Homemade tractor: do-it-yourself mini tractor from Izha for the village. Do-it-yourself minitractor with an engine from a walk-behind tractor New home-made minitractors detailed description

03.01.2022

When running a private economy, one simply cannot do without a tractor, although with the smallest dimensions.

Especially if someone permanently lives outside the city. It is the miniature varieties of technology that will be the best solution for this task. You can purchase equipment from a well-known manufacturer, but the option of creating home-made mini tractors for the household with your own hands is easier. This will save you money.

Which option is best for a homemade mini tractor

A machine with a broken frame is recognized by many as the best option. This unit has only two parts:

rear
Front.

The clutch is carried out using a special hinge mechanism. All control mechanisms are located in front. The same goes for the running gear. The steering wheel and hydraulic cylinders become the main structures involved in the management. On the hinge, the design bends perfectly.

Because of this, the mutual arrangement of both parts of the tractor changes. Such a device will save on the purchase of parts, without which installation is impossible.

Compared to the front, the rear of such a combine has a simpler device. One of the main details is the rear axle. It is fixed with their own hands in the lodgements, on the side members at the axle shaft.

This design is then used to install the driver's seat. There is also a fixture for attaching mounted types of equipment.

The axle shafts themselves, together with the differential, can be taken from loaders, even if they have already been in use. It is also possible to create a suspension for the rear, but this decision will not always be justified. A little pressure in the wheels is enough to create depreciation.

Such a tractor for the household is distinguished not only by its simple design, but also by other advantages:

Low assembly cost of units. You can use structural elements with a much more affordable price than what is assembled in the factory.
Low fuel consumption. The indicator is determined by the design features of each particular model, but more often it remains low.
The ability to turn around even if the area is minimal. The broken frame design contributes to the minimum turning radius. In almost one place, the equipment can turn 360 degrees. When plowing the land, this property will bring especially many benefits.
High production capacity.

We assemble a small tractor from a walk-behind tractor

A homemade mini tractor 4 by 2 centimeters can already cope with most of the necessary functions. It will be enough to prepare such details as:

The driver's seat is small.
Signal lights.
hubs.
Traction.
Wheels.
Frame. It is constructed from metal corners or profile pipes.

A simple hydraulic hinged mechanism is enough to ensure the smooth operation of the equipment. It allows you to add attachments. Which is selected depending on the implementation of certain types of work.

When the parts themselves are ready, you can proceed to the direct assembly process with your own hands. Of the additional tools, you will need a device for welding along with an electric drill, a wrench and a hammer. The assembly process will take no more than a few days.

What other details can be used in the work

You can use parts from old cars if they are no longer needed. It does not matter if we are talking about domestic or foreign manufacturers.

The design can be equipped with a large number of attachments, trailers. It is for this reason that walk-behind tractors are considered universal helpers in the household. It can be used for any work related to the cultivation of the earth.

It is possible to operate the tractor together with a cart, which has only one axle. Then it will be possible to transport various materials, including sand or soil, construction and other small-sized waste. The driver sits on a seat with springs, in front of the bogie.

Homemade tractors of this type have the following details:

Trailer mechanism.
Devices with which control is exercised.
The mechanism in the running gear.
A device that controls power.
Transmission.
Electric motor available in the VP-150M series.

Almost all elements are placed on a square-shaped frame with their own hands. The frame itself can be built using a channel. Electric motors from scooters of domestic manufacturers will be the best options for walk-behind tractors. It is permissible to use analogues with a power of up to 5.5 kW. The main thing is that the device itself should be single-cylinder.

Such models have a built-in gearbox, which is installed in advance. A mandatory element of the design is the clutch along with the ignition of the electronic type. A centrifugal fan completes the overall picture. Motors without this device require constant manual cooling.

About drawings

At the first stage, you need to carefully think about what design the tractor will have. The circuit of the coupling of parts also does not allow errors. Therefore, drawings drawn up in accordance with all the rules become the basis of the foundations.

It is better to use third-party sources to find suitable options. But only if the reliability of the information is not in doubt.

All elements must be arranged so that they can qualitatively interact with each other. The driver's seat, together with the main components, is applied with your own hands to the drawings, first of all. The help of a locksmith will not be superfluous if someone doubts their skills.

There are three groups of spare parts that require increased attention: gearbox, chassis and engine. It is best to shoot them all with the same type of equipment. Then there will be no need for adjustment.

Transmission and engine: the right choice

The owner seems to have little choice. It is required to find what is best suited according to the available characteristics. There are two types of engine that will be the best solution, in terms of economic indicators and performance:

UD-2.
UD-4.

But it is permissible to use any engine that has one cylinder. The maximum allowable number of them in the design is two. If you can find the M67 option, then it is recommended to use it. The main characteristic is a long service life, although maintenance and repair costs remain minimal. This is one of the answers to the question of how to make mini equipment for household maintenance.

Your engine must be upgraded before starting the installation. This is necessary to increase gear ratios, create a competent cooling system. After all, initially it is absent. Cooling is carried out by means of a fan, which is mounted on the crankshaft, and is supplied with a connected casing that directs the air flow.

Motors from old Muscovites with Zhiguli can also become power units for such devices. If the engines are removed from the vehicles, then the gearbox with the transmission is removed at the same time. Then you do not have to look for suitable parts, make adjustments.

Wheels must be selected depending on the purpose for which the transport is used. 16-inch wheels are suitable for those who plan to carry cargo, carry out dragging and so on. But more massive structures, up to 18-24 inches, do better with field work. These characteristics improve traction.

In conclusion: some installation features

The supply of hydraulic cylinders is mandatory for the control system supplied with the minitractor. In this case, the vehicle will not cause trouble during operation. Maximum attention also requires the regulation of such an indicator as the gear ratio. It is recommended to set it with low speed. Otherwise, the tractor may develop too high speed.

For all wheels use a rigid, independent suspension. It is better to provide for the possibility of rotation for the frame, at least within 15 degrees. Then, when passing through a difficult part, the wheels will not sag, either in front or behind. For this, a swivel from an UAZ can be introduced into a breaking system. It is installed in front of the semi-frame. The limiter will help protect against unnecessary coups.

We get a car with maximum practicality. Able to solve any problems that arise in the conduct of the household. It will be useful to be able to hook additional devices.

The presence of a piece of land imposes on its owner the obligation to provide care for it. And one of the urgent tasks that must be solved is tillage. Manually, such work can be done if the area of \u200b\u200bthe site is not more than 10 acres, and even then this is already problematic.

For a large area you can use a homemade mini-tractor, which is ideal. At the same time, it is not necessary to purchase a mini-tractor from official distributors or at the factory, because such equipment can be assembled with your own hands, it is enough to have at least minimal knowledge in technology.

If we compare home-made cars with factory ones in terms of technical characteristics, then the superiority will be on the side of the latter. However, it is still wrong to use new equipment for cultivating small plots of land. Moreover, this is due not only to the high costs associated with the maintenance and purchase of fuels and lubricants. Such a technique can cause serious damage to the soil structure. Therefore, a homemade mini-tractor is a much more preferable alternative. Next, we will talk about how to assemble a mini-tractor at home.

Advantages and disadvantages of homemade mini tractors

If you need equipment for processing the land, then do not immediately discard the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a mini-tractor with your own hands. Besides the fact that you can save a lot of money, you will have the opportunity to make a machine that can demonstrate much more functionality than tractors that have more power. A homemade mini-tractor can be a faithful assistant for you, which can be used for plowing vegetable gardens and laying orchards, as well as cultivating acreage, transporting small loads and harvesting.

A the cost of manufacturing such equipment is so small that one season of its operation is enough to reimburse all costs. The fact is that for the manufacture of such a tractor, components and mechanisms are suitable that can be borrowed from broken equipment or bought at bargain prices. Some owners often show resourcefulness in this matter, and, taking other equipment as a basis, make certain changes to it, as a result of which they have a home-made mini-tractor. Naturally, in this case, you will have to perform even fewer operations in order to assemble a mini-tractor.

Truth, there are some drawbacks that need to be mentioned. To make a mini tractor, you will need certain parts that may not be so easy to find. Difficulties can also be encountered when certain mechanisms fail, and it is not known whether they will be able to find an equivalent replacement. It must be remembered that for the assembly of such equipment, components and mechanisms are used, borrowed from long-out-of-print equipment. Therefore, it is possible that certain details will not be found.

An important step in the manufacture of a homemade mini-tractor is drawing up a drawing. To do everything right, you can not do without technical skills and knowledge. You also need to take into account that the mini-tractor will be used with attachments and trailed equipment, and therefore the owner will have to calculate the engine tractive effort.

Drafting

Usually, when a person has a desire to assemble any home-made equipment, then it all starts with an idea. Some people can do without a paper work plan, relying on their own technical knowledge. However, not everyone is such a master, so it would be better if you start the process of assembling a homemade mini-tractor by preparing a drawing of the main components.

If you find it difficult to solve this problem, you can turn to friends if they have already had to do something similar. As a last resort, you can use the Internet and try to find the necessary information there.

After you get the finished drawing, you can easily assemble a mini tractor. It will be no more difficult than playing a children's constructor. Schematically, the work will look like this: you will need to take part A and connect it to part B.

Keep in mind that certain components and mechanisms will have to be pre-prepared before assembling the tractor. Keeping in mind that you borrowed them from another technique, most likely their sizes and other characteristics will differ from those required. But, having a ready-made drawing in your hands, you can easily modify all the mechanisms, because you will clearly know what they should be.

In the process of drawing up the drawing, it is important to decide what design the mini-tractor should have. Quite often, farmers choose the 4 x 4 break option.

This is a variant of the tractor, which uses an articulated frame, supplemented by a 4-wheel drive. Such a technique will be an excellent option for processing farms.

How to assemble a mini-tractor with your own hands?

After the drawing is drawn up, you can start preparing the necessary details. You must have the following:

Not every owner will find the above details in his household. Therefore, be prepared for the fact that you will have to go over the flea markets, as well as look at sites for the sale of spare parts. Surely on one of them you will find the parts you need at bargain prices.

Frame

To make a fracture most often use a metal channel No. 5 or No. 9. This material is best suited because it has the necessary margin of bending strength. On the basis of the channel, you will have to make two half-frames by welding. After that, they are connected to each other with the help of hinges. As a fastener, you can use the cardan shaft of the truck.

Might not be a good fit for some people. In this case, an all-metal frame may be an alternative. As part of this design, there are the following elements: the right and left side member and the front and rear traverses.

To create spars, you can take channel number 10. And to make the back and front traverses, you can use channels No. 16 and No. 12. The transverse beam can be made of a metal bar.

Engine

On a homemade mini tractor you can install any engine, the main thing is that it has the necessary power. In order for home-made equipment to be able to cope with all tasks, it is best to equip it with a 40-hp power unit. With.

In most cases, the following types of motors are used for homemade mini tractors:

Also, instead of them, you can borrow an engine from domestic passenger cars of the Zhiguli or Moskvich brand.

In that case, if you decide to stick with the 4x4 option, then you will have to modify the M-67 motor: you need to increase the transmission ratio. If this is not done, then the power of the power unit will not be sufficient for the equipment to be able to move. Also make sure that the motor is equipped with an additional cooling system.

Transmission

As a gearbox and power take-off shaft, you can borrow the necessary mechanisms from the GAZ-53 car. The clutch can be taken from the GAZ-52. Keep in mind that these nodes will need to be finalized.

One of the tasks that you need to solve at this stage is to ensure that the clutch is synchronized with the engine. For this new clutch basket being welded, after which it is finalized, giving the necessary dimensions. Certain manipulations will have to be performed with the engine flywheel, in which it is necessary to shorten the rear plane, and also create a hole in the center. If your household has a lathe, then you can easily perform these operations.

Steering

Considering that this mechanism is intended for use on a mini-tractor, it has hydraulic cylinders must be present. In this case, your homemade technique will be more manageable. Keep in mind that the hydraulic system is a complex mechanism, so you cannot make it yourself at home. Therefore, you will need to find suitable agricultural equipment and borrow the hydraulic system available there. For the hydraulics to work properly, oil must flow into it, and therefore you need to get a pump as well.

rear axle

This you can borrow the mechanism from a car or truck, then put on your homemade mini tractor. However, before you have to modify it: you need to reduce the axle shafts with a lathe.

In the event that you do not find a ready-made bridge, you can assemble it from different machines. Keep in mind that the rear axle will play the role of the leader. Therefore, any available mechanism can be used for the front, as long as it matches the desired dimensions.

wheels

looking for wheels for a minitractor, consider their radius which should correspond to the purposes of using the technology.

If you are going to carry loads with this machine, it is best to choose discs with a radius of 13 to 16 inches.
If you need a mini-tractor to perform agricultural work, then it is recommended to install wheels of 18–24 radius on it.

Conclusion

Private farms face many challenges every year associated with the care of the land. In order to spend less time and effort on such work, special equipment is needed. Buying a factory tractor is not affordable for everyone, so many are considering the option of making a homemade mini-tractor with their own hands. It is not so difficult to make such a machine, since it uses components and mechanisms from other types of equipment. However, in order for the assembled machine to be in working order, you first need to draw up a drawing and stick to it throughout the entire assembly process.

This article will describe the process of making a home-made mini tractor with your own hands (a video is provided at the end of the article), talk about the types of this agricultural technology, the benefits of use.

The area of agricultural activity for many of us has associations with the cultivation of the soil cover. But in order to grow any vegetables, fruits, berries, it is necessary not only to plow the land and fertilize it, but also to constantly water and get rid of weeds. A mini tractor will be an excellent assistant in solving such problems. This agricultural technique greatly simplifies the work.

Although the minitractor is small in size, it successfully copes with the tasks set: plowing the soil cover, loosening it, mowing grassy vegetation and various other works that are associated with cultivating the land for planting various plants.

Large enterprises that are engaged in agricultural activities use mini tractors of domestic production. How to be an ordinary farmer? Due to limited funds, private farmers can use homemade agricultural machinery.

Kinds

In total, there are three types of this agricultural technology:

A technique that has many functions, capable of performing a variety of jobs, for example, cultivating the land, mowing grassy vegetation, getting rid of garbage, and the like. These mini tractors are equipped with an average power motor - this will be acceptable for processing approximately six hectares of land. Tractors can also be equipped with mounted devices, which will help increase the number of tasks.
Tractors, whose task is only to mow grass and get rid of debris. This machine is capable of processing only two hectares of land. Especially often this type is used for mowing the lawn.
Rider. This is the latest type of mini tractor. The main task of this agricultural technology is to fertilize the soil and introduce minerals. When equipped with additional equipment, it can also be used for processing the soil cover. However, the area of the cultivated area in this case will be small.

Advantages and disadvantages

It should be noted right away that these home-made machines are mainly used by private farmers. The main advantages of do-it-yourself mini tractors:

Excellent deep tillage. If the cultivated soil is stony, then it is very difficult to physically work it manually. Therefore, the mini-tractor in this case is indispensable, which in a short period of time will cope with the task;
This agricultural technique is very convenient to use on small areas for processing huge fields (more than ten hectares), only an ordinary standard tractor will do.
Overall low cost. A DIY mini tractor can help you save a decent amount of money. At the same time, all expenses will include financial resources spent on the necessary materials for the construction of agricultural machinery. Also, additional costs for repair work are not required;
The minitractor can be equipped with additional devices, thereby you can increase the number of functions of this machine. The building does not have a huge weight.

Homemade unit also has a number of disadvantages:

The owner who wants to make a mini-tractor on his own will have to look for the materials himself, and this is a rather lengthy process;
Some rare component part for assembly may be used; it can be very difficult to find. However, the assembly uses materials that are very easy to find on the market, and can also be easily replaced in the event of a breakdown;
For a self-made tractor, you need to get a permit to drive on city roads, otherwise you may receive a serious fine.

But these are not such serious disadvantages, there are more advantages and they are more significant.

Assembly guide

Follow a certain algorithm of actions for assembling this agricultural machinery:

At the very beginning, you need to make a frame. To do this, use a steel channel. Also in the overall design there must be quick-release lifting devices (traverses). The traverses must be on the front and back. The main power elements (spars) should also be located. To make the frame, you need to slightly reduce the width of the front in size. After that, it will be possible to make a part in the shape of a trapezoid. Do not forget to make a small hole in the frame - this will help to mount other devices in the future;
Next, racks are used that need to be welded to the corners. The role of the racks is to create a subframe. Additionally, they must be combined at the top of the structure. Then the wheeled vehicle unit (rear axle) must be attached to the frame;

Then comes the installation of the motor. The motor must have sufficient power. For installation, the engine of a conventional motorcycle is suitable;
The gearbox is installed on the frame. It should be in the direction of the driver. In the future, this will help to easily control the tractor;
Creation of steering. For control, a steering wheel taken from a domestic-made passenger car is suitable. In extreme cases, you can use the steering wheel of a motorcycle;
Installation of the towing device. It is designed for a trailer.
Creation of a brake. Then the electrical system is connected.

If you are engaged in a small farm, you need equipment such as a mini tractor. With it, you can perform a lot of everyday tasks for agricultural purposes in a short period of time.

Making a mini tractor with your own hands is not difficult. Of course, you need to have certain knowledge. You can buy them while watching the video:

Having a house in the village or a summer cottage, every spring you have to dig a garden. And if in the village this is done in one day, by ordering a tractor, then in the summer cottage everything is not so simple. After all, the entire territory of the dacha is surrounded by a fence, so it is almost impossible for a tractor to drive there.

Then you have to dig with your hands. However, not all summer residents are satisfied with this. You can, of course, buy a walk-behind tractor, but not everyone can afford this pleasure, and many summer residents dream of having their own mini tractor.

In order to make a mini tractor with your own hands, you need to start from the base, that is, the frame.

It is the most important part for our technical tool, since you will place the rest of the parts on it.

First of all, you should draw a detailed drawing of the frame.

For its manufacture, use lightweight metal channels. You connect them to each other using automatic or semi-automatic welding. Also note that the length and width of the frame should be proportional to the size of the future product.

You will assemble a minitractor on this basis. To do this, drill holes in the frame on all sides in order to secure various attachments.

Also, do not forget that you will also need to attach the footrests on both sides. You make them from an eight-millimeter steel sheet "St-3". You will also make a steering column from it.

To make the mini tractor more durable with your own hands, provide the segments that are located across with “kerchiefs”. In this case, use the same steel from which the steps were made.

Now you weld bushings to the front of the base, which will serve as hinges for the bridge. You make them using sheet metal "St-3" two centimeters thick. Next, attach the front and rear axle.

Bridges need to be made with your own hands, using separately taken parts from a similar type of equipment (for example, you can use bridges taken from a Muscovite or twenty-fourth Volga for this purpose). However, in this situation, they will be too bulky and will not suit us in order to make a mini tractor with our own hands. So some details will have to be machined from scratch, be mentally prepared for this.

What components will you have to do with your own hands?

It is necessary to machine the rotary bushings and the supporting axle shafts. You will also need to make a cross beam. To do this, take a pipe that has a square section measuring sixty-five by sixty-five millimeters. The thickness of the metal should be five millimeters. Measure the desired length from this pipe and cut it off using a grinder or a metal file.

If you have not found a pipe of this size, you can make a cross beam with your own hands using metal corners. Using structural steel, make bushings in order to secure the axle shafts. You make a rotary mechanism using pieces of metal pipe. The pipe that is used for this should have a cross section of seventy by fourteen millimeters.

Cut off pieces from it, each of which should be one hundred and twenty millimeters long. The bearings will be located on the metal in specially made seats.

Then this part must be covered with a welded metal cover. In the middle, you weld an already finished part, which consists of two bearings and a cylindrical cage.

Some details about the rear axle

You can not do it yourself, but take it already prepared from the Volga. However, remember that the minitractor has a width less than the rear axle, so you must reduce the length of the axle to end up with eighty centimeters. To achieve this, remove the fixing stockings and cut off the rivets. Push the rest inward. You can disconnect the bridge and the gearbox housing using a sledgehammer. Do not forget to fix the first element using a special mandrel.

After these steps, you will be able to ensure a reliable connection with the reverse gearbox, which will completely eliminate the possibility of cardan breakage. And you can also not worry about how to install and balance counterweights, which will greatly speed up the manufacturing time of a mini tractor.

Fix the stockings that you shortened in the holes by cutting the M-12 thread and screwing the screws into it. Now fasten the resulting bridge to eight steel plates. You must weld them using M-10 bolts. Four bolts must be welded to each plate. After that, fix the frame using nuts and spars. Check the connections with spring washers. For this purpose, steel plates of the same size must be welded onto the bridge.

At the end, under the frame mount, install the required number of brackets. To make a hoist, the hoist housing shaft must be welded to the axle housing.

At the final stage, weld a chair to the tractor and paint all metal parts of the product with paint of any color. Do not forget to install a hitch on the back of the frame so that you can hitch the plow.