the whole day at the airport. I'd rather pay more.- My flight is at ten thirty in the evening. I don't want to spend all day at the airport. I'd rather pay more.
- OK. May I have your driver's license, please?- Good. May I have your rights, please?
- Here it is.- Here, take it.
- Everything looks fine. May I have your credit card, please?- Everything is fine. Can I have your credit card, please?
- Sure. Where do I pick up the car?- Of course. Where can I pick up the car?
- The shuttle stops outside Exit B. It’ll bring you to the HERTZ lot; you will give this booking ticket to the attendant and he will bring you your car.- The bus will stop
near exit B. He will take you to the Hertz parking lot. You will give your booking receipt to a member of staff and they will deliver your vehicle.
- What if I have a problem with the car?- What if I have a problem with the car?
- Our company provides a 24-hour Emergency Road Service. Just call this toll-free number from anywhere in the country and a representative will make arrangements for the Road Service team to be on your way as soon as possible. - Our company provides 24/7 road support. You can simply call this toll-free number from anywhere in the country and a representative will arrange assistance as quickly as possible.
- Thank you very much.- Thanks a lot.

A comment
1. check-out time- the time when it is necessary to check out from the hotel or, in this case, to return the car; the expression is applicable in various situations.
2. return flight- return flight
3. late return- late return (car)
4. I'd rather do something ...- Rather (better) I will do something ...
5. toll-free- free; toll- collection, payment, for example: toll road- toll road
6. make arrangements- organize something, agree on something

If something happens to the car you have rented, you contact your rental agency. Below is a list of some of the problems that may arise during vehicle operation.

Play Problems

I have a flat tire.- I have a puncture in the wheel.
There’s something wrong with the battery. I can't start the car.- There is a problem with the battery. I can't start the car.
The engine is not running well.- The engine does not work well.
The windshield wiper is broken.- The janitor has broken.
There's a harsh grinding when I put the transmission into reverse.- There is a loud grinding noise when I put in reverse gear.
My transmission is shot.- The box flew.
The brakes are not working.- The brakes do not work.
I need an oil change.- It is necessary to change the oil.

Play Problems with the Car

- Hi! My name is Todd Harris. I'm renting a car from you and I have a problem with it.- Hello! My name is Todd Harris. I rented a car from you and now I have a problem.
- Hello! Could I please have your booking number? It's in the top right corner of your Rental Agreement.- Hello. May I have your reservation number? It's in the upper right corner of your lease.
- The number is 435С.- Number 435C.
- Good. While I open your file, please describe what the problem is?
- I have a flat tire.- I have a puncture in the wheel.
- I see. Are you OK, sir? Were you able to pull to the side of the road?- It's clear. Are you okay sir? Did you get to the side of the road?
- There’s nothing wrong with me, I’m OK. I just need to continue my trip.- Everything is fine with me. I just need to keep going.
- Not a problem. Stay where you are. We’ll locate you and our Road Service Team will be there in thirty minutes. They will chahge the tire.- No problem. Stay where you are. We'll locate your location and our roadside support team will arrive in thirty minutes. They will replace the wheel.
- Thank you very much. I appreciate your help.- Thanks a lot. Appreciate your help.

A comment
1. nature of the problem- literally: the nature of the problem; we translate: the nature of the problem, what is the problem, what is the problem
2. flat tire- literally: flat tire; translate: puncture in the wheel

Play Problem with the Windshield Wiper

- Hi! My name is Karen Davis. I'm renting a car from you and I have a problem with it.- Hello! My name is Karen Davis. I rented a car from you and I have a problem with it.
- The number is 8446S.- Number 8446S.
- OK. While I’m opening your file would you please describe the nature of the problem? - Good. While I am opening your file, can you please describe what the problem is?
- Well, one of the windshield wipers is damaged to the point it's not moving and it's raining outside.- One of the wipers is damaged to such a state that it does not move, and it is raining outside.

- I'm at my hotel.- I'm at my hotel.
- Would you please give me the name and address of the hotel?- Please give the name and address of the hotel.
- I'm staying at the Hyatt, at 75 Eastwood Road, LA.“I'm at the Hyatt, 75 Eastwood Road, Los Angeles.
- OK. This is what you need to do. Find Quick Repairs Auto Service at 23 Benton St. It's two miles north of your hotel. They’ll take care of you. You don’t pay anything, but don’t forget to ask for an invoice; you will give it to the clerk when you return the car. - Good. You need to do the following. Find the Quick Repairs at 20. Benton Street. It is two miles north of your hotel. They will fix the breakdown. You don't have to pay anything, just remember to ask for a receipt; you will give it to our employee when you return the car.
- Thank you very much.- Thanks a lot.

A comment
1. damaged to the point it's not moving- literally: damaged to such a point that it does not move; translation is carried out according to the context, for example: damaged to such a state that it does not move
2. at the Hayatt- in "Hayat"; note that the name of the chain hotel is used with the article the.
3. at 75 Eastwood Road; Note that in English, the house or building number is placed before the street name, but the street name is used without the article.
4. They’ll take care of you.- literally: They will take care of you; means: They will fix (fix) the breakdown.
5. invoice- a receipt for payment of something

Play Problem with the Transmission

- Hi! My name is Lauren Black. I'm renting a car from you and I have a problem with it.- Hello! My name is Lauren Black. I rented a car from you, and now I have a problem with it.
- Hello. Could I please have your booking number? It's in the top right corner of your Rental Agreement.- Hello! May I have your booking number? It's in the top right corner of your lease.
- The number is 760K.- Number 760K.
- OK. While I’m opening your file, would you please describe the nature of the problem?- Good. While I am opening your file, can you please describe what the problem is?
- Well, there’s a harsh grinding when I put the transmission into reverse.- When I shift into reverse gear, there is a sharp grinding in the box.
- Do you know how it’s happened?- Do you know how it happened?
- No idea. I noticed it just now.- I have no idea. I just noticed it.
- OK, ma'am. Where are you right now?- Okay, ma'am. Where are you now?
- I'm at the St. Mitchel Hotel, at 162 Alcazar Avenue, Coral Gables, Florida.“I am at the Saint Mitchell Hotel, 162 Alcazar Avenue, Coral Gables, Florida.
- OK. This is what you do now. You need to find Mr. Joe's garage at 45 Melrose St. Take Alcazar Avenue and drive straight three blocks. Then take a right. Mr. Joe's garage will be on the right side. - Good. You need to do the following. Find the Mr. Joe Car Service at 45 Melrose Street. You need to drive straight along Alkazar Avenue for three blocks. Then turn right. The Mr. Joe Car Service will be on the right hand side.
- Will I have to pay for the repairs?- Do I have to pay for repairs?
- No. You don’t pay anything, but keep the invoice; you will give it to the clerk when you return the car.- No. You don't have to pay anything, but keep your receipt; you will give it to our employee when you return the car.
- Thank you.- Thanks.

If you need to refuel, then you go to gas station- a gas station to gas a car (get gas) - refuel. At a gas station you drive up to pump- column and select the type of gasoline: unleaded regular, unleaded plus (clean), premium gas (super clean). There is still diesel fuel - diesel[ˈDiːzəl].

A motor vehicle designed for the carriage of passengers and having no more than 8 seats, excluding the driver's seat. Subdivided into types depending on the type of body and engine displacement ... Source: Methodical ... ... Official terminology

A car- Saab 9000 typical passenger car A passenger car designed to carry passengers and luggage, with a capacity of 2 to 8 people. With more seats for passengers, the car is considered ... Wikipedia

a car- 2.2 passenger car: A car, excluding motorcycles, designed to carry a maximum of nine persons. A source … Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

A car- a car designed for the carriage of passengers and luggage, with a capacity of 2 to 8 people (including the driver). The most widespread are 4 5 local L. and. with closed bodies. In the USSR L. and. classified by ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

A CAR- a car intended. for the carriage of passengers (from 2 to 8, including the driver) and luggage. In the USSR, depending on the working volume of the engine and the dry mass of the car, there are 5 classes of L. and., In each of them there are 2 groups: an especially small class up to 1.2 ... Big Encyclopedic Polytechnic Dictionary

A car- a car designed to carry passengers and luggage ... Automotive Dictionary

a car- a passenger or utility vehicle with two to eight passenger seats. Light trucks are also equated with passenger cars, having a maximum permissible weight of up to 3.5 tons (weight of a car with a load, a driver and ... ... Encyclopedia of technology

LUNG- [hk], passenger car, passenger car. Easy to move around, not for carrying heavy loads. Light droshky. A car. ❖ Carriage cab for passengers, ant. dray. Ushakov's explanatory dictionary. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

AUTOMOBILE- (Greek autos itself and Latin mobilis moving). Crew driven by some kind of internal mechanical engine. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov AN, 1910. AUTOMOBILE crew moving without participation ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

automobile- car, car, auto, wheels, wheel, wheelbarrow, piece of iron, iron, little car, suitcase, tires, iron horse, tin, motor, (iron, four-wheeled) friend, (auto) chassis, member carrier, van, convertible Dictionary of Russian synonyms ... automobile… … Synonym dictionary

Books

• A car. Textbook for students of institutions of secondary vocational education, Rodichev Vyacheslav Alexandrovich. The textbook describes the basic structure and operation diagrams of mechanisms and systems of domestic passenger cars. The basics of maintenance and recommendations for elimination are given ... Buy for 989 UAH (only Ukraine)
• Passenger car, V. A. Rodichev. The distinctive features of the basic structure and operation of mechanisms and systems of domestic passenger cars in comparison with trucks are stated. The basics of maintenance are given and ...

Every day I see two or three people flying by without looking back at the red light of a traffic light, as if it did not exist at all. I'm not a preacher, but I can tell you this: the life that people lead makes them crazy, and this madness manifests itself in the manner of driving. - Charles Bukowski

Beauty is indeed power, but only if you know how to use it. It's like having a Ferrari: if you don't really know how to drive, you don't need it. - Monica Bellucci

I think this post is more masculine. It contains gasoline, tires and is flavored with engine oil.

For me, cars and cars are always a dark forest. I don't know much about brands or devices. And from time to time I confuse their names. Once upon a time I played Need For Speed. It was a happy race, and I always won them with a Lamborghini. =)

So, let's analyze the words.

Trunk - trunk

Whee l- wheel

Door - a door

Hubcap - wheel cap

Brakelight - signal lamp of the included parking brake (How!)

Bumper- bumper

License plate- numbers

Tire- bus

Tread - rubbing surface (wheels)

Shockabsorber - shock absorber

Rearviewmirror - rearview mirror with day / night switching

Windshield / windscreen -anteriorwindglass

Windshield wiper - wiper

Hood- engine hood

Blinker - turn indicator

Headlight -headlights

Seat - seat

Seatbelt - belt

Engine - engine

Motor - motor

Exhaust pipe - exhaust pipe

muffler - "like a muffin" Silencer.

Jack - jack

Floor mat - carpet on the floor of the car

Gas can - gas canister

Jumper cables - large section electric wires

Spark plug - spark plug

Battery - battery

Motor oil - machine oil

Dip stick - oil gauge ruler

Funnel - fuel

Steering wheel - steering wheel

Horn - car siren

Honk - car horn

Speedometer - speedometer

Fuel gauge - fuel meter

Stick shift / gear shift - manual transmission

Pedals - pedals

Clutch - clutch

Brake - brake pedal

Accelerator - acceleration pedal

Phrases and expressions you will need when renting a car.

It is very convenient to rent a car while traveling. You can call and book a car or rent it on the spot.

If you're at the airport, you might ask, "Where is the rental car booth?" Or "Where can I rent a car?" (Where can I book a car?)

Once you have arrived, ask if there are cars available. It usually goes like this:

« Hi. I would like to rent a car. " Hello, I want to rent a car
« Do you have any cars available? " Do you have cars in stock?

You may be asked, "Did you make a reservation?" (Did you book in advance?) If the cars are out of stock, they might say “ I'm sorry, we do not have any cars available today. ”(Sorry, we don't have cars in stock today). Then look further, by the way, there are many car rental agencies in the airports. Unless of course the peak season, you can call and book a car.

The agency may ask you:
"What size car would you like?" - What size do you prefer?
« What type of car would you like? " What type of car do you want?
"What type of car do you need?" What kind of car do you need?

"What sizes do you have?" What sizes do you have in stock?
« What are my options? " What choice do I have?

« We have compact, midsize, full size, luxury, SUV, and a minivan.«

We have compact, mid-size, full-size, luxury, SUVs and minivans.

"How much is the full size car?" How much does a big car cost?
"How much is the midsize car?" How much does a medium-sized car cost?

« How many does thefull size car seat? " How many seats (how much space) are there in a big car?
« How many can fit in the midsize car? " How much will fit in an average car?

“I'll take a midsize car. "I'll take the average

Consider 2 dialogs.

We rent a car.

Jack: Welcome to Cyprus Ride. Can I help you?

Miss Cara: I need to rent a car.

Jack: Do you know our website? Maybe, you have reserved the car there?

Miss Cara: No, I learned about my trip just 2 days ago

Jack: That`s okay. Let us see, what cars are available. What size do you prefer?

Miss Cara: Not big

Jack: We have several economy- sized two- door coupes available and a few sedans. How long wil you need a car?

Miss Cara: For four days

Jack: How much driving do you plan to do?

Miss Cara: Why do you ask about it?

Jack: You can choose our unlimited milage plan for 5 days. It costs 100 dollars

Miss Cara: No, Just from my office to the mountains

Jack: Ok, then 10 dollars a day. Do you have a valid driving license?

Miss Cara: Yes, I do.

Jack: Ok. Would you like to purchase our insurance plan for an extra 15 per day? It`ll cover any damages to the car.

Miss Cara: No, thank you.

Jack: Ok. Bye for now

Miss Cara: Bye.

need to rent - need to book

have reserved - reserved

learned - learned

available - in stock

prefer - prefer

coupes - compartment

sedan - sedan

unlimited mileage plan - unlimited mileage

valid driving license - valid driving license

purchase our insuarance plan - buy insurance plan

damages - damage, losses.

At the gas station.

GAS STATION ATTENDANT: What can I do for you?

YOU: Fill it up, please ... Hey, how far is Philadelphia from here?

GAS STATION ATTENDANT: It's about 100 miles from here.

YOU: What's the best way to get there?

GAS STATION ATTENDANT: Take the 95. That will take you all the way to Philadelphia.

YOU: Thanks. Is the 95 a toll highway?

GAS STATION ATTENDANT: No, it's free. Would you like me to clean your windshield?

YOU: Yes, please ... And could you check my oil as well?

GAS STATION ATTENDANT: All right ... All done. That’ll be $ 46.75.

YOU: Here you go.Keep the change

fill it up please - fill with petrol please

best way to get - best way to get

toll highway - toll track

check my oil - check my oil

keep the change - Keep the change.

Idioms and Expressions.

Car boot sale. Sale “from the trunk.” (Car owners bring food to the park, to the sports ground and sell them directly from the car).

Car pool. association of owners of passenger cars for the joint alternate use of them. Not so popular in Russia Advantage

• Savings on fuel, repairs, parking and fees.
• Reducing traffic congestion when uniting fellow car enthusiasts in one car.
• Reduced emissions of harmful gases, which can reduce global warming.
• Passengers avoid the stress and strain of driving. Alternating day by day, carpool members can take turns taking on the driver role.

Drive bananas / nuts. Madden. In both good and bad ways =).

Have a great day